Neem Leaf Extract Research Articles

VARIATION OVER TIME OF BIOINSECTICIDES EFFECT ON Spodoptera frugiperda INCIDENCE IN CORN (Zea mays) IN DRY SEASON IN MOCACHE, LOS RÍOS, ECUADOR

<p><strong>Background.</strong> Corn cultivation – one of the main crops in the world – is important in Ecuador for human and animal nutrition, but one of the main limitations in production is the damage caused by the insect pest <em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em> (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). <strong>Objective</strong>. Therefore, the objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness over time of three bio-insecticides on pest incidence in maize hybrid INIAP H601 in Mocache, Los Ríos, Ecuador in the dry season. <strong>Methodology</strong>. A completely randomized design was used with five treatments and four replicates: (1) Natural neem (<em>Azadirachta indica</em>) leaf extract in doses of 1.88 L; (2) Bassigeos (<em>Beauveria bassiana</em>) in doses of 5 L; (3) Neem + <em>B. bassiana</em> mix in doses of 7 L; (4) Chemical bait in doses of 80 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>; and (5) Control group without application, processed by a linear model of repeated measures. <strong>Results</strong>. A significant variation was observed in the treatments due to the influence of time. <strong>Implications</strong>. Corn agricultural production has a long tradition and importance in Ecuador, especially in the Province of Los Ríos where productions are affected by <em>S. frugiperda </em>whose major control is by using polluting chemical products. <strong>Conclusions</strong>. Because the effect of the applied bio-insecticide treatments changes overtime, pest incidence is modified through a linear model of repeated measures. The lowest incidence percentages are achieved with the use of <em>B. bassiana </em>(Bb), <em>A. indica</em> (neem) and Bb + Neem mix after day 15, whereas the chemical control group achieves it throughout the evaluated time interval.</p>

Efficacy of eco-friendly treatments on yield attributes in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) against alternaria blight

Indian Mustard that is emerged as the core oilseed crop is cultivated in the northern regions of India during Rabi season. Alternaria blight is one of the most destructive pathogens for Indian Mustard resulting in huge losses in quality and quantity of the produce. A research study was taken up to control the alternaria blight in Indian Mustard with selected eco-friendly treatments by monitoring disease intensity and yield attributes. It is noted that T2 – Trichoderma viride has shown significant results on disease intensity and yield attributes, where disease intensity has significantly minimised in T2 may be due to the mycoparasitic nature and ability to generate volatile and non-volatile compounds against pathogen with great anti-microbial activity. The results showed that maximum plant height (56.10 cm), test weight (4.11 g) and seed yield (1.21 t/ha) of Indian Mustard with minimum disease intensity (40.21 %) were recorded in the treatment T2 and followed by T6­­ – neem leaf extract @15% that has shown significant results on Alternaria blight.

Effect of Application Intervals of Various Types of Insecticides in Controlling Fruit Fly (Bactrocera sp.) Pests on Production of Curly Red Chili (Capsicum annum L.)

The study's full title was "The Effect of Application Intervals of Different Types of Insecticides in Controlling Fruit Fly (Bactrocera sp.) Pests on Production of Curly Red Chili (Capsicum annum L.)." From July 2021 to October 2021, it was conducted in the dormitory area of the Riau Islamic University. The goal of this study was to ascertain how different vegetable insecticide kinds interacted with treatment intervals to control fruit fly pests and curly red chili plant production. This study employed a two-factor, entirely randomized design. The first factor was a combination of four different doses of pesticides, including isoprocarb 2 g/l, betel leaf extract 100 cc/l, neem leaf extract 100 cc/l, and lime leaf extract 100 cc/l. The application time interval, which has four levels—3 days, 6 days, 9 days, and 12 days—is the second element. 48 experimental units were created by combining 16 treatment combinations, each of which had three replications. There were 192 plants total because there were 4 plants per experimental unit and 2 plants were used as samples. The data is statistically analyzed before being subjected to the BNJ test. The outcomes demonstrated that not all parameters were affected by interactions and combinations of application intervals and different insecticide types, including the percentage of flowers to fruit, age at first harvest, fruit weight per plant, fruit weight per fruit, percentage of fruit flies attacked, other types of pests that attack, and age of disease across all treatments.

