Layout Scenarios Research Articles

Hybrid Optimization Path Planning Method for AGV Based on KGWO.

To address the path planning problem for automated guided vehicles (AGVs) in challenging and complex industrial environments, a hybrid optimization approach is proposed, integrating a Kalman filter with grey wolf optimization (GWO), as well as incorporating partially matched crossover (PMX) mutation operations and roulette wheel selection. Paths are first optimized using GWO, then refined with Kalman filter corrections every ten iterations. Moreover, roulette wheel selection guides robust parent path selection, while an elite strategy and partially matched crossover (PMX) with mutation generate diverse offspring. Extensive simulations and experiments were carried out under a densely packed goods scenario and complex indoor layout scenario, within a fully automated warehouse environment. The results showed that this hybrid method not only enhanced the various optimization metrics but also ensured more predictable and collision-free navigation paths, particularly in environments with complex obstacles. These improvements lead to increased operational efficiency and safety, highlighting the method's potential in real-world applications.

Research on geometry optimization of park office buildings with the goal of zero energy

At the conceptual design stage, the building geometry design can predict the building load demand and renewable energy application potential to some extent. Geometry design interventions are critical to efficiently achieving the goal of zero-energy buildings. In the existing studies, the typicality and representativeness of the object geometry in the practice project are not high, and the influence of different geometry indices on energy savings and photovoltaic (PV) utilization potential under the same type of plane shape is rarely considered. In addition, the surrounding building shading situations considered are single. There is still significant room for improvement in the typical geometries selection and optimization condition settings. This paper presents a study of three typical park office building geometries in hot summer and cold winter regions. An optimization method based on the genetic algorithm and energy consumption simulation is proposed that takes into account both building energy savings and PV utilization potential improvements. The geometry-related indices of each typical geometry are then optimized under different PV layout scenarios and surrounding shading situations, and suitable geometry design strategies for typical office buildings are proposed under each optimization scenario. Geometry optimization can significantly reduce building energy consumption (the building energy-saving rate is 1.3–10.7 %) and increase PV generation (enhancement of 13.37–66.67 % for PV generation potential), thus lowering the net energy consumption of buildings. The findings of this study can be used to guide the design of park office building geometries in hot summer and cold winter regions with the goal of zero energy, as well as to promote the practice of zero-energy office buildings at the regional and national levels.

Agent-based post-earthquake evacuation simulation to enhance early-stage architectural layout and non-structural design

In the indoor design process, architects make crucial decisions regarding architectural layout and the selection of non-structural elements. However, there is a lack of comprehensive consideration for human evacuation behavior, specifically in the event of earthquake evacuation, during the design process. This paper bridges this gap by presenting the application of Agent-Based Building Earthquake Evacuation Simulation (AB2E2S). The paper assesses a post-earthquake evacuation simulation prototype, which integrates an agent-based simulation technique with probabilistic earthquake damage assessment. The model is applied to the case of the engineering building at The University of Auckland, to evaluate the impact of earthquake intensity, design, and behavioral variables on Safe Evacuation Time and number of casualties. Overall, this paper demonstrates the potential of the AB2E2S prototype to inform architects and designers about the effective selection of non-structural elements and architectural layout scenarios for post-earthquake evacuation during the schematic design process.

Spatial Layout of Vegetation Buffer Zones around Water Bodies to Avoid Non-Point Source Pollution in a Mining Area

The riparian vegetation buffer zone plays an important role in the prevention and control of non-point source pollution, and consideration should be given to selecting one with a lower cost and better effect. The SWAT model was used to simulate the regulation ability of riparian vegetation buffer zone layout on runoff, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the Jiawang Basin, and five different vegetation buffer zone layout scenarios were set up. The results showed that (1) the SWAT model has good applicability in simulating runoff and water quality in the Jiawang Basin; (2) the reduction rates of runoff, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in continuous forest riverbank buffer zones reached 2.46%, 6.63%, and 9.18%, and their regulatory effects were better than those in grasslands; (3) there is not much difference in the inhibitory effect of forest and grassland on total nitrogen, but the discontinuous forest buffer zone has a better reduction effect on total phosphorus than grassland. Therefore, in the actual arrangement of vegetation buffer zones, it should be tailored to local conditions to achieve ideal non-point source pollution prevention and control effects at a lower cost.

