Implementation Of Lean Construction Research Articles

Research on Lean Construction Management Mode of EPC Project Based on BIM

In view of the low production efficiency, backward information level and rough project management of the traditional construction industry, it is necessary to introduce a construction model that can efficiently achieve the project construction goals. Taking EPC projects as the research object, building information modeling (BIM) as the technical means, and lean construction (LC) as the management model, this paper constructs a lean construction management model for EPC projects based on BIM, the "BIM-LC" model. From the perspective of the general contractor, the lean construction implementation mechanism of EPC projects using BIM technology is proposed, and the research is combined with EPC project examples. The results show that through the practical application of this model, the characteristics of BIM technology and lean construction refined management can be brought into play, the EPC project management process can be simplified, and the efficiency of project management can be improved.

UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA SOBRE LEAN CONSTRUCTION E MÉTODO CONSTRUTIVO DE PAREDE DE CONCRETO

In the construction industry, the implementation of Lean Construction has emerged as a revolutionary approach, promoting not just efficiency and economy, but also a transformation in quality and sustainability within the sector. While Lean principles are well-established in traditional construction practices, their application to unconventional construction methods, such as the use of in-situ molded concrete walls, remains a relatively unexplored field promising significant advancement. This article presents a meticulous bibliographic review, investigating the applicability and benefits of Lean principles in such unconventional methods, with special attention to concrete walls, which represent a potential for optimization across multiple dimensions of construction. The review seeks to elucidate how the adoption of these practices can lead to substantial improvements, contributing to the evolution of civil construction towards more agile, economical, and environmentally responsible processes, thus aligning with the growing demands for buildings that are not only functionally superior but also ecologically aware and adaptable to future needs.

Implementation of Lean Construction to Reduce Waste with the Value Stream Analysis Tools (VALSAT) Method in the Project Casting Process

This study aims to identify waste that occurs in the casting process of the project carried out by CV. Wishitama using value stream analysis tools (VALSAT) and provide suggestions for improvements with fishbone diagrams for the casting process of the project carried out by CV. Wishitama. This study uses a qualitative approach and case study with value stream analysis tools (VALSAT) and fishbone diagram analysis. The results of this study are that there are four types of waste that are prioritized for elimination, namely, overprocessing, defective products, queues, and motion. This study will provide new contributions to knowledge in the field of lean construction, with a focus on the construction industry. The results of this study will complement existing knowledge and provide new insights into how the application of lean construction can eliminate waste in the construction industry. Companies can eliminate and be effective in waiting for heavy equipment (readymix and concrete pumps) and vibrating equipment during casting. In addition, companies can increase direct supervision, conduct additional training, conduct evaluations, implement a reward or punishment system according to employee performance, plan efficient schedules, assign employees according to needs, and conduct outreach on current employee performance as a form of effort to improve human resources.

Study on Lean Construction Implementation in Palembang

This research investigates the implementation of lean construction and its benefits in construction projects in Palembang. A qualitative approach is applied through literature review and in-depth interviews with respondents experienced in the construction projects. The interview results indicate that the implementation of lean construction in Palembang is still limited, although it has the potential to reduce carbon emissions and improve efficiency. Additionally, it is found that further introduction to the concept of lean construction is highly necessary, especially among architects, to facilitate the decision-making for sustainable design. The development of awareness of lean construction to practitioners in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry in Palembang is essential to support the realisation of sustainable development.

Lean Construction: A Sustainability Operation for Government Projects

The current state budget allocated for Indonesian government projects has exceeded 10% for infrastructure development. This large budget indicates a need for the construction industry to implement more professional management practices for better cost, time, quality, safety, and environmental impact. Lean construction is used to increase productivity and reduce waste in a project. Therefore, this study aimed to extend lean construction principles to the planning and execution phases of DB projects, where these two entities are integrated into the main contractor. Quantitative and qualitative study methods were used to analyze secondary data from six DB project sites and conduct focus group discussions (FGDs) with expert panels using the Delphi method for consensus. The results showed the factors and variables that influence the implementation of lean construction in government projects in Indonesia.

