Learning Instrument Research Articles

Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge: Ability Prospective Teachers Biology Education Department In Jakarta Indonesia

The era of globalization and pandemic has greatly affected education, especially in the teaching and learning processes. Offline learning system must be changed to an online learning system. Prospective teachers are required to explore both knowledge and technology, so that effective and meaningful learning can be created. This research was a descriptive study with a quantitative approach to determine, analyze, and describe the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPCK) abilities of prospective teachers of the Biology Education Department A private university in Jakarta, Indonesia. The research subjects were 8th semester students totaling 197 students. The instrument for collecting data on the TPACK ability of prospective teachers was questionnaires distributed through Google Forms. The results of questionnaire analyzed seven aspects of the TPACK abilities of prospective Biology teachers, including Technological Knowledge (TK), Content Knowledge (CK), Pedagogical Knowledge (PK), Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), Technological Content Knowledge (TCK), Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK), and Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPCK). The results of this study indicated that the TPCK ability of prospective teachers is in sufficient criteria with an average value of 3.15. This showcases that it is still necessary to improve the TPACK abilities of prospective teachers in several aspects, namely mastery of content, pedagogy, and technology. ICT-based educational innovation is also needed to develop learning tools and instruments based on TPCK for prospective teachers of Biology Education Department A private university in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Social Networking Software as Instrument for Teaching and Learning in Nigerian Higher Educational Institutions

Social networking software (SNS), also known as social media, is increasingly becoming a veritable tool in the hands of educationists across contexts. When juxtaposed with the ever-growing population of the youths-students accustomed to high levels of ICT use in all contexts of their everyday lives, is giving impetus to the need to analyse the extent to which the deployment of SNS could impact on teaching and learning in higher educational institutions, most especially in the frontier countries, like Nigeria. It is on this premise this study examined the effects of self-efficacy in digital technology, peer-group influence and resource availability on the adoption of social networking software on teaching and learning systems in Nigerian higher educational institutions. Primary data were obtained through structured questionnaire randomly administered to elicit information on the identified constructs for the study from both the students and the academic staff. Data obtained were analysed with the aid of descriptive statistical tools to identify association between social networking software and teaching and learning systems of sampled educational institutions. The study encouraged policy makers, educational practitioners, and developers to provide enabling environment for a successful adoption of e-learning systems for the benefit of education systems in developing countries.

ENGLISH PROFICIENCY AS A PREDICTOR OF CLASSROOM COMMUNICATION AMONG STUDENTS IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN SOUTH-EAST NIGERIA

The English language is an essential element of the educational landscape of Nigeria. It describes the instrument of effective teaching and learning at every academic level. Consequently, communication in the classroom has been fraught with challenges due to numerous reasons. Thus, the purpose of this present study was to examine English proficiency as a scarcely explored variable that could determine the variation in classroom communication in tertiary institutions. A convenience sample of two hundred and thirty undergraduates (n=230) was randomly selected from Enugu and Anambra states as the respondents. Data for the study was collected using a self-report instrument assessing English proficiency and classroom communication. A linear regression model was performed on the data, and the result revealed that English proficiency is a significant predictor of classroom communication. Thus, it is concluded that English proficiency is an essential determinant of student-teacher classroom interaction. The practical implications are discussed.

Development and Validation of Questionnaire for Physics Learning Self-Efficacy among Ghanaian Senior High Schools

This study focused on developing an instrument for assessing Senior High School students Physics learning self-efficacy beliefs. An instrument known as PLSE was administered on-site and in-person. The PLSE was tested on 290 final year Senior High School Physics students. Prior to this, the initial scale was administered to 60 Senior High School Physics students after validation by seven experts of Science educators. The PCA extracted four factors with loadings ranging from 0.588 to 0.889. The four factors were Physics Practical, Every Application of concepts, High-Order Thinking Skills and Physics Content. The calculated Average Variance Extracted (AVE), and Composite Reliability of the PLSE items were also found to range from 0.540 to 0.718 and 0.823 to 0.927 respectively. The subsequent reliability results showed excellent internal reliability for each of the sub-scales with Corrected Item-total Correlation (CIC) values, ranging between 0.571 and 0.752. Validity, and reliability assessments revealed accepted threshold cut-off of Average Variance Extracted (AVE), Composite Reliability (CR,) and Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. This paper suggests that the current proposed Physics learning instrument represent a reliable research scale to measure Senior High students Physics learning self-efficacy belief.

