Lentinula Edodes Research Articles

A non-invasive method for measuring time-series of moisture concentrations in mycelial blocks during shiitake mushroom development using magnetic resonance imaging

The moisture concentration in mycelial block is an important factor for increasing the yield of high-quality shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) with a pileus of 4–5cm or more in mycelial block cultivation. Here, we show a novel way to measure moisture concentration in mycelial blocks using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The culture medium was inoculated with Hokken No. 607 and mycelial blocks were incubated and their moisture concentration was measured using MRI. A method was developed to calculate the spatial distribution of moisture concentration inside the mycelial blocks by measuring the total water mass in the mycelial block using mass method and creating a calibration line. During the maturation phase of the mycelial block (46–98 days of incubation), the moisture concentration in the top region of the mycelial block decreased once at 66 days of incubation and then gradually increased. The increase in moisture concentration was due to mycelia decomposing the culture medium and producing water. During the growth period of the fruiting body, the moisture concentration in the periphery of the fruiting body increased and, conversely, the moisture concentration in the whole mycelial block decreased because water in the mycelial block moved into the fruiting body.

Static magnetic field exposure improved the volatile composition and aroma attribute of fresh-cut flower mushrooms (Lentinus edodes (Berk) sing)

Aroma attribute and aroma compound (AOC) composition of fresh-cut flower mushrooms under different static magnetic field (SMF) intensities (2 mT, 4 mT, 6 mT, and 8 mT) were evaluated via coupling aroma sensory assessment and headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry with principal component analysis and partial least squares-relationship analysis. Results showed that aroma quality was severely loss after dicing treatment. A total of 43 AOCs were identified from flower mushrooms, and 3-octanone was the predominant compound. Application of 2 mT SMF maintained more acceptable raw mushroom-like, earthy/musty, and almond-like/roasted, and cooked cabbage-like aroma attributes of diced samples, related to maximally retaining the contents of the key AOCs (i.e. 3-octanone, 2-methylbutanal, and dimethyl trisulfide). These findings could provide a technical reference and theoretical basis for improving the aroma quality of fresh-cut mushrooms via magnetic fields and explain the mechanism of aroma enhancement.

Saltiness enhancing peptides isolated from enzymolysis extract of Lentinula edodes and their taste enhancing action mechanisms

The purpose of this study was to identify saltiness-enhancing peptides from continuous enzymolysis extract of Lentinula edodes by gel filtration chromatography (GFC), LC-MS/MS, virtual screening, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, electronic tongue analysis, and sensory evaluation. The results showed that the molecular weight of peptides in GFC P2 fraction was between 647 and 2110 Da, and heptapeptides-decapeptides were the most important. Four potential saltiness peptides, ADHDLPF, DIQPEER, DEPLIVW, and LPDEPSR were screened by BIOPEP-UWM and further verified by sensory evaluation. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations indicated that four peptides could interact with TMC4 receptors, Arg583, Arg294, Ala584 and Glu161 of TMC4 pocket1 and Arg437, Gln527, Arg580 and Lys412 of TMC4 pocket2 may play a key role in saltiness binding. In addition, the electronic tongue results showed that saltiness peptides had a synergistic effect on improving the saltiness of NaCl solutions and could replace at least 25%–50% of NaCl. The results showed that the saltiness-enhancing peptides of L.edodes could be obtained by enzymolysis, which laid a foundation for developing salt-reducing condiment from L.edodes.

Water concentration and rate of decrease in shiitake cultivation log during fruiting body development, as measured by MRI

Large shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes, pileus > 8 cm in diameter) are difficult to cultivate and account for only 3-5% of the total harvest. This study focused on the water absorption process within a log during the growth of fruiting bodies in order to increase the yield of large shiitake mushrooms. Konara oak logs (Quercus serrata, 85-95 mm in diameter, 290 mm in length) were inoculated with shiitake mycelium plugs and nine months later, young fruiting bodies developed, at which point the log was analyzed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) over a period of two weeks. The signal intensity and T1 and T2 relaxation time constants were determined from the acquired images, along with the distribution of water concentration within the entire log. The axial distributions of water concentrations in the log were higher in the 80 mm region around the fruiting body. The rate of decrease in water concentration indicated that water was supplied to the fruiting body from 80 mm axially in the upper half of the sapwood in the log. On the other hand, the water concentration in the heartwood did not decrease and the heartwood did not contribute to the water supply to the fruiting bodies.