Compatibility studies of entomopathogenic fungi and botanical pesticide for controlling Spodoptera exigua

Spodoptera exigua is one of main pest for horticulture crops. In sustainability agriculture, entomopathogenic like Beauveria bassiana and Metharizium anisopliae are solution to control this pest. This study aimed to examine the compatibility between the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana and the vegetable insecticide neem leaf extract against the larvae of Spodoptera exigua. Value LC 50 single testing B. bassiana and neem leaf extract respectively is 0.08% (y=1,65x + 0.16) and 0.627% (y=1,59x-1.02). While the value of LC 50 treatment. combinations B. bassiana with neem leaf extract is 0.079% (y = 1,22x + 1.45). Based on the value of LC 50, it is known that the LC 50 value of the combination treatment is smaller than the LC 50 value of the single treatment, this indicates that the combination treatment has a higher toxicity than the combination treatment in killing S. exigua larvae. The LT 50 values from the LC 50 obtained from the single test of B. bassiana and neem leaf extract were 7.96 days and 6.1 days, respectively. While the value of LT 50 from LC 50 obtained from testing the combination of B. bassiana with neem leaf extract was 5.79 days. Based on the LT 50 value, it can be seen that the LT 50 value of the combination treatment is smaller than the LT 50 value of the single treatment.

Integrated Management of Early Blight of Tomato Caused By Alternaria Solani

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a prominent Solanaceae vegetable and fruit crop. Due to the attack of numerous diseases produced by fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes, tomato production in India is low when compared to other developed countries. The fungus Alternaria solani causes early blight at all phases of plant development and produces disease leaf blight, stem rot, fruit lesions and cause severe damage across the country. The use of anintegrated approachagainst A. solanii is the best method for managing this disease. The integrated disease management in pot culture demonstrated that the pots treated with Seed treatment with Trichoderma harzianum @ 10gm /kg + Propiconazole 25% EC (1.5/l of water) + Neem leaf extract @ 20% had the lowest disease incidence (11.77%). In contrast, the highest disease incidence was recorded in a pot sprayed alone with 20% Neem leaf extract at 20 ml/l of water (20.94%), followed by poultry manure @ 25 gm / pot (22.39%). The use of an integrated approach against A. solani is the best method for managing thisdisease.

Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles from Neem and Eucalyptus leaves extract for photocatalytic applications

Green synthesis of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) from leaf extracts involves simple, stable, cost-effective, eco-friendly, economically viable, sustainable and feasible approach. This method is more beneficial than conventional methods like physical and chemical methods, as they are toxic, expensive, non-biocompatible and causes environmental contamination. The present work focuses on Neem, and Eucalyptus leaves mediated synthesis of ZnO NPs and its photocatalytic capability towards the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye. Here, the phytochemicals present in the leaf extract play a binary role by acting as effective capping and reducing agents in the synthesis process. In this work, we have synthesized three samples of ZnO NPs; one is using Neem leaf extract (ZnO-Nee.), second one is using Eucalyptus leaf extract (ZnO-Euc.) and the third one is using both the leaves extract together (ZnO-N&E). The structural, morphological and optical properties were analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis, Raman, fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) techniques. The structural data confirmed single hexagonal phase wurtzite crystalline structure for all the three samples. The absorption spectra showed variation in the band gap of three NPs, evaluated using Tauc method. Mixed morphology of polygon, rod and sphere is observed for all the NPs. The photocatalytic degradation of MB pollutant using ZnO photocatalyst followed green protocol and achieved an excellent result with slight variation in the photocatalytic efficiency percentage. The highest photocatalytic decomposition of MB pollutant is observed for ZnO-Nee. sample as 97.98%. This photocatalytic study can make the synthesised ZnO NP as an efficient agent for water pollution by varying physicochemical parameters.