Instruments of Communicative Skill According to 4C's In Trigonometric Ratio

The purpose of this research is to develop mathematics learning instruments in the form of communicative skills-based modules that conform to 4C's criteria on trigonometric ratio. This research uses Research and Development methods adapted in the development of the ADDIE model. The subjects of this study were class X learners at Madinatul ‘Ulum Jombang High School for the academic year 2020/2021. As for data collection techniques are interviews and questionnaires. Researchers designed a learning instrument in the form of communicative-based modules. The results of this study showed that (1) Assessment of the validity of learning instruments in the form of communicative-based modules by two material experts received a percentage of 94% and 75.5% with a very valid and quite valid category. (2) Assessment of the practicality of learning instruments in the form of communicative-based modules by learners gets a percentage of 82.07% with a very practical category. Based on the results of the above research, researchers concluded that learning instruments in the form of communicative-based modules are declared valid and practical based on the assessment of experts and learners, so it is worth using in mathematical learning.

DTPAAL: Digital Twinning Pepper and Ambient Assisted Living

Pepper is a humanoid robot capable of expressing body language, perceiving, and interacting with its surrounding environment, thanks to a wide set of sensors and actuators and exposing capabilities and high-level interfaces for natural interaction with humans. In this article, we present the development of VPepper, the Pepper virtual replica, by describing experiences focused on the interaction of the digital twin with the replicas of the smart objects in a smart home. Pepper robot has been featured with arms and hands, but its motors and actuators cannot support intensive experimental sessions and training procedures to learn how safely touch objects. Here, digital twin metaphor plays a crucial role. By a virtual and reliable replica of the robot, machine learning procedures can be seamlessly moved to/from the digital twin with a significant speedup and preventing the physical robot from deterioration. As a practical application, the reported case study is inspired to ambient-assisted living in elderly assistance. The experience, as well as the entire design and development process, has revealed VPepper and the smart environment to offer interesting opportunities for the physical accuracy of the simulation and for the availability of machine learning instruments that may be converted and adopted for real settings. A final empirical evaluation, performed involving 25 volunteer caregivers, confirms the perceived value and the potential usefulness of the system.

Principal Management in Improving Teacher Quality at State Vocational High School

The purpose of this study is to collect empirical data regarding the effectiveness of academic supervision in enhancing teacher professionalism at Lhokseumawe State Vocational High School. Academic supervision must be data-driven and factually accurate. Academic supervision is everyday work that supervisors must perform in order to meet the needs of a dynamic curriculum that is constantly in need of improvement in terms of documentation and context in the field. This research employs a qualitative approach combined with descriptive analysis techniques. The primary data sources for this study were direct interviews with informants, including school principals, teachers, students, observations, and secondary materials culled from various studies of papers, texts, and archives about Academic Supervision implementation. According to the researcher's analysis, the principal has utilized academic supervision to enhance teacher professionalism, as evidenced by the planning of supervision schedules, implementation, assessment of teacher performance using prepared learning instruments, and follow-up on the results of learning supervision. The supervision theory has been implemented effectively, including directing supervision in learning and the conduct of pre-supervision meetings with teacher interviews.

Intelligent Production Monitoring with Continuous Deep Learning Models

Summary Monitoring of production rates is essential for reservoir management, history matching, and production optimization. Traditionally, such information is provided by multiphase flowmeters or test separators. The growth of the availability of data, combined with the rapid development of computational resources, enabled the inception of digital techniques, which estimate oil, gas, and water rates indirectly. This paper discusses the application of continuous deep learning models, capable of reproducing multiphase flow dynamics for production monitoring purposes. This technique combines the time evolution properties of a dynamical system and the ability of neural networks to quantitively describe poorly understood multiphase phenomena and can be considered as a hybrid solution between data-driven and mechanistic approaches. The continuous latent ordinary differential equation (Latent ODE) approach is compared with other known machine learning methods, such as linear regression, ensemble-based model, and recurrent neural network (RNN). In addition, the framework of virtual flowmetering (VFM) is analyzed from the point of multiphase measurement technology. In this work, the application of Latent ODEs for the problem of multiphase flow rate estimation is introduced. The considered example refers to a scenario in which the topside oil, gas, and water flow rates are estimated using the data from several downhole pressure sensors. The predictive capabilities of different types of machine learning and deep learning instruments are explored using simulated production data from a multiphase flow simulator. The results demonstrate the satisfactory performance of the continuous deep learning models in comparison with other machine learning methods in terms of accuracy, where the normalized root-mean-squared error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) of prediction below 5% were achieved. While Latent ODE demonstrates the significant time required to train the model, it outperforms other methods for irregularly sampled time series, which makes it especially attractive to forecast values of multiphase rates.

