Leisure Sports Participation Research Articles

Girls play basketball too? A study of the mechanisms of traditional social gender consciousness on female participation in contact leisure sports.

With the development of women's sports, the mechanism of barriers to women's leisure sports participation has attracted extensive attention from the academic community. Despite its significant impact, there are few empirical studies on intra-personal barriers. Consequently, a structural equation model was established to examine the relationships between traditional social gender awareness, gender bias, gender stereotypes, and barriers to participation in leisure sports. In this study, a total of 508 questionnaires were collected and analyzed using AMOS 24.0 software for structural equation modeling. After model testing, the relationships between the variables were examined. The results of the statistical analyses indicated that traditional gender awareness could serve as an antecedent variable for barriers to participation in leisure sports, and that gender stereotypes mediated the relationship between traditional gender awareness and barriers to participation in leisure sports. The study also concluded that gender bias could not mediate the relationship between traditional gender awareness and participation barriers in leisure sports, but gender bias and gender stereotypes could act as chain mediators in the process of the influence of traditional gender awareness on barriers to contact leisure sports. This study emphasizes the need for women to break down the traditional social gender awareness, gender bias, gender stereotypes, and other intra-personal barriers when engaging in leisure sport participation. According to this study, the promotion of sustained and healthy development of women's sport requires the breaking down of traditional social gender awareness education and the creation of more gender-inclusive sports policies and environments. The significance of the study is that by proposing and confirming the internal participation barriers to women's participation in contact leisure sports, it will lead to the ideological liberation of women's gender perspectives, so that they can break down the participation barriers to contact leisure sports, participate in sports activities, and enjoy the right to play sports on an equal footing.

A Study on the Leisure Sports Participation Behavior of the Elderly through Comparative Analyses by Age: Focusing on Leisure Participation Constraints and Price Sensitivity.

Worldwide, interest in healthy living has been increasing as people's lifespans have lengthened, owing to interest in health and the development of the medical industry. The need for research on healthy lifestyles aided by sports activities for older adults is greater than before. This study aimed to compare and analyze constraints on participation in leisure sports and participation price sensitivity based on age groups in a super-aging society. From 22 May to 10 July 2024, in three community and sports centers, Korean adults over the age of 20 who regularly participated in leisure sports voluntarily responded to a questionnaire. Based on a quantitative research design using a survey with a convenience sampling technique, 305 collected survey responses were analyzed for validity, reliability, and exploratory factor analysis through SPSS 28. Additionally, one-way multivariate analysis of variance and the price sensitivity meter technique allowed us to analyze the differences in leisure participation constraints and price sensitivity among the groups. No statistically significant group differences were found in the health and social factors of leisure sports participation constraints. However, statistically significant differences were found for the cost and time factors. Finally, the price sensitivity meter technique found differences in price sensitivity in participating in leisure sports among the three age groups. This scientific analysis, aiming to expand older adults' participation in leisure sports, provides objective data for the future.

The Effect of Construction Workers’ Work Resilience on Their Leisure Sports Participation: The Mediating Role of Safety and Health Awareness

This study, grounded in psychological capital theory and the work resource model, investigates the impact of construction workers’ work resilience on their leisure sports participation. An interdisciplinary integration model was developed, incorporating work resilience, safety and health awareness, and leisure sports participation, providing empirical evidence for enhancing the well-being of the construction workforce. The study specifically examines the roles of physiological resilience, psychological resilience, social support, and occupational engagement in this context. A survey conducted with 663 construction workers in China and Korea revealed the following: (1) physiological resilience, psychological resilience, social support, and occupational engagement significantly and positively influence workers’ leisure sports participation; (2) safety and health awareness serves as a significant mediator between work resilience and leisure sports participation among construction workers. These findings underscore the importance of improving the work environment and creating semi-natural restorative landscapes to promote the physical and mental health of construction workers, as well as their engagement in leisure sports. The study calls for governmental and community initiatives, including policy support and resource allocation, to comprehensively enhance the overall well-being of construction workers.

중국 노인의 여가스포츠 참여동기가 재사회화 및 성공적 노화에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze the effect of Chinese seniors’ motivation to participate in leisure sports on their resocialization and successful aging. 364 Chinese seniors living in Beijing, China and regularly participating in leisure sports were selected as research subjects. For analyzing data, frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted using the SPSS 25.0 Version. As a result, first, Chinese seniors' motivation to participate in leisure sports was found to have a positive effect on resocialization. Second, their motivation to participate in leisure sports was found to have a positive effect on successful aging. Third, resocialization of Chinese seniors was found to have a positive effect on successful aging. In conclusion, in order to expect elderly people's participation in leisure sports, positive resocialization, and successful aging, it is necessary to develop (1) programs that consider intrinsic motivation such as enjoyment and fun, (2) differentiated programs by level for skill development, and (3) programs for positive resocialization.

