Levels In Hypertensive Patients Research Articles

Growth Differentiation Factor (GDF)-15 Blocks Norepinephrine-induced Myocardial Hypertrophy via a Novel Pathway Involving Inhibition of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Transactivation

Accumulating evidence suggests that growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is associated with the severity and prognosis of various cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of GDF-15 on the regulation of cardiac remodeling is still poorly understood. In this present study, we demonstrate that GDF-15 blocks norepinephrine (NE)-induced myocardial hypertrophy through a novel pathway involving inhibition of EGFR transactivation. Both in vivo and in vitro assay indicate that NE was able to stimulate the synthesis of GDF-15. The up-regulation of GDF-15 feedback inhibits NE-induced myocardial hypertrophy, including quantitation of [(3)H]leucine incorporation, protein/DNA ratio, cell surface area, and ANP mRNA level. Further research shows that GDF-15 could inhibit the phosphorylation of EGF receptor and downstream kinases (AKT and ERK1/2) induced by NE. Clinical research also shows that serum GDF-15 levels in hypertensive patients were significant higher than in healthy volunteers and were positively correlated with the thickness of the posterior wall of the left ventricle, interventricular septum, and left ventricular mass, as well as the serum level of norepinephrine. In conclusion, NE induces myocardial hypertrophy and up-regulates GDF-15, and this up-regulation of GDF-15 negatively regulates NE-induced myocardial hypertrophy by inhibiting EGF receptor transactivation following NE stimulation.

MicroRNA-9 and microRNA-126 expression levels in patients with essential hypertension: potential markers of target-organ damage

MicroRNAs (miRs), as essential gene expression regulators, modulate cardiovascular development and disease and thus they are emerging as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease, including hypertension. We assessed the expression levels of the microRNAs miR-9 and miR-126 in 60 patients with untreated essential hypertension and 29 healthy individuals. All patients underwent two-dimensional echocardiography and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. MicroRNA expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were quantified by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Hypertensive patients showed significantly lower miR-9 (9.69 ± 1.56 vs 41.08 ± 6.06; P < .001) and miR-126 (3.88 ± 0.47 vs 8.96 ± 1.69; P < .001) expression levels compared with healthy controls. In hypertensive patients, miR-9 expression levels showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.437; P < .001) with left ventricular mass index. Furthermore, both miR-9 (r = 0.312; P = .015) and miR-126 (r = 0.441; P < .001) expression levels in hypertensive patients showed significant positive correlations with the 24-hour mean pulse pressure. Our data reveal that miR-9 and miR-126 are closely related to essential hypertension in humans, as they show a distinct expression profile in hypertensive patients relative to healthy individuals, and they are associated with clinical prognostic indices of hypertensive target-organ damage in hypertensive patients. Thus, they may possibly represent potential biomarkers and candidate therapeutic targets in essential hypertension.

Association of serum osteoprotegerin levels with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in hypertensive patients.

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) has been implicated in the process of vascular stiffness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between fasting serum OPG concentration and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (c-f PWV) in hypertensive patients. Fasting blood samples were obtained from 184 participants with or without hypertension. c-f PWV were performed by SphygmoCor system. Serum OPG levels were measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hypertensive patients who had diabetes had higher c-f PWV levels than those without diabetes (P=.031). The univariable linear regression analysis showed that age (P<.001), systolic blood pressure (P=.003), pulse pressure (r=0.287; P=.003), log-BUN (P=.011), Cre (P<.001), and log-OPG concentration (P<.001) were positively correlated with c-f PWV levels, while the glomerular filtration rate (P=.005) and HDL-C level (P=.024) was negatively correlated with c-f PWV levels among the hypertensive patients. Multivariable forward stepwise linear regression analysis of the significant variables also showed that log-OPG (β=0.312, regression coefficient: 1.736; 95% confidence interval, 0.809-2.663; P<.001) was still an independent predictor of c-f PWV levels in hypertensive patients. Serum OPG levels positively associated with c-f PWV levels in hypertensive patients.

