Law Of Electromagnetic Induction Research Articles

Systematic Design and Analysis of Wireless Power Transmission and Energy Distribution

The paper reports a systematic design and analysis of two independent public utilities-wireless power transmission and renewable energy distribution. Wireless Power transmission means the transmission of power from the power source to the load circuit wirelessly. It is a complex process but the demand for electricity is more than the amount being produced. The principle of the Project is based on Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic induction. In this project, we run the High AC Frequency power transfer operation. The second design discusses renewable energy sources. Now a day's power is the most required office for the person. All the standard energy assets square measure draining step by step. Along these lines, we've to move from standard to non-traditional energy assets. During this, the blend of 2 energy assets is happening for example wind and elective energy. This technique castigates the property energy assets while not harming the character. We will give continuous force by exploiting the half-breed energy framework. Essentially this method involves the combination of 2 energy systems that may provide continuous power. Star panels square measure utilized for changing elective energy and wind turbines square measure utilized for changing breeze energy into power. This force will use for varied purposes. Age of power happens at a cheap price. This project manages the age of power by exploiting 2 sources blend that winds up in produce power at a cheap price while not harming the character balance.

A Finite-Element Framework for a Mimetic Finite-Difference Discretization of Maxwell's Equations

Maxwell's equations are a system of partial differential equations that govern the laws of electromagnetic induction. We study a mimetic finite-difference (MFD) discretization of the equations whic...

Firing patterns and bifurcation analysis of neurons under electromagnetic induction

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>Based on the three-dimensional endocrine neuron model, a four-dimensional endocrine neuron model was constructed by introducing the magnetic flux variable and induced current according to the law of electromagnetic induction. Firstly, the codimension-one bifurcation and Interspike Intervals (ISIs) analysis were applied to study the bifurcation structure with respect to external stimuli and parameter <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">$ k_0 $</tex-math></inline-formula>, and two dynamical behaviors were found: period-adding and period-doubling bifurcation leading to chaos. Besides, Hopf bifurcation was specially discussed corresponding to the transformation of the state. Secondly, the different firing patterns such as regular bursting, subthreshold oscillations, fast spiking, mixed-mode oscillations (MMOs) etc. can be observed by changing the external stimuli and the induced current. The neuron model presented more firing activities under strong coupling strength. Finally, the codimension-two bifurcation analysis shown more details of bifurcation. At the same time, the Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation point was also analyzed and three bifurcation curves were derived.</p>

Design and Development of Microcontroller Based Electromagnetic Induction Injera Mitad Prototype

Injera is flat, thin, soft, usually circular bread like staple food for most Ethiopians. Its cooking process islong and sensitive to environmental conditions. Injera baking requires temperature ranging from 150oC to 180oC. To generate this temperature, most people use biomass products, whereas thosehaving access to grid connection use locally manufactured traditional electric injera mitad which uses Nickel–Chrome resister as heat source. This electric clay mitad consumesat an average 3 – 3.5 KWand has low efficiency. To improve power consumption and efficiency of injera cooking mitad, the author developed Electromagnetic Induction Injera Mitad prototype. The prototype operation is based on laws of electromagnetic induction. After complete assembly of the components, a series of lab and field tests were conducted and it was observed that, for a similar injera quality, the initial heating up time was reduced to 45%, the power consumption was reduced to 50%, and the efficiency was increased around 30% comparedto that of traditional electric injera mitad.

Recent Progress in Hybridized Nanogenerators for Energy Scavenging.

SummaryAs the world's demand for alternative energy increases, the development of green energy harvesters becomes ever more important. As a result, the creation of triboelectric (TENG), piezoelectric (PENG), and pyroelectric nanogenerators, electromagnetic generators (EMG), solar cells, and electrochemical cells is attracting interest in an effort to convert mechanical, thermal, magnetic, solar, and chemical energy into electricity. In order to take advantage of the ambient energies from our surrounding environment, the design of hybridized generator units that can simultaneously scavenge energy in a variety of forms continues to develop. These systems are being considered to satisfy the energy needs of a range of electronic devices and adapt to a variety of working environments. This review demonstrates the latest progress in hybridized nanogenerators in accordance with their structure, operating principle, and applications. These studies demonstrate new approaches to developing hybrid techniques and novel assemblies for efficiently harvesting environmental energy from a number of sources.

Emergent electromagnetic induction in a helical-spin magnet.