Lentinan protects Caenorhabditis elegans against fluopyram-induced toxicity through DAF-16 and SKN-1 pathways

Fluopyram, a SDH inhibitor fungicide, is widely used in agriculture to control fungi and nematodes. However, fluopyram has been proved toxic that caused damage to organs through oxidative stress. The development of natural extracts that can reduce oxidative damage is a promising method. Lentinan is isolated from Lentinus edodes and has been verified its antioxidant activity. In this study, Caenorhabditis elegans was used to evaluate the protective effects of lentinan against fluopyram-induced toxicity and the possible mechanisms. Results showed that lentinan pretreatment notably increased the survival rate of N2 nematodes by 15.0 % and extended the lifespan by 91.5 %, compared with the fluopyram treatment. Lentinan pretreatment reverted the inhibition of the locomotion and reproduction of C. elegans under the fluopyram stress. In addition, lentinan pretreatment significantly decreased the contents of ROS and MDA in N2 nematodes. Moreover, pretreated with lentinan significantly recovered the decreased activities of CAT, SOD, GST and SDH induced by fluopyram. Lentinan pretreatment enhanced the mRNA levels of daf-16 and skn-1 and their downstream genes in the nematodes compared with the fluopyram group. In daf-16 and skn-1 mutants, the lifespan, ROS and related genes expression were not significantly changed in lentinan pretreatment. Pretreated with lentinan significantly enhanced the fluorescence intensity of SOD-3::GFP and GST-4::GFP, and promoted the nuclear translocation of DAF-16 and SKN-1 under the fluopyram stress. In summary, these findings indicated that lentinan protected C. elegans from fluopyram-induced toxicity via DAF-16 and SKN-1.

Characterization of Secondary Metabolites Identified in Lentinula edodes and Determination of Their Biological Activities by in‐silico Antioxidant Screening

AbstractMushrooms, like other fungi, are unique in the living world They have been assigned to the kingdom of Myceteae. Lentinula edodes(shiitake), is second‐largest and most often consumed edible mushroom in the world. Shiitake mushroom possess large capability to be used as food as it contains carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals, fibers, fatty acids, amino acids, etc. In current study powdered form mushroom used to form semisolid extract in selected fractions (Butanol, ethyl acetate, hexane, chloroform and aqueous). The aim of the current study was to explore phytoconstituents which have biological activities in selected fractions (n. hexane chloroform, and ethyl acetate) of methanolic extract of Lentinula edodes.GC‐MS, and HPLC analysis presented the secondary metabolites in all the selected fractions under taken. Chloroform fraction had the highest total phenolic, and total flavonoid which exhibited the maximum in vitro antioxidant ABTS potential (74.78±0.83) potential at 350 μg/mL while ethyl acetate has moderate and n‐hexane shows least concentration. Hemolysis essay showed less than 10 % lysis of RBC, s which indicates that fractions under study are active, and safe to use as herbal medicine. Biomolecules detected through HPLC and GC‐MS in fractions under study showed significant inhibition in paw inflammation (1.18±0.06) and yeast induced pyrexia (36.8±0.68) in dose dependent manner. Furthermore, In‐silico study showed that 4H‐Furo[3,2‐b] pyrrole‐5‐carboxylic acid have a strong interaction to NADPH oxidase, Myeloperoxidase as compared to standard Melatonin which shows best antioxidant compound which was confirmed in chloroform fraction.The outcomes of this research indicated that L. edodes significantly reduced inflammation and have ability to scavenge free radicals, prevent protein denaturation, also indicate the possible use in food and nutraceutical applications as an antioxidant, antipyretic, anti‐inflammatory, and antidiabetic agent.

Optimization of Se- and Zn-Enriched Mycelium of Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler as a Dietary Supplement with Immunostimulatory Activity.

