Layout Of Housing Research Articles

Noise pollution of the territories adjacent to the automobile road and some means of fighting it

Problem. The article discusses the issues related to environmental pollution by road traffic noise and considers possible solutions to these problems. The article has a review character and applies a systematic approach based on general scientific methodological principles that take into account objects as systems. The objects of study in this article are the noise load from the highway and the means of protection against it.
 Several methods of protection against noise pollution of residential areas adjacent to the highway are considered. Goal. The goal is to analyze noise pollution from highways and analyze solutions to reduce this pollution. Methodology. This research is aimed at analyzing measures to reduce the level of noise arising from traffic and create comfortable conditions for residents of settlements located near highways. Results. Environmental sustainability can be taken into account in the design and construction of noise barriers by using, for example, materials with high renewable amendability or materials that can be recycled. With the right choice of materials, design and placement of noise barriers, a significant reduction in environmental noise levels can be achieved and the quality of life of the occupants can be improved. In each case, a sound engineering assessment should be carried out and an individualized plan developed to achieve optimal noise protection results. The overall effectiveness of noise barriers will be determined by a large number of factors, and each project should be analyzed and designed in detail to meet specific needs and conditions. Practical value. These measures help to improve the quality of life and preserve the health of residents by creating comfortable and safe living conditions. The general approach to noise protection in residential areas involves integrated planning, which takes into account the noise characteristics of transport routes and roads, as well as the design of buildings and the internal layout of housing. This helps to create favourable conditions for residents and reduce the negative impact of noise on their physical and psychological health.

Energy-efficient residential building in Uzbekistan using local renewable raw materials based on the historical layout of housing

This article delves into the benefits of using low-tech, renewable, and local materials in architecture. Specifically, it compares the use of clay and straw with modern construction techniques, highlighting the significantly lower energy costs associated with the former. Through studies of thermophysical conditions, the thermal properties of walls made from these materials have been determined, which plays a crucial role in creating a comfortable microclimate inside buildings. Furthermore, research has identified buildings at risk due to their load-bearing capacity, leading to the development of construction methods for strengthening earthen walls that can be applied in building design and construction practice. Thanks to these newly developed methods and technologies, the construction of earth and straw buildings is now possible on a wider scale, including both standard and special designs.

The Spatial Analysis and Enhancement of Social Housing in Seoul

Seoul is the first city in South Korea to provide affordable social housing, beginning in 2015. Despite the importance of studying its space, configuration, and functionality, which impact the residents’ quality of life, research on social housing in Seoul is sparse. The purpose of this study is twofold: (1) to analyze the spatial layout and utilization of social housing and (2) to compare it to the layout and utilization of public rental housing provided by Seoul Housing & Communities Corporation (SH). A total of 120 units from 30 social housing projects open to the public in Seoul were selected. This study found that social housing in Seoul primarily consists of compact housing units targeting young adults and newlywed couples, with a high proportion of diverse spatial configurations. In South Korea, while the SH specialized floor plan is commonly used as a standardized prototype in contemporary apartments, the floor plans for social housing exhibit a broader range of shapes and spatial configurations. Distinct criteria are employed for space separation in designing social housing. Separating bedrooms or kitchens may be the priority depending on the specific housing unit, resulting in multiple layouts. The results suggest that ongoing research could contribute to exploring improved approaches for region-specific social housing design and enhancing residential environments.

Understanding successful transition to independent living: A qualitative study of young adults with disabilities

BackgroundIndependent Living (IL) involves having choice and control over where and with whom one lives. People with disabilities are less likely to live independently than their peers without disabilities. ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to understand the perceptions of young adults with mobility disabilities regarding IL, how they define IL, and what advice they would give others considering living a more independent life. MethodSemi-structured interviews were conducted with six young adults with mobility disabilities who had successfully transitioned to living independently. A content analysis was used to identify emergent themes from the interviews. ResultsResults indicate that participants had individualized perceptions of the definition of IL. Participants identified many barriers and facilitators to IL, including the physical layout of housing, available amenities, and social support. They recommended preparing for IL in advance and taking advantage of outside resources to enable a successful transition. ConclusionYoung adults with mobility disabilities define IL in various ways, which may have an impact on whether they consider their transition to IL successful. Findings can be used to guide recommendations for young people with disabilities to use to ensure a successful transition to IL.

