Sport Leadership Research Articles

A Global Research Trend on Leadership in Sport: A Bibliometric Analysis

The contribution of leadership in sport industry has been slowly recognised by the scholars. Effective leadership in sport is believed that it could enhance the performance of sport teams, as well as the performance of sport organizations. However, till to date, there is no bibliometric analysis conducted on sport leadership. Hence, a bibliometric analysis is necessary to evaluate the global research growth to retrieve and analyse the publication on sport leadership in order to enhance the performance of sport teams. The bibliometric analysis is used to search the database of Scopus from the oldest publication in 1956 to the recent publication in 2019. This study used VOS Viewer 1.6.11 to analyse and visualise the global research trend on sport leadership in analysing the bibliographic data. The objectives were to evaluate the output of publications, co-authorship, leading countries, and cooccurrences of author keywords. This study retrieved 945 journal articles from Scopus database from 1960 to 2019. The publication’s trend revealed that the number of publications has been increasing rapidly since 2009. The leading countries in ethical leadership research are the United States and United Kingdom. Among the author keywords, ‘coach’ has the most links with sport leadership, which indicated the importance of sport leadership among coaches. Recommendations were discussed in this paper for future researchers.

Madame executive: baseball the Manley way

ABSTRACTEffa Manley, arguably the most demanding matriarch in baseball history, was a pioneer in many respects. As the first female owner of an American professional baseball team, she helped hone the skills of numerous star players while negotiating contracts with several of the most savvy team owners within Major League Baseball. Her plaque in Major Leagues Baseball’s Hall of Fame is a testament to her dedication to the sport, steadfast resolve, and administrative leadership.

장애인생활체육 지도자의 대인관계능력이 직무 매너리즘과 이직의도에 미치는 영향

장애인생활체육 지도자의 대인관계능력이 직무 매너리즘과 이직의도에 미치는 영향

장애인생활체육지도자의 멘토링이 운동몰입 및 운동지속의사에 미치는 영향

The purpose of disabled living sports leaders in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do were selected as the population in 2 019. A total o f 270 samples were collected over a 10-week period from April to June 2019, and 250 participants were selected as the final study subjects, except for 20 questionnaires that were judged to be inconsistent or inaccurate. The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the relationship between mentoring, sports commitment, and persistence intention of physical education for the disabled. First, it was found to affect the relationship between mentoring and exercise commitment in the physical education for the disabled. Second, it was found to influence the relationship between mentoring and exercise persistence doctors. Third, it was found to influence the relationship between exercise commitment and exercise persistence doctor.

Good practice delivery in sport science and medicine support: perceptions of experienced sport leaders and practitioners

ABSTRACT Purpose/Rationale: Sport Science and Medicine practitioner delivery is clearly of interest, with numerous anecdotal insights to good practice and research focussing on the evaluation of competence in delivery. However, little research has explicitly examined perceptions of the skills sets, process and mechanisms that lead to good practice. Accordingly, our aim was to develop a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of Sport Science and Medicine delivery, examining perceptions in high-performance environments and whether constructs apparent in other performance domains could be relevant in the Sport Science and Medicine delivery context. Design/Methodology/Approach: Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with six experienced Sport Science and Medicine practitioners and six primary employers of the support itself, namely performance directors. Data were transcribed and analysed to generate higher-order themes. Findings: There were four emergent themes of environmental appreciation, role appreciation, understanding people and the importance of team for good practice delivery. Moreover, there were sources of knowledge apparent from other performance domains that offer constructs or concepts with implications for good practice in Sport Science and Medicine. Practical Implications: Findings promote a greater focus on non-technical skills, selection of appropriate delivery models, and an increased emphasis on evidence-based practice. Building from the results, we make some recommendations to support both the practitioner in striving for impactful delivery and those who lead and manage their delivery and development in the roles. Research Contribution: This academic evidence-based offering supports and extends current anecdotal insights on offer in his important function.

