Land Lease Research Articles

Factors Influencing the Profitability of Agricultural Cooperative Members: Case of Tuzamurane Cyeza Cooperative, Muhanga District, Rwanda

This study aimed to examine the influential factors that lead to the profitability of Tuzamurane Cyeza Cooperative members in Muhanga District, Rwanda. The assessment was carried out with a survey method using 120 respondents who were selected using purposive sampling. The respondents comprised 60 cooperative members and 60 non-cooperative members who were maize farmers, while 6 local leaders and staff of Tuzamurane Cyeza Cooperative were used as key informants. Data were then collected using questionnaires and interviews, followed by assessment using profitability calculation and multiple regression analysis. The assessment was carried out to analyze the effect of the independent variables (price of maize seeds, price of fertilizers, price of pesticides, wage of labor, maize production, and land lease price) on the dependent variable (the profitability of cooperative members of Tuzamurane Cyeza). The results showed that the profitability of 60 members was 13.8%, while a value of 4.9% was obtained for non-cooperative members. The value of the F-Critical (2.26) was less than the F-calculated (7.200) and the P-value (0.009) was below the significant level (0.05). This showed that the model developed in this study could be used in predicting the contribution of independent variables to the dependent variable. This study also showed that 1 coefficient (maize production) had a positive relationship with Tuzamurane Cyeza Cooperative members, while 5 coefficients (price of maize seeds, price of fertilizers, price of pesticides, wages of labor, land lease price) had an inverse association. Based on the results, all independent variables had an impact on the profitability.

TINJAUAN HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH TERHADAP SEWA MENYEWA TANAH SECARA BERUNTUN DI DESA TAMAN SARI KECAMATAN GUNUNG SARI KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT

This study aims to explain the practice of consecutive land leases in Taman Sari Village, Central Lombok Regency in the perspective of Islamic economic law. The research method used in this study is field research with a qualitative approach. While the research findings, In practice, consecutive land leases carried out by land owners and tenants are carried out directly with an unwritten agreement pattern, but only verbally. In the event that an agreement has been made and mutually agreed upon, the tenant has the right to use the land according to his wishes with a period of time that has been mutually agreed upon. While the principle of ijarah (rent) in Islam. When the lease period ends, the land that has been used will automatically return to the landowner without redemption or payment of the rental fee that has been issued by the tenant being returned. The tenant is also not allowed to re-rent goods that are not his own to other people.

О некоторых проблемах защиты прав арендатора при установлении публичного сервитута

This article examines the problematic issues that arise when establishing a public easement for a leased land plot. The establishment of a public easement may affect the tenant's ability to use the land for its intended purpose in accordance with the terms of the lease. The current legislation does not provide for special mechanisms to protect the rights of the tenant in such a situation. The authors analyze judicial practice in which the courts recognize the tenant's right to file a claim challenging the establishment of a public easement. An individual place in the study is occupied by the issues of payment for a public easement and notification of the establishment of such an easement.

Social Structure of Murghab Sovereign’s Estate (1889—1912): Plans and Reality

This study aims to explore the relationship between the economic development of the Murghab Sovereign’s Estate, established in 1897, and its social structure. The primary sources of this article are reports from the Bayramali Police Administration and accompanying statistical data from the years 1909 to 1912. Inductive analysis and synthesis of the factual data demonstrate that the capitalist relations emerging within the economy of the Murghab Estate had a significant direct impact on its social structure and the sociocultural everyday life of its inhabitants. It is noted that these natural capitalist tendencies were regulated by the Estate Administration in accordance with their objectives. With access to substantial irrigated lands, the Administration altered the conditions of land leasing, transitioning towards long-term leases with smallholder producers while reducing the proportion of tenants employing laborers. These smallholder tenants were intended to form the backbone of the estate’s social structure. Concurrently, the rules governing rental payments were modified, rendering them inconvenient for larger tenants. The infrastructure being developed within the estate was aligned with the needs of its population and the objectives set forth for the estate.