Analysis of the Level of Importance and Ease of Implementing Lean Construction in Building Construction Projects in Aceh Province, Indonesia

Lean construction is a construction implementation method that can minimize waste and maximize value. The problem is that there are still many contractor companies that adhere to conventional implementation methods. Lean construction has been introduced by the central government since 2016. This research aims to determine the level of importance and ease of implementation of lean construction on building construction projects in Aceh Province according to perceptions of the qualifications of small and non-small contractor companies partially and simultaneously. Draft Lean construction evaluated as many as 47 indicators. This research uses quantitative methods through questionnaires with a sample of 78 contractor company personnel. Technique sampling used proportionate stratified random sampling. Data analysis techniques used descriptive statistics and importance-performance analysis (IPA). The research results show that in the application of lean construction, according to the perception of small contractor companies, there are 11 indicators that are considered important and not easy to implement. The application of lean construction according to the perception of non-small contractor companies, there are 6 indicators that are considered important and not easy to implement. The application of lean construction according to the perception of small and non-small contractor companies, there are 11 indicators that are considered important and not easy to implement. For small and non-small qualifying contractor companies to increase readiness for implementation of lean construction in building construction projects in Aceh Province, it is necessary to increase the readiness of the indicators included in quadrant A.

Waste Analysis to Support the Implementation of Lean Construction on Building Project

In the implementation of a project, it cannot be separated from the name of obstacles or failures. Failure can be caused by waste, including material delays, work repetition, low labour productivity, implementation strategies and poor project planning. Lean Construction handles projects by minimizing waste and trying to produce the maximum value possible. This research aims to identify waste factors in building construction and then analyse the dominant factors of waste. The data was collected using a questionnaire from 23 respondents involved in projects execution and then analysed using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method to find the dominant waste factor in building construction projects in Malang City. According to the calculation, the result shows that the most dominant factor of waste from construction projects in Malang City is waiting criteria with a value of 0,278. Furthermore, the identified results will be used to determine the appropriate strategy towards zero waste.

Developing and validating a new conceptual model for successful implementation of lean construction: SEM analysis

PurposeLean construction (LC) consists of very effective techniques; however, its implementation varies considerably from one industry to another. Although numerous lean initiatives do exist in the construction industry, the research topic related to LC implementation is still unexplored due to the scarcity of validated assessment frameworks. This study aims to provide the first attempt in developing a structural model for successful LC implementation.Design/methodology/approachThis study developed a Lean construction model (LCM) by critically reviewing seven previous LC frameworks from different countries, defining 18 subprinciples grouped into 6 major principles and formulating testable hypotheses. The questionnaire was pre-tested with 12 construction management experts and revised by 4 specialized academics. A pilot study with 20 construction units enhanced content reliability. Data from 307 Moroccan construction companies were collected to develop a measurement model. SPSS V. 26 was used for Exploratory Factor Analysis, followed by confirmatory factor analysis using AMOS version 23. Finally, a structural equation model statistically assessed each construct's contribution to the success of LC implementation.FindingsThis work led to the development of an original LCM based on valid and reliable LC constructs, consisting of 18 measurement items grouped into 6 LC principles: Process Transparency, People involvement, Waste elimination, Planning and Continuous improvement, Client Focus and Material/information flow and pull. According to the structural model, LC implementation success is positively influenced by Planning and Scheduling/continuous improvement (β = 0.930), followed by Elimination of waste (β = 0.896). Process transparency ranks third (β = 0.858). The study demonstrates that all these factors are mutually complementary, highlighting a positive relationship between LC implementation success and the holistic application of all LC principles.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first attempt to develop a statistically proven model of LC based on structural equation modelling analysis, which is promising for stimulating construction practitioners and researchers for more empirical studies in different countries to obtain a more accurate reflection of LC implementation. Moreover, the paper proposes recommendations to help policymakers, academics and practitioners anticipate the key success drivers for more successful LC implementation.

Benefits and Difficulties of the Implementation of Lean Construction in the Public Sector: A Systematic Review

Lean philosophy has shown successful results in the manufacturing industry since the eighties regarding efficiency, reducing cost and errors. However, the philosophy originated in the private sector, where the work rules are defined by business owners within the framework of some regulation. In the public sector, however, the picture is different. The way of working and carrying out operations and projects is directly defined by regulation, where the owner’s role—as in the private world—is embodied by the entire political system. This article aims to take a comprehensive look at the academic literature on how Lean has been applied in the public sector (LIPS) from a bibliometric perspective and then delve deeper into the concept of lean construction in the public sector (LCPS) through a systematic review. The results give a complete picture of the research in LIPS, revealing that research directions focus on implementing Lean, how it works in the public sector and the human factors involved in its practice and digitalization. Moreover, the advantages and challenges of LCPS have been presented, where again, the human factor is the central concern of researchers.

