Lederle Laboratories Research Articles

TREATMENT OF VARIOUS INFECTIONS WITH PENICILLIN X, WITH A PRELIMINARY NOTE ON THE VALUE OF PENICILLIN X IN SCARLET FEVER

Article1 July 1946TREATMENT OF VARIOUS INFECTIONS WITH PENICILLIN X, WITH A PRELIMINARY NOTE ON THE VALUE OF PENICILLIN X IN SCARLET FEVERHAROLD L. HIRSH, M.D., HARRY F. DOWLING, M.D., F.A.C.P., LEWIS K. SWEET, M.D.HAROLD L. HIRSH, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, HARRY F. DOWLING, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, LEWIS K. SWEET, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-25-1-78 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPenicillin X is a fraction obtained from cultures of the same mold (Penicillium notatum) which produces penicillin G (or "regular" penicillin). It differs from penicillin G in the method by which it is extracted, and is usually found more abundantly in flask-grown penicillin. We have tested the relative sensitivity of various bacteria to penicillin X and penicillin G and have found that two to 16 times as much penicillin G is required as penicillin X, unit for unit, to kill many bacteria in vitro. The details of this study will be published elsewhere. Other investigators1-3have reported similar results. In...Bibliography1. WELCHPUTNAMRANDALLHERWICK HLEWARP: Penicillin X: Successful treatment of gonorrhea with a single intramuscular injection, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1944, cxxvi, 1024. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. ORYMEADSFINLAND EMMM: Penicillin X: Comparison with penicillin G with respect to sensitivity of pathogenic organisms and serum levels, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1945, cxxix, 257. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. LIBBYHOLMBERG RLNL: The activity of penicillin G and X in vitro, Science, 1945, cii, 303. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. HIRSHDOWLING HLHF: Observations on the continuous intramuscular method of administering penicillin, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1945, ccx, 435. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. WELCHPRICECHANDLER HCWVL: Prolonged blood concentrations after oral administration of modified penicillin, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1945, cxxviii, 845. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. SWEETLEPPER LKMH: Acute serous meningitis in scarlet fever, Jr. Pediat., 1944, xxiv, 295. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. MEADSFLIPSEBARNESFINLAND MMEMWM: Penicillin treatment of scarlet fever, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1945, ccxxiv, 785. CrossrefGoogle Scholar8. DOWLINGHIRSH HFHL: The inability of penicillin to inactivate streptococcus erythrogenic toxin. To be published. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Washington, D. C.*Received for publication November 26, 1945.From the George Washington Medical Division and the Pediatric and Infectious Disease Service, Gallinger Municipal Hospital, and the Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, George Washington University.†Supplied by Lederle Laboratories, Inc., Pearl River, New York. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBibliography*A comparison of “symptomatic treatment,” gamma globulin, and penicillin in the treatment of scarlet feverA Comparative Study of Penicillins X and G and Crystalline Penicillin G 1 July 1946Volume 25, Issue 1Page: 78-87KeywordsBacteriaHospital medicineInfectious diseasesPenicillinRiversScarlet fever ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1946 PDF downloadLoading ...

Antitoxin Titers Following Immunization with Protamine-Precipitated Diphtheria Toxoid

Antitoxin Titers Following Immunization with Protamine-Precipitated Diphtheria Toxoid Victor Ross, Frances L. Clapp, and Bertha W. Schimpf CopyRight*A grant to Columbia University from Lederle Laboratories, Inc., in support of this investigation, is gratefully acknowledged. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.36.6.645 Published Online: August 29, 2011