The detection rates of inter-arm systolic blood pressure difference vary with blood pressure levels in hypertensive patients under antihypertensive therapy

⁎ Corresponding author at: Department of Cardiology Nanchang University. 330006, NO 1 Minde Road, Nancha 791 86301105. E-mail addresses: sunhanjun1987@163.com (H. Sun), suyihappy@sohu.com (H. Su), wangjiwei167@163.com (J huweitong2010@sina.com (W. Hu), ljx912@126.coma (J. xiaoshumenfan@126.com (X. Cheng). 1 First co-authors. 2 This author takes responsibility for all aspects of the r of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.

Serum uric acid levels in hypertensive patients with and without metabolic syndrome in the hills of Himachal Pradesh, India

Introduction: The objective was to assess the prevalence of hyperuricemia among newly diagnosed hypertensive patients in a tertiary care hospital in the Northern hilly state of Himachal Pradesh, India. Materials and Methods: In all 118 newly diagnosed patients with hypertension above the age of 20 years were included. Uric acid (UA) was measured using enzymatic uricase method. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum urate level > 6.8 mg/dl. National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria modified for Asian subjects, was used for defining metabolic syndrome (MS). Student's t-test for mean of continuous variables and Chi-square test for proportions were used for statistical significance. Results: The mean UA level among all the hypertensive subjects was 4.7 ± 1.0 mg/dl. The mean UA of patients with MS was 5.2 ± 1.3 mg/dl while in those without MS was 4.2 ± 0.7 mg/dl. The difference in mean UA in the two groups was statistically significant (P = 0.001). The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 5%, and all the patients were postmenopausal females among the MS group. Conclusion: In this study, cross-sectional associations between hypertension, MS and hyperuricemia were observed.

Comparative Effect of Antihypertensive Therapy on Blood Glucose Level in Hypertensive Patients in an Indian Population

Hypertensive patients have higher prevalence of insulin resistance and are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). There is scarcity of data on the relationship between antihypertensive therapies and glycaemic control in Indian population. Thus, the present study was designed to investigate such association among Indian population in a University teaching hospital.The study was carried out on 177 hypertensive patients (with new onset of diabetes or without diabetes) visiting the OPD of medicine department at Majeedia hospital, New Delhi. The drug history of hypertensive patients and blood glucose levels following 1-5 yrs of antihypertensive therapy were recorded.The gender distribution of hypertensive patients reveals a higher percentage of incidences in males (53.7%) as compared to females (46.3%). Hypertensive patient without DM on beta blockers and on thiazide shows higher incidence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (17.5%, 18.5%) and DM (10%, 11%) as compared to patient receiving other antihypertensive therapy. While in patients of new onset diabetes the incidence was higher with β-blockers (56.2%) than with thiazides (31.3%) followed by calcium channel blockers (CCBs) (12.5%). There was proportionate increase in incidence with the duration of therapy (3-5 years). None of the patients who were on ACE inhibitors or on angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) reported any incidence of IGT or DM.To conclude, β-blockers and thiazides increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus with long term antihypertensive therapy requiring regular monitoring. CCBs have lowered risks while ACE inhibitors and ARBs are relatively free of such metabolic adverse effects.

Study of serum insulin levels in patients of euglycemic essential hypertension: A cross sectional study in North Indian population

ObjectiveEssential hypertension is associated with multiple metabolic abnormalities, among them one of the most important is hyperinsulinemia. Hyperinsulinemia has been suggested as being responsible for the increased arterial pressure in patients with essential hypertension. But this is contradicted by the finding that all patients of essential hypertension are not hyperinsulinemic.The present study was conducted to explore the hypothesis that hyperinsulinemia plays a pathogenic role in hypertension in euglycemic North Indian population. Methods and materials120 subjects were studied (60 hypertensive and 60 normotensive). Blood pressure, fasting insulin levels, lipid profile and BMI were calculated for both the groups. Statistical analysis was done using online statistical software freely at www.openepi.com. ResultsHypertensive subjects were characterized by increased fasting insulin levels (16.77±7.62 vs. 8.84±2.04μIU/ml, p<0.01), increased BMI (p<0.01) and dyslipidemia, i.e. increased total cholesterol, high serum triglycerides, high LDL-C and low HDL-C with p<0.01. There was a positive correlation of fasting insulin levels with BMI, total cholesterol and LDL-C (p<0.01) and a negative correlation with HDL-C (p<0.05). However, serum insulin levels showed a non significant correlation with mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure (p>0.05). ConclusionsOur study showed a significant increase in serum insulin levels in hypertensive patients thereby supporting a possible pathogenic role of insulin resistance in onset of hypertension even when the fasting blood sugar is within normal limits.