Development of Stakeholder Engagement Strategies to Improve Sustainable Construction Implementation Based on Lean Construction Principles in Indonesia

Stakeholder management has an important role in the success of the project because the strategies, plans, methods, and processes for stakeholders greatly determine the success of sustainable construction implementation. Lean construction is one of the principles in implementing sustainable construction by maximizing value and minimizing waste to increase productivity. This study aims to analyze the stakeholder engagement assessment matrix in lean construction, analyze the drivers and barriers in lean construction, and develop stakeholder engagement strategies to improve the implementation of sustainable lean construction. For this study, a questionnaire survey with 61 respondents was used. The data analysis method uses the Certainty Index, RII, Fuzzy AHP, and Fuzzy-TOPSIS. The findings of this research show that there are engagement gaps among stakeholders such as owners, contractors, consultants, subcontractors, architects, the government, local governments, and NGOs. There is no engagement gap between project suppliers and investors. The highest barrier to implementing sustainable lean construction is a lack of knowledge and skills in using lean tools and principles, while the highest driver to implement sustainable lean construction is improved time efficiency and process standardization. The best strategy for increasing stakeholder engagement is by having governments develop regulations and standardize green and sustainable materials.

Adopting a Lean Construction Wheel (LCW) to Tanzanian Construction Firms. A Case of Class I Building Contractors in Dar Es Salaam

Purpose: This paper proposes a Lean Construction Wheel (LCW) to be a framework for Tanzanian construction firms. Absence of a lean construction framework brings failure into the implementation of lean construction, and this is attributed to a low level of awareness of lean construction.
 Methodology: Quantitative research approach was used to assess the application of LCW principles by 57 Class 1 local building contractors located in Dar es Salaam. The results were analysed through the Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) were figured out.
 Findings: The findings show that the term lean construction was found to be terminology to Tanzanian contractors, but still, they apply some of the lean construction principles.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The effect of the study will enhance the contractors to understand the importance of a lean construction framework and will encourage them to opt for the LCW framework. It will also create an urge to develop more frameworks that are better off for the Tanzanian construction industry

Implementing Lean Construction: A Literature Study of Barriers, Enablers, and Implications

The challenges of adopting and implementing lean construction (LC) have led to substantial but isolated research studies concerning the relevant barriers, enablers, and implications, which lack a comprehensive approach and analytical as well as conceptual perspectives. Hence, this study aims to fill the mentioned knowledge gap by identifying the barriers, enablers, and implications of implementing lean construction and exploring their relatedness. A systematic literature review was carried out through which 230 located studies were analyzed using thematic and content analysis methods to realize the objectives of this study. The findings suggest that the lack of awareness and understanding of LC, resistance to change, and a lack of support and commitment from top management are the top three barriers toward LC adoption and implementation, which can be overcome using the identified enablers, among which the top three ones were developing lean culture, application of lean principles tools and techniques, and top management support and commitment. Moreover, the results present a model which portrays the relatedness between the discovered barriers, enablers, and implications of applying lean construction. The findings can be insightful for the research community and project practitioners in their efforts for facilitating the adoption and implementation of lean construction.

A Review on the Strategies of Lean Planning in Malaysia Construction Industry

The impact of the construction wastes results in project delay, low productivity of construction projects, construction cost overrun, and disputes among construction players. The lean construction offers enormous advantages to reduce construction waste. However, lean construction in Malaysia is still new and not fully adopted. This is due to lack of effective strategy in adopting lean construction at construction phase. The aim of this study is to provide planning strategies for the reduction of construction waste. In conclusion, for a wide range of the implementation of lean construction to be successful, a good push by the government alone is inadequate. All the other teams in the construction sector defined must be well aware of their roles in the development of lean construction at the construction sites.