Energy enhancement through noise minimization using acoustic metamaterials in a wind farm

The determinantal noise pollution from wind turbines has constricted the acceptance of wind energy, posing health and environmental concerns. Existing solutions often compromise wind turbine efficiency or wind farm output, limiting the full utilization of wind energy. To address this challenge, we propose a novel method of effectively employing acoustic metamaterials (AMMs) inside a wind farm that leverages phase cancellation for noise suppression and energy enhancement. Through a combined phase retrieval, noise propagation model, and genetic algorithm, we determine the optimal layout and structural design of these AMMs inside a wind farm to minimize noise. We present two AMM designs, full-walled and segmented, and demonstrate their effectiveness for both single-turbine and multiple-turbine layout scenarios by achieving 91% (in Pa) and 10%–68% (in Pa) noise reduction, respectively, compared to reference layouts. Furthermore, we exhibit the AMM's impact in enhancing the energy throughput of wind farms by installing an additional wind turbine in a noise-restricted area of an existing AMM-equipped wind farm while maintaining a 70% (in Pa) reduction in noise levels. This approach paves the way for constructing wind farms near urban-suburban areas, complying with landscaping and visual government policies, and securing community acceptance towards sustainable power generation systems.

Determining the optimal layout of energy-dissipating mechanisms for hybrid self-centering walls

To eliminate the inherent energy dissipation deficiency of self-centering walls, hybrid self-centering walls (HSWs) have been developed by employing internal or external energy dissipating (ED) mechanisms. Mild steel bars have been extensively used as energy dissipators among ED mechanisms due to their affordability and simplicity. This study investigated the effect of ED bars layout on the damage, response features, collapse probability and collapse risk of HSWs. To this end, five different layout scenarios were defined first, and their response was studied by developing numerical models. Conducting nonlinear static and dynamic analyses (IDA), the scenarios damage, response features, collapse probability and risk were estimated and further examined to determine the optimal ED bars layout. Fragility analysis was performed on global and local scales, using IDA results, to estimate scenarios collapse probability. The results revealed that the wall with ED bars at the boundary elements outperformed other scenarios. Placing ED bars at the boundary elements of HSWs decreases the self-centering capability, fundamental period, collapse probability and the extent and severity of damage (especially in toe regions), while increases the energy dissipation capacity, adjusted collapse margin ratio and structural demand. Increasing ED bars cross-sectional area increases the extent and severity of damage. Using IDA results, the wall with ED bars at the boundary elements achieved the lowest ductility ratio; moreover, the response modification factor 3 was recommended for the strength-based design of HSWs. An optimality index (OI) was proposed herein to interpret the results quantitatively and determine the optimal layout. The calculated OI showed that placing ED bars at the boundary elements or along the wall width can be considered the optimal ED bars layout for achieving better seismic performance and decreasing the collapse probability and seismic risk of HSWs.

Influence of Alevinage Time in the Optimization of Tambaqui Biomass Production in Semi-Intensive Fish Farming in the Northern Region of Amazonas

Objective: To evaluate the weight mix for the market obtained with variation in the pre-fixed fingerlings time, for the cultivation of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in a semi-dug tank. Theoretical framework: The parameters evaluated regarding resources are, the tanks, each of which has its own capacity, its own state variable, which includes fish biomass, growth function and mortality rate. And identifying potential alternatives and making better decisions that optimize biomass production are important, but that take into account the reduction of its environmental impact. Method: The model incorporates two types of input variables. The discrete event variable, which comprises the number of fish in each batch, the number of tanks available, the time between the arrival of fingerlings in the system and the frequency of classification by weight for the market. The second refers to the continuous time variable, involving the weight of the fish, dissolved oxygen (DO) available to the fish, and feed consumption. Results and conclusions: The analysis showed that the decision variables are the quantities of fish, with the premise of final weight of 0.5 kg, 1 kg and 2 kg which are related to the hatching time pre-fixed at entry as “30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 days” in phase I, results in the optimization of production, target weight for the market as a function of time, in layout scenarios of 5 and 10 tanks, with the premise of harvesting in both, with Mix weight with 0.5kg, 1kg and 0.5kg, 1kg, 2kg to maximize net profit. Considering that the transition between growth phases is a stochastic process, which satisfies the Markov property. It was possible to define the balance between the input and output of the system. Research implications: The study is of great relevance, as it describes a sequential queue through the growth phases in relation to time, capable of determining the optimization of production with weight mix to maximize net profit. Originality/value: The research reveals that it is possible to use queuing theory analyzes in stochastic processes, evaluating the transition between time phases, which satisfies the Markov property.