An inductor, one of the most fundamental circuit elements in modern electronic devices, generates a voltage proportional to the time derivative of the input current1. Conventional inductors typically consist of a helical coil and induce a voltage as a counteraction to time-varying magnetic flux penetrating the coil, following Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. The magnitude of this conventional inductance is proportional to the volume of the inductor's coil, which hinders the miniaturization of inductors2. Here, we demonstrate an inductance of quantum-mechanical origin3, generated by the emergent electric field induced by current-driven dynamics of spin helices in a magnet. In microscale rectangular magnetic devices with nanoscale spin helices, we observe a typical inductance as large as -400nanohenry, comparable in magnitude to that of a commercial inductor, but in a volume about a million times smaller. The observed inductance is enhanced by nonlinearity in current and shows non-monotonous frequency dependence, both of which result from the current-driven dynamics of the spin-helix structures. The magnitude of the inductance rapidly increases with decreasing device cross-section, in contrast to conventional inductors. Our findings may pave the way to microscale, simple-shaped inductors based on emergent electromagnetism related to the quantum-mechanical Berry phase.

A Theoretical Derivation of Faraday's Second Law of Electromagnetic Induction

Fraday's law of induction is one of the most important laws in electromagnetism. In this paper, based on the curl of electric field vector generated from a moving charge, we show a detailed derivation process, which describes how to derive the rate of change of the magnetic field with time from the curl of the electric field vector. From the mathematical derivation, we found that the acceleration of the charge movement can generate one electric field, which is essentially equivalent to the a non-conservative electric field excited by the ratio of change of magnetic field with time. The theoretical derivation is meaningful to explore the nature of electromagnetic field transformation.

High Sensitivity and Wide Range Soft Magnetic Tactile Sensor Based on Electromagnetic Induction

Tactile sensors play a significant role in robotic systems to interact with the external world. In this article, a novel soft magnetic tactile sensor (SMTS) based on the law of electromagnetic induction is proposed. This new sensor uses the configuration of a transformer with planar coils and a Polydimethylsiloxane silicone elastomer with an inverted cone structure embedded in a copper sheet. The SMTS measures the induced voltage amplitude variation of the secondary coil that is caused by the changes in alternating current magnetic field between the coil and the conductive or ferromagnetic sheets. The principle of the new sensor is explained first and then the design methods are outlined. Prototypes are manufactured and a three-dimensional finite element model is built to analyze the mechanical property of the elastomer. Besides, a performance analysis platform and an electronic interface system with the excitation source, the signal processing and the data acquisition, are developed, in order to calibrate the sensor using the polynomial fitting method. The calibrated prototype shows competitive performances in comparison with other existing counterparts, which has a high sensitivity of 56.3 mV/N, a wide measurement range up to 15 N, and a low hysteresis of 2.02%. The new sensor is also of low cost, durable, and has potential applications in dexterous robotic manipulation.

MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE MOTION PALLET PROCESS ON BRAKE MAGNETIC TYPE ROLLER

Introduction. One of the main elements of the safe operation of gravity roller conveyors used in pallet racks is a brake roller. The most promising design is the brake roller magnetic (eddy current) type. The operation principle of such rollers is based on the laws of electromagnetic induction and involves the braking of a conductor moving in a magnetic field, due to the interaction of eddy currents (or Foucault currents) arising in the volume of the conductor with an external magnetic field. However, in the market of warehouse shelving equipment, brake magnetic rollers are not widely used due to their high cost, which is primarily due to the lack of domestic designs and methods for their calculation. The aim of the work is to develop a mathematical model of the moving pallets process on a magnetic type brake roller.Materials and methods. The paper presented the theoretical study results on the development of a mathematical model of the moving pallets process on a magnetic type brake roller, described in works on centrifugal friction rollers and eddy current brake devices.Results. The main parameter determining the functions of the brake magnetic roller and hence the speed of the pallet along the gravity roller conveyor is a magnetic viscosity coefficient. The speed dependence of the pallets on the brake magnetic roller for various values of a magnetic viscosity coefficient is determined, its analysis is carried out.Conclusions. A mathematical model of the moving pallets process on a brake magnetic roller is developed. The movement speed equation of the pallets on the brake magnetic roller is obtained. For a reasonable choice of the design parameters of the magnetic brake roller, experimental studies are required to determine a magnetic viscosity coefficient.