Vascular endothelial growth factor-1 as a predictor of unfavorable cardiovascular events in arterial hypertension patients after ischemic stroke

Cardiologia CROATICA Objective: Circulating vascular endothelial growth factor-1 (VEGF-1) is considered as neuroprotective factor with angiopoetic capacity. However, interrelationship between VEGF-1 and frequency of recurrent cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients after stroke in long-term follow-up is still uncertain. Aim: To evaluate the relationship between VEGF-1 and risk of recurrent coronary and cerebral ischemic events in arterial hypertension patients after the stroke. Methods: 102 mild-in-moderate arterial hypertension patients were enrolled to the in study 3 weeks after ischemic stroke and then they were being studied prospectively for 12 months period regarding survival rate and unfavorable clinical outcomes. Circulating VEGF-1 level was determined in the study entry only. Clinical interviews were performed every 3 months during 1 year after blood sampling. Results: Analysis of obtained outcomes showed that medians of circulating VEGF-1 levels in hypertensive patients after stroke, which demonstrated one, two, three or more cases of recurrent cardiovascular events were 373.80 pg/ml (95%CI=342.90-479.70 pg/mL), 539.96 pg/ml (95%CI= 444.28-865.56 g/mL), and 724.66 pg/mL (95% CI= 558.72890.66 pg/mL) respectively, and they were significantly higher than that of the persons for whom new clinically relevant cardiovascular outcomes were not documented (Me= 289.28 pg/mL, 95% CI=279.71-345.88 pg/mL) (P=0.001 for all cases). The cutoff point of VEGF-1 with the most optimal predictive value for recurrent cardiovascular events was equal to 403.57 pg/mL (area under the curve= 0.76, 95%CI=0.602-0.917, P=0.001, sensitivity=78.6% and specificity=70.0% respectively). In this case, when circulating VEGF-1 level was more than 403.57 pg/ml, the number of reported cardiovascular events during one year follow-up was significantly higher in comparison to lower levels of one (OR=4.11, 95%CI=2.66-7.28, P=0.001). Kaplan-Meier curves began to divide about 10 weeks after the study entry and achieved a significant difference in 14 weeks. After that a difference in events occurrence between the two patient cohorts with circulating VEGF-1 level less and more 403.57 pg/mL continued to deepen. Conclusion: We found that circulating vascular endothelial growth factor-1 level was an independent predictor of 1 year cumulative cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients after ischemic stroke.

GW24-e2456 The Value Of SUA level With essential hypertension in predicting the occurrence of coronary heart disease

ObjectivesTo explore the value of serum uric acid (SUA) level with essential hypertension in predicting the occurrence of coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods546 patients with chest pain undergoing coronary angiography were...

HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS;

Objective: To see the frequency of diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose levels in hypertensive patients. Design:Descriptive study. Place of Study: OPD / Filter clinic. Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences. Islamabad. Patients and Methods: Thisstudy was carried out on 116 hypertensive patients during the period from August to September '2008. Out of 116 patients, 64 werefemales and 52 were males with age group between 20 to 70 years. Secondary causes are ruled out on the basis of history and physicalexamination. Blood samples were sent to PIMS laboratory for fasting glucose. Data and results were analyzed in SPSS. Results:According to this study, out of 116 patients, there were18 patients who had diabetes mellitus while 33 had hypertension with impairedfasting glucose tolerance which is statistically significant. The females as compared to males were increased in number who had bothdiabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose. According to age diabetes mellitus increased in age groups between 41-50 and 61-70years while impaired fasting glucose were increased in age group between 31-60 yrs. The results indicate that impaired fasting glucose ispresent in significant number of hypertensive patients. Conclusions: Hypertension is associated with diabetes mellitus and impairedfasting glucose.

