Leisure Industry Research Articles

Developing the Contextualized SERVQUAL Instrument for Measuring the Service Quality of Nepali Resorts: An Application of the Modified Delphi Technique

In resorts, service quality refers to the overall level of guest satisfaction during their stay. This includes a variety of factors, such as the friendliness and helpfulness of the staff, the cleanliness and condition of the rooms and common areas, the availability of amenities and activities, the efficiency of check-in and check-out procedures, and the resort’s overall atmosphere. To address above gap, this study aims to develop contextual service quality (SERVQUAL) instrument for resorts to obtain the consensus benchmark to measure the service quality of Nepali tourist standard resorts. The SERVQUQL is a measuring tool of service quality of different organizational settings, more importantly, in the hospitality and service sector. Therefore, to contextualize and align to SERVQUAL, the Modified Delphi Technique (MDT) was used to develop this instrument based on SERVQUAL theory. The instrument development was performed among 10 anonymous experts and stakeholders who have experience, knowledge, and expertise in the area of the hospitality and leisure industries. The findings identified that one more key construct is essential to realize the service quality of the tourist standard resorts. To carry out the mutual consensus among the experts and stakeholders, the interquartile range (IQR) value was taken from three points Likert scale to conduct the MDT from the second stage until the mutual consensus of experts and stakeholders. The IQR value was taken from each set of questions which was evaluated by the exports to obtain a consensus benchmark on the contextualized SERVQUQL construct and items. The data were presented using Microsoft Excel. In the final stage, 29 question statements out of 31 were found to have a high consensus benchmark among the experts and stakeholders. Therefore, 29 items from six constructs were accepted and included in the actual questionnaire to measure the service quality of Nepali tourist standard resorts. Our findings contribute to the SERVQUAL theory, practice, and future research.

MODERN FORMS OF ORGANIZATION OF THE LEISURE INDUSTRY

Purpose. The conditions for the existence of the tourist industry have been put in a strict framework over the past few years. The pandemic and military actions forced this industry to look for new extraordinary ways of organizing its work, aimed both at meeting the most urgent needs of people in recreation, and at their own profitability. Therefore, the purpose of the work is to study the existing modern forms of leisure organization, as well as the introduction of new promising directions for the organization and development of leisure in the tourism business. Method. The article uses the methods of scientific research, analysis and synthesis to substantiate the modern forms of organization of the leisure industry, the method of comparison to compare and identify the necessary but missing elements in the presented forms. Results. As a result of a number of changes in tourist activity, adaptation to new business conditions, further development and transformation of the leisure industry, introduction of new forms and new types of entertainment and recreation are needed. The article presents types of new modern forms of leisure. Scientific novelty. The proposed organization of HUBs in hotels, which can simultaneously solve many tasks: from entertainment to work, and a number of new forms of leisure organization. Practical significance. Implementation of the proposed forms of leisure will allow to compete effectively on the market and increase the profitability of tourism companies.

Evaluating Participant Experience Journeys: Peak-End Moments, Global Summaries, Dispersion, and Pattern

Substantial gains have been made in recent years toward understanding techniques for immersing participants in recreation activities. Immersed participants “become physically (or virtually) a part of the experience itself” (Pine & Gilmore, 2020, p. 40); their actions merge with their awareness (Csikszentmihalyi, 1975). As competition in the leisure and travel industries intensifies, managers and program evaluators will need efficient approaches to measure the ebbs and flows of participants’ immersion during participation. The latest research suggests it is not sufficient to use a single number to represent the entire flow of immersion during an activity. Rather, measures of salient features of participants’ “experience journeys” may be needed. Experience journey measurement requires measuring participants’ immersion repeatedly, at successive intervals as an activity unfolds. We developed an efficient way of measuring immersion experience journeys and examined relations between select experience journey characteristics (central tendency, dispersion, and pattern) and two outcomes ordinarily valued by park and recreation managers: enjoyment and proclivity to recommend the activity to other people. We collected experience observations (n=1,189) from 150 youth in a summer camp, who completed questionnaires immediately following each of eight structured activity sessions: swimming, climbing, archery, riflery, dancing, kayaking, fishing, and crafts. Participants shared their immersion experience journeys immediately after the activity by drawing a line through a time-series graph representing their levels of immersion as the activity progressed. Immersion at each time point in the experience journey was measured as the vertical distance from the baseline to the drawn line, at each of 12 sequential observations. The questionnaire also included conventional post-hoc measures of enjoyment and proclivity to recommend the activity. Dispersion and pattern of immersion experience journeys were found to be important predictors of enjoyment and proclivity to recommend. Two measures of central tendency (peak-end average and global average) were also strong predictors. Models using global summaries as the measure of central tendency of immersion explained greater variance than peak-end averages until pattern and dispersion were added to the models. Results point to the potential utility of new and efficient questionnaires for monitoring experience journeys and continuously improving recreation programs and events.