Development and stability enhancement of neem-based lotion

Neem tree (Azadirachta indica) has a variety of uses in medical traditions due to their antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. The way of applications is modernized after centuries and the effectiveness is improved. The use of cosmetics with natural extract is beneficial to lessen the dependence on synthetic products. This study aims to develop natural neem-based lotions with good stability behavior in shelf life. At initial of the research, the neem leaf extract was produced by the Soxhlet extraction method. The synthesized ethanolic neem extract was confirmed by FT-IR and UV–vis analyses. The GC–MS analysis proved the presence of the bioactive compounds in neem extract. A series of neem-based lotions were prepared in stability testing with different formulas by using pure neem leaves extract, diluted neem extract with coconut oil, aloe vera, vitamin E and commercial neem at 25 °C for one year and at 45 °C for three months. All of the prepared lotions exhibited stability at 25 °C where no layer separation and color changes were observed. The moisture became constant after one year of analysis without any formation of granules. The most stable lotion was exhibited by neem-based lotion with coconut oil and aloe vera formula. The sample showed no appearance of layer, no color changed and the moisture remained constant after the testing period at 25 °C and 45 °C.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Aloe Vera and Neem Leaf Extract and their Cytotoxic Effect evaluation

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Aloe Vera and Neem Leaf Extract and their Cytotoxic Effect evaluation

Biocontrol Potential of Neem leaf Extract on Mortality of Meloidogyne incognita

Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita is one of the widely distributed in India and most economically damaging genera in vegetable crops. Plant products are the safer alternative approaches to control root knot nematodes. An experiment was carried out in vitro to test the Neem leaf extract of aqueous, acetone and methanol extract. Different concentrations of shade-dried leaves of Neem were tested on mortality of Meloidogyne incognita juveniles. Increase in concentration and exposure period resulted in increased mortality rate of Juveniles of M. incognita. Methanol Neem leaf extract (5 ml concentration) proved to be the most effective among used aqueous, acetone and methanol neem leaf extract . After 48 hours exposure aqueous and methanol leaves extract showed 100% mortality while acetone neem leaves extract showed 100% mortality after 72 hours exposure of 5 ml concentration. Neemleaves 0.25 ml con. was the least effective among all con.

A Comparative Study of Plant Extracts and Biocontrol Agents for Managing Alternaria burnsii in Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.): An In-vitro Assessment

The objective of the current study was to assess the in-vitro efficacy of plant extracts and bio-agents in managing Alternaria burnsii, the causal agent of blight disease in cumin. Eleven plants extract were selected based on their availability in the local region and evaluated for antifungal activity in the laboratory for their effectiveness against A. burnsii. Plants extract was tested at four different concentrations 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% each by food poisoning technique. Additionally, four bio-agents, namely Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis were evaluated against A. burnsii. The experiments were conducted from 2019 to 2021 at the Advanced Laboratory on Bioagents in the Plant Pathology Department, SKRAU, Bikaner. Among the plant extracts, Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) and Neem leaf extract were found to be the most effective, resulting in mean growth inhibition of 48.88 per cent and 45.85 per cent, respectively. The least per cent mean growth inhibition, 13.14 per cent, was recorded with Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus). Among the four different bio-agents, Trichoderma harzianum was found to be the most effective in suppressing the growth of the pathogen, achieving a growth inhibition of 69.63 per cent. This study provides valuable insights into the use of locally available plant extracts and bio-agents for the management of cumin blight, promoting eco-friendly approaches.

Manifestation of Acrylamide induced alterations in the CA1 region of hippocampus of mice by the leaf extract of Meetha Neem : Murraya koenigii

A global concern has been observed since the findings about acrylamide formation during high temperature cooking and its presence in infant formulas causing deleterious damage to the vital organs of the body including the major organ brain. Acrylamide is a well-known neurotoxin. It causes alterations and changes in the normal structure of hippocampus. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover herbal formulation that can combat the toxic effects of acrylamide. Hence, in the present investigation Murraya koenigii is used to establish its efficacy as a neuroprotectant against acrylamide damage.

Comparative investigation of gas sensing performance of liquefied petroleum gas using green reduced graphene oxide-based sensors.