Gender diversity in sport leadership: an investigation of United States of America National Governing Bodies of Sport

ABSTRACT Research question: This article examines if gender diversity within the governance structures of the National Governing Bodies of Sport (NGBs), within the US Olympic and Paralympic Committee (USOPC) has an impact on gender membership in sport. Research methods: Employing Kanter's [(1977). Men and women of the corporation. New York: Basic Books] theory of Critical Mass as a lens to examine the USOPC's Diversity and Inclusion Scorecard. Results and Findings, and Implications: The results indicate that females are largely under-represented in leadership roles within NGBs. Findings also indicate a positive correlation between female representation in the leadership structure of NGBs, and the ability of the NGB to achieve female membership benchmarks, thus supportive of Critical Mass Theory. The implications of the study supports both an ethical case for female representation, but highlights a clear business performance case for greater gender diversity in the senior roles of leadership within NGB's in the USPOC.

전문체육 지도자의 스포츠안전인식 관련 대응비(Odds Ratio)

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to verify the ratio and relevance of the reference group by calculating the odds ratio of the professional sports leaders to the sport safety cognition and related variables (coaching career, current team gender, and current team injury experience). Method: The data applied to the analysis is 119 professional sports leaders who participated in 2015 Sports Safety Accident Survey by Korea Sports Safety Foundation. In this study, the case control study design was applied to the analysis to calculate odds ratio for sports safety cognition by professional sports leaders. For the purpose of analyzing the factors affecting the characteristics of professional sports leaders, the research design for the Likelihood ratio (ratio difference) and Chi-square test (relevant verification) were performed. The design of 2X2 was applied to calculate the odds ratio with the reference group. Results: According to the analysis of sports safety cognition and related variables of professional sports leaders, firstly, Odds Ratio (OR) of awareness of the effect of sports safety education is 0.95, OR of awareness of necessity of sports safety education for athletes is 0.43, OR of awareness of Korea Sports Safety Foundation is 1.2 and OR of purchase sports insurance (mutual-aid) is0.54 for leaders who have more than 5 years of coaching career. Secondly, OR of awareness of the effect of sports safety education is 1.61, OR of awareness of necessity of sports safety education for athletes is 0.48, OR of awareness of awareness of Korea Sports Safety Foundation is 1.03 and OR of purchase sports insurance (mutual-aid) is 1.03 for leaders who coach both men and women. Thirdly, OR of awareness of the effect of sports safety education is 2.56, OR of awareness of necessity of sports safety education for athletes is 0.97, OR of awareness of awareness of Korea Sports Safety Foundation is 0.34 and OR of purchase sports insurance(mutual-aid) is 2.97 for leaders who have noninjury experience in current team. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is likely that a leader who has more than five years of coaching career, a leader who coaches both men & women and a leader who is aware of then injury of athletes recognize the importance of sports safety about 0.3 to 3 times higher in the entire 95% confidence interval.

Nelson Paillou et la transformation du handball en France (1942–1982) : Entre discours et réalités

Nelson Paillou can be considered a major sports leader of the second half of 20th century France. He was president of the French Handball Federation from 1964 to 1982, vice-president and eventually president of the French National Olympic and Sports Committee (CNOSF) from 1971 to 1993, and a key person in the foundation of the French association for violence-free sport and fair play. Based on printed sources and on personal as well as institutional archives, this article questions the role Paillou played in the development of French sport. First, Paillou worked to introduce and disseminate handball in France, and he developed a policy to enable masses of people to learn to play handball across the country. As such, he targeted the French youth and founded a national executive for handball technique in order to structure the supervision of players of all levels, from initiation up to the elite level. Second, Nelson Paillou also contributed to the recognition and visibility of handball in France and at European and international levels. He developed a significant communication policy and assured a remarkable presence at all handball events in order to reinforce his choices in terms of management and diffusion of the game. Finally, it appears that during the second half of the 20th century, Paillou, who strongly supported the ideals of Pierre de Coubertin, emerged as a promotor of humanist values in sport and in handball. His position against sponsors and some kind of professionalism was overcome with difficulties but it was necessary to open French handball to the international field. Paillou presented himself as an ambiguous French sports leader who sometimes took contradictory decisions. However, Paillou’s resolutions reflected the choices of an opportunistic leader in front of the transformation of sport in a period marked by the arrival of show business and professionalism.