Post-occupancy Modification and the Effect on the Aesthetic Layout of Low-income Housing Estates in Owerri Metropolis

The housing units in the low-income housing estates in Owerri metropolis show significant modifications of the exterior and interior spaces as well as in the site and estate layouts. The nature of Post-Occupancy modification in four housing estates; Aladinma Housing Estate (AHE), Federal Housing Estate Egbeada (FHEE), Trans-Egbu Housing Estate (TEHE), World Bank Housing Estate (WBHE), which includes Addition of rooms, Alteration of site arrangement, Alteration of fence design, Alteration of roofing pattern. Addition of shop spaces, total modification and change of use were studied and the effect of these unauthorized and poorly planned modifications on the aesthetic layout of the study area were analyzed. One sample test of proportion was used to analyze the research hypothesis and the result showed that the post-occupancy Modification of these housing estates has significantly affected the aesthetic layout of the housing estates studied negatively. The following recommendations were made; the need for more pragmatic and proactive action by the development control of the study area in enforcing already existing building regulations of minimum setbacks and building coverage which most layouts flaunted. Future housing designs should be more flexible to accommodate some level of modifications that will be monitored for compliance by the development control.

PERUBAHAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT NEGERI HENA LIMA PASCA BENCANA BANJIR WAE ELA DI KECAMATAN LEIHITU KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH

ABSTRACT Intention of this research is to depict the condition of social change of society of Hena Lima pasca of disaster of floods of Wae Ela Yar 25 July 2013. Data collecting done by observation, interview and documentation. Research informan is society of victim of disaster of floods of Wae Ela Yar, elite figure, governmental of Hena Lima. this Research Result that first; the happening of social life change of society of pasca of disaster of floods Wae Ela marked with the change of at regional layout of resident housing, social relation of neighbour and consanquinity progressively go away the, change also at education systems, change of at social class status of society, individual attitude. [Both/ second]; Economic life change of society namely immeasurable progressively it society living among others as building labour, merchant, and other service work. Affect the change cause the society progressively individualism, estranged public relations progressively and more egoist having the character of and also feel depend on relief fund floods. Keywords: Social Change, Hena Lima, Floods

Research on the layout of low energy consumption ecological housing for farmers and herdsmen in cold regions based on climate adaptability

This researching combined the demand of settling down of farmers and herdsman living in cold region, and traditional ecological residential experience. Considering the climate conditions of cold region, and taking full advantages of solar energy and other renewable energy technologies, new planning forms of dwellings which based on low cost, high performance, low carbon, green and healthy are explored from the perspective of architecture space organizing design. Comparing their energy saving mode through different village layouts and forms of single architecture spaces, such kinds of building forms of dwellings which reflected their local architectural style are worked out, and also adapted to the local lifestyle of residents.

Реализация партийно-государственной социальной программы в 1960—80-е годы: жилищное строительство в Ульяновске и Димитровграде

The article analyzes the features of the formation and development of the construction industry in the Ulyanovsk region in the 1960-80ies, as well as the state of the material and technical base of construction. The relevance of the study is due to both the historiographical lacuna on this topic and the degree of high social significance of the housing construction sector. A detailed analysis of the housing policy of local authorities in Ulyanovsk and Dimitrovgrad is necessary to recreate the historical reality that has developed in the region during this period. The main difficulties of implementing the programme of mass housing construction are revealed. Archival data from the funds of the State archive of the Ulyanovsk region and the State archive of the modern history of the Ulyanovsk region are introduced into scientific circulation, materials of the periodical press are involved. It is noted that the construction was characterized by construction monotony, questionable architectural value of buildings, allowed irrational layout of housing: small apartments with low ceilings, small kitchens, walk-through rooms. The authors claim that the campaign initiated by the local party bodies in the 1960ies-1980ies to build residential quarters in Ulyanovsk and Dimitrovgrad helped to significantly relieve tensions in the housing sector: the population was provided with comfortable housing, resettlement from communal apartments, barracks, dilapidated housing was carried out.