Mediation Effect of Skill Levels in Relationship Between Degree of Participation and Injury Experience on Leisure Sports Participants : Based on Ball Sports with the Highest Injury Rate

PURPOSE This study aimed to prove the mediator effect of skill level on participation frequency and injury level of leisure sports players with the highest injury rate.METHODS Raw data of the “2019 Sports Safety accident data” conducted by the Korea Sports Safety Foundation were used for this study. We analyzed 857 leisure sports players participating in events with the top four highest injury rates (Basketball, Soccer, Baseball/Softball, Foot Volleyball). Frequency, descriptive statistics, and correlation analyses using SPSS version 27.0 and Process macro model 4 were employed for analysis.RESULTS The results regarding participation frequency, injury severity, and skill level among recreational athletes are as follows. First, a positive correlation was established between the participation frequency of recreational athletes and their skill levels. Second, the correlation between participation frequency and injury severity was observed only in soccer and basketball. Third, skill level plays a mediating role in the relationship between participation frequency and injury level. The results indicate that as the participation frequency among leisure sports players who participate in ball sports with a high injury rate increases, this affects the degree of injury.CONCLUSIONS Skill level appears to play a mediating role in the relationship between participation frequency and injury level. Based on the results, we recommend safety education not only on the relationship between participation frequency and injury level, but also the intermediary role of skill level.

The Current Status of Leisure Constraints, Leisure Sports Behaviors, and Active Aging Among Chinese Older Adults.

Against the backdrop of China's active response to population aging, an increasing number of older adults are participating in leisure sports activities to enrich later life and experience active aging. However, when participating in these activities, older adults encounter constraints that affect their leisure sports behaviors. To understand the current state of leisure constraints, leisure sports behaviors, and active aging among Chinese seniors, we collected 1,581 surveys from older adults in Zhejiang Province, China. A stepwise regression model was used to explore the relationships between leisure constraints and leisure sports behavior as well as between leisure sports behavior and active aging. The respondents' leisure sports were characterized by light-intensity, moderate duration, high-frequency, and long-term participation with various leisure constraints, such as a lack of organized leisure sports activities. However, the respondents reported that their aging status was positive. Leisure constraints were negatively associated with leisure sports behavior, and self-constraint had a significant impact on leisure sports behavior. Leisure sports behavior positively affected the active aging of older participants and was positively associated with the four subdimensions of active aging: health, participation, security, and lifelong learning. High-frequency and long-term participation in leisure sports is an effective strategy for Chinese seniors to promote active aging. However, there are still many constraints that limit the leisure sports behaviors of older adults. The findings may inspire Chinese older adults to achieve active aging through leisure sports and provide support for the literature.

The Relationship among Face Sensitivity, Conspicuous Consumption, and Leisure Satisfaction of Water Leisure Sports Participants

The Relationship among Face Sensitivity, Conspicuous Consumption, and Leisure Satisfaction of Water Leisure Sports Participants

Sports participation, body appreciation and life satisfaction in Norwegian adolescents: A moderated mediation analysis.

Life satisfaction is an important aspect of quality of life and plays an essential role in optimal developmental adaption in adolescence. This study investigated whether being active in organised leisure sports is associated with a higher level of life satisfaction among adolescents, both directly and indirectly, through increased body appreciation. Whether gender moderates the mentioned associations will also be examined. The study was cross-sectional and based on a sample of 541 participants (44% females) between 16 and 19 years of age (Mage=16.89 years, SD=0.46). A moderated mediation model was examined using SPSS v27 and the PROCESS macro. Boys had higher life satisfaction and body appreciation levels than girls did. There was no direct effect of organised leisure sports participation on life satisfaction. However, there was a positive association between organised leisure sports participation and life satisfaction through increased body appreciation. No gender differences were observed for the direct association between sports participation and life satisfaction or the indirect associations between sports participation and life satisfaction through body appreciation. Our findings support that body appreciation is a mediator for the association between organised leisure sports participation and life satisfaction for both boys and girls. Longitudinal studies should be conducted to further examine if causal relationships exist.