PENYERAPAN MATERI AJAR MELALUI PENGGUNAAN MEDIA VIRTUAL ONLINE DI SEKOLAH MINGGU

The lives of Sunday School children during the Covid-19 pandemic faced two different conditions. The first condition is that the stewardship of the children's Sunday School must continue and be sustainable. The second condition is that the pandemic is a strict restriction; hence physical contact and social interaction are impossible. These are challenges and at once opportunities for the church, especially the Sunday School teachers, in responding to them. Indonesian Anglican Church Ichthus Congregation of Medan responds that establishing a zoom platform for meeting the spiritual needs of Sunday School children is worthy of appreciation. Preliminary findings through a study of the provision of questionnaires to 32 respondents indicate that virtual online allows becoming a teaching and learning instrument in these difficult times of pandemic. However, its use must be accompanied by teachers' creativity and efforts to increase the absorption of teaching materials. Using a quantitative method with the Likert scale questionnaire to measure the response to some questions shows a benchmark for the material's absorption level, which is estimated to be above the minimum quantity. This is undoubtedly a great hope for the church and, in this case, the Sunday School to improve and be qualified in using media technology and mastery of teaching materials with a touch of creativity that can attract Sunday School children to grow in their spirituality.

Pelatihan Pengembangan Soal Matematika Tipe HOTS untuk Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis di SMP Bunda Kandung Jakarta Selatan

The development of progress in the world of education, especially mathematics, requires reliable students who are not only able to solve mathematical problems. However, they can further develop their higher order thinking skills, such as creative, critical and reasoning thinking. These abilities must be continuously honed and trained by familiarizing students with questions that do not only remember. Students should be able to develop their mathematical literacy by working on HOTS (higher order thinking skill) questions. Currently we are entering the digital era known as the industrial revolution 4.0, in the 21st century the challenges and competition in the future will be very tight. There are four skills needed in the 21st century, known as the 4Cs, namely communication, collaborative, critical thinking, and creativity. The use of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) questions as a learning instrument is an effort to improve students' critical thinking skills as one of the skills needed in the 21st century.

Concept Mapping Techniques to Support Learning Activities in TK Az-Zahra, Kabupaten Karawang

This Community Service (PKM) aims at analyzing teachers’ difficulties in making interesting concept maps in the learning process namely teachers’ lack of understanding of various applications for making concept maps of subject matter, teachers’ difficulties in writing mathematical symbols used in creating learning instruments, as well as inadequate quality in the process of implementing learning activities. This PKM is located at Az-Zahra Kindergarten, Karawang, West Java. Data were collected by means of observation, interviews, and Zoom. The method used by the PKM team to solve problems was to provide training activities on a scheduled basis for one semester. The material presented was the introduction to and use of Mind Map and Math Type application software. The results of this PKM for partners are teachers’ ability to create interesting concept maps and the improvement of learning activities in education units. While the output for the PKM team is the fulfillment of responsibility stated in the Tri Dharma that must be carried out by lecturers indicated by receiving certificate from a partner.

The Relationship of Motivation and Self-regulated Learning through Blended Learning in the Covid-19 Era

This study aims to determine the relationship between motivation and self-regulated learning through blended learning in the covid-19 era. This study is a quantitative study with correlation study type. Samples were taken using random sampling techniques from all 1st-semester students who took basic physics courses and obtained 67 students consisting of 3 classes. The data was collected using the instrument of motivation and self-regulated learning in the form of a questionnaire which was filled in by the students after participating in basic physics courses using blended learning. The data that has been collected is then analyzed for normality and linearity. The data shows the results are normally distributed and linear so that data analysis can be continued with hypothesis testing using the Pearson product-moment correlation test and the value of R = 0.897 is obtained which is then compared with the R table at a significant level of 0.05, namely 0.244. Because R (0.897)> R table (0.244), it can be concluded that there is a positive relationship between motivation and self-regulated learning with the correlation coefficient value is 0.897 which is classified as very strong. Therefore, students' motivation and self-regulated learning through blended learning in the covid-19 era have a very strong relationship. This could be of concern to teachers and lecturers as facilitators in learning in this Covid-19 era. It is hoped that interesting learning using a blended learning approach can be applied so that student learning motivation increases and has a direct effect on students' desire to manage their own learning.

PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PEMBELAJARAN DARING UNTUK MATERI HUKUM PADA MATA PELAJARAN PPKn DI MGMP KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR

Community service as one part of the pillars of Tri Dharma college is carried out as a tangible manifestation of the role of collage in meeting community criticisms. Legal and Citizenship Research Group, FKIP, UNS in collaboration with MGMP PPKn SMA & SMK, Karanganyar Regency carried out Community Service activities aimed at PPKn SMA & SMK teachers as an effort to increase understanding and improve the quality of Civics learning in the development of online learning instruments, especially on material law. This community service activity aims to: 1) improve the mastery and understanding of Civics teachers on legal material, 2) increase knowledge and ability in compiling online learning instruments, 3) improve the ability of teachers in developing learning media in the online learning process. While the benefits of this activity are the maintenance of the continuity of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education functions, namely the functions of education, research, and community service. The method used is in the form of training (workshop) by providing understanding and prioritizing increasing teacher knowledge regarding strengthening legal material in Civics subjects and online learning instruments. This activity showed very satisfactory results. The teachers have very high enthusiasm to take part in this training and the ability to make online learning instruments and the development of learning media has increased.

Czy twórczość Jana Kochanowskiego może być źródłem poznania prawa?

The cognitive function of literary works is usually directly related to the social, historical or cultural context, reflecting, by means of literary fiction, the knowledge of what actually happened, or what could happen, being an expression of the projection of reality in the literary work. In this sense, it is possible for the creator of a literary work to relate to the actual reality in which he operated, legal and systemic relations, if their presentation in the presented work is important for the literary fiction that creates the work. Therefore, if we assume that a literary projection, even a fictional one, presents a sequence of events, and at the same time is embedded in a specific context, appropriate for the time of the work’s creation, in this case also covering legal and systemic relations relevant to the epoch, a literary work may thus fulfill a cognitive function. in the field of learning about the history of law or the political system. Based on these assumptions, the tragedy of Jan Kochanowski, The Greek Envoys, presented in 1578 in the presence of the royal couple during the wedding ceremonies of the then Crown Deputy Chancellor, Jan Zamoyski with Krystyna Radziwiłł, was examined. The current view that the work of J. Kochanowski reflected in the sphere of its literary fiction the course of the sessions of the former Polish Sejm from the second half of the 16th century, which its creator used to present political and ideological issues of that era, was verified in relation to the concept of the sources of learning about law. The result of examining the literary work of J. Kochanowski, especially those parts in which it was possible to demonstrate the Author’s reference to legal and systemic issues, is the recognition that the manner of their presentation can be treated as a special, historical source of learning about law, in which an important role, as an instrument for learning about it, it plays the historical as well as the political context, which is the basis of literary fiction.

Exploring an AI-based writing Assistant's impact on English language learners

The increasing use of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) worldwide has brought attention to tools that can assist English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners in their journey to fluency. Much research has shown that EFL learners often do not have sufficient latitude to output at a satisfactory level when writing in a second language. In addition, cognitive (working memory) resources are spent on low-level writing tasks (word production, translation) at the expense of time being allocated to higher-level writing tasks such as organization and revision. The researcher's laboratory developed an AI-based web application called “AI KAKU” to assist EFL learners in reducing the cognitive barriers they face when producing written text in English. While there has been much research and discussion on Automated Writing Evaluation (AWE) technologies or older technologies such as spell check and grammar check, few studies have attempted to use AI-based tools as learning instruments outside assessments. This study recruited adult EFL participants in a counter-balanced experiment to evaluate the potential impact of AI KAKU on student writing. Preliminary results indicate that this is a potentially useful tool for English language learners who need more structured assistance than traditional word processors.

Digital Literacy Assessment Model in Learning Management System: A Self-Directed Learning Perspective

The learning environment in the post-pandemic era in universities is expected to maintain the use of learning management systems and self-directed learning. In this environment, the digital literacy assessment model needs to be enriched by assessing self-directed learning among students. In this study, a digital literacy assessment model has been developed which is enriched with self-directed learning instruments. The assessment model was tested on 150 students using purposive sampling technique. The results of the assessment were analyzed qualitatively and inferential statistics. The results showed that the level of digital literacy had a simultaneous and partial correlation and influence on students' self-directed learning.