Low Serum Long-acting Natriuretic Peptide Level Correlates with Metabolic Syndrome in Hypertensive Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

Long-acting natriuretic peptide (LANP) is one of the peptide hormones in atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) prohormone. Its biological properties are blood pressure regulation, maintenance of plasma volume and anticancer effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and fasting serum LANP concentration in hypertensive patients. Fasting blood samples were obtained from 224 patients with or without hypertension. MetS and its components were defined using diagnostic criteria from the International Diabetes Federation. Eighty-eight hypertensive patients (59.5 %) had MetS. Hypertensive patients with MetS had higher body weight (p= 0.003), waist circumference (p= 0.003), body mass index (p= 0.002), triglyceride concentrations (p= 0.029), insulin levels (p= 0.001), HOMA-IR (p <0.003) and HOMA-β (p= 0.049) and lower HDL-C concentrations (p= 0.001), LANP levels (p= 0.012) than those without MetS. The univariable linear regression analysis showed that age (p= 0.038) and the BUN concentration (p= 0.022) were positively correlated with the serum LANP levels, whereas the insulin level (p= 0.001), HOMA-IR (p= 0.004), and HOMA-β (p= 0.001) were negatively correlated with the fasting serum LANP levels among the hypertensive patients. Multivariable forward stepwise linear regression analysis of the significant variables showed that the HOMA-β (β= -0.387, R(2)= 0.141, p <0.001) was an independent predictor of fasting serum LANP levels in hypertensive patients. LANP level is significantly reduced in hypertensive patients affected by MetS and is negatively related to pancreatic beta cell function in hypertensive patients.

Investigation of Pentraxin 3 Levels in Hypertensive Patients with Stroke, Retinopathy and Nephropathy

Background: In this study, we aimed to determine PTX3 levels in hypertensive patients with nephropathy, retinopathy and stroke. Methods: This study is considering totally 135 patients including normotensives and newly diagnosed hypertensive and hypertensive with nephropathy, retinopathy and stroke. Blood samples were extracted to perform biochemical tests and PTX3 levels. Results: It is observed that PTX3 levels in the normotensive patients, isolated hypertensive patients and hypertensive patients have complication resulted with statistically differences (0.19 ± 0.15 ng/Ml, 37.15 ± 8.02 ng/Ml, 451.28 ± 244.39 ng/mL, p<0.00001). This arises from the differences between the PTX3 levels which belong the patient group has complication along with other groups and isolated hypertensive group along with normotensive group by the performed Post Hoc analyze. If the patients have complication are compared with each other, it is observed PTX3 level in the retinopathy group is statistically higher with reference to other groups (In retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy groups’ 710.90 ± 254.6 ng/mL, 408.14 ± 65.56 ng/mL, 253.61 ± 62.66 ng/mL, p<0.0001 respectively). It was established PTX3 levels in the complicated hypertensive patients is associated with BMI and LDL/HDL by the performed multivariate regression analysis (For BMI, LDL/HDL is respectively R square=0.085, F=5.84 and p=0.019 versus R square=0.153, F=5.61 and p=0.006). Conclusion: It is observed in the present study that in hypertensive patients with stroke and retinopathy and nephropathy, and isolated hypertensive, PTX3 levels are elevated. It is also found BMI and LDL/HDL is associated with PTX3 levels.

The Effect of Sodium Restricted Diet on Plasma Visfatin Levels in Hypertensive Patients with Visceral Obesity