Beam layout design of shear wall structures based on graph neural networks

Beam placement in shear wall systems is crucial in transferring vertical loads from floors to shear walls, ensuring structural integrity and optimal performance. Existing solutions using deep generative algorithms rely on pixel images and involve many model parameters, resulting in high computational costs. To address this issue, this paper presents a method based on graph neural networks (GNNs) with robust topological feature extraction capabilities. The method generates potential beam layout scenarios by incorporating architectural layouts, devising scheme design inputs and leveraging engineering experience. Adopting the proposed approach reduces the number of beam layout scenarios and significantly improves computation efficiency. The efficacy is demonstrated through various test cases, suggesting that the beam layouts designed by the proposed method closely resemble those by engineers.

Hydrodynamic investigation on a three-unit oscillating water column array system deployed under different coastal scenarios

To harvest the available wave power in marine areas as much as possible, the deployment of arrays of oscillating water columns (OWCs) is promising and a preferred scheme. In the present work, by making full use of the advantages of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technique in capturing the complex and variable flow field characteristics in the interaction process between the OWC array and nonlinear waves, an array system with three cylindrical OWC units aligned in line was numerically investigated. The numerical model was verified against the experimental tests, including the scenarios wherein an isolated cylindrical OWC and multiple cylindrical OWC devices, respectively, were located in a wave flume. To avoid the improper configuration that may cause inefficiency, and give full play to the superiority of the array configuration in wave power extraction, the performance of the OWC array deployed under different coastal scenarios, including deployed offshore, located in front of and embedded into a straight coast, was quantitatively compared. The effects of the transverse spacing between the sub-units in the array on the wave power capture width ratio were examined. The results indicate that among the three layout scenarios, the case of being embedded into a straight coast is the most preferred scheme as the coast effect and the array effect both can impose a constructive interaction between the OWC units, especially under a relatively larger transverse spacing condition. The scheme of being located in front of a straight coast has a certain extent of ineffectiveness due to the triggered total reflection phenomenon on the windward side of structures under a specific wave condition, which was also proved by establishing a theoretical model based on the potential flow theory. There is a location criterion for identifying the zero-value of the capture width ratio, thus inappropriate deployment when located in front of a straight coast that may cause inefficiency can be prevented. Compared to the case that an isolated OWC device is embedded into a coast, the superiority of the array system can be demonstrated when the transverse spacing is designed as a relatively larger value.

Simulation Analysis of the Efficiency of Evacuation Entrances of Strip-like Metro Commercial Streets: A Case Study of Wuhan Business District Metro Station

The high-performance evacuation of commercial streets is the primary requirement for subway planning and construction. This study introduces a simulation and analysis framework to analyze the evacuation efficiency of a strip subway commercial street with the same number of entrances and exits and different entrance positions. The study modifies the entrances/exits of strip-shaped metro business street plans in a simulation approach to analyze the variation in evacuation effectiveness under varying exit layouts, as well as the effects of different escape entries on the subway commercial street. The study aims to find the optimized spatial structure of evacuation entrances of strip-like metro commercial streets. In this simulation approach, the scenarios of different combinations of entrances and exits, the floating scenario of the number of people to be evacuated, and the scenario of adjusting the proportion of elevator personnel were simulated. Through comparing the evacuation times of these simulated layout scenarios, this study finds that equidistant interval insertion-type entrance and exit arrangements of strip-shaped metro business street plans are better suited to improving evacuation efficiency. This finding can be used as a manual to improve the evacuation capacity of subway commercial streets, which will be helpful for the planning and design of subway commercial streets.