Interview on Advancing Women in Sports – Challenges and Future Perspectives in Sports Medicine

Girls who play sports are healthier and have a higher educational level than their peers, which in turn will positively reflect on the health of their future children. Girls who are involved in sports, particularly team sports, are also more likely to succeed in their careers and to take up leadership positions. The trend is especially clear among girls from minority groups, who appear to experience greater social and economic mobility, more confidence, lower depression and even more personal safety through sports [1]. While females as a group experience inequality in relation to boys and men, not all women and girls experience inequality to the same level and degree [2]. Apart from policies, resources and programmes in place to support women in sports, the bringing women into sports leadership will be crucial for future progress as recognized by 5th IOC World Conference on Women and Sport in 2012. In his interview, three global female leaders will share their experiences and insights in how to advance women in sports and the role of the medical professionals in this pursuit.

Implementing the European Sports Leadership Programme: A vehicle to help development graduate workplace competencies

This research is the result of the European project ‘European Sport Leadership Programme’ (590801-EPP-1-2017-1-ES-SPO-SCP). Call: European Union. Education, Audio-visual and Culture Executive Agency. Erasmus+ Sport Programme. Call EAC-A03-2016 “Collaborative Partnerships”. Agreement number: 20172477. Coordinator (PI): Antonio Sánchez-Pato.

무도스포츠지도자의 자아존중감이 직무만족도 및 서비스지향성에 미치는 영향

This study was to examinate the effects of Martial art Sport Leader’s self-esteem on job satisfaction and service orientation. For this purpose, we surveyed u-metropolitan city Martial art Sport Leaders. 132 subjects were statistically analysed. For this data analysis, frequency, exploratory factor, reliability, correlation, and multiple regression analysis were analyzed using the spss 23.0 program. The main results are as follows: First, The self-esteem of martial art sport leader had a positive effect on job satisfaction. Second, The self-esteem of martial art sport leader had a positive effect on service orientation. Third, Job satisfaction of martial art sport leader had a positive effect on service orientation. Based on these findings, implications and suggestions for future research were discussed.

여성 스포츠리더 교육이 성인지 감수성에 미치는 영향

이 연구는 여성 스포츠리더 교육이 성인지 감수성(젠더의식, 양성평등의식)에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 교육내용 선정에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 여성 스포츠리더 교육(차세대 리더와 리더 과정) 참여자이며, 교육 참여 전과 참여 후 설문조사에 모두 응답한 30명의 자료를 활용하였다. 설문지는 하경애(2018)의 문항을 기초로 타당도와 신뢰도 검증 후 이용하였다. 자료 분석을 위한 통계방법은 빈도분석과 t검증이다. 이러한 절차를 통해 도출된 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 여성 스포츠리더 교육 참여 전의 성인지 감수성 분석결과, 교육과정에 따라 성인지 감수성에 유의한 차이는 없었지만 양성평등의식이 젠더의식보다 높았다. 한편, 양성평등교육 참여 경험자가 무경험자보다 성인지 감수성이 높았다. 둘째, 여성 스포츠리더 교육 참여 전․후의 성인지 감수성 분석결과, 교육 전보다 교육 후에 성인지 감수성이 모두 증가했으나 통계적 유의성은 없었으며, 리더 과정의 양성평등의식만 유의하게 증가하였다. 한편, 교육 전·후 성인지 감수성은 양성평등교육 참여 무경험자의 젠더의식만 유의하게 증가하였다. 이러한 결과는 여성 스포츠리더 교육이 전반적으로 성인지 감수성 향상에 영향은 미쳤지만 통계적 유의성 확보 정도는 낮아 효과가 제한적이었음을 의미한다. 따라서 성인지 감수성 향상을 위한 교육내용의 확대가 필요하다. 한편, 양성평등교육 참여 무경험자가 유경험자에 비해 교육 참여 후 성인지 감수성의 증가폭이 컸다. 이는 여성 스포츠리더교육 참여자의 성인지 감수성 관련 교육 참여유무 등 사전 조사에 기반 한 교육내용 선정 및 운영 필요성을 뒷받침한다.