Brick by Brick: Building Modern Towns in the Senegal River Valley

Today across Africa people are building homes and infrastructure that communicates their aspirations and achievements through particular, local interpretations of a contemporary modernity. People are building homes and public spaces that represent the permanence of their connection to place – the physical site of the home – while at the same time expressing their own visions of modernity, which highlight cosmopolitan connections and tastes. The rural towns of the Senegal River Valley are experiencing a building boom in response to a growing population, an influx of migrant remittances, and widely held desires for “modern” durable housing and public infrastructure. New homes in the Senegal River Valley frequently offer a mix of tradition and innovation: generally adhering to a traditional layout while making use of new materials and amenities. The construction of a new home with “modern” styling and amenities is also a mark of status and wealth. In addition, new health clinics and schools bring desired public services and new mosques increase the prestige of the community. This presentation focuses on the ways that the architecture of the rural towns of the Senegal River Valley has changed over the course of the past 30 years. I will discuss the aesthetics and spatial layout of new housing, commercial, and public buildings, emphasizing how local people interpret these changes, and the ways that these developments have both challenged and reinforced the social fabric of communities.

The modification of North China quadrangles in response to rural social and economic changes in agricultural villages: 1970–2010s

In Chinese agricultural villages, housing provides multiple functions for rural households. With the transition of state policies and regional socio-economic development in China over the last 40 years, farmers have modified the layout and form of rural housing to adapt to the shifts in their livelihoods and lifestyles. Rural housing built by the remittances of migrant workers has produced negative externalities in densely populated agricultural regions, whilst in some villages, traditional housing has been demolished as part of settlement rationalization plans, with peasants relocated to apartment-style housing. These practices have been controversial and generated conflicts between peasants and local governments. Thus, rural housing has become a theoretical and practical problem in rural China that cannot be resolved with a “one-size-fits-all plan or policy”. Based on field surveys and interviews in three case villages, this paper examines how the form and layout of North China quadrangles (NCQs, or Huabei siheyuan), the four-sided folk housing built by people of the Han nationality in northern China, have been modified since the 1970s. We discuss the land use problems arising from the evolution of NCQs and options for solutions. We found that NCQs in agricultural villages have undergone several dramatic modifications: NCQs built during the collectivist agriculture era (1970s) were traditional in style but had reduced functions; NCQs built during the agriculture intensification era (1980s to mid-1990s) played an important role in agriculture production; and NCQs built in the cyclical migration era (mid-1990s to date) are typically modern and spacious. These modifications to the form of NCQs can be seen as adaptation and survival strategies of rural households in response to socio-economic transitions, their changing livelihoods, and changes in their needs over the course of their lives. Today, rural houses with varied qualities, abandoned houses, and empty plots of land coexist and intermingle together in rural settlements. To manage this chaotic situation, we suggest macro-level solutions with targeted measures to respect variations in farmers’ characteristics and interests and avoid impairing the diversity and adaptability of rural folk housing.

HUBUNGAN LAYOUT PERUMAHAN DAN FAKTOR KRIMINALITAS DI PERUMNAS AIR PUTIH SAMARINDA

The enormous growth of Samarinda confronted the people with great problems of environmental pressures, included physical, social and economic factors. One of the social factors is crime. Crime rates tended to increase in urban areas, such as in public housings. Layout of public housing and crime were the two parameters. The object of this research was to analyze the correlation between housing layout and crime in Air Putih Public Housing, Samarinda. The method was deductive qualitative research. It was an empiric research, using case study. The results of this research, most factors correlated between housing layout and crime, were direct connection between single house with housing access (direct connection increased crime), the depths of space (the deeper space created more secure), index axial connectivity (more scores of index - more crime vulnerability), and mixed use (more houses near facilities area created more secure – while less houses created more crime). Less factor were access (direct or indirect) to a single house, traffic jam, width of the road, and house position in row. Unrelated factors were access (direct or indirect) to Perumnas Air Putih & zone 1-4, adjacency of single house to road junction, linear row, and house facing direction.