Herein, we report the comparative gas sensing performance (at room temperature) of reduced graphene oxide sensors obtained by reducing graphene oxide using extracts of pumpkin leaf, neem leaf and methionine. An interdigitated pattern was designed on soda-lime glass using a stamp method and the dispersed solution of rGO was spin coated on the pattern. The electrical response of the sensors was investigated (using a simple in-house measurement set up) by measuring change in resistance of graphene with varying gas concentration on exposure to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). From the characterization results using FTIR, SEM, EDX and UV-Visible, methionine reduced graphene oxide (MRGO 12H) indicated a greater degree of reduction compared to pumpkin reduced graphene oxide (PRGO 12H) and neem reduced graphene oxide (NRGO 12H). The LPG sensing results showed an increase in the resistance of the sensor materials upon the introduction of the gas and, an increased sensitivity as the concentration of the test gas increased from 100 ppm to 200 ppm while the MRGO 12H sensor was more selective towards LPG sensing. Furthermore, it was observed that the sensor response for the fabricated sensors is strongly dependent on the concentration of gas exposed to the sensors and the degree of removal of oxygen functional groups in the graphene-based materials. Hence, the MRGO 12H sensor had a sensor response of 23.58% at 200 ppm. PRGO 12H at 100 ppm illustrates the least sensor response while NRGO 12H showed very poor sensor response that ranged between 5.10% and 7.56%. The sensor response of the materials demonstrates an improvement in results obtained for pure rGO based sensors. We obtained a response time as low as 5.3 seconds for MRGO 12H while the recovery time of the sensors ranged between 6.46 seconds and 41.50 seconds. The MRGO 12H sensor typified the best recovery time and thus outperformed results from most of the reported literature. Considering different performance metrics such as sensor response, response time, recovery time and sensing period, MRGO 12H is more selective towards detecting LPG. Our results showed that a greater restoration of the sp2 carbon chain brought about by increased reduction of graphene oxide is largely responsible for the sensing behavior of rGO towards LPG.

Inhibicija korozije mekog čelika ekstraktom papaje i nima

This study examined earlier research on using papaya and neem extracts as inhibitors to minimize the corrosion of mild steel in a variety of corrosive situations. The potential inhibitory characteristics of plant extracts to potentially replace the hitherto used, well-known inhibitors that are harmful to the people handling them as well as the environment, inspired several scholars to conduct corrosion inhibition tests on metals using plant extracts. The findings of earlier research demonstrated that the maximal inhibitory efficiency provided by neem leaf extract to prevent the degradation of carbon steel in a hydrochloric acid (1 M) medium was 97%, while 86% was observed for the protection in H2SO4 (1 M) solution. The extract from Carica papaya leaves was shown to have up to 83% maximum inhibitory efficacy for preventing mild steel corrosion in HCl (1 M). It has been revealed that when extract concentration increased, the rate of steel corrosion reduced. Additionally, papaya leaves' corrosion-inhibiting mechanism was said to occur mostly in the cathodic area. Both plant-leaf extracts (Papaya and Neem) have been reported to have adsorption qualities that, for the most part, agreed with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model.

Green and free hazardous substances of neem oil lotion in promising market sustainability

The demand for cosmetics has risen in recent years, resulting in mass production that does not adhere to any acceptable standards. Many of them contain potentially harmful substances, including hydroquinone, talcum, parabens, steroids, phthalates, fragrances, and heavy metals like lead and arsenic. The current study focused on producing neem oil lotion with free steroids, hydroquinone, and parabens. Prior to the testing, neem oil lotion was prepared by adding diluted neem oil, aloe vera and Vitamin E to the basic cream lotion. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) was used to analyze the steroid content. The spots that appeared were observed at different wavelengths; White Lamp (T-White), UV-254 nm, and UV-366 nm. The hydroquinone was run by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and was observed under UV light at 254 nm. The parabens test was also done by HPLC under UV light at 280 nm. The analysis showed that the four types of steroids; dexamethasone, bethamethasone, triamcinolone acetonide, and hydrocortisone acetate, were not detected. Furthermore, no hydroquinone was observed, as proved by the HPLC chromatogram peak. In the parabens analysis, only methylparaben was detected in the sample with a concentration of 0.011 mg/mL, below the detection limit. The other three types of parabens; ethylparaben, propylparaben, and butylparaben, were not detected in the neem oil lotion formulation. The result showed that the prepared neem oil lotion was free from these hazardous substances; steroids, hydroquinone and parabens. It confirmed that the green source of neem leaf extract lotion had no hazardous substance and was safe to use.