Parametric Analysis and Design of a Power Plant to Recover Low-Grade Heat From Data Center Electronics by Using Liquid Nitrogen

Abstract The purpose of this article is to expound recovery of low-grade heat deriving from cooling data center electronics, in order to sustain a thermodynamic cycle of the Rankine type, using cryogenic nitrogen as the working fluid. A novel conception of an energy plant is proposed and considered where these resources are available. The evaporator, built in a closed and thermally insulated vessel, is the key component. Liquid nitrogen is evaporated by means of an immersed serpentine, which provides for thermal power and produces pressurized gas. A supplementary reservoir acts as superheater, as well as buffer. The plant is completed with a turbo-expander that generates power and a pump to recirculate the fluid. A thermodynamic model is developed. A dimensioning procedure for all the subsystems is reported, while a verification analysis is made to detect the maximum pressure that can be exerted. Hence, an in-depth parametric analysis is made for two-plant layout scenarios, based on the presence (1) and absence (2) of the supplementary tank. The simulations are aimed at determining all the operating parameters of the plant, as well as the performance. The results show that pressure is beneficial for performance, presenting scenario 1 as better than scenario 2. The maximum nitrogen pressurization is 12 bar, which corresponds to an electric efficiency of 31.5%, under a thermal supply of 2.79 kW per 1 kW of net electric power produced.

An Interactive Differential Evolution Algorithm Based on Backtracking Strategy Applied in Interior Layout Design

The Interior layout model is to optimize the arrangement position of each room to maximize the comfort and quality of life of residents. Due to the complexity of the Interior layout problem, the computation of fitness function costs lots of time. To reduce the high computational cost while maintaining the solution performance. An interactive differential evolution algorithm based on Backtracking operator (IDE-BO) is proposed as the solver of the Interior layout model. The human-computer interaction mechanism of IDE benefits the automatic adjustment of fitness parameters that best meet the user’s subjective preferences to achieve the optimal solution. At the same time, the backtracking strategy can also help jump out when the algorithm falls into local optimization. The IDE is compared to other two conventional optimization methods based on two different layout scenarios. The experimental results show that in interior layout model IDE-BO is better than conventional interactive genetic algorithm (IGA) and IDE which do not use BO strategy, the super-performance of IDE-BO in complex situations in terms of execution time and convergence rate.

Offshore wind farm layouts designer software's

Offshore wind energy can be considered one of the renewable energy sources with high force potential installed in marine areas. Consequently, the best wind farm layouts identified for constructing combined offshore renewable energy farms are crucial. To this aim, offshore wind potential analysis is essential to highlight the best offshore wind layouts for farm installation and development. Furthermore, the offshore wind farm layouts must be designed and developed based on the offshore wind accurate assessment to identify previously untapped marine regions. In this case, the wind speed distribution and correlation, wind direction, gust speed and gust direction for three sites have been analyzed, and then two offshore wind farm layout scenarios have been designed and analyzed based on two offshore wind turbine types in the Northwest Persian Gulf. In this case, offshore wind farm layouts software and tools have been reviewed as ubiquitous software tools. The results show Beacon M28 and Sea Island buoys location that the highest correlation between wind and gust speeds is between 87% and 98% in Beacon M28 and Sea Island Buoy, respectively. Considerably, the correlation between wind direction and wind speed is negligible. The Maximum likelihood algorithm, the WAsP algorithm, and the Least Squares algorithm have been used to analyze the wind energy potential in offshore buoy locations of the Northwest Persian Gulf. In addition, the wind energy generation potential has been evaluated in different case studies. For example, the Umm Al-Maradim buoy area has excellent potential for offshore wind energy generation based on the Maximum likelihood algorithm, WAsP algorithm, and Least Squares algorithm.

COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN FOR ARCHITECTURAL SPACE PLANNING OF COMMERCIAL EXHIBITIONS - A FRAMEWORK FOR VISITORS INTERACTION USING PARAMETRIC DESIGN AND AGENT-BASED MODELING

Using computational tools for evaluating spatial layouts of commercial exhibitions provides an opportunity for assessment of performance before execution. However, most evaluation techniques take into consideration only the physical qualities of the built environment, excluding important factors such as crowds. Crowds are essentially dynamic obstacles that hinder visibility and can induce flight response, but they are also a sign of good exposure when in reasonable amounts. This is mostly due to the challenge of quantifying spatial qualities such as users’ interaction and movement for computational representations. This paper proposes a framework using agent-based modeling for simulating user interaction in commercial exhibition spaces combined with a parametric representation of the built environment. The framework is then evaluated by applying it to a case-study of three layout scenarios in a generic exhibition hall. The simulation results show that layouts with vertical aisles, and less horizontal aisles have better footfall distribution.