Improvement Plan of Physical Education Leader Qualification Framework - Focusing on improving eligibility, levels, and written test subjects

5년 동안 시행되어온 체육지도자 자격제도에서 가장 우선적으로 개선이 필요한 부분인 자격체계와 이에 따른 체육지도자 자격별 필기시험 교과목의 개선에 대한 문제점을 살펴보고 그 대안을 제시하고자 한다. 현행 체육지도자 자격제도의 가장 큰 문제점은 지도 분야(전문체육, 생활체육)와 지도 대상(유소년, 노인, 장애인), 수준(1급, 2급)에 따라 자격체계를 너무 세분화함에 따라 자격의 종류가 너무 많다는 것이다. 체육지도자 자격증은 각각의 자격에 따라 직무역량을 수행할 수 있는 전문성을 반드시 갖추어야 함에도 불구하고 이러한 전문성 강화를 위한 학력과 자격기준의 연계성, 전공분야의 전문성을 확보하지 못하였다. 이럴 바에는 자격체계를 단순화하여 혼란과 경제적 비용을 줄이고, 사회의 요구에 맞는 자격체계로 변경하는 것이 더 타당하다고 생각된다. 현재의 자격체계에서 전문스포츠지도사와 생활스포츠지도사로 나누어진 지도 분야, 유소년/노인/장애인스포츠지도사로 나누어진 지도 대상도 통합하여 ‘스포츠지도사’라는 하나의 자격명칭으로 단순화했으면 한다. 수준에 따라 ‘2급 스포츠지도사’와 ‘1급 스포츠지도사’로 구분하고 현행 2급 전문/생활스포츠지도사, 유소년스포츠지도사, 노인스포츠지도사, 장애인스포츠지도사를 ‘2급 스포츠지도사’로 단순화하는 것이 현실적이라고 생각한다. 이런 방안이 어렵다면, ‘2급 스포츠지도사’를 취득한 후 유아체육론, 노인체육론, 특수(장애인)체육론 추가 합격 시 각각의 전문자격을 부여하는 방법도 생각해볼 필요가 있다. ‘2급 스포츠지도사’ 위에 ‘1급 스포츠지도사’를 두고 이들은 모든 대상(전문체육, 생활체육, 유소년, 노인, 장애인)을 지도할 수 있도록 하는 매우 단순한 자격체계가 직무중심의 전문성에 부응할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 사회적 요구와 직무역량을 강화를 위한 필기시험 교과목의 변경이 필요하다. ‘2급 스포츠지도사’는 현행 시행되고 있는 7개 과목에서 5개 과목을 선택하는 제도에서 ‘운동생리학’, ‘스포츠심리학’, ‘운동역학’은 필수과목으로 지정하고, ‘한국체육사’, ‘스포츠사회학’, ‘스포츠교육학’, ‘체육측정평가’ 중에서 2과목을 선택하도록 하여 총 5과목(필수: 3과목, 선택: 2과목)을 필기시험 교과목으로 변경하는 것이 바람직하다고 생각된다. ‘1급 스포츠지도사’는 ‘장애인스포츠론’, ‘운동상해 예방 및 처치’, ‘체육측정평가 및 경기분석’, ‘스포츠심리분석’, ‘트레이닝론’ 과목 중에서 ‘운동상해 예방 및 처치’, ‘트레이닝론’을 필수로 하고 나머지 과목에서 1개 과목을 선택하도록 하는 방안이 바람직하다고 생각된다.The purpose of this study is to examine the problems of the qualification system, which is the first priority improvement in the Physical education leader qualification framework, and the improvement of the written test curriculum for each Physical education leader qualification which has been implemented for five years. The biggest problem of the current qualification system for sports leaders is the types of qualifications, which are too subdivided into the qualifications system according to the field of instruction (elite athletes, sport for all), targets (for youth, for old people, for the disabled), and levels (levels 1 and 2).Is too much. Although the physical education leader certificate must have the expertise to perform job competency according to each qualification, it has not secured the connection of educational background and qualification standards and expertise in the major field. In this sense, it is more reasonable to simplify the qualifications framework to reduce confusion and economic costs, and to change the qualifications framework to meet the needs of society. In the current qualifications system, I would like to simplify the guidance subjects divided into Sports/Exe. Specialist for Elite Athletes and Sport for All Director s, and the subjects divided into Sports/Exe. Specialist for Youth, Sports/Exe. Specialist for Old People, Sports/Exe. Specialist for the disabled into one qualification name of “Sports/Exe. Specialist ”. According to the level, it is divided into Level 2 Sports/Exe. Specialist and Level 1 Sports/Exe. Specialist and simplifying the current Level 2 Sports/Exe. Specialist for Elite Athletes, Sports/Exe. Specialist for Youth, Sports/Exe. Specialist for Old People, and Sports/Exe. Specialist for the disabled into Level 2 Sports/Exe. Specialist I think it s realistic. If this is difficult, it is necessary to consider the method of granting each professional(special) qualification after acquiring the Level 2 Sports/Exe. Specialist and passing the youth’s physical education, the elderly physical education, and the special(disabled) physical education. With a Level 1 Sports/Exe. Specialist on top of a Level 2 Sports/Exe. Specialist, they have a very simple qualification system that can guide all subjects (Sports/Exe. Specialist for Elite Athletes, Sport for All Director s, Sports/Exe. Specialist for Youth, Sports/Exe. Specialist for Old People, Sports/Exe. Specialist for the disabled ) to meet their job-oriented expertise. Changes to the written exam curriculum are needed to reinforce social needs and job competencies. Level 2 Sports/Exe. Specialist designates exercise physiology , sports psychology and exercise mechanics as mandatory subjects in the system which selects five subjects from the seven subjects that are currently in operation. It is advisable to change the total of 5 courses (mandatory: 3 courses, optional: 2 courses) into a written test course by selecting 2 courses from Sports Sociology , Sports Education, and Physical Measurement Evaluation . The Level 1 Sports/Exe. Specialist include disability sports theory , prevention and treatment of sports injuries , physical evaluation and competition analysis , sports psychology analysis , training theory , I think it is desirable to have training theory and to choose one subject from the remaining subjects.