Mycelial cultures of Lentinula edodes, an edible and medicinal mushroom, have been used in our previous research to obtain selenium-containing immunomodulatory preparations. Our current attempts to obtain a new preparation containing both selenium and zinc, two micronutrients necessary for the functioning of the immune system, extended our interest in the simultaneous accumulation of these elements by mycelia growing in media enriched with selenite and zinc(II) ions. Subsequently, we have studied the effects of new L. edodes mycelium water extracts with different concentrations of selenium and zinc on the activation of T cell fraction in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Flow cytometry analysis was used to measure the expression of activation markers on human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells stimulated by anti-CD3 and anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies (Abs). It was demonstrated that statistically significant changes were observed for PD-1 and CD25 antigens on CD8+ T cells. The selenium and zinc content in the examined preparations modified the immunomodulatory activity of mycelial polysaccharides; however, the mechanisms of action of various active ingredients in the mycelial extracts seem to be different.

Purification And Characterization of Mannanase Enzyme from Lentinula edodes Isolate and Evaluation of Its Activity in Removing Blood Stains from Cotton Fabrics.

Shiitake mushroom is the Japanese common name for the genus Lentinula edodes, and Shiitake is a fungus of medicinal and industrial importance. The enzyme Mannanase was purified from the fungal culture filtrate. It included a series of steps, including precipitation with ammonium sulfate and a saturation rate of 80%, in which the specific activity reached 2 units/mg, and the enzymatic accumulation was 80%. It was followed by enzyme dialysis for a whole day, which caused an increase in the specific activity to 3 units/mg, the number of purification times reached 3 times, and the enzymatic accumulation reached 71%. It is noticed from the ion exchange step using DEAE-cellulose that the specific activity increased to 10 units/mg, the number of purification times reached 10 times, and the enzymatic accumulation reached 53%. Subsequently, the last purification step was carried out using gel filtration chromatography Sephadex G-150, in which the specific activity of the enzyme reached 24 units/mg and the number of purification times reached 24 times, with an enzymatic accumulation of 48%. The molecular weight was determined using electrophoresis in a polyacrylamide gel, and its molecular weight was 58 kilodaltons. The optimum pH for its activity was 6.5, while the pH ranged between (5.5-7) to prove its activity. The optimum temperature for enzyme activity was 60°C, while the thermal stability was between (20-80) °C. Keywords: Lentinula edodes, β-mannanase activity, purifi-cation, DEAE-Sephadex A-150, Characterization, removing and ability of detergents to clean clothes.

Effect of postharvest storage time on quality characteristics of explosion puffing dried whole shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) crisps.

Non-fried shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) crisps fabricated by explosion puffing drying (EPD) are receiving worldwide attention due to its crispness, convenience, nutrition and health functions. The quality of mushroom crisps varies with storage time of fresh L. edodes. Therefore, the effect of postharvest storage time (ranging 0 - 14 d) of fresh L. edodes on quality characteristics of EPD processed mushroom crisps were evaluated. The weight loss and total color difference of fresh L. edodes were increased to 2.95% and 24.66, but moisture content, firmness and lightness reduced by 6.14%, 40.70% and 43.57%, respectively, after 14-d storage. The puffing degree of mushroom crisps was initially increased to a highest value (55.95%) at 4th day storage and thereafter decreased. The highest rehydration ratio (2.36) and crispness (63.67), and lowest hardness (102.95 N) of mushroom crisps were fabricated with L. edodes at 4th day storage. The free water was predominant in fresh L. edodes, which was decreased for fresh L. edodes, whereas increased firstly to the maximum value and decreased thereafter for osmotic dehydrated and heat pump pre-dried L. edodes with increasing storage time. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis confirmed fresh L. edodes stored at different time had a remarkable effect on quality characteristics of mushroom crisps. Fresh L. edodes stored at 4 ± 1 °C for 4 d were recommended for fabrication mushroom crisps with superior quality. This study provides a theoretical basis for selection of suitable storage time of fresh L. edodes before EPD of crisps. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Preparation and Product Characterization of Microwaveable Food Using Lentinus edodes Protein through 3D Printing.

The Lentinus edodes protein (LP) is a high-quality protein known for its well-balanced amino acid composition. In this study, we developed three-dimensional (3D)-printed microwaveable food using a combination of LP and potato flour, and optimized the formulation to achieve a ratio of LP: potato flour: xanthan gum: water = 2:8:1:23. The 3D-printed samples exhibited better shape, weight, and size compared to the molded samples after microwave treatment, with the most favorable microwave effect observed at a 90% filling ratio. The LP content affected the viscosity and retrogradation value of the LP-potato starch mixture. Microwave duration affected the surface hardness, interior softness, and moisture content of the product. The highest overall score of 8.295 points was obtained with a microwave processing duration of 2 min. This study lays a foundation for the development of LP-based 3D-printed food.