Improving food system sustainability: Grid-scale crop layout model considering resource-environment-economy-nutrition

Rapidly growing population has led to increasing food demands and greater food system pressure. It is urged to find a way to improve the sustainability of food system. Therefore, this study attempted to develop a regional crop layout model (CAMOO-Crop) combining cellular automata model with multi-objective optimization model to improve food system sustainability. The model can (1) consider the carbon sequestration of farmland vegetation, carbon emissions from production inputs, and human demand for crop nutrient supply, (2) balance the trade-offs among multiple dimensions of resource, environment, economy and nutrition in the crop food system, (3) obtain grid-scale crop space layout schemes considering special distribution. The model was applied to the Shiyang River Basin in China to verify its effectiveness. After optimization, crop water productivity per unit area increased by 2.12%, carbon sequestration increased by 0.32%, carbon emission decreased by 1.87%, the net benefit increased by 2.66%, carbohydrate supply decreased by 0.19%, calcium supply increased by 5.74%. In addition, a cropland-scale food system sustainability evaluation index system was constructed, and the Food System Sustainability Index (FSSI) and Coupling Coordination Degree (CCD) were introduced to evaluate the sustainability of food systems under different crop layout scenarios. The results showed that compared with single-objective model scenario and the status quo, CAMOO-Crop model performed best, with FSSI from 0.70 to 0.91; CCD from 0.83 to 0.95. The developed model can promote sustainable development of the regional food system and guide decision-makers to rationally distribute regional crops.

Spatial layout optimization of green infrastructure based on life-cycle multi-objective optimization algorithm and SWMM model

Rapid urbanization and more frequent urban floods instigated by climate change make traditional gray infrastructure become less effective and efficient. Green infrastructure (GI) have proved to be effective measures to address urban floods. Whether the GI layout can yield significant benefits and low investment cost requires further exploration. Besides, the type, size, and location of GI needs to be optimized to achieve better performance. A life-cycle evaluation framework coupled with a multi-objective optimization algorithm (NSGA-II) and SWMM was proposed for GI layout optimization. The framework took investment cost, economic-environmental-social monetization benefit, and runoff control capacity into consideration. Tongzhou District in Beijing was selected for empirical analysis. Simulation results reveled that GIs performed good in runoff control and the optimal layout under 10-year return period was recommended. The total cost and benefit of the recommended layout is 6.34×109 RMB and 8.36×106 RMB/Design rainfall, respectively, which outperforms than other scenarios. Permeable pavement accounted for the highest proportion in the optimized layout scenario. For actual construction, decision-makers should select appropriate measures according to local conditions (e.g., precipitation, land use type, cost of GIs) and choose the optimal layout scheme according to their preference. Results displayed can provide a reproducible and dependable planning scheme for future Sponge City construction in China.

Optimization and trade-off framework for coupled green-grey infrastructure considering environmental performance

Implementing runoff control infrastructure has been regarded as an efficacious measure in stormwater management. The issue of its cost-effectiveness is a primary concern for decision makers since it is an exorbitant investment. However, most of existed studies only concentrated on the cost-effectiveness optimization of runoff control infrastructure, especially green infrastructure, between hydrological and economic aspects, and therefore, the potential layout scenarios with high extra environmental benefits could be neglected in the traditional two-dimensional frameworks. In this study, a novel carbon dioxide equivalent-based index was quantified to represent the extra environmental benefits of runoff control infrastructure besides stormwater management and was further integrated into the assessment framework. The effectiveness of green and grey infrastructure was comprehensively evaluated and traded off between hydrological, environmental and economic aspects. The results demonstrated that grey infrastructure is a better measure than green infrastructure when only hydrological (HF index) and economic (CI index) performances were considered. Nevertheless, the environmental performance (EROI index) of green infrastructure prevails over grey infrastructure, and when optimizing green and grey infrastructure simultaneously in the three-dimensional framework considering environmental effectiveness, green infrastructure is comparable with grey infrastructure. Furthermore, an appropriate composition of coupled green-grey infrastructure is requisite, which could achieve an optimal trade-off between hydrological and environmental effectiveness. The sources of environmental benefits were also identified and analyzed from three representative preference scenarios. The findings of the study could serve as a trade-off basis between green and grey infrastructure, as well as between EROI and HF.