Folic Acid in the Nutrition of Certain Insects

WE have recently shown1 that the caterpillars of the flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella, grow slowly on a purified diet in which all the known vitamins of the B-complex are provided in pure substance. The length of the larval stage is about 7–8 weeks, as compared with 5–6 weeks on a diet which contains yeast or yeast extract. A preparation of dried grass juice (Cerophyl Laboratories) was found to be an excellent source of the missing factor which, in its relations to charcoal, seemed to behave like folic acid2. It was adsorbed on norrite at pH 3 and was contained in the eluate, but not in the filtrate. We later obtained synthetic folic acid (Lederle Laboratories)3 and established that this is the missing factor. On a purified diet, with folic acid, most of the larvæ pupated after 5–6 weeks ; whereas without folic acid they mostly died and none pupated before the eighth week. The minimal optimal requirements seem to be about 2 µgm./gm. of the dry diet, that is, of the order of the riboflavin requirements of another insect, Tribolium confusum. We have also some evidence that crystalline vitamin Bc (Parke Davis and Co.)4 has a similar, if not identical, effect as folic acid.

Essentials of Histology

Essentials of Histology. Get access Hayfever Plants, Their Appearance, Distribution, Time of Flowering, and their Role in Hayfever, with Special Reference to North America. By Wodehoose Roger P., PH.D., and Bevelander Gerrit, PH.D., Associate Director of Research in Allergy, Lederle Laboratories, Pearl River, N. Y. Cloth. Pp. 271. S4.75. Waltham, Mass., The Chronica Botanica Co., New York City: G.E. Stechert & Co. 1945. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 15, Issue 11, 1 November 1945, Page 553, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/15.11.553 Published: 01 November 1945

THE USE OF THIOURACIL IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH HYPERTHYROIDISM

Excerpt HISTORICAL REVIEW The origin of the use of thiouracil in the treatment of hyperthyroidism stems from the past studies of the mechanism of the production of experimental goiter. During the c...

Hay fever plants. Their appearance, distribution, time of flowering and their rôle in hay fever, with special reference to North America. By Roger P. Wodehouse, Ph.D., Associate Director of Research in Allergy, Lederle Laboratories, Pear River, N. Y. Published by Chronica Botanica Co., Waltham, Mass.: New York, G. E. Stechert and Co. 1945. Two hundred forty‐five pages. Price $4.75

The LaryngoscopeVolume 55, Issue 8 p. 463-463 Book Review Hay fever plants. Their appearance, distribution, time of flowering and their rôle in hay fever, with special reference to North America. By Roger P. Wodehouse, Ph.D., Associate Director of Research in Allergy, Lederle Laboratories, Pear River, N. Y. Published by Chronica Botanica Co., Waltham, Mass.: New York, G. E. Stechert and Co. 1945. Two hundred forty-five pages. Price $4.75 First published: August 1945 https://doi.org/10.1288/00005537-194508000-00006Citations: 7AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume55, Issue8August 1945Pages 463-463 RelatedInformation

The Processing of Blood Plasma

On December 7, 1941, the fact that only 750 pints of plasma were available for 960 Pearl Harbor casualties shocked the country into the realization of its value and need. The obtaining of blood donations from citizens was taken over on a national basis by the American Red Cross, and so efficiently has this part of the project functioned that quotas have been exceeded all along. Dried blood plasma is not an overnight miracle, but the result of years of observation and experimentation. New techniques enable Lederle Laboratories to process a large daily intake of donated blood. ...

Pertussis Antitoxin: Its Relationship to Protection in Actively and Passively Immunized Mice and Rabbits

Journal Article Pertussis Antitoxin: Its Relationship to Protection in Actively and Passively Immunized Mice and Rabbits Get access Anne G. Ospeck, Anne G. Ospeck From Lederle Laboratories, Inc., Pearl River, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Merritt E. Roberts Merritt E. Roberts From Lederle Laboratories, Inc., Pearl River, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, January 1944, Pages 22–31, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/74.1.22 Published: 01 January 1944 Article history Received: 22 July 1943 Published: 01 January 1944

A QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF RATE OP DESTRUCTION OP AN ACHEOMOBACTER SP. BY FREEZING1

Journal of Food ScienceVolume 8, Issue 4 p. 323-326 A QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF RATE OP DESTRUCTION OP AN ACHEOMOBACTER SP. BY FREEZING1 J. S. Kiser, J. S. Kiser *Biological Research Institute, San Diego, and Department of Bacteriology, University of California, Los Angeles, California Lederle Laboratories, Pearl River, N. Y.Search for more papers by this author J. S. Kiser, J. S. Kiser *Biological Research Institute, San Diego, and Department of Bacteriology, University of California, Los Angeles, California Lederle Laboratories, Pearl River, N. Y.Search for more papers by this author First published: July 1943 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1943.tb18008.xCitations: 7 1 This work was made possible by an Ellen Browning Scripps Fellowship. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume8, Issue4July 1943Pages 323-326 RelatedInformation

THE EFFECT OF A VITAMIN B COMPLEX ON THE RESIDUAL NEURAL DISTURBANCES OF TREATED PERNICIOUS ANEMIA

Article1 July 1941THE EFFECT OF A VITAMIN B COMPLEX ON THE RESIDUAL NEURAL DISTURBANCES OF TREATED PERNICIOUS ANEMIAJ. C. ZILLHARDT, ISABEL HOWARD, WILLIAM P. MURPHYJ. C. ZILLHARDTSearch for more papers by this author, ISABEL HOWARDSearch for more papers by this author, WILLIAM P. MURPHYSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-15-1-44 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptUpon completion of the study of the effect of thiamin on the residual neural disturbances of treated pernicious anemia the experiment was repeated under the same conditions using a vitamin B complex. A group of 13 patients was used in this work. As with the individuals treated in the aforementioned study, neurological manifestations were present at the time the diagnosis of pernicious anemia was first made. With adequate liver therapy there was improvement of the neural disturbances. This improvement had tapered off to a more or less stationary level and there remained neural signs and symptoms that neither improved nor... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication March 30, 1940.From the Medical Clinic of the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital.†Furnished by Lederle Laboratories, Inc. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1941Volume 15, Issue 1Page: 44-44KeywordsB vitaminsHospitalsLiverPernicious anemiaSigns and symptomsThiamine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1941 PDF downloadLoading ...

A Quantitative Study of the Ramon Diphtheria Flocculation Reaction

Summary An absolute quantitative method for the titration of diphtheria toxin and antitoxin, similar to that used by Heidelberger and his co-workers for the precipitin reaction, has been described. The results demonstrate once more that toxin and antitoxin unite in more than one proportion. An explanation of the Danysz phenomenon is given in these terms. Estimated values for the amount of toxin nitrogen per Lf unit, obtained from six titrations, varied between 0.00042 and 0.00048 mgm. nitrogen per Lf, regardless of the purity of the toxin and antitoxin preparations used. The maximum antitoxic antibody nitrogen precipitable from 300 units of antitoxin, either as whole sera or ammonium sulfate concentrates, is approximately 0.47 or 0.0016 mgm. per unit. One highly opalescent concentrated antitoxin gave a somewhat higher figure and a sample of concentrated and purified “globulin-modified” antitoxin from the Lederle Laboratories gave a lower figure. The equivalence or neutral zone lies between 0.5 and 1.4 Lf units of toxin per unit of antitoxin. The ratio of antitoxin nitrogen to toxin nitrogen is about 7.0 at the antitoxin end of the neutral zone, about 3.5 at the flocculation point and about 2.5 in the region of toxin excess. The flocculation reaction is closely analogous to the precipitin reaction but differs from it in that flocculation occurs only in the immediate neighborhood of the equivalence zone. The results calculated from these experiments are not expected to undergo significant change even though purer toxins and antitoxins may be used, provided that the purification process does not cause a splitting or degradation of the toxin or antitoxin molecules.