확장된 계획행동이론을 적용한 스포츠예능콘텐츠 시청을 통한 여가스포츠 참여 의도

his study was to investigate the effects of watching sport entertainment contents on the intention to participate in leisure sports by paying attention to the recently increased sport entertainment contents by applying the extended planned behavior theory. The questionnaire was used as a measurement tool, and the final 323 data were analyzed using the convenience sampling method among non-probability sampling methods. For data processing, SPSS and AMOS programs were used. The research results are as follows. First, it was found that attitude and perceived behavioral control, which are variables of the extended planned action theory, have a significant effects on participation intention. Second, the subjective norm, a variable of the expanded planned action theory, did not show a statistically significant effects on participation intention. Third, it was found that health consciousness, a new factor added in this study, had a significant effect on attitude and intention to participate. In the current situation where sport entertainment contents are increasing, this study is meaningful in that it identified the main factors affecting the participation intention of leisure sports participants.

Promoting Active Aging Through Sports Participation: A Qualitative Exploration of Serious Leisure Among Older Chinese Adults.

China's population of older individuals reached 264.02 million in 2020, an increase of 5.44% from 2010. This study explores how participation in serious leisure sports, which have enduring benefits for older adults, contributes to active aging. In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 older participants aged 60-78years who had participated in a leisure sport activity for 1year or longer. A thematic analysis was conducted, and four themes emerged: body improvements, positive emotions, optimistic life attitudes, and social interactions. Older adults who participate in serious leisure sports are empowered via practice and learning opportunities to engage with their aging bodies, pursue psychological benefits, and jointly maintain leisure groups. The findings of this study contribute to our understanding of the "rights-based" approach to active aging and allow us to identify serious leisure sports as an active way for older adults to improve their quality of life.

수상레저스포츠 참여자의 스포츠 상해 빈도 결정요인

The purpose of this study is to identify the determinants of sports injuries caused by participating in water leisure sports, focusing on the preventive aspect. To achieve the purpose of this study, a decision tree analysis was conducted using the data of 2019 Sports Safety Accident Survey data provided from Korea Sports Safety Foundation's. As a result of the analysis, injury time, sports skill level, injury experience(severity), pre-injury condition, sports participation time, average sleeping time, intention to spend protective equipment, recognition of prevention methods, weather check, injury season were derived as a determinant of sports injury caused by participation in water leisure sports. The implications of this result are as follows. First, in order to reduce the frequency of injuries of participants in water leisure sports, it is necessary to increase participants' safety awareness and induce safety practice behavior. Second, the occurrence of injury to participants in water leisure sports is related to the level of proficiency and immersion of the participants.

Exploring women’s engagement in leisure sport participation: the influence of serious leisure in Basque pelota

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyse the meanings that underlie women’s participation in and commitment to leisure-time sport related to Basque pelota. Thirty-eight women between 22 and 60 years old participated in this ethnographic study, which conducted 21 semi-structured interviews. The theoretical framework used for the analysis was informed by a feminist approach and the Serious Leisure Perspective. A hybrid approach, deductive-inductive coding was employed. The data analysis revealed that recreational and competitive female athletes had different levels of engagement and attributed different meanings to their sport practice depending on their form of participation, their commitment, and the lifestyle built around it. It is concluded that the seriousness with which the activities are carried out influences the sport involvement of female Basque pelota players, which should be taken into account to adapt the activities and make an offer related to the characteristics of each pelotari type’s context.

Applications of mobile learning on college students' water leisure sports in the post-pandemic era.

This study explored the relationship and influence of college students’ participation in water leisure sports, as well as the technology acceptance model (TAM). With the rapid development of the economy, the government is promoting various water leisure sports centered on the concept and policy of a maritime- and ocean-based nation. Based on the TAM, this study investigated the relationships among its ease of use, usefulness, water leisure involvement, benefits, barriers, and intentions to participate in water activities in connection with college students participating in water leisure sports. A total of 420 college students who participated in water leisure activities were sampled. There were 370 valid questionnaires, and the recovery rate of valid questionnaires was 82.2%. The data were analyzed by the structural equation modeling of the partial least squares method (PLS-SEM). The results show that the ease of use of water facilities had a positive effect on the usefulness, involvement, and participation in water activities; the usefulness of water facilities had a positive and significant impact on the intention to participate in water activities; water leisure involvement had a positive and significant impact on the benefits and the intention to participate in water activities; the intention to participate in water activities had a positive and significant impact on the benefits of water leisure activities. Furthermore, the study found that the intention to participate in water activities had a mediating effect between water leisure involvement and water leisure benefits; water leisure involvement had a mediating effect between the ease of use of water facilities and the intention to participate in water activities; the usefulness of water facilities had a mediating effect between the ease of use of water facilities and the intention to participate in water activities. In addition, the interaction between water leisure involvement and water leisure constraints had an interfering effect on water leisure benefits. Accordingly, recommendations for promotion and implementation are provided. Based on the TAM, the study provided suggestions for implementing water leisure sports to promote college students’ participation behavior in water leisure sports.