Análise de alguns equívocos e distorções presentes em sites da web e vídeos do youtube sobre a lei da indução eletromagnética de Michael Faraday

Resumo: Neste artigo, apresentamos algumas reflexões decorrentes de nossa pesquisa que teve como principal objetivo responder ao seguinte questionamento: Quais os equívocos e distorções existentes na apresentação do conteúdo da lei da Indução Eletromagnética de Michael Faraday (lei de Faraday) em sites da web e vídeos do YouTube? Nossa investigação envolveu uma breve revisão histórica sobre a lei de Faraday e uma análise de como esse tópico é apresentado em sites da web e vídeos do YouTube. Para isso, empregamos os procedimentos metodológicos de pesquisa bibliográfica conforme descritos por Salvador (1981), uma vez que tínhamos como objetivo compreender, analisar e confrontar criticamente um determinado conteúdo de diversas fontes bibliográficas. Em síntese, podemos afirmar que a lei da Indução Eletromagnética de Michael Faraday, conforme apresentada nos sites e vídeos analisados, difere da que o britânico enunciou em 1832, em seu primeiro artigo da série Pesquisas Experimentais em Eletricidade e, posteriormente, em outros textos.
 Palavras-chave: Lei de Faraday. Sites da Web. Vídeos do YouTube. Equívocos e Distorções.

Research on novel spatial structure of power generation of spherical robot

Continuous energy supply is essential to spherical mobile robot in the Antarctic investigation. This paper puts forward energy harvesters that can generate electricity from the wind to achieve the long time and the long range exploration. The major contribution is to present the preliminary models of the energy harvester which uses the law of electromagnetic induction, and meanwhile the spatial structures about generating electricity are analyzed, and the influence of different structures on the power generation and efficiency will be obtained. In order to get the characteristics of power generation efficiency, this paper designs one element pipeline model and two element pipeline model, and then the motion of magnet in harvester will be simulated in different installed structures and wind speed. The varying rules of induced voltage are concluded at last. Finally, experiments are implemented based on the simulated model. The experimental results verify the dependability of different structural schemes of the robot and the validity of induced voltages’ varying rules. The results show that the induced electromotive force value obtained by the one element pipeline structure model is larger than the two element pipeline model, but the stability of the latter is better. Through the research in this paper, it can provide a basis for selecting a suitable spherical robot space structure according to the environmental conditions to improve the endurance.

Research Progress of Contactless Magnetization Technology: HTS Flux Pumps

Superconducting flux pump is a wireless charging technique utilizing electromagnetic induction law for exciting the superconducting magnet by pumping the magnetic flux into the superconducting closed-loop circuit without any electrical contact in order to compensate current attenuation and ensure the stability of the magnetic field. The contactless flux pump not only charges the magnet, but also quantitatively compensates the current decay of the magnet, which makes it possible for superconducting coils to work in the persistent current mode. This method of magnetizing can effectively reduce contact losses and heat losses, making the whole magnet system more compact and effective. This paper introduces the working principle and research progress of the recent flux pumping technology, reviews different types of high temperature superconducting (HTS) flux pumps proposed during the last decade, summarizes the underlying physics as well as merits and drawbacks of each type, and finally gives a potential developing trend for the future flux pumps where power engineering is largely applied.

Measuring System for Non-Destructive Testing of Metal Rods

The control parameters of metal products using the eddy current method of nondestructive testing based on electromagnetic induction law is now widespread. Due to the high sensitivity over a wide frequency range of the ability to control the mechanical properties , uniformity of material, both magnetic and non-magnetic materials, beskonechnosti, high reliability, automation, process control, etc.
 The object of study is the process of interaction of external electromagnetic fields with defects in heterogeneity of structure in metal rod, causing a deformation of microtubuli currents and, accordingly, their influence on the inductance coil of the sensor. So, according to the law of electromagnetic induction eddy currents induced by an external electromagnetic field will be asking a private field that will oppose the external field that will lead to a change in inductance of the sensor coil. Therefore, the most informative parameter in this case is the relative change in inductance of the sensor.
 In the known designs use differential transformer sensors, transmission type, which differ in complexity of implementation, but have high sensitivity. In existing works not enough attention on improving of the metrological characteristics . Modern means of microstraava flaw detectors in the overwhelming number are for scientific research, but little attention is paid to tools that can be used in industrial processes, through a complex measurement process in the existing funds and the large volume of the software during automatic processing of information.
 In the presented work there is a system for nondestructive testing of metal bars with deprivation of the above-mentioned disadvantages, which would provide high metrological characteristics in a wide frequency range, separate measurement of impedance components of the sensor, which allows the reduction of methodological errors of determination of the main characteristics of the output signal of microstraava sensors.
 The scientific result is created sambalanco pavement system based on electronic dharamtala model of a vortex sensor with high metrological characteristics, which allows you to create real-time signal proportional to the amount of damage that will give you the opportunity to increase productivity in the quality control bar of metal products in a production environment.