Aim/Background: Experimental and clinical studies revealed contradictory data concerning the influence of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system activation on visfatin release. The aim of the present study was the assessment of the effect of dietary sodium restriction with RAA system activation on visfatin level in hypertensive and normotensive patients with visceral obesity. Methods: The study included 24 hypertensive patients with visceral obesity (12 women) and 22 normotensive subjects with visceral obesity (11 women) constituting the control group. Plasma renin activity, plasma insulin, aldosterone and visfatin levels were determined twice, on normal-salt diet after 6-8 h in recumbent position and the second time after 3 days of dietary sodium restriction and upright position for 2 h. Dietary compliance was controlled by 24 h natriuresis measurement. Results: Hypertensive patients had significantly higher plasma visfatin level than the control group [11.0 (8.5-13.5) vs. 6.8 (6.0-7.6) ng/ml, p=0.003]. Dietary sodium restriction and upright position caused significant increase in PRA and plasma aldosterone level in both groups. While, plasma visfatin level remained unaffected. In the combined group plasma visfatin levels correlated with BMI (r=0.398), waist circumference (r=0.391), glucose (r=0.328), insulin (r=0.663), HOMA-IR (r=0.698), triglycerides (r=0.500) and CRP (r=0.546) but not with percentage of fat mass, percentage of trunk fat, and blood pressure values. Conclusions: 1) Increased plasma visfatin concentration may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of hypertension in patients with visceral obesity. 2) RAA system activation by dietary sodium restriction and upright position has no effect on plasma visfatin levels in subjects with visceral obesity.

Predictive Value of Circulating Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-1 in Arterial Hypertension Patients

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the predictive value of serial measurements of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor-1 level in hypertensive patients after ischemic stroke. Methods: 102 patients with mild to moderate arterial hypertension within 3 weeks after ischemic stroke were included in the study. Patients were followed-up for 12 months with 3 month intervals. The circulating of VEGF-1 level was assessed at baseline. Clinical interviews were conducted every 3 months for 1 year after receiving blood samples. As a clinical point we determined following cardiovascular outcomes: recurrent stroke or TIA, ischemic heart disease, sudden death, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular events, including chronic heart failure and the need for hospitalization for these reasons. Results: Analysis of obtained outcomes showed that increased VEGF-1 concentration within six months after ischemic stroke has positively associated with incidence of cardiovascular events, when compared with individuals without increased circulating levels of VEGF-1. Adjusted odds ratio for the occurrence of cumulative cardiovascular events in hypertension patients with VEGF-1 concentration at baseline above 403.57 pg/ml was 4.11 (95% CI=2.66- 7.28; P=0.001), when compared with lower concentration of VEGF-1. Conclusion: In conclusion, we found that incremented circulating vascular endothelial growth factor-1 level was an independent predictor of 1 year cumulative cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients after ischemic stroke.

Effect of Fenofibrate Therapy on Blood Creatinine Levels in Patients with Hypertension and Hypertriglyceridemia

Results: Baseline parameters except lipid profiles were similar between the fenofibrate and control groups. Creatinine levels increased in the fenofibrate group (from 0.90±0.18 mg/dL to 1.05±0.22 mg/dL, p<0.001) and did not change in the control group (from 0.91±0.12 mg/dL to 0.92±0.14 mg/dL, p=0.39). The elevation was more pronounced in the fenofibrate group than in the control group (0.15±0.12 vs. 0.02±0.11 mg/dL, p<0.001). Changes in creatinine levels were only associated with fenofibrate therapy (r=0.52, p<0.001) in the stepwise linear regression analysis. Conclusion: Fenofibrate therapy for 1-3 years significantly increased creatinine levels in hypertensive patients with hypertriglyceridemia. This finding suggests that follow-up measurement of creatinine level is necessary with fenofibrate therapy.

Pharmaco-nutrient interactions - a systematic review of zinc and antihypertensive therapy

Antihypertensive medicines are to known to cause diverse disturbances to electrolyte homeostasis; however, their potential to affect zinc is less well known. The primary aim was to explore whether antihypertensive medicines have the potential to affect zinc status. A review of electronic databases was undertaken. Full-length English language articles describing clinical trials involving antihypertensive medicines and reporting on zinc measurements were reviewed. Eight eligible studies were identified which involved the use of ACE inhibitors, thiazide diuretics, beta blockers, or ARB drugs of which five included a control group Studies used urinary zinc excretion, plasma zinc levels or erythrocyte zinc as key measures of zinc status. Studies reported increased urinary zinc losses for captopril (from 50 mg/day), enalapril (20 mg/day), losartan (50 mg/day), losartan (50 mg/day) together with hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg/day), captopril (75 mg/day) together with frusemide (40 mg/day) and stand-alone hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg/day). Serum levels of zinc decreased with captopril (50-150 mg/day), verapamil (240 mg/day), atenolol (50-150 mg/day) and the combination of losartan (50 mg/day) and hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg/day), eryrthrocyte levels decreased with use of valsartan (80 mg/day) and in some studies for captopril, but not for metoprolol (100 mg/day), atenolol (50-150 mg/day), verapamil (240 mg/day), doxazosin (4 mg/day) or amlodipine 10 mg/day). Major limitations were that most studies were small and did not report on dietary zinc intake. The available evidence suggests that use of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists or thiazide diuretics have the potential to reduce zinc levels in hypertensive patients. Additional research using larger participant numbers and accounting for dietary zinc intakes are required.

