Latin American Literature Research Articles

HACIA UNA DEFINICIÓN (FALLIDA) DE LA LITERATURA Y EL CINE ASIÁTICO-LATINOAMERICANOS

From the