Land operations of agribusiness: risk indicators for the auditor

The aim of the study: justification of the organizational and methodological provisions of the audit of land operations of agribusiness enterprises. Gaps in the accounting provision of agribusiness lands have been identified (information is accumulated mainly on the off-balance sheet account 01; the inventory and assessment of land as a market asset are at the initial stage of development), the audit of land transactions is very relevant. It is a means of protecting the economic interests of land owners and a means of strengthening the information security of potential investors.A description of the auditor’s inspection of agribusiness lands was made. The methods and indicators of the auditor’s detection of illegal schemes and procedures for obtaining ownership or use of land are described. The need to extend the scope of audit to lease operations is substantiated. This is necessary because the formation of leased land use in Ukraine took place in the absence of a competitive environment for potential tenants. This led to unfair lease terms. Currently, the rent, in most cases, does not protect the economic interests of the landowners. Most of the contracts provide for its possible minimum amount. Services of not the highest consumer value are performed at the expense of rent, and grain is issued at prices higher than market prices. It has been proven that the audit of land transactions will also be important for strengthening the tax discipline of agribusiness entities. Recommended procedures: checking the completeness of calculation and timeliness of payment of the single tax of group 4 on leased and subleased land; verification of liability with the Personal Income Tax on income in the form of rent; checking the calculation and payment of the minimum tax liability.

How Does Agricultural Land Lease Policy Affect Agricultural Carbon Emission? Evidence of Carbon Reduction Through Decreasing Transaction Costs in the Context of Heterogeneous Efficiency

Given the increasing environmental pressures, it is essential that agriculture achieves the goal of sustainable and low-carbon development. In 2010, China, as the top carbon emitter, introduced a policy on agricultural land lease (ALL), which has been met with considerable approval from farmers and has resulted in a notable surge in the rate of ALL within the country. Nevertheless, the question of how the ALL policy affects agricultural carbon emissions (ACEs) remains unanswered. What are the transmission mechanisms? To answer these questions, this paper presents an equilibrium model that accounts for the heterogeneous production efficiency among farmers. It offers a theoretical analysis of the impact of ALL policy on agricultural carbon emission reduction (ACER) and presents an empirical test of this impact using a difference-in-differences (DID) model. Our research shows that the ALL policy gives impetus to ACER. This conclusion persists even after conducting the robustness and endogeneity tests. The mechanism posits that the policy achieves ACER through reducing the proportion of rural agricultural employees. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the policy effect is significant in both the northern and southern regions of China. Nonetheless, the effect is only observable in economically developed areas, regions with high chemical fertilizer application rates, and areas with restricted agricultural progress. This study elucidates the connection between land transfer and agricultural carbon emissions, offering empirical evidence to support the advancement of green and low-carbon agricultural development.

A study on determinants of land leasing in Mysore district, Karnataka state, India

A study on determinants of land leasing in Mysore district, Karnataka state, India

The Complexities of Annual Reserved Land Leasing in Indonesia: Insights From A Specific Local Context

The Complexities of Annual Reserved Land Leasing in Indonesia: Insights From A Specific Local Context

Cultural reinvention or cultural erasure? A study on rural gentrification, land leasing, and cultural change

Gentrification has become a major force in shaping rural China, but less understood is why the processes and outcomes of gentrification vary so much from village to village. There is a growing academic interest in rural gentrification, but most of this research treats land primarily as an economic variable, while the cultural aspect of rural gentrification has also not been fully discussed. Based on a comparative study of tourism-led rural gentrification and charity-led rural gentrification, this paper explores the interrelationships among rural gentrification, land leasing and cultural change. It finds that during the process of gentrification, both villages undergo cultural changes characterised by aestheticisation, commercialisation and segregation. However, while Bei Village experiences disconnection from the land and cultural erasure due to tourism-led gentrification driven by private interests, Nan Village benefits from reconnection with the land and cultural reinvention supported by charity-led gentrification with a focus on the public good. The differences between the two villages are closely linked to the drivers of gentrification, cultural attitudes, spatial rent gap, and the different roles of local government. This study highlights the need to carefully examine the primary drivers of gentrification in different rural areas, while recognising land as a crucial cultural element beyond its economic, property and livelihood aspects.