PARENTERAL LIVER THERAPY IN PERNICIOUS ANEMIA: OBSERVATIONS COVERING TWO YEARS OF CONTINUED USE

Article1 March 1934PARENTERAL LIVER THERAPY IN PERNICIOUS ANEMIA: OBSERVATIONS COVERING TWO YEARS OF CONTINUED USEJOSEPH E. CONNERY, M.D., LEONARD J. GOLDWATER, M.D.JOSEPH E. CONNERY, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, LEONARD J. GOLDWATER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-7-9-1117 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe literature on the parenteral use of liver extract in the treatment of pernicious anemia was extensively reviewed by Conner1in 1932 and subsequently by others. In the main, except for the recent contributions of Murphy2and of Isaacs,3the reports which have so far appeared in the literature have to do with the parenteral use of liver extract over relatively short periods of time. In most instances the observations reported cover the effects of this form of treatment during the period of exacerbation, and therefore deal with parenteral liver therapy as an agent in the induction of remissions. It...Bibliography1. CONNER HM: Injection of liver extract in the treatment of pernicious anemia, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1932, xcix, 614-620. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. MURPHY WP: Maintenance of normal blood in pernicious anemia by means of intramuscular injections of a solution of liver extract, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1933, clxxxvi, 271-277. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. ISAACSSTURGESGOLDHAMERBETHELL RCCSMFH: Use of liver extract intravenously in the treatment of pernicious anemia, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1933, c, 629-633. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. COHNMINOTFULTONULRICHSSARGENTWEAREMURPHY EJGRJFHFFCJHWP: The nature of the material in liver effective in pernicious anemia, Jr. Biol. Chem., 1927, lxxiv, p. lxix-lxxii. Google Scholar5. Solution liver extract parenteral, N. N. R., made by the Lederle Laboratories, Inc., New York. Google Scholar6. CONNERYGOLDWATER JELJ: Parenteral use of liver extract in treatment of pernicious anemia, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1932, xcviii, 1060-1067. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication October 19, 1933.From the Department of Medicine, University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York University, and the Third (New York University) Medical Division of Bellevue Hospital.†Prepared by the Lederle Laboratories, New York. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDauerbehandlung der Perniziösen Anämie mit „Pernaemyl Forte“ 1 March 1934Volume 7, Issue 9Page: 1117-1121KeywordsHospital medicineLiverPernicious anemia Issue Published: 1 March 1934 PDF downloadLoading ...

PROTEST AGAINST THE CIRCULARIZATION OF A SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE

To the Editor: —I feel it my duty to inform the readers ofThe Journalof an unusual proceeding in which the Lederle Antitoxin Laboratories of New York took part. I gladly gave the Lederle Laboratories permission to reprint my paper, entitled The Treatment of Seasonal Hay-Fever and Some Possible Causes of Failure, which appeared inThe Journal, May 5, 1923. During the last week of May and the first week of June, reprints of my paper were sent by the Lederle Laboratories to the profession throughout the country. A card of advertisement of their products was, also, enclosed. It is noteworthy that the customary statement that the article was reprinted through the courtesy of the author was omitted. Without my knowledge and without authority, my name and address were printed in the upper left hand corner of the envelop. This gave the impression that I personally caused to be

FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON OPSONINS IN NORMAL AND PATHOLOGIC SERA.

The following observations represent a summary of most of the work which has been done under my direction since June, 1906. The more definitely planned portion, carried on in Professor Hiss' laboratory at the College of Physicians and Surgeons (Columbia) from Dec. 1, 1906, to April 30, 1907, was made possible by a grant from the Commission for Investigating Respiratory Diseases of the New York Department of Health, to whom I wish here to acknowledge my sincere thanks. The remainder comes from the Lederle Laboratories and from the laboratory of the Private Hospital Association. I have also included some of the results of Dr. Krumwiede's and my observations at the French Hospital, a detailed report of which will be published elsewhere. Drs. Bradley, Hopkins, Avery and Young have performed the details of the technic, and for five months we have had the advantage of Dr. Chas. E. North's direction, advice