The Development of Leisure Sports in Big Cities in China from the Perspective of Ecological Civilization

Leisure sports is a combination of leisure and sports. Urban leisure sports are the instinctive needs of urban residents to cope with the “urban disease.” It caters to the current urban value demands of optimizing residents’ lives and conforms to the development of “Better City, Better Life” trend. This article comprehensively uses literature research, comparative research, system analysis, questionnaire surveys, and case studies to explore the relevant theories of urban leisure sports. Taking Xi’an as an example, we carry out a practical survey of urban leisure sports, including the expression of needs and behaviors of urban residents’ restrictions, feedback on the supply of urban leisure sports, and analysis of its existing problems. Investigation results show that ecological civilization and the development of urban leisure sports are an interactive process. Ecological civilization is the external thrust of the vigorous development of urban leisure sports, and leisure sports is a means of ecological civilization construction. “For good health” is the primary factor that stimulates people’s leisure sports behaviors. Among the restrictions that affect urban residents’ participation in leisure sports, lack of partners is the main interpersonal restriction. The current development of urban leisure sports is faced with problems such as the squeeze of urban life and ecological space, poor air quality, lack of leisure sports facilities, insufficient opening of leisure sports resources, and insufficient guarantees for leisure sports funds. It is recommended to optimize the urban “production, living, and ecological” spatial layout and continuously extend the urban leisure and sports space through the organic renewal of urban space, spatial reuse, and rational development of vertical space. On the basis of understanding the laws of urban development, the exploration of the laws of the development of urban leisure sports must coordinate with the development of urban ecology, economy, and culture.

Mediatization and Self-Organized Leisure Sports: A Finnish Perspective

Participation in leisure sports is undergoing a transformation that is guided by societal and cultural changes as well as recent developments in, and the use of, digital sports media and technologies. This paper discusses how changes in leisure sports participation can be understood using mediatization as a theoretical framework. This theoretically informed analysis of change is contextualized within Finnish climbing and trail running subcultures. The paper proposes that mediatization contributes to the diversification of the sporting landscape, enables fluidity in sports communities, and strengthens commercialization of leisure sports. Additionally, the paper outlines how the dynamics of de- and reinstitutionalization of leisure sports are connected to the rise of digital media and communication.

생활스포츠 참여자의 성공적인 노화를 위한 대처 과정 : 댄스 중심으로

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the coping process for successful aging of Leisure Sports participants focusing on dance.BR Method: For this purpose, 10 people and 3 teachers participating in leisure sports at Daejeon were selected as research subjects based on purposive sampling. Data analysis was performed according to the method proposed by Strauss & Corbin (1998) by collecting data through in-depth interviews and note-taking.BR Results: The results are as follows. The causal condition was ‘For my life, and I do not want to be a burden’. The central phenomenon appeared to be ‘To have a healthy and happy old age‘. The contextual conditions appeared as ‘Economic burden, and preparing for an aging society’. The terms of intervention conditions appeared as ‘Leading an active life, and relationship building of together and solidarity’. The action/ interaction strategies for motor ability improve including changing experience and ’Creating a healthy routine, and repetition of control and acceptance’ were revealed. Finally, the results of the category analysis on the paradigm appeared as ‘Recognizing limits and emptying practice’.BR Conclusion: These findings are useful to provide a practical guide for eth successful aging of leisure sports participants for dance.