Modeling and experiments on Galfenol energy harvester

Vibration energy harvesting can solve the energy supplying problem of systems like wireless sensors networks. The Galfenol cantilever beam energy harvester is suitable for this application. According to the electromechanical conversion principle, the constitutive relation of Galfenol is built. A magnetization model is also established, based on the hysteresis model of Galfenol. Combining the magneto-mechanical coupling model, the constitutive relation of Galfenol and the electromagnetic induction law, the mathematical model of Galfenol vibration energy harvester is established. A hyperbolic curve-shaped cantilever beam is designed and its performance is compared to three types of cantilever beams: rectangle, trapezoidal, and triangle. The stress distribution, modal analysis and frequency response of these four shapes of beams are compared. The hyperbolic beam is more suitable for low frequency vibration harvesting. The strain on the beams, output voltage and power output response to these energy harvesters, under different natural vibration frequencies, are determined by simulation. Finally, the simulation results are compared to experimental electric outputs of all four types of prototype beams. The comparative study showed consistency between the experimental and the simulation results, and also that the peak-to-peak induction voltage value of the hyperbolic beam is larger than other shapes of energy harvesters, whose average value is at 269.8 mV. The maximum power output of the hyperbolic beam is 403.8 μW when connected with a 50 Ω resistance.

An experimental demonstration for a well-known example of Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction

One of the more interesting applications of the integral form of Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction is to an open surface whose contour is changing with time. An often-used theoretical example for this is a track formed from two parallel, conducting rails. The planar surface between the rails is bounded by a voltmeter at one end and a moving, conducting bar across and in contact with the rails at the other end. A uniform magnetic field is everywhere normal to this surface. As the bar moves through this magnetic field, changing the contour and the enclosed area, it induces a voltage between the rails. Of course, this theoretical example is an idealization containing impractical or impossible elements, such as a uniform magnetic field throughout space, and a lack of any interference from external sources. In this paper, we present a practical experimental realization for this theoretical example. The rails are a length of model railroad track, and the magnetic field is provided by a string of powerful neodymium magnets. A battery-powered, motorized car drags the shorting bar along the track, and the voltage between the rails is displayed on an oscilloscope. The approximations necessarily present in the experiment are accounted for in a manner that still allows good comparison with the theory. Modifications of the basic experiment that provide additional understanding for Faraday’s law are also presented.

Parameters That Influence Corrosion Detection in Reinforced Concrete Based on Eddy Current Thermography

This study introduces an eddy current thermography technique that can be used to detect and evaluate steel corrosion in a reinforced concrete structure. The rate of surface temperature changes in reinforced concrete is proposed as a means to characterize the degree of steel bar corrosion. The rate of surface temperature changes increased gradually with an increase in the corrosion degree. The influence of structural parameters on the rate of the temperature change was analyzed in detail. The results indicated that the rate of surface temperature change increased with a decrease in the concrete cover depth and with an increase in the humidity of the concrete, and this was affected by the diameter of the internal steel bar. Concrete cover was the most significant factor that affected the rate of the surface temperature change, except for the corrosion degree. The variations in the surface temperature of reinforced concrete can be explained using the law of electromagnetic induction and the electrochemical property change of corroded steel bar. This research provides a reliable basis for real‐world applications and is helpful to understand the application scope of eddy current thermography technology for the quantitative detection of steel corrosion.

Инновационные принципы электроснабжения нетяговых потребителей железнодорожного транспорта

The issues of fundamental changes of electric power-supply of non-traction devices, such as, line-section devices and systems of railway transport are addressed in the article. It is clearly shown that the possibility of electric power-supply of such consumers without using the common high-voltage line-section power-supply lines of alternative voltage of 6 or 10 kV and respective power-supply substations can be implemented in practice. The essence of the proposed is that the electric power-supply source is not a high-voltage power-supply line, but a device which converts potential mechanical energy of a train, moving along a line section between signal points of railway automatic block system, into electrical one. Putting the described power-supply devices into operation provides technical as well as economic advantages over currently and widely used power-supply systems. The conversion of energy is carried out by changing magnetic resistance of a magnetic circuit, which includes railway car wheel-set in motion and direct neodymium magnet. Change in magnetic resistance due to the law of electromagnetic induction results in alternate voltage in the inductance coil, which is used as the electric power-supply source for non-traction line-section power consumers, including but not limited to, signal point of railway automatic block system. In case there is no wheel-set on the converter, electric power-supply for the power consumer is delivered by the electric energy accumulated in an ionistor (supercapacitor).