The design strategy of green rural housing of Tibetan areas in Yunnan, China

Abstract In order to improve living environment for the villages in Tibetan areas of Yunnan, this paper takes Shangri-La’s wooden architecture as research objects, analyses the site selection, plane layout, facade design, building materials and fabric detail of traditional rural housing by investigation. The paper also extracts the local inherent eco-technologies, and identifies the shortcomings of rural housing. Aimed at the flawed characteristics of Tibetan building such as the scattered building location, high Shape coefficient, less–story, poor insulation, massive energy consumption and redundant land occupation, this paper researches adaptable design strategies of green rural housing which is suitable to local condition, so as to boost the sustainable development of rural construction of Tibetan areas in Yunnan.

장유신도시 주거환경에 대한 거주 후 평가

The purpose of the study was to perform the post-occupancy evaluation of housing environments of Jangyou New Town in Gimhae. The data for the analysis was collected through questionnaire survey method from August 10 to 27, 2010, and the sample consisted of 524 respondents living in apartment complexes in Jangyou. The features of housing environment were categorized into unit housing, apartment complex, and neighborhood and total 28 specific items were included in the evaluation. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance with Duncan's multiple range tests. The results were as follows: 1) Overall evaluation of housing environment of the residents in Jangyou were relatively high, expecially in floor plan layout of unit housing, self-expression through apartment complex, and natural environment of neighborhood. 2) The demographic and housing variables that had significant influences on the post-occupancy evaluation were age of the respondent, monthly income, apartment size and tenure type of apartment. Respondents who were over sixty years old, with monthly income of less than 2,000,000 won, or living in public rental apartments were more likely to evaluate overall housing environment positively than rest of the respondents.

HOUSING IN LATE ANTIQUITY: THEMATIC PERSPECTIVES

This chapter gives an overview of various aspects of late antique housing, referring to the key works and contributions in this field. Archaeological remains represent the best evidence for the appearance and function of late antique residential buildings. Late antique written sources include descriptions of villas and houses, as do earlier works. To understand the layout, function and appearance of housing in Late Antiquity, social factors must be born in mind. Changing socio-political relations in Late Antiquity directly affected the layout of prestigious aristocratic residences. In particular, there was an increasing need to accommodate large reception spaces and dining facilities necessary for the fulfillment of 'public' tasks within a domestic context. Early Medieval cities developed new features, which in many cases originated in Late Antiquity. The legacy of Late Antiquity was equally obvious in the countryside, where large numbers of rural villas continued to survive long into the Medieval Period. Keywords: aristocratic residences; Early Medieval cities; late antique housing; socio-political relations