Development of Interpretative Structural Modelling (ISM) Based Lean Construction Implementation Framework

Question: How to standardize Lean Construction (LC) implementation so that construction companies can implement lean practices to achieve rapid initial successes? Purpose: LC implementation process is not yet standardized; therefore, there is variation of construction project performance improvement within the range of less than 10% to even greater than 30%. Although some researchers have endeavored to develop LC implementation frameworks, these frameworks are difficult for the construction companies to follow because they either only explain the theoretical aspects of LC or were developed based on the inputs only from few lean experts. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop an easy-to-follow LC implementation framework based on robust analysis of the contextual relationships among factors from successful lean projects. Research Method: The method of this study included several steps: (1) Confirming LC successful factors from literature review, (2) Establishing relationships between factors using a questionnaire-based survey and Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) technique, (3) Developing ISM based matrices and model, and (4) Developing LC implementation framework. Findings: This study has developed a robust LC implementation framework based on 12 critical success factors (CSFs). Sixty-six pairwise comparisons between CSFs revealed the influential impact of one factor onto the others. Using the ISM technique, the hierarchy of these CSFs was established within the framework. The developed implementation framework contains four driving factors that have the most driving power, three dependent factors as well as five linkage factors for facilitating LC implementation. The top four most important and prerequisite factors for efficient implementation of LC are: Acquiring requisite knowledge and training regarding LC tools and techniques; Ensuring adequate commitment from all the stakeholders including the workforce; Improving collaboration, communication, and visualization; and Long term partnership and trust worthy relations. Implications: The framework standardizes lean implementation processes and improves the lean culture within an organization. This is especially useful for the new LC companies moving towards lean, and also facilitates the successful implementation of LC for the entire construction industry. Keywords: Lean Construction, Success factors, statistically analyzed relationships, LC Implementation Framework, Interpretative Structural Modeling Paper Type: Full Paper

Barriers to Adopting Lean Construction in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises—The Case of Peru

The competitiveness in the construction industry is leading companies to implement the Lean philosophy to improve project management and prepare to begin the adoption of Construction 4.0. However, this implementation generates several barriers, depending on the type of company and the country where it is implemented. For this reason, the following research aims to identify the barriers generated in implementing the Lean philosophy in Peru and SMEs. The following study began with a literature review, followed by a questionnaire, which six Lean experts evaluated. Then, 127 Peruvian professionals answered the survey, and the data were analyzed with RII and Exploratory Factor Analysis. As a result, the barriers to Lean Construction were grouped into four groups to analyze their impact on the industry: collaboration, education and implementation, organizational vision and system; Lean theory and philosophy; and Lean tools, coordination, and information flow. Barriers were also analyzed by project type, stage, and organization size to conclude that implementation barriers are directly related to company size. Finally, the obtained barriers are discussed, and Construction 4.0 is proposed to reduce their impact on construction projects. These results can be helpful for implementers to plan strategies, improve knowledge about Lean Construction implementation, and adopt new techniques that could help improve the construction industry’s productivity.

WASTE MATERIAL ANALISYS WITH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LEAN CONSTRUCTION

Waste material affects project implementation. In addition, it also affects the productivity of the project as well as costs and time. Based on this, good management is needed in handling and minimizing the occurrence of material waste. Lean Construction is one approach that can be used to handle and minimize this occurrence. This study aims to determine the most dominant waste material indicators that cause material waste, determine the estimated costs resulting from material waste and total cost estimates until the observed work is completed, determine the most dominant type of material that causes material waste and determine the percentage of Lean Construction implementation. The case study of this research was conducted on the Karangsambung Indonesia Geodiversity Area Facility Development Project Package 2. The Bayes theorem method was used to determine the most dominant indicator of material waste that causes material waste to occur. Pareto diagrams are used to determine the most dominant type of material that causes material waste. The data from this study were obtained by conducting interviews, observations and filling out the waste material questionnaire and the Lean Construction application questionnaire. The conclusion of this study is that the most dominant indicators that cause material waste are Defect and Waiting with a confidence value of 100% each. The estimated cost obtained during the 2-week observation is Rp. 10,440,859.91 and the estimated cost until the work is completed is Rp. 26,102,149,77. The most dominant type of material that causes material waste is deformed reinforcement Ø22 (Rp. 4,436,673.32), deformed reinforcement Ø 19 (Rp. 2,051,606 ,29) and threaded reinforcement Ø 16 (Rp. 1,387,546,88). The percentage of Lean Construction implementation obtained is 98.94%.