Modeling the impacts of fully-filled check dams on flood processes using CAESAR-lisflood model in the Shejiagou catchment of the Loess Plateau, China

Study regionThe Shejiagou catchment on the Loess Plateau, China Study focusThis study used CAESAR-lisflood to simulate the impacts on flood processes of fully-filled check dams with different numbers, silt land areas and connection modes. According to the model results, the protective measures of fully-filled check dams and recommendations for promoting the construction of check dams were proposed in the study. New hydrological insights for the regionCAESAR-lisflood model in the study obtained higher accuracy with both the Nash-Sutcliff coefficient of efficiency and the coefficient of determination greater than 0.8. Our results showed the presence of fully-filled check dams made the flood process tend to balance, and reduced the flood volume by 9.56–75.52%, peak discharge by 14.25–89.74%, runoff kinetic energy by 30.21–99.75% and runoff power by 20.17–95.23% under different layout scenarios. Meanwhile, the results indicated that the impacts of fully-filled check dams in main channel mainly manifested in the energy dissipation of silt land and energy increase at the outside slope of dam body, which was aggravated by downstream channel with steep slope. The combination of fully-filled check dams could amplify the flood control efficiency of individual dam. These results provide a scientific basis for reinforcement of fully-filled check dams and optimization of check dams layout in the future on the Chinese Loess Plateau.

MetaGanFi

Human has an unique gait and prior works show increasing potentials in using WiFi signals to capture the unique signature of individuals' gait. However, existing WiFi-based human identification (HI) systems have not been ready for real-world deployment due to various strong assumptions including identification of known users and sufficient training data captured in predefined domains such as fixed walking trajectory/orientation, WiFi layout (receivers locations) and multipath environment (deployment time and site). In this paper, we propose a WiFi-based HI system, MetaGanFi, which is able to accurately identify unseen individuals in uncontrolled domain with only one or few samples. To achieve this, the MetaGanFi proposes a domain unification model, CCG-GAN that utilizes a conditional cycle generative adversarial networks to filter out irrelevant perturbations incurred by interfering domains. Moreover, the MetaGanFi proposes a domain-agnostic meta learning model, DA-Meta that could quickly adapt from one/few data samples to accurately recognize unseen individuals. The comprehensive evaluation applied on a real-world dataset show that the MetaGanFi can identify unseen individuals with average accuracies of 87.25% and 93.50% for 1 and 5 available data samples (shot) cases, captured in varying trajectory and multipath environment, 86.84% and 91.25% for 1 and 5-shot cases in varying WiFi layout scenarios, while the overall inference process of domain unification and identification takes about 0.1 second per sample.

Optimizing the layout of coupled grey-green stormwater infrastructure with multi-objective oriented decision making

In urban water management, the green infrastructures and grey infrastructures are complementary in function, effectively alleviating urban flooding and non-point source pollution. Coupled grey-green infrastructures will bring multiple benefits to cities, such as ecological, environmental, economic, and social benefits. However, there is still a lack of a coupled optimization layout method for green and grey infrastructures under different objective oriented benefits. The optimal layout ratio of each infrastructure is not clear. In this study, a multi-objective optimization framework was proposed to optimize the layout of coupled grey-green infrastructures. Firstly, this framework established a hierarchy structure of benefits evaluation with a monetization method to estimate the monetized net benefits, costs and environmental benefits for directly comparing the benefits and cost. Secondly, the monetized benefits and costs were used as the objective functions in the optimization problem, which were resolved by an elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) to obtain the optimal grey-green infrastructure layout ratios (i.e., decision variables) for balancing the conflicting objectives. A case study of a district in Xi'an was used for validation. Results show that the green roof layout ratio is 7.6%–9.9%, and tends to be within the higher ratio values in all return periods. The other two green infrastructures have a larger range of optimal layout ratios, which varies significantly with different solutions. Although the optimal layout scenarios are different for different objectives, the coupled grey-green layout significantly improves the net benefits and environmental benefits. Compared to the deterministic scenario, the net benefit of the optimized scenario increase by 2.39 × 106CNY and 2.31 × 106CNY under the same cost or environmental benefit, respectively. This study provides a piece of evidence in support of urban stormwater management and evaluates the effectiveness of coupled grey-green infrastructures.