Crossing the Mangrove of Order and Prejudice

de la mangrove, Maryse Conde's fifth novel and her first set solely in Guadeloupe, is structured around intertwined quests that reflect the search for identity grounding much of Caribbean literature. The death of its main protagonist, Francis Sancher, and his subsequent wake, provide the villagers of Riviere au Sel with an opportunity to reflect on their past and current plights and to ponder their future. Neither Sancher, who sought to unearth the truth about his forbears' plantation, nor the villagers, who offer glimpses of their hopes and thwarted dreams, succeed, however, in unweaving the complex web of village life. Aware of the opacity that shrouds Caribbean origins, Conde purposely fails to provide any insight into Sancher's death or any clear path away from the ethno-social order and the prejudices pervading Riviere au Sel. As Priska Degras argues, Traversee de la mangrove is as much an exploration of the painful opacity of individual and collective stories as a luminous demonstration of the multiple possibilities offered by novel writing. (1) The purpose of this essay is to examine the strategies Conde employs to explore the difficult quest for Caribbean identity by challenging the past, revealing a complex present, and tracing a potential future through a reexamination of island topoi. Throughout the novel, Conde only scatters clues to her characters' elusive past, complex present, and uncertain future. Drawing upon one of the salient geographical features of the island, one character argues that Sancher's quest for identity is as fruitless as any attempt to cross a mangrove. She explains you'd spike yourself on the roots of the mangrove trees. You'd be sucked down and suffocated by the brackish mud. (2) Though several aspects of the novel support Vilma's comment, the very success of Conde's own literary endeavor paradoxically negates this statement. In her novel, she not only explores the mangrove of order and prejudice prevailing in Riviere au Sel, but also introduces readers to strategies for crossing it. An analysis of geographic markers in the novel, both natural and man-made, reveals that while the layout of Riviere au Sel reflects the enduring heritage of slavery and indentured servitude, forest tracks no longer lead inhabitants to a permanent refuge in the mornes [hills] as they supposedly did for marooning slaves, nor do all roads down to the plains lead to alienation in the canefields. Though Riviere au Sel may bear witness to the fact that the Caribbean past still structures ethnic and social relations in Guadeloupe, Conde alludes to a potentially different future for her Caribbean characters through her inversion of the symbolism associated with mornes and plains. At the time in which Conde situates de la mangrove--the mid to late twentieth century, slavery has been abolished for over one hundred years, indentured servitude is no longer practiced legally, and the French Caribbean islands of Guadeloupe and Martinique have ceased to be plantation economies. In a 1967 study entitled Morne-Paysan, Peasant Village in Martinique, the sociologist Michael H. Horowitz uncovers, however, a rural world where the past still dictates the division of land and power. Two aspects of life in Morne-Paysan shed light on the representation of village life in Conde's Riviere au Sel: the organization of economic exchange, and housing patterns. Though, as Horowitz explains, most of the villagers of Morne-Paysan grow crops both for home consumption and for Fort-de-France's markets, this integration of village life into a market economy has not yet wreaked havoc on traditional community life. Family members help each other readily with day care, transportation, field work, and major repairs. This communal life is reflected in the layout of housing. Though most houses are occupied by nuclear families, they are not fenced in; free passage between yards allows for an exchange of goods and services, as well as of much local gossip. …

An evaluation of a private sector residential layout guide

The layout guide discussed here is design guidance produced by a national housing development company to influence the layout of housing produced by its subsidiaries. The company has requested that it is not referred to by name. This paper compares the guide with public sector guidance, and evaluates the success of the guide in meeting its own objectives. Analysis is made of responses to public sector design guides, including the Essex Design Guide, and the private sector design guide is evaluated relative to these responses. In addition, 52 developments undertaken by the company in 11 regions of Britain are evaluated according to 20 criteria derived from the guide. Four case examples are also included to determine more specifically why particular schemes took the form they did. The implementation of the guide has been hindered by: the varying attitudes of company subsidiaries to the document; variation in design ability; local variations in the land and housing market; the varying value of the guide in application to differing sites; and the quality of land on which schemes are developed. Estate layouts have accorded with the guidance where land ownership and planning powers coincide or where motivation for good design has existed. The guide is different from public sector guides mainly because it can refer to a specific range of house types and it is primarily concerned with qualitative advice. The guide is similar to the public sector guides mainly in that it is not concerned explicitly with the costs of achieving improved layout, and it is also not based on consumer dissatisfaction with the previous housing produced by the company.

Ideals, priorities and harsh realities: Reconstruction and the LCC, 1945–51

This paper explores the relationship between the wartime ideals and the post‐war practice of reconstruction by focusing on the London County Council's post‐war housing programme. Given the importance of housing as one of the key issues on the home front, why had so little been achieved by 1951? The article describes the development of the LCC's post‐war housing plans and the absolute priority given to building as many houses as quickly as possible, a decision which led the Valuer to return to a pre‐war approach to location, layout and design of housing. This led directly to a conflict of interests, first, with the Council's architect, Forshaw, who wished to improve the quality of design and to ensure that LCC housing matched the standards proposed by the Dudley Report (1944), and, second, with the plans being prepared by Abercrombie and Forshaw for both the County and the London region. The strength of the Council's support for priorities being pursued by the Valuer is evident in the transfer of responsib...

The peculiar problems of equipment design.

Abstract The equipment designer is faced by problems created by our irrational attitudes to the use of tools and equipment in our domestic and working lives. These attitudes are expressed in the siting and layout of housing and in the misuse of equipment in hospitals. If equipment is to play its full role, it must be plentiful, available where needed and with sufficient space for its use. It must not carry hidden costs arising from architectural inadequacies and human conservatism. Finally the use of equipment must be included in the training and philosophy of staff and the rehabilitation of patients.