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Effects of Enalapril on Matrix Metalloproteinases Levels in Hypertension

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) may downregulate matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). We examined whether enalapril affects MMP-2, MMP-8, and MMP-9 levels and activity, and their endogenous inhibitors (tissue inhibitors of MMPs, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) levels in hypertensive patients. Moreover, we assessed the effects of enalaprilat on MMP-9 and TIMP-1 secretion by human endothelial cells (HUVECs). Thirty-eight hypertensive patients received enalapril for 8 weeks and were compared with thirty-eight normotensive controls. Blood samples were collected at baseline and after treatment. Plasma ACE activity was determined by a fluorimetric assay. Plasma MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 were measured by ELISA and gelatin zymography. A fluorogenic peptide cleavage assay was used to measure MMP activity. HUVECs cells were stimulated by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and the effects of enalaprilat (10(-10) to 10(-6) M) on MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels were determined. Enalapril decreased blood pressure and ACE activity in hypertensive patients (P < 0.05), but had no effects on plasma MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 levels, or MMP activity. Enalaprilat had no effects on PMA-induced increases in MMP-9 and TIMP-1 secretion by HUVECs or on MMP activity. We show consistent evidence, both in vivo and in vitro, that enalapril does not affect MMPs and TIMPs levels in hypertensive patients.

The association of growth differentiation factor-15 with left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients.

Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) has been identified as an endogenous anti-hypertrophy effect. However, the association of plasma GDF-15 levels with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in hypertension is poorly understood. We investigate the effect of plasma GDF-15 levels on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in hypertension. We measured the plasma levels of GDF-15 in 299 untreated hypertensive patients which consisted of 99 with LVH and 200 without LVH using immunoradiometric assay. All subjects were examined by the ultrasonic cardiograph to determine Left ventricular (LV) internal diameters, septal thickness, and posterior wall thickness. The associations of GDF-15 with left ventricular mass index (LVMI), LV end-systolic and –diastolic diameters, LV wall thickness, and LV ejection fraction were evaluated. We found that plasma GDF-15 levels in hypertensive patients with LVH [median 1101, 25th–75th percentiles (879–1344) ng/L] were higher than that in hypertensive patients without LVH [median 516, 25th–75th percentiles (344–640) ng/L] (P<0.001). After adjustment for traditional covariates, plasma GDF-15 levels were independently related to LVMI (R2 = 0.53; β = 0.624, P<0.001), LV interventricular septal thickness (R2 = 0.23; β = 0.087, P<0.01) and LV posterior wall thickness (R2 = 0.26; β = 0.103, P<0.05). Our cross-sectional data on a hospital-based sample indicate that plasma GDF-15 levels are associated with LVH in hypertensive patients.

CLINICAL RESEARCH OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CARDIAC ANKYRIN REPEAT PROTEIN AND HIGH-SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN HYPERTENSION PATIENT

ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between the CARP, hs-CRP levels with atrial fibrillation (AF) in hypertensive patients.MethodsThis prognostic analysis was performed on 178 hypertensive patients from May 2010 to May 2011...

CORRELATION STUDY OF CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND SERUM HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVELS IN ELDERLY HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS

ObjectivesTo investigate the correlation of carotid atherosclerosis and serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in elderly hypertensive patientsMethods102 cases of elderly patients with hypertension were selected according to the WHO/ISH...