Enhancing Pre-service Mathematics Teachers' Technology Integrated Competency: Cooperative Initiation and Open Lesson Observation

Technology became considerably more critical for mathematics teachers during the Covid-19 pandemic era. Apart from examining pre-service mathematics teachers' knowledge about technology integration, which failed to reflect the unique characteristics of mathematics and underrated teachers' perception toward using technology in mathematics classrooms, this study aims to examine pre-service mathematics teachers' technology integrated competency through an enhancement program. Data were gathered from 25 pre-service mathematics teachers at Lampang Rajabhat University through journals, artifacts, and focus group interviews. Quantitative and qualitative analysis was by the research analytic framework's categories to define changes in participants' technology integrated competency. The primary finding was that participants gained a better knowledge of technology integrated lesson design during a four-month period. Most participants moved their emphasis away from technology as a teaching aid and toward providing students with mathematical learning instruments. Additionally, they emphasized the significance of their courage. They did not overlook the necessity of adequate mathematical knowledge for teaching when it came to improving mathematics teachers' roles in creating a successful technology integrated mathematics lesson. It was discovered in this study that the cooperative initiation and open lesson observation of pre-service mathematics teachers had a direct effect on their lesson preparation.

The spectrum of Self-directed learning perceptions among faculty members and students of Bolan University of Medical and Health Sciences.

Objectives:To analyze the perception of students and faculty regarding self-directed learning (SDL).Methods:This mixed method study design (pragmatic) with both positivist and interpretive approaches was conducted on faculty members and students of Bolan Medical College Quetta from 1st April 2021 to 31st Aug 2021 on 246 medical and dental students and 12 faculty members. The research question was about the role of SDL in undergraduate medical students and faculty members. The inclusion criteria were any registered student and permanent faculty member, while exclusion criteria were any selected student and faculty member who not consented to participate in study. Data on self-directed learning instruments from medical students on 5 points Likert scale was collected by regular interval method and faculty members on an open narrative questionnaire by purposive sampling. The data were analyzed by the SPSS version 26, framework method of content analysis, and constant comparison technique.Results:The mean age of students was 21.45 + 2.01 years. There were 114 males and 132 females (ratio 1: 1.15). The maximum mean score (4.35) is 91.1% followed by (4.32) 84.0% of students’ percept that SDL constantly improves & excels in learning and successes and failures inspire SDL. The minimum mean score (3.32) 49.2% revealed that students felt difficulty in arranging and controlling their learning time. The faculty perception that SDL leads to professional identity (confidence & self-identity), improved technical skill (better expression & enhanced cognition), professionalism (focused learning, effective reflection, time management & self-satisfaction), collaboration, communicator, and leadership qualities.Conclusion:The students strongly believed that SDL will improve and excel but they need time management. Faculty members concluded that leadership, communication, collaboration, and professionalism are related to SDL.

The Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Materi Bangun Ruang Sisi Lengkung Berbasis Etnomatematika Berbantuan Aplikasi Google Form sebagai Penunjang Pembelajaran Daring

This research aims to know the process and the result of the development of Mathematics Learning Instruments for ethnomathematics based curved space chapter with the help of the Google Form aplication as a support for online learning. This research is development research. Learning instruments development model refers to four D models. The product of this research are teaching materials, student’s worksheet, and evaluation test. This research took place at IX A of junior high school 2 Puger, Jember with consist 36 students. The data collection methods used in this research are the interview, test, and questionnaire. Based on data analysis, this research has three result. First, the learning instrument developed have valid criteria. Secondly, the learning instrument developed have practical criteria based on interview and student’s responses. Third, the learning instrument developed have effective criteria based on student’s score and student’s positive responses.

LEARNING SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS (SPS) IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL WATULIMO DURING THE PANDEMIC COVID-19

This study aims to determine the application of learning science that involves science process skills (SPS) during the pandemic Covid-19. This research uses case study method with the research subject 5 science teacher and 15 students from 3 junior high school in Watulimo. The instrument of this study consists of questionnaire of teachers and students, with data collection techniques used were interviews, observation, and documentation. Results showed a decline in the application of SPS from learning offline to online. The decline is most obvious elements of the SPS integrated to formulating hypotheses, interpreting data, and conducting experiments with 1 of the 5 teacher respondents who apply it in science learning. These results indicate a low integrated SPS students. Factors that influence the low integrated SPS the term learning material used by teachers and not specific instruments to assess SPS. The results of this study as input for the junior high school science teacher to adjust the term learning material used to be used in online learning and special instruments to assess SPS (student worksheet that contain SPS material), so that students are able to develop.