Combined Effect of Isolated Bacteriophage and Neem Extract on Isolated Multiple Drug-Resistant Pathogenic Escherichia coli E1 From Well Water.

Multiple drug-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a serious cause of concern, and they can be observed in hospital settings, natural environment, and animals. Dissemination of multiple drug-resistant (MDR) E. coli can pose a high risk to public health. Moreover, they are hard to control with commercial antibiotics, since they have acquired resistance against most of them. Therefore, to control multiple drug-resistant bacteria, alternative strategies have been adopted such as phage therapy, herbal remedies, nanoparticles etc. In the current study, the combined application of neem leaf extract and bacteriophage is used to control an isolated multiple drug-resistant E. coli E1. We have applied 0.1 mg/ml concentration of neem extract in combination with an isolated phage vB_EcoM_C2 of 1011 titer and found that the combinatorial treatment approach significantly controls the growth of E. coli E1 as compared to a single non-combinatorial treatment. In this study, every E. coli cell is targeted by 2 antimicrobials (phage and neem extract) at the same time, which is more effective as compared to the sole treatment. Implementation of the neem extract with phage opens a new alternative approach to the chemotherapeutics for the control of multiple drug-resistant bacterial pathogens. This approach may be effective, economical, and eco-friendly to combat MDR.

Relative efficacy of selected insecticides to check rice yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) at Hooghly, West Bengal, India

Rice yellow stem borer (YSB), Scirpophaga incertulas Walker is one of the major destructive insect pests rendering huge crop damage. Nine insecticide formulations, either solely or in combinations were applied in the rice (var. Lalat) field for two consecutive seasons during 2019-2021 to assess their efficacy to suppress YSB population and to stabilize yield. The combination of flubendiamide (480 SC) @80 g a.s.ha-1 on 45 DAT and deltamethrin (1%) + triazophos (35%) @300 g a.i.ha-1 on 80 DAT, treated the rice crop, recorded minimum YSB incidence (4.14 egg clutches, 4.78 larvae and adults 3.17/5 hills) and damage (2.12% dead hearts (DH) and 1.47 white ear (WE). This treatment gave significantly higher grain yield (3.63 t ha-1), an increase of 45.78 per cent over control. The incidence (12.21 egg clutches, 14.12 larvae and adults 11.76/5 hills) and crop damage (14.83 DH and 11.10% WE) was maximum in the treatment, neem seed kernel extract (5%) @50 ml L-1 at 15 day intervals after transplanting and neem leaf extract (5%) @7 ml a.s. L-1 on 35, 50, 65 and 80 DAT, resulting in minimum yield (2.88 t ha-1). Other combinations of insecticide application gave variable results.

Effect of chronic administration of aqueous extract of Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves on Paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar albino rats

Hepatoprotective drugs are not available for use in modern medicine and different parts of medicinal plants like Neem (Azadirachta indica) are used as hepatoprotectants in traditional medicine. Although there are scientific reports of its hepatoprotective activity on acute administration, we found only one study which had evaluated its hepatoprotective effect on chronic administration. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of chronic oral administration of Neem on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Methods: We randomly assigned 72 male and female Wistar albino rats to four groups of 18 animals each and orally administered Distilled water 5ml/kg body weight/day to Groups A (Normal control) and B (Experimental control), 500 mg/kg aqueous Neem leaf extract (Test) to Group C and Silymarin suspension (Standard) 100mg/kg/day to Group D for 30 days. On the 8th day, we induced hepatotoxicity with Paracetamol 2g/kg body weight single dose to groups B, C and D. We performed liver function tests, recorded liver weights and examined liver histology of six rats from each group on 10th, 20th and 30th days. Results: We observed significant difference (P

Biosynthesis and characterization of CuO nanoparticles using mehandi and neem leaf extract and its relevance as a nanofluid for heat transfer