The Role of Recreation Specialization and Self-Efficacy on Life Satisfaction: The Mediating Effect of Flow Experience

Previous studies confirmed that leisure sport participation could contribute to people’s life satisfaction. However, little is known about the predictors of life satisfaction in the context of long-distance running. A model was proposed in this study to examine the relationship between recreation specialization, self-efficacy, flow experience, and life satisfaction. An online questionnaire was distributed to long-distance runners in China, and a total of 404 valid questionnaires were obtained for data analysis in this study. Results indicated that recreation specialization and self-efficacy had a direct and positive effect on runners’ flow experience; recreation specialization, self-efficacy, and flow experience were positively associated with runners’ life satisfaction. Furthermore, flow experience partially mediated the relationship between self-efficacy and life satisfaction, while it fully mediated the role of recreation specialization in life satisfaction. The findings shed some new insights for understanding the influence of leisure sport engagement on people’s life satisfaction.

제주지역 장애인의 레저스포츠 활동 만족도 정도에 따른 참여 저해 요인의 비교 연구

The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of satisfaction with leisure sports of the disabled and to compare the differences in the factors that inhibited participation in leisure sports according to the degree of satisfaction. The subjects were 168 disabled people located in the Jeju area. Self-administered questionnaires written by the subjects were statistically analyzed by the PASW Statics 18.0. Subjects were classified into “Upper group”(n=97) and “Lower groups”(n=71) according to their satisfaction with sports participation. And the results are as follow.<BR> First, the importance level of leisure sports facilities was found to be significantly higher in the upper group (4.5 points) than in the lower group (3.0 points).<BR> Second, in terms of internal factors, the upper group (3.8 points) scored significantly higher than the lower group (3.3 points), indicating positive participation in psychological activities, but there was no difference in external factors.<BR> Third, the average of all questions about the restrictions on participation in leisure sports for the disabled was 2.4 points, showing a low score distribution.<BR> Fourth, the motivation for participation in leisure sports activities according to the level of satisfaction with leisure sports for the disabled was 4.3 points for the upper group and 3.6 points for the lower group, indicating that the upper group had a significantly higher score than the lower group.

해양레저스포츠 참여자의 위험지각에 대한 척도개발 연구 : 스쿠버다이빙 참여자를 중심으로

This study aims to develop risk perception scale for leisure sports participants who are suitable for domestic situation. Furthermore, the feasibility and reliability of the developed scale were secured to suggest the possibility of applying the developed risk perception and to provide basic data for follow-up research. Accordingly, this study has been through literature research, expert group meeting, in-depth interview, preliminary survey, and data collection process by referring to the scale development procedure of previous studies. For the analysis method, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis were conducted to secure the validity of the questions. Confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate the validity of the questions, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were conducted to analyze the correlation and predictive feasibility. The results of the analysis showed that the risk perception scale of leisure sports participants was 5 factors (facilities and functions, personal risks, economic risks, environmental risks, and social risks) and 23 questions.As mentioned above, the risk perception scale developed in this study can help to establish a new theoretical basis for future research on leisure sports, and it can be a reference to find out the risk perception perceived by participants in tourism and leisure sports through the risk perception recognized by the detractor.

COVID-19 상황에서 실내 여가스포츠 참여자의 여가제약, 여가제약협상, 여가만족 및 행동지속의도의 구조적 관계

The purpose of the present study is to examine the structural relationship between the leisure constraints, leisure constraint negotiations, leisure satisfaction, and behavioral adherence intention of indoor leisure sports participants and thus offer a plan for improving leisure satisfaction and behavioral adherence intention through leisure constraint negotiations on the part of indoor leisure sports participants who are under leisure constraints. To this end, the study selected a population out of participants of indoor leisure sports events specifically badminton, Pilates, yoga, Taekwondo, and weight training during the COVID-19 pandemic. For sampling, the study used convenience sampling out of non-probability sampling methods, and used 224 surveys for the final analysis after distributing 300 surveys and excluding insincere responses, responses with the same answer, and overlapping responses. The SPSS 25.0 version and the AMOS 24.0 version were used to carry out frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation model analysis. The research results are as follows. First, out of leisure constraints, intrapersonal constraints appeared to all have a negative(-) impact on leisure constraint negotiations; interpersonal constraints all appeared to have a positive(+) impact; and structural constraints appeared to have a negative(-) impact on money management and no impact on interpersonal relationships, time management, and skill acquisition. Second, out of leisure constraint negotiations, money management appeared to have a negative(-) impact on leisure satisfaction; time management appeared to have a positive(+) impact on leisure satisfaction; and interpersonal relationships and skill acquisition appeared to have no impact on leisure satisfaction. Third, leisure constraint negotiations appeared to have no significant impact on behavioral adherence intention. Fourth, leisure satisfaction appeared to have no impact on behavioral adherence intention.