Open Data for Transparency of Government Tenders: A State Analysis in Croatian Agriculture Land Lease

State-owned agricultural land is an asset that the state must manage in a responsible and transparent manner. Agricultural land is extremely important for farmers as it enables them to carry out agricultural activities. Due to its importance to farmers, it is often the subject of debate as stakeholders are often dissatisfied with the allocation and management of state-owned agricultural land. Qualitative research of the process of state agricultural land lease and the associated legislation in the Republic of Croatia enabled the analysis of the existing business model, with the results pointing to shortcomings in the Initial and Evaluation phases of the process. A steady rise in the number of tenders published in 2015–2022 was recorded. Local administrative units in the Continental region scored higher than those in the Adriatic region (both cities and municipalities) in terms of transparency. Unfortunately, the response rate from the local authorities was below 50% across both region and unit, further indicating low transparency. Based on the findings, a proposal of changes in the tendering process was made utilizing a digital platform as an environment for all stakeholders, which provides functionalities essential for the transparent implementation of tenders for the agricultural land lease in Croatia.

Addressing the Impediments to the Perfection of Land Title in Nigeria: A Comparative Discourse with England

Land is an essential natural resource endowed by nature and deposited all over the world for the survival and well-being of humanity. In Nigeria, land control is vested in each federation state's Governor. The Federal Government controls the ownership and exploitation of mineral deposits irrespective of where the mineral deposits may be located. There is often contention about the rights of individual citizens, families, and communities in land ownership. The question of trespassing has often been a subject of litigation in Nigerian courts for decades with the advent of commerce and trade. The primary objective of this article is to examine land ownership, land allocation, and how the certificate of occupancy and Governor's consent affect land ownership, lease, and purchase of land in Nigeria. This article proffers solutions to issues arising in Nigerians’ right to ownership of land. The methodology adopted in this article is essentially doctrinal, using primary sources such as law reports and statutes. The article also refers to secondary sources such as law textbooks, newspapers, and internet materials. It recommends comprehensive reforms toward easing land acquisition and minimising the incidence of trespass to land in Nigeria.

Tithe, One-Fifth, One-Third, One-Half: Preliminary Notes On The Wider Scope of Agrarian Relations in Ottoman Bosnia in the Classic Period

Thus far, in dealing with the issue of agrarian relations in 16th-century Otto- man Bosnia the focus has been on the miri land regime, that is, on the state ownership, with a concession made for a different type like the vakıf or mülk land. Some attention was occasionally paid to phenomena such as land lease in the early phase, lump-sum paying, and gradual spread of çiftliks as an occurrence that was running against the classic regime and the like. Thereby a simple fact was overlooked, i.e., the “silent”, but necessary presence of a kind of relationship that must have coexisted with the miri regime without contradicting it. This was the very important fact rooted in the question of the volume of agrarian output, mainly the grain. From village to village the grain to people ratio was uneven: sometimes there was enough per capita, but often it was much above or much below the needs of the community as expressed by the social minimum. Here opens the possibility of taking the “surplus” in the shape of a rate higher than the tithe (or one eight) on the basis of private agreement, outside the scope of the Sacred Law. In order to present this matter in broader outline a comparison was necessary with other parts of the Empire (East Central Anatolia, Southern Syria and Palestine) where rates up to one half of the produce were in vigor according to local regulations with religious approval. The apparently diametrically opposite to each other, the two ap- proaches had still much in common “here” and “there”.

The impact of local government’s environmental attention on industrial land leasing intervention in urban China

The impact of local government’s environmental attention on industrial land leasing intervention in urban China

Світогляд, ментальність і побажання уманських селян напередодні нового, 1906 року (за матеріалами наради Центрального губернського комітету в м. Києві 21 груд- ня 1905 р.)