Desarrollo de competencias mediante ABP y evaluación con rúbricas en el trabajo en grupo en Educación Superior

<p>La investigación acerca del desarrollo de competencias con ABP ha crecido mucho en los últimos años, sin embargo, no se han investigado sus consecuencias sobre procesos psicosociales, como la creatividad, liderazgo entre iguales y cohesión de equipo en el trabajo en grupo. En este trabajo además se analizan las diferencias en el nivel competencial de 16 grupos de 4 estudiantes de la asignatura Psicología Social del Deporte del Grado en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte como resultado de su participación en una metodología de ABP evaluada con rúbricas. Los instrumentos utilizados en esta experiencia se dividen en dos: la evaluación de competencias y la evaluación de variables psicológicas relacionadas, como el liderazgo entre iguales (Escala de Evaluación del Líder Deportivo), la creatividad (Potencial Creativo y de la Creatividad Practicada en el trabajo y en la organización) y la cohesión grupal (versión española reducida del GEQ). Los resultados demuestran un aumento en todas las competencias, aunque en creatividad y en planificación no se aprecian mejoras significativas. La única de las variables psicosociales que ha mejorado significativamente ha sido el factor Empatía y Responsabilidad del Liderazgo, aunque el tamaño del efecto es pequeño. Como conclusiones se ofrecen recomendaciones sobre el uso del ABP y la evaluación a través de rúbricas.</p>

Peri-training nutrition methods: advancements to dietary assessment in an athletic population.