Default risk transmission in the travel and leisure industry

Default risk in the Travel and Leisure (T&L) industry remains understudied despite its implications for the industry’s health and stability. This paper investigates the transmission of default risk among US T&L firms over various credit horizons from July 22, 2008 to December 9, 2022, paying special attention to the impact of COVID-19. The short-, medium-, and long-term default risk factors are extracted from the Credit Default Spread (CDS) curve of the US T&L industry then used within a connectedness approach. The results reveal considerable default risk transmission, particularly in the long-term. Default risk transmission has spiked across all horizons since the pandemic, reflecting the deterioration in credit quality of T&L firms under the pandemic. Analysis of the drivers of default risk transmission shows that several macro-financial variables, especially news market sentiment and stock market volatility induced by the pandemic, have an important explanatory role.

시멘틱 네트워크 분석을 통한 김포 아라마리나 담론 탐색 연구

Leisure activities have naturally increased as the desire for leisure life has increased since the transition to a five-day workweek. In particular, due to the geographical characteristics of Korea, which is a sea on three sides, interest and use of marine tourism and marine leisure sports have also increased. Marine leisure sports include yachts, boats, and surfing, and the importance of the marina is growing as a major space for enjoying marine leisure sports. With the opening of the Gyeongin Ara Waterway in April 2012, Gimpo Ara Marina, the largest marina facility in the Seoul metropolitan area, began operation in connection with this. Gimpo Ara Marina became a complex marine leisure space formed along the waterway of the Ara Waterway linking the West Sea to the Han River. This research was conducted on unstructured big data extracted from social media to explore the discourse of Gimpo Ara Marina. In addition, frequency analysis, centrality analysis, and CONCOR analysis were performed step by step to derive the results of the in-depth keyword cluster. As a result of the study, keywords such as Gimpo, hotel, hosting, Gyeonggi-do, Gyeonggi International Boat Show, yacht, and events showed a high frequency of appearance. Second, keywords such as boats, leisure, festivals, tourism, and marine leisure showed high centrality results according to the results of the implementation of centrality. Third, as a result of the CONCOR analysis, a total of five clusters were formed. The community was identified as an exhibition of marine leisure industries, major festivals, promotion of marine leisure content, and accommodations nearby. Based on the results of these studies, practical implications that can be applied to the Marina industry in the future and theoretical implications that can be applied to academia were derived.

Impact of COVID-19 on Stock Market Performance Of Tourism and Leisure Industry

The COVID-19 pandemic has inflicted significant damage to the world economy, and the tourism and leisure industry is no exception. This article investigates the effect of COVID-19 pandemic, vaccine rollouts, and government policy responses on Australia's tourism and leisure industry. To do so, we use data on stock market performances of the travel and leisure industry as key indicators. Our findings show that while vaccine rollouts help for a partial recovery of the travel and leisure industry, full and speedy recovery remains a challenge under stringent policies related to COVID-19 safety, suggesting the enormous magnitude of the task ahead in terms of policy responses.

Excess risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection among in‐person nonhealthcare workers in six states, September 2020–June 2021

While the occupational risk of severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection for healthcare personnel in the United States has been relatively well characterized, less information is available on the occupational risk for workers employed in other settings. Even fewer studies have attempted to compare risks across occupations and industries. Using differential proportionate distribution as an approximation, we evaluated excess risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection by occupation and industry among non-healthcare workers in six states. We analyzed data on occupation and industry of employment from a six-state callback survey of adult non-healthcare workers with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and population-based reference data on employment patterns, adjusted for the effect of telework, from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. We estimated the differential proportionate distribution of SARS-CoV-2 infection by occupation and industry using the proportionate morbidity ratio (PMR). Among a sample of 1111 workers with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, significantly higher-than-expected proportions of workers were employed in service occupations (PMR 1.3, 99% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-1.5) and in the transportation and utilities (PMR 1.4, 99% CI 1.1-1.8) and leisure and hospitality industries (PMR 1.5, 99% CI 1.2-1.9). We found evidence of significant differences in the proportionate distribution of SARS-CoV-2 infection by occupation and industry among respondents in a multistate, population-based survey, highlighting the excess risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection borne by some worker populations, particularly those whose jobs require frequent or prolonged close contact with other people.