A Special Robot for Precise Grading and Metering of Mushrooms Based on Yolov5

In order to accomplish accurate mushroom classification and measurement, it is necessary to optimize the existing classification algorithm and measurement devices, as well as to design a specific robot to improve classification accuracy and measurement efficiency. In order to achieve the above objectives, a research-level verification of mushroom grading using Yolov5 + OpenCV and a mushroom measuring system using a resistance strain gauge sensor was carried out. In the aspect of mushroom grading, a method based on the OpenCV visual library was used to identify the minimum quadrilateral outside the mushroom contour, allowing the size of the mushroom to be measured. The experiment’s results show that the method can assess target objects that are occluded with each other under different illumination conditions with 96% accuracy. In the measurement of mushrooms, the strain of the resistance is converted into an analog signal, and the weight of different grades of mushrooms is converted according to the linear relationship after processing by the detection circuit module. Through this method, the error range is successfully controlled within ±0.02 kg, which meets the requirements of accurate measurement of mushrooms. The results of field experiments show that the proposed accurate grading and measurement method of Lentinula edodes is effective and feasible, and provides technical support for the intelligent grading and measurement of Lentinula edodes in production units.

Bioconversion of rice straw by Lentinula edodes under different spawn formulations.

To attend to the growing world demand for mushrooms, it is interesting to increase the system's productivity, improve quality and reduce production costs. This study aimed to optimize the production and quality of fruiting bodies of the edible and medicinal mushroom Lentinula edodes (shiitake), in agroresidues substrate using appropriate strain and spawn formulation. The evaluation was conducted using two strains under seven different spawn formulations (Control [C]: Sorghum grain + 2.5% CaCO3; (2) C + 2.5% sawdust; (T3) C + 5% sawdust; (T4) C + 2.5% peat; (T5) C + 5% peat; (T6) C + 1.25% sawdust + 1.25% peat; (T7) C + 2.5% sawdust + 2.5% peat) that were inoculated into the blocks at a proportion of 2% (w/w). The substrate was formulated with 63% rice straw, 20% sawdust, 15% wheat bran, and 2% CaCO3 and sterilized. The incubation period was 87days. Two flushes were obtained. Adding small aliquots of peat and sawdust to the inoculum gave significantly higher morphological results than the control in all variables analyzed. The days required for the first harvest ranged from 87 to 94days. The average weight of basidiomes ranged from 6.38 to 28.75g. The productivity data show superior results for the treatments in which the spawn was supplemented with sawdust and peat. Enhanced bioconversion with supplemented spawn shows promises for yield and composition improvement, crucial for commercial viability. It can be concluded that shiitake production using agroresidues such as straw can be increased using a suitable strain/spawn for optimal production.

Intensification of drying process of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) using combined methods of dehydration 10.24263/2304

Intensification of drying process of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) using combined methods of dehydration 10.24263/2304

PROCEDURE TO GROW FUNGI-BASED BIODEGRADABLE INSULATING PANELS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

ABSTRACT This work tackles the development of green biocomposite insulating panels out of fungi mycelia and to replace petroleum-based foam-expanded polystyrene (EPS) panels. These biological prototypes have advantages over expanded polystyrene foam panels, since they do not pollute, they are not flammable, and they are 100% biodegradable. They have been developed growing Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) and Lentinula edodes (Shiitake) mycelia on different agricultural substrates inside different types of moulds (up to 21 × 30 cm). As a result, the most suitable combinations of fungi species and agricultural substrates have been determined to grow biological insulating panels. Prototypes obtained were subjected to accelerated ageing tests to evaluate their resistance and changes in durability against water filtration and humidity changes in the event that they are used as insulating panels. Some technological properties have also been determined to evaluate their use as construction materials. The results obtained allow us to claim that biodegradable fungi-based insulating panels are viable to replace polluting foam-based insulating panels for the construction industry.

Lentinula edodes Sing Polysaccharide: Extraction, Characterization, Bioactivities, and Emulsifying Applications.