The purpose of this study is to characterize the social attitudes of Ukrainian peasantry at the end of 1905 based on historical sources and scholarly literature. The research methodology is based on general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, principles of historicism, comprehensiveness, systematicity, interdisciplinarity, as well as specific historical methods, including historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-typological, content analysis, and historical-systemic methods. The scientific novelty lies in the use of a little-known historical source the materials from the Central Provincial Committee meeting on December 21, 1905, in Kyiv and scholarly literature to characterize the mental orientations shaping the social attitudes of Ukrainian peasantry in December 1905. Conclusions. The analysis of the meeting materials enabled an exploration of the peculiarities of the Ukrainian peasantry's mentality and attitudes during the First Russian Revolution. Some farmers expressed support for the tsarist autocracy, while others advocated for peasant self-governance without the involvement of officials and police. Relationships with other social and ethnic groups were shaped by mental orientations, with the peasant ideal rooted in physical labour on one’s own land. Thus, redistribution of state, landowner, and church lands was seen as a means to address the land question. As Jews did not engage in direct agricultural labour but instead, in the peasants’ view, conducted "undesirable" activities (such as trade and land leasing), a negative attitude ("collective shadow") formed, with peasants denying them the right to land ownership.

Division and spin-off as legal forms of disaggregation of economic organizations

The article highlights the issues of division and spin-off as legal forms of disaggregation of economic organisations, provides legal regulation of these forms in Ukraine, the EU, foreign countries (Germany, Poland) and the relevant analysis of court practice. The author identifies the general (common) features of division and spin-off of economic organisations according to the following criteria: subject composition, purpose, legal form of disaggregation, basis for legal relations; documentation of property transfer, rights and obligations; universal legal succession; and subsidiary liability. The author distinguishes special (distinctive) features of division and spin-off of economic entities according to the following criteria: legal result; legal consequences; and the moment of procedure completion. It is substantiated that it is advisable to regulate the basic concepts and essential characteristics of disaggregation of economic organisations by means of division and spin-off in the Commercial Code of Ukraine or, in the future, in the Economic Code of Ukraine. In this regard, the author provides the wording of the relevant definitions of division and spin-off, which is proposed to be enshrined in parts 4 and 5 of Article 59¹ ‘Termination of an Economic Organization by Reorganisation’. It is found that the analysis of court practice regarding the essence of reorganisation in the form of spin-off shows a difference in approaches, which are fundamentally opposite in nature, when: (1) spin-off is not recognised as a type of termination or reorganisation of a legal entity; (2) spin-off is defined as a form of reorganisation of a legal entity. The author proves that such ambiguity of court practice affects the consideration of a case on the merits, in particular, when changing the subject composition in land lease agreements in the event of a lessee's reorganisation by way of spin-off. The author proposes, taking into account the legislation of foreign countries (Germany and Poland) and EU law, to introduce the following legal forms and constructions into the current legislation of Ukraine: (1) ‘division by acquisition’ (simultaneous use of the forms of division and accession), (2) ‘spin-off by acquisition’ (simultaneous use of the forms of spin-off and accession); (3) ‘separation’ (for JSC, LLC, ALC) - by the formation of a new company and by acquisition.

Factors influencing farmer willingness to plant forage triticale in winter fallow fields in Northern China: An example from central Shanxi Province

AbstractBackgroundUsing winter fallow fields for plant forage is important to ensure food security. Forage triticale (× Triticosecale) has higher yields than other available forage crops and can be planted widely in winter fallow fields. Recently, the planted area of forage triticale in Shanxi Province, China, has exceeded 3500 ha; however, problems such as low farmer willingness to plant (WTP) winter forage still remain.MethodsA total of 219 farmers were surveyed in Taiyuan, Lvliang, and Jinzhong. We analyzed the factors influencing farmer WTP forage triticale, focusing on personal, family, land, and cognition characteristics. We used a binary logistic regression model to quantify the influence of various factors on farmer behavior and conducted a robustness check and heterogeneity analysis.Results“Age” was negatively correlated with farmer WTP—farmers 50 years of age and older showed less WTP. “Land lease situation” was also negatively correlated with WTP. Factors that positively correlated with WTP were “land areas,” “raising of livestock,” “size of labor force,” and “development prospect.”ConclusionsMany farmers are over 50 years of age, land lessors, and have low WTP winter forage. Farmers who raise livestock and have large labor forces, huge land areas, and good cultivation prospects have a high WTP. This study identifies the factors influencing farmers' WTP to assist in the development of the forage triticale industry in the study region, improving land resource utilization and efficiency. The findings are likely to have wider relevance and application.