Key opinion leaders in sport and exercise nutrition advocate for a personalised and periodised approach to dietary assessment and prescription. However, practice has not advanced to this level, making recommendations from key researchers unexploited in the applied setting. Our objective was to advance traditional nutritional assessment methods (data collection and analysis) of athletic populations to place training and competition stimulus at the core of a personalised, periodised approach. We term this approach peri-training nutrition (PTN). Novelty The PTN assessment allows researchers and practitioners to effect monitor habitual nutritional practices of athletes specific to athlete aims, training adaptation stimuli, and competitive events.

Responses to Ethical Violations by Female Sports Leaders: A Relational Approach

Psychology and Psychotherapy: Research Studys Responses to Ethical Violations by Female Sports Leaders: A Relational Approach Audrey J Murrell* and Ray Jones Professor of Business Administration, USA *Corresponding author: Audrey J Murrell, Professor of Business Administration, USA Submission: December 11, 2019 Published: December 18, 2019 DOI: 10.31031/PPRS.2020.03.000560 ISSN 2639-0612Volume3 Issue2

체육지도자 제도 개편에 따른 “한국체육사” 출제 경향 검토 및 시사점

체육지도자 제도 개편에 따른 “한국체육사” 출제 경향 검토 및 시사점

Women in Sport Leadership Positions in Malaysia: Issues and Challenges

Leadership is the process of influencing an organized group toward accomplishing common set goals, and it can also be defined as the ability of an individual to establish direction for a working group of individuals who gain commitment from this group of members to this direction and who then motivate these members to achieve the direction’s outcomes. Leadership, however, requires neither gender qualifications nor someone with communal or agentic characteristics but one with instinct potential to fulfil responsibilities. The purpose of the current study was to investigate how women leaders perceive the underrepresentation of women in top sport leadership positions in Malaysia. Guided by an interpretative phenomenological analysis approach, data were collected through in-depth, face to face semi structured interviews, observations and document analysis involving seven women leaders in national sport organizations. The findings showed that women were underrepresented in top leadership positions and the subjects revealed perceived barriers which they believe impede women’s ascend in top leadership positions. These barriers include personal limitations which include self-limiting behaviors and work-life conflict among women; sociocultural factors consisting of traditional practices and society’s perceptions; and organizational factors consisting of all-men’s network, gender discrimination and conflict among women. It was concluded that the underrepresentation of women sport leaders is a vicious cycle where there is a chain of events in which the response to one difficulty creates a new problem that intensify and aggravate the original situation.

Devenir, se maintenir, partir

Le monde du sport est marque par une division sexuee du travail associatif, domine par des logiques masculines. Les dirigeantes sportives semblent etre habilitees par des collectifs masculins, qui influencent le plus souvent les trajectoires associatives des femmes. A partir d’un travail d’enquete en deux temps (2003-2017), l’article propose de mettre le processus d’habilitation a l’epreuve du temps. Prendre place dans la direction des associations sportives passe par des epreuves pour faire ses preuves sous le jugement de collectifs masculins etablis. Pour se maintenir et evoluer, les femmes font face a des logiques de marginalisation, qui peuvent les amener a partir. Dans le cadre de ces processus, le vecu competitif et les transmissions associatives restent des remparts pour se preserver et durer. Ils sont a la base de la notion d’habilitation durable liee a un ordre sportif moral.

From Defectors to Cooperators: The Impact of 1956 on Athletes, Sport Leaders and Sport Policy in Socialist Hungary

AbstractThis article examines three case studies between 1951 and 1960 to illustrate how the 1956 Revolution and mass defection of Hungarian Olympic athletes following the Melbourne Games impacted the relations between Hungarian sport leaders and athletes. While sport leaders recognised the need to soften their policies towards athletes, athletes learned that socialist Hungary, and not the capitalist West, oftentimes offered them the best opportunities for their sport career and desired lifestyle. These changes shaped the emerging politics of cooperation in the post-1956 Hungarian sport community, in which cooperative members of both groups could achieve their respective diplomatic, career and lifestyle goals.