In the present work, the optimization of extraction, emulsifying properties, and biological activities of polysaccharides from Lentinula edodes Sing (LES) were studied. The results showed LES polysaccharides extracted by hot water or ultrasonication are a group of β-glucan. Among all the samples, the one extracted by hot water showed the best emulsifying capacity. In addition, the results demonstrated that LES polysaccharide had strong scavenging activities in vitro on DPPH and ABTS radicals, which reached the highest level for the one extracted by 90 min ultrasonication (p < 0.05). Overall, Lentinula edodes Sing polysaccharides (LESPs) may have potential applications as emulsifying agents in food industries.

Determination of polysaccharide content in shiitake mushroom beverage by NIR spectroscopy combined with machine learning: A comparative analysis

A comprehensive comparative analysis of the performance of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with various chemometrics and machine learning methods was performed to quantitatively determine polysaccharide content in shiitake mushroom beverages. First, Savitzky-Golay (SG) and orthogonal signal correction (OSC) methods were used for spectral pretreatment. Then, to simplify the model and enhance the generalization performance, variable selection (VS) methods including selectivity ratio (sRatio), variable importance in projection (VIP), recursive partial least square (rPLS), synergy interval partial least square (si-PLS), genetic algorithm (GA), and successive projection algorithm (SPA) were used to select the feature wavelengths. Finally, multiple linear regression (MLR), principal component regression (PCR), partial least squares regression (PLSR), support vector regression (SVR), back propagation neural network (BPNN) and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) regression algorithms were used for the multivariate quantitative analysis of NIR data. The results show that different combinations of pretreatment, VS and modelling methods lead to different prediction performances. Except for XGBoost, almost all linear and non-linear models showed satisfying prediction performance with their Rp2 > 0.95. Of these, SG-VS-BPNN models exhibited the best performance with their Rp2 ≥ 0.98. Therefore, NIR combined with machine learning can provide an intelligent, nondestructive and rapid quantitation of polysaccharide content in beverages. Data will be made available on request.

Modified Rice Bran Arabinoxylan by Lentinus edodes Mycelial Enzyme as an Immunoceutical for Health and Aging-A Comprehensive Literature Review.

Rice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC) is derived from defatted rice bran enzymatically treated with Lentinus edodes mycelium. This review explores biologically active compounds and mechanisms of action that support RBAC as an immunomodulating nutraceutical in generally healthy and/or aging individuals. Thirty-seven (n = 37) primary research articles fulfilled the selection criteria for review. Most research is based on Biobran MGN-3, which consists of complex heteropolysaccharides with arabinoxylan as its primary structure while also containing galactan and glucan. RBAC was found to invoke immunological activities through direct absorption via the digestive tract and interaction with immune cells at the Peyer's patches. RBAC was shown to promote innate defence by upregulating macrophage phagocytosis and enhancing natural killer cell activity while lowering oxidative stress. Through induction of dendritic cell maturation, RBAC also augments adaptive immunity by promoting T and B lymphocyte proliferation. RBAC acts as an immunomodulator by inhibiting mast cell degranulation during allergic reactions, attenuating inflammation, and downregulating angiogenesis by modulating cytokines and growth factors. RBAC has been shown to be a safe and effective nutraceutical for improving immune health, notably in aging individuals with reduced immune function. Human clinical trials with geriatric participants have demonstrated RBAC to have prophylactic benefits against viral infection and may improve their quality of life. Further research should explore RBAC's bioavailability, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of the complex heteropolysaccharides within. Translational research to assess RBAC as a nutraceutical for the aging population is still required, particularly in human studies with larger sample sizes and cohort studies with long follow-up periods.

Changes in the Physical Properties and Volatile Odor Characteristics of Shiitake Mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) in Far Infrared Radiation Drying.

The effects of far infrared radiation drying (FID) on physical properties (drying kinetics, color, shrinkage ratio, rehydration ratio, and microstructural characterization) and volatile odor characteristics (volatile odor profile distinction and volatile compounds) of shiitake mushrooms were evaluated in this study. During the FID, the drying time decreased with the increase in drying temperature, and it had a less significant effect in the lower temperature range. The increase in drying temperature led to increasing shrinkage and collapse in the microstructure, resulting in a decreased rehydration rate and highlighting the influence of microstructure characteristics on macroscopic properties. Higher drying temperatures employed in the FID process were found to be associated with a decreasing L* value and an increasing ΔE value. The application of principal component analysis can effectively distinguish the significant effect of FID on the volatile odor profiles of shiitake mushrooms. Compared to raw shiitake mushrooms, FID treatment has endowed samples with a greater variety of volatile compounds. After processing with FID, there have been increases in volatile components such as sulfur compounds, acids, nitrogen compounds, and aldehydes, while volatile components like alcohols, ketones, and hydrocarbons have shown decreases.