Impact of SEEFOR-Fadama Project on Poverty Alleviation of Rural Women of Rivers State Nigeria

This study assessed the impact of the SEEFOR project on the poverty alleviation of indigenous women of Rivers State, Nigeria. The socio-economic characteristics of the rural women were described, impact of the project on assets ownership and income of women were assessed and the effect of the project on the rural women’s socio-economic status was determined. A null hypothesis stating that, there is no significant difference in the income of the rural women before and after participating in the project was tested. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed for data collection. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 238 rural women. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data collected. Results showed that a majority (79%) of the women were farmers, had small enterprises (72.7%), had 11 years of experience, 74% used leased land for business, only 5% had access to a credit facility, all (100%) were members of a cooperative society, 64.7% were co-contributors with husband for family upkeep. There was a positive 48.3% and 44.5% increment in the number of women who owned assets such as a good house and television after the project respectively. It was found that there was a 72.35% increase in the mean monthly income of rural women. Generally, the project improved the living condition of the rural women. The perceived effects of the project on women’s socio-economic status were; increased decision-making power at home (3.88) and improvement in the contribution of children’s education/community development (3.87). The study concludes, that the project has relatively reduced the poverty of rural women in the study area as there was a significant increment (72.35%) in the monthly income of the women. It was recommended that policies should be put in place to enhance women’s access to credit facilities and that more projects designed at alleviating poverty in Rivers State should target rural women

The Impact of Land Leasing and Farm Partnership on Community Economics

The Impact of Land Leasing and Farm Partnership on Community Economics

Investigating the Impact of Public Services on Rental Prices in Chinese Super Cities Based on Interpretable Machine Learning

In China, approximately 20% of the permanent population are renters, with 91% of leased land concentrated in first-tier and new first-tier cities. Education and healthcare are primary concerns for residents, significantly influencing rental decisions due to the household registration (hukou) system, competitive educational environment, and uneven distribution of medical resources. This study explores the distinct factors affecting rental decisions in China’s super cities, differing from other countries where renters prioritize proximity to work or urban amenities. Using advanced interpretable machine learning techniques, the study analyses rental markets in Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen. The random forest model demonstrates superior performance in rent prediction across all three cities. The results indicate that the impact of public service resources on rent is notably higher in Beijing and Shanghai, while in Shenzhen, balanced urban planning results in property characteristics being more prominent in tenant preferences. These findings enhance the understanding of global rental market dynamics and provide recommendations for promoting sustainable rental housing development. The scientific novelty of this study lies in its application of advanced machine learning models to identify and quantify the unique influences of public service resources on rental markets in different urban contexts.

Economic and Environmental Resilience of Tenant Farmers in Majuli, Assam

When agricultural land is unequally distributed, the land lease market can be essential in balancing factor endowments among agrarian families. With this backdrop, the study explores the economic and environmental sustainability of tenant farming among the Mishing tribe in Majuli, the biggest river island. The primary objectives are to compare the economic benefits of tenant versus owner farmers and to assess the resilience of the Mishing community to environmental challenges. Utilising purposive sampling, data were collected from the UjaniMajuli Block. Analytical methods include the Lekart scale, independent t-tests, and cost-benefit ratio analysis to evaluate economic benefits, complemented by field observations to assess resilience indicators. Results reveal that tenant farmers achieve a higher benefit-cost ratio than owner farmers for red and winter paddy, attributed to more efficient resource utilisation and adaptive agricultural practices. Despite strong resilience through traditional adaptive measures, there is a need for enhanced infrastructure and awareness programs. The study emphasises the necessity for targeted policy interventions and support mechanisms to enhance tenant farmers’ economic stability and resilience in Majuli.