Towards expediting the implementation of sustainable and successful lean paradigm for construction projects: a hybrid of DEMATEL and SNA approach

PurposeProper identification of the key motivating factors (or key drivers) is needed to ensure successful adaption and implementation of the lean concept for construction projects. However, there lacks a study investigating the complex interrelationships existing among the key drivers contributing to Sustainable and Successful Lean Construction (SSLC) implementation for such projects. To address this shortcoming, this study aims to uncover the main critical key drivers towards the implementation of SSLC for the very first time by capturing the complexity of this vexing problem.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, a new hybrid framework is developed through the integration of Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) and Social Network Analysis (SNA). The novel developed framework is called the DSNA approach.FindingsConsidering the case of Malaysian construction projects, the developed DSNA gives the following major outcomes: (1) Most important critical key drivers are seen to be optimization, continuous improvement, and, improve company culture, and (2) For SSLC adoption, the critical drivers impacting other key drivers are seen to be “improve teamwork”, “reduce leadership conflict”, and “improve company culture”, thereby demanding more attention.Practical implicationsThe outcomes of this study give insight for decisions and policymakers in the construction industry regarding critical key drivers and their complex interrelationships towards the further adoption of SSLC, promoting the sustainability paradigm within the respective sector.Originality/valueThis paper not only presents a list of critical drivers and the corresponding association among them towards SSLC adoption, but also proposes DSNA as a novel approach for uncovering the complex interrelationship existing in an intricate problem, improving the intricate process of decision-making.

Identifikasi Faktor Kritikal Pendukung dan Penghambat Implementasi Lean Construction pada Megaproyek di Indonesia

Qualitatively, according to the waste in the construction sector in Indonesia, it is quite large, namely 57% when compared to the manufacturing industry which has 26% waste, the inefficiency in megaprojects is caused, among others, by too many design changes, low work expertise, delays in decision making, coordination that is not good between the parties involved, weak planning and control, delays in material delivery, and inappropriate work methods. Lean construction concept is used to eliminate waste and maximize value for users or customers. In addition, he said that the framework is a step-by-step guide in the form of a suitable guide to facilitate the implementation of the lean construction concept because the lean construction concept is a process-based concept. The purpose of this study is to identify critical factors that support and hinder the implementation of the lean construction concept in mega projects in Indonesia. In this study, a systematic literature review was used to examine the supporting factors and inhibiting factors for the implementation of lean construction. After conducting a literature review, four main supporting factors were obtained, namely managerial, labor, organizational and external. The managerial sub-factors are management commitment and Leadership Management. In addition, it was also found that the barrier factors from the implementation of lean construction were managerial, workforce, company/project organization and external. The supporting sub-factors of managerial are management commitment, management leadership, Management is unable to change existing construction concepts, Lack of training for contractors and subcontractors, misconceptions about lean construction method

Selecting Key Drivers for a Successful Lean Construction Implementation Using Simos’ and WSM: The Case of Egypt

Despite the use of numerous new and advanced technologies in construction projects, the industry’s efficiency remains low. This business has faced significant challenges for a long time, such as non-value-added activities, also known as waste. Lean construction (L.C.) is one method for improving the situation by reducing waste and increasing value for the client. This study provides an in-depth literature review to provide a comprehensive list of all critical drivers and groups all these drivers into one research paper in order to determine the importance (weights) of these drivers and their relative importance, and to propose an innovative methodology for ranking them using Simos’ approach. Seven construction project case studies were proposed. Their lean status was assessed, the key-list was verified using a Weighted-Sum Model as a multi-criteria decision-making technique to rank them, the best one in terms of lean implementation was found. Subsequently, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the most critical criterion for the key list. The following are some of the study’s main findings: 18 key drivers were identified and ranked, a clear definition of the client’s requirements was the most global weight between factors, and the case studies demonstrated that more than 60% of the lean drivers are implemented in Egypt. Day-to-day observation and standardized work were the top two most widely used lean practices in Egypt.

Waste control in South African construction projects

The construction industry contributes significantly to a country’s economy, but at the same time it tends to be a large contributor of waste generation. It is imperative that construction waste be controlled and managed effectively to reduce the negative impacts on the environment. There are various factors that cause waste, so this study aimed to determine these, and to understand the types of waste. A review of the literature indicates that the adoption of lean construction principles could play a positive role, so this was interrogated through a survey of construction managers on ten sites in the Gauteng region, the economic hub of South Africa. The most prevalent waste was found to be brick and concrete, attributed to the lack of skill of the subcontractors’ labour. The most common strategy to manage waste was through training and raising awareness. The two most common forms of lean waste were found to be defects and over-production, with the most prevalent lean tools being JIT and process mapping. The greatest challenges to the implementation of lean construction lie in poor supervisory capacity, low levels of skills in the labour force, cultural diversity in establishing levels of quality, late issue of information and shortage of material.