Allosteric switch for electrochemical aptasensor toward heavy metals pollution of Lentinus edodes sensitized with porphyrinic metal-organic frameworks

BackgroundLentinan medicament from Lentinus edodes has been considered as natural medicinal products with minimal side effects for cancer therapy, but Lentinus edodes are easily polluted by nonbiodegradable heavy metals, especially silver ion (Ag+). Therefore, it is highly desirable to monitor Ag + pollution in Lentinus edodes considering their adverse impact on lentinan medicament. Electrochemical sensor isn't affected from the interference of matrix turbidity and color, and offers a powerful means for determination of variant analytes. As for electrochemical sensing toward Ag+, there is a great need to design efficient signal probes for specific recognition and signal generation. ResultsWe present an appropriate electrochemical aptasensor for Ag + assay based on biomimetic catalysis of porphyrin-encapsulated MOF (PorMOF) and allosteric switch of C-rich DNA. Thanks to the excellent biocompatibility, PorMOFs as nanozyme are used to design signal probes by loading duplex-like DNA scaffold. Owing to the specific recognition of Ag+ toward cytosine (C) base-rich DNA, PorMOF at the distal end was close to the underlying electrode via C-Ag+-C formation, leading to an enhanced current of catalytic hydroxylamine oxidation for signal generation. Using the positive correlation between current response and Ag+ level, the electrochemical system provides a promising means for on-line monitoring of Ag+ in Lentinus edodes with recoveries from 92.8% to 106.4% and relative standard deviation from 3.98% to 8.24%, verifying the applicability of the electrochemical aptasensor toward Ag+ in Lentinus edodes. Significance and noveltyWith merits of portability, simple operation, and rapid response, the electrochemical pattern offers a useful solution for on-line monitoring of Ag+ in Lentinus edodes. By altering the DNA sequence, the proposed aptasensor provides a powerful way for monitoring other heavy metals, capable of protecting medicament production from heavy metal pollution.

Possibilities of re-use of spent shiitake (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegl.) mushroom substrate as an additive to the soil for blueberry growing

The efficiency of using spent shiitake mushroom substrate (SMS) (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegl.) for soil fertilization in blueberry cultivation technology has been investigated. A comparative analysis of the chemical composition of SMS and peat, as well as the chemical composition of the soil after their application for three years, was conducted. The study also assessed the microbial population and the content of total microbial biomass, as well as the direction of microbiological processes in the soil. In terms of chemical composition, SMS showed comparable results to peat, with a pH of 3.7, moisture content of 58–59%, organic matter content (expressed as Carbon) of 48%, total Nitrogen content of 1–1.7%, and a C:N ratio of 44.7–51.8 :1. Additionally, the SMS contained 0.43% total potassium, 0.37% total phosphorus, 0.42% calcium, and 0.17% magnesium. The evaluation of agrochemical and physical parameters of the loamy-podzolic soil after the application of SMS and peat showed that they were mostly at the same level. However, the soil treated with SMS exhibited advantages in organic matter content, nitrate nitrogen, water-soluble calcium, magnesium, sodium, and electrical conductivity, being 1.5–3 times higher compared to peat application. The results of the microbiological study indicated that the total microbial biomass and the number of microorganisms of the main ecological-trophic groups were higher in the soil with SMS application compared to the soil treated with peat. The introduction of SMS increased the population of mycelial organisms, such as micromycetes by 4.1 times and actinomycetes by nearly three times. Moreover, the application of SMS resulted in the deceleration of destructive processes in the loamypodzolic soil due to the presence of available sources of carbon and nitrogen for plants and microorganisms. This was evidenced by a 1.6-fold decrease in the coefficient of oligotrophy and a 1.4-fold decrease in pedotrophy. Based on the obtained data, the application of spent shiitake mushroom substrate for fertilizing loamy-podzolic soil was found to be beneficial, showing a positive impact on agrochemical and biological properties of the soil.