The purpose of this research is to biosynthesis and characterization of cupric oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs). The biosynthesis method has been used in the preparation of CuO NPs using plant leaf extract and copper nitrate trihydrate (Cu(NO3)2⋅3H2O) in a molar ratio of 1:4. The CuO NPs are confirmed by XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDS and UV–Visible Spectroscopy characterization techniques. The CuO NPs has been characterised and parameters such as stability, particle size and crystal size are studied. The experiment for stability and particle size was carried out using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and found that the value of zeta potential is around −38.84 mV. However, the average particle size of the nanoparticles is estimated to be43.81 nm using DLS, which also confirms by TEM analysis the size range of particle is 10–80 nm. Apart from particle size, the XRD characterization technique is used to calculate average crystallite size and crystalline structure of nanoparticles and it is found that the value of crystallite size is 15.69 nm. The SEM analysis confirms that the nanoparticles were composed of evenly dispersed, spherical particles in aggregated form. The prepared nanoparticles has been used in water (0.1 vol%) to prepare nanofluid and physical properties was measured and found it is suitable for cooling purpose.

Adsorptive removal of pharmaceutically active compounds from multicomponent system using Azadirachta indica induced zinc oxide nanoparticles: analysis of competitive and cooperative adsorption.

In this research, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles synthesized using neem leaf (Azadirachta indica) extract were used as an adsorbent for removing two widely used pharmaceutical compounds acetaminophen (AMP) and sulfadiazine (SDZ). The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were characterized using SEM-EDS, FTIR, TEM, BET, and XRD analysis. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were found to be in the size range of 10 nm with a surface area of 48.551 m2/g. The adsorptive performance of ZnO nanoparticles in both mono-component (MoS) and multi-component system (MuS) was investigated under various operational parameters viz. contact time, temperature, pH, concentration of pharmaceutical compound and ZnO nanoparticles dose. It was observed that the maximum adsorption capacity of ZnO nanoparticles was 7.87 mg/g and 7.77 mg/g for AMP and SDZ, respectively, under the optimum conditions of 7 pH and 2 g/L adsorbent dosage. The experimental data best-fitted with the pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir model, indicating monolayer chemisorption. Further investigation on removal of AMP and SDZ from multicomponent system was modelled using a Langmuir competitive model. The desorption study has shown 25.28% and 22.4% removal of AMP and SDZ from the surface of ZnO nanoparticles. In general, green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles can be utilized effectively as adsorbent for removal of pharmaceutically active compounds from wastewater.

Effect of Panchagavya and Leaf Extracts of Moringa, Neem and Seaweed on Growth, Yield and Yield Attributing Traits of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L)

The present investigation was carried out at Field Experimentation Centre, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (UP) for “Effect of Panchagavya and Leaf Extracts of Moringa, Neem and Seaweed on Growth, Yield and Yield Attributing Traits of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L) Variety-All Green”. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with thirteen treatments including control which were replicated thrice on spinach seed variety ‘All-Green’ were used to study under field conditions .The treatments were as follows, T0- Control, T1,T2,T3 – Panchagavya @ (3,5,7%) for 8Hrs, T4,T5,T6 – Neem leaf extract @ (3,5,7%) for 8hrs, T7,T8,T9 – Moringa leaf extract @(3,5,7%) for 8hrs, T10,T11,T12 – Seaweed liquid extract@ (2,4,6%) for 8hrs respectively. ANOVA given the significance difference among all treatments compared to control for all parameters under study. It is concluded from the present study that the seeds of Spinach variety – All Green treated with T10-Seaweed Liquid Extract@ 2% for 8hrs was recorded the highest Number of leaves(19), length of leaf (cm)(12.8), No. of seeds per plant(gm) (4.08), Number of seeds per plot (gm)(69.46), Biological yield per plant (g)(79.73), Harvest index(69.67) followed by T3 Panchagavya @ 7% for 8hrs producing number of leaves(18), length of leaf(cm)(11.2),No. of seeds per plant (gm) (3.71), Number of seeds per plot (gm)(63.05), Biological yield per plant (g)(73.56), Harvest index(65.10) which were highly significant at 5% level of significance.