Essence of the Magnetism

In this paper, it is proposed that the magnetic field is an electric field that contracts in the direction of motion. This viewpoint is taken as the basic principle of analyzing the magnetic phenomena. The law of Lorentz force is proved by deduction, and any necessary correction is made. The law of electromagnetic induction is also proved by deduction, and the specific physical process of electromagnetic induction is clarified. The displacement current and Ampere circuit law is also proved by deduction. It is considered that the contraction of electric field in the direction of motion is the source of generation of magnetism, while the contraction of electric field in the direction of motion is fundamentally derived from the principle of constancy of light velocity. Since the magnetism has contributed the modern science and technology to the human beings, so it is convinced that the principle of constancy of light velocity is the most precious gift which the God has given to mankind. The motion with variable velocity of the electric field is also analyzed. It is pointed out that the generation of electric wave is essentially resulted from the distortion and contraction of the electric field caused by the propagation of the motion with variable velocity of the electron of the wave source at the velocity of light in its electric field. The electric field energy of the electric wave is propagated by the distortion of the electric field, while the magnetic field energy of the electric wave is propagated by the contraction of the electric field. The electric field energy is identically equal to the magnetic field energy. The electric field signal and the magnetic field signal are always in the same phase. The law of electromagnetic induction is derived from a distorted electric field. The common electromagnetic induction phenomenon is essentially a transmission and reception effect of electric waves. It is proved that the Ampere circuit law is derived from the displacement current, and that the displacement current is derived from the magnetic field, which is the electric field in motion. The propagation of electric wave is analyzed. It is pointed out that, if the propagation velocity of electric wave is greater than the velocity of light, the propagation effect of electric wave will be rapidly weakened. If the propagation velocity of electric wave is less than the velocity of light, the electromagnetic interference and radiation will be increased rapidly. Therefore, it is firmly believed that the actual velocity of light of about /s is the best propagation velocity of electric wave for mankind. It is considered that the actual velocity of light is another precious gift which the God has given to mankind.

Application of FRA to Improve the Design and Maintenance of Wireless Power Transfer Systems

Frequency response analysis (FRA) plays an important role in the assessment of the mechanical integrity and hence, reliability of high-voltage power transformers. Wireless power transfer (WPT) system introduced by Tesla a 100 years ago based on Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction is similar to a conventional power transformer. Therefore, the reliability of a large WPT system can also be evaluated using FRA measurement. When the WPT system is constructed, the electrical components and the desired transfer distance need to be ascertained accurately. Furthermore, the structure of the winding and the electrical characteristic of the components in WPT systems may vary due to aging or fault events. FRA measurement can examine the discrepancy between the WPT system parameters and the reference fingerprint data to provide cost-effective condition monitoring-based maintenance scheme for the WPT systems. This paper presents a detailed circuit analysis of a two-coil inductively coupled WPT model in different compensating topologies to accomplish efficient energy transfer. Then, FRA measurement is used to detect the variation in the amplitude and the phase angle of the developed circuit input impedance in a wide frequency range. In addition, displacements due to the placement of ferrite material and the variation of the transfer distance between the transmitter and receiver units are investigated through practical measurements.

Mathematical modeling of the magnetic properties of spheroids of hard second kind superconductors in the Bean model

Authors have modelled magnetic field in hard II-type superconductor bodies with cylindric symmetry by means of Bean model. Using the equations of electrodynamics and the Poisson equation for the vector potential, the Fredholm equation of the first kind is derived for the screening supercurrent density. By introducing the explicit form of the current-voltage characteristic and the law of electromagnetic induction, the equation for the supercurrent density is reduced to an integral equation of the 2nd kind, which is solved numerically in matrix form on a non-uniform grid with compaction to the edges of the sample. Density distribution of the screened superconductive current, sample-self magnetic field and hysteresis loops of magnetization in the cases of cylinders and spheroids are obtained.