Study on the Path of Leisure Sports Tourism to Help Rural Revitalization in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

Leisure sports tourism is both a tourism activity and a sports activity, and belongs to the same broad category of human leisure activities. At the present stage, the integration mode between rural tourism and leisure sports tourism industry tends to be more and more diversified, which to a certain extent provides a good guarantee for the realization of the goal of rural revitalization strategy. As the increasing awareness of people’s sports health, the sports with the aims of health, fitness, ornamental, leisure, competition, and entertainment purposes have quietly emerged, and the advantages of land area and ethnic characteristics of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture have become the highlights of the leisure, sports and tourism industries. By analyzing the path of leisure sports integration into rural tourism and exploring the innovation of leisure sports integration into rural tourism, this paper aims to promote the sustainable development of leisure sports tourism economy in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and provide a reliable guiding basis for the upgrading and transformation of rural leisure sports tourism industry. It makes leisure sports tourism play a role in promoting rural economy and development.

Analysis of mechanical properties enhancement on composites of AA7175 by multi walled carbon nano tube (MWCNT)

Developed to meet the demands of appealing contemporary materials, nanocomposites are polyphase materials that include a matrix and nano-reinforcement. The major types of nanocomposites are as follows. They are categorized as fiber-reinforced nanocomposites, laminar nanocomposites, and particulate nanocomposites based on the reinforcing component, whereas they are classed as metal matrix, ceramic matrix, and polymer matrix nanocomposites based on the matrix ingredient. Due to its advantages over polymer and ceramic matrix, metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs) are the most common type of nanocomposites employed in industrial applications. To improve the physical, mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of conventional materials, nanocomposites are often formed by reinforcing nanoscale tubes, fibres, particles, or sheets. To keep up with technological advancements, drive market changes, and bridge technological gaps by revolutionizing the product, innovative nanocomposites must be used in advanced engineering applications. The high-strength, light-weight aluminium alloy matrix nanocomposites (AMNCs) are able to replace traditional materials to a greater extent in cutting-edge applications including the automotive, aircraft, marine, defense, leisure, and electronic industries. In this study deals with the property enhancement analysis by means of the assistance of Multi Walled Carbon nano tube (MWCNT) nano particles encouragement in AA7175 aluminium alloy. The main focus of this investigation on the tensile related mechanical properties such as tensile strength, percentage of elongation and yield strength. The composites were created with the mass fractions of 5.0 wt%, 4.0 wt%, 3.0 wt%, 2.0 wt% and 1.0 wt% of MWCNT with 95.0 wt%, 96.0 wt%, 97.0 wt%, 98.0 wt% and 99.0 wt% of AA7175 aluminium alloy. These composite mechanical properties were compared with the pure AA7175 aluminium alloy. Among the comparison of these composites values 3.0 wt% of MWCNT produce the greater results on the considered composites. The composite sample recorded high Ultimate Tensile Strength of 431.12 MPa, low Percentage of elongation of 9.58% and high Yield strength of 396.63 MPa.

부산항 북항 지역의 레저·문화·창조관련 해양디자인 적용에 관한 연구

This study takes the redevelopment of Busan Port as the main research background. Firstly, the background of Busan Port is investigated, and a simple statistical introduction is made according to the facility data of Busan Port, and the necessity of port redevelopment is discussed in general. Then the reasons for the decline of old ports are summarized, the types of port redevelopment are analyzed, the historical process of the redevelopment of western ports in the past 50 years is reviewed, and the successful cases of the redevelopment of old ports around the world are summarized and compared.
 The conclusion of this study is that first, since this area is rich in marine culture and resources, cultural characteristics should be strengthened by making the most of these characteristics. Second, the development of the leisure and creative industries must be closely integrated to promote industrial integration and innovation through marine design. At the same time, designers should consider environmental protection and sustainability and create designs that fit real-world local situations and future development needs. Finally, this study is worth referring to the development of the leisure culture creative industry in the northern port of Busan. This point is noteworthy, but it studies the transition from cultural resources to creative industries, potential, and media, pathways, models, and operating mechanisms.

B&B Economy Lights up Rural Revitalization

"Anyuan County is not far away, the scenery is in front of you." Relying on the scenic spot of the Sanbai Mountain National Forest Park, Anyuan County is a vigorously developing tourism, furthermore, it reasonably promotes the development of rural B&B economy, which will add bricks to the road of rural revitalization of it. But at present, the rural B&Bs in Anyuan only rely on repairing houses and Increase beds, which lack of characteristics. Therefore, through the branded growth of B&B, the development of "B&B+" experiential integrated leisure industry, the integration of rural culture construction and propaganda, agriculture and traditional handicrafts, to make the maximum use of existing ecological tourism resources in Anyuan, creating an innovative development path of B&B with temperature and sentiment.

Conformable Inflatable Wings Woven Using a Jacquard Technique

Inflatable wings are of interest for applications where low weight, compact transport volume, and easy set-up are important. Examples are unmanned aerial vehicles with inflatable wings, paragliders and softkites for sport or airborne wind-energy applications. In this paper, a new method of designing and fabricating conformable inflatable wings by Jacquard three-dimensional weaving is presented. Depending on the weaving pattern, plane-parallel, tapered, or even curved structures can be produced. An analytical framework was developed to determine the shapes of pressurized structures produced by Jacquard weaving. Based on this theory, several design patterns suitable for inflatable wings are proposed. It is shown that the structural efficiency of the woven structure is identical to the structural efficiency of a cylinder. To validate the concept, different wing prototypes were built with the methods used for the mass production of airbags. The new method allows for the cost-efficient fabrication of inflatable structures, pressure vessels, and liquid containers with applications in the automotive, aerospace, and leisure industries.

Dynamic spillovers between precious metals and travel & tourism stocks in South-East Asia: do infectious disease outbreaks matter?

The interconnection between travel and leisure industry and precious metals markets has attracted a lot of interest among investors, policy makers, practitioners and market participants. We investigate the role of infectious diseases-based uncertainty on the dynamic connectedness between Southeast Asia travel and tourism stocks indices and four major precious metals namely; gold, silver, palladium, and platinum over the period 31 March 2015 to 5 February 2021. We adopt the time-varying parameter vector autoregressions (TVP-VAR) and the nonparametric causality-in-quantiles approach for its methodological superiority over linear approaches in capturing the presence of causality at different quantiles of the commodity distribution. The following is discernible from our analyses. First, we find strong spillovers between the two markets, implying there are diversification options. Second, silver and platinum are best effective portfolio diversification tools among precious metals. Third, strong evidence of nonlinearity makes it crucial for consideration when examining the role of diseases-based uncertainty in affecting the interactions between travel and tourism stocks and metals markets. Lastly, connectedness between uncertainty due to infectious diseases and the markets is stronger mostly around the lower and normal quantiles. These results have important policy implications for policymakers and market participants.

GLOBALIZATION OF THE HOTEL AND LEISURE INDUSTRY AFTER THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC

The hospitality industry has been greatly affected by Covid 19 pandemic since the first quarter of 2020. Part of it is the hotel and leisure industry which the pandemic caused business closure and loss of jobs. Gaming, adventure parks, tourist destinations, restaurants and other industries have to adhere with the restrictions set by the government during that period. In the year 2021, businesses are slowly returning to its operation and the hotel and leisure industry are among them. Following the strict implementation of Inter Agency Task Force (IATF), food establishments strategized on how to cope up with limitations and with numerous rules and policies being implemented like sanitization, social distancing, and vaccination requirements to ensure the safety of everyone. Enabling out the restrictions for the economy to function, hotel and leisure industry is gradually moving out of the depression caused by the pandemic. For this reason, it is deemed necessary to explore the globalization opportunities that the hotel and leisure industry could looked into in its recovery from the damage caused by the Covid 19 pandemic. This paper utilized the qualitative design using secondary data which identify the globalization’s evolution and strengths as well as effects and opportunities in the hotel and leisure industry. The data gathered are anchored with the globalization theory that dealt with economic, trade, environment and socio-economic aspects. It points out that the advent of technology brought by the globalization increases competition. More so, modern technology implored in hotel and leisure industry to reach its people with ease become predominant like the artificial technology. With the advent of technology and globalization, it is safe to say that hotel and leisure industry is regaining its position in the global market.

Obzor razvitiya industrii sporta, fitnesa i dosuga v Kitae v ramkah programmy «Zdorovyj Kitaj»

The rapid development of Chinese society has provided the masses for conditions, that have contributed to the development of the sports, fitness and leisure industries. The innovation of the governance model is carefully analyzed, and finally, relevant countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in the long run. The paper will clearly put forward “new tasks for promoting the construction of a healthy China" and officially upgraded “Healthy China" to a one policy and in June 2016, the State Council issued the “National Fitness Plan" (2016-2020).

Sustainability and the Thoroughbred Breeding and Racing Industries: An Enhanced One Welfare Perspective.

As society debates the use of animals in sport, entertainment, and leisure, there is an increasing focus on the welfare, social, and ecological impacts of such activities on the animals, human participants, people close to them, and the physical environment. This article introduces the "Enhanced One Welfare Framework" to reveal significant costs and benefits associated with Thoroughbred breeding and racing globally. In addition, relative to calls to ban horseracing and similar activities as part of sustainability approaches that focus chiefly on animals, the "Enhanced One Welfare Framework" is better positioned politically to guide discussions that renegotiate the conditions under which horses are used for sport and the impact racing has on humans and the planet. In 2020, the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities issued its minimum horse welfare standards based on the Five Domains model, positioning lifelong horse welfare as "fundamentally important to the viability and sustainability of the industry". In this article, we critique the One Welfare framework's historic lack of focus on sport and enhance it by including sport, leisure, and entertainment and framing it within the Five Domains model. We offer a novel extension of the Five Domains model beyond animal welfare to consider human welfare and the physical environmental impacts of the sport, leisure, and entertainment industries and propose innovations that may help thoroughbred breeding and racing assure a sustainable future.

Industry insights and post pandemic practices for entrepreneurship and innovation in leisure

ABSTRACT This article explores how leisure organisations developed entrepreneurial practices to enable innovation for the post-covid-19 pandemic era. Whilst entrepreneurship and innovation have been the subject of academic scrutiny in mainstream sport, there is a relative paucity of studies within the broader holistic context of leisure. Semi-structured interviews, conducted in the United Kingdom (UK), provide insights from nine high profile, globally recognised industry practitioners from across the leisure industry including the sport, entertainment, health and fitness, leisure, hospitality, arts and culture, events and tourism sectors. Four key themes emerged from the data including extending capabilities through (i) research and development (R&D) and (ii) digitalisation, and changing culture through (iii) diversification, and (iv) sustainability. These practices were shown to enable leisure organisations to create new customer value within an increasingly competitive environment. The paper concludes with an overview of theoretical and managerial implications and provides approaches for developing more entrepreneurial practices in leisure.

Nexus Between Travel & Leisure Stocks and Uncertainties: An Extreme Risk Spillover Analysis

The paper examines the presence of risk spillover to the US travel & leisure industry from the extreme changes in the uncertainties. More specifically, using a time-varying copula based conditional Value-at-Risk (CoVaR) framework, we evaluate the dynamic impact of the uncertainties on the extreme risk of the US travel & leisure industry by taking into consideration the uncertainty in economic policy, equity market conditions, and crude oil prices. The findings indicate a significant dynamic inverse relationship between the returns of travel & leisure industry and changes in uncertainty variables. The results further indicate the stronger sensitivity of the travel & leisure industry toward the uncertainties in financial market and crude oil prices. We find significant evidence of extreme upside and downside risk spillover to the US travel & leisure industry from excessive downward and upward changes in uncertainties respectively. The findings also demonstrate the asymmetric effect of extreme movements in uncertainty factors on the tail risk of the US travel & leisure industry. The findings of the study have ramifications for risk managers, portfolio managers and investors.

Construction and Empirical Analysis of High-Quality Development Evaluation System of Recreational Fisheries in China to Promote the Development of Health Care and Leisure Industry

Abstract To establish an evaluation system for the high-quality development of China’s recreational fisheries, this paper will cover five aspects: the construction of leisure environments, efficient resource allocation, economic structure optimization, infrastructure improvement, and high-quality project cultivation. In this paper, the entropy weighting method is used to measure the subsystem and comprehensive level of recreational fisheries in 29 provinces of China during 2018. The results show that there are different subsystem levels for the high-quality development of recreational fisheries in different provinces, and the comprehensive level of high-quality development of recreational fisheries presents the characteristics of the spatial pattern of declining gradients in the eastern, central, and western regions. The Chinese government should consider both the advantages and disadvantages of the high-quality development of recreational fisheries in different provinces to plan the path for further high-quality development of these fisheries, giving priority to the improvement and perfection of the backward subsystem level and promoting the high-quality development level of recreational fisheries in the central and western provinces of China through the regional coordination interactive policy.

Firm characteristics and corporate governance internal mechanism in intellectual capital disclosures of leisure industries in Indonesia and Thailand

Firm characteristics and corporate governance internal mechanism in intellectual capital disclosures of leisure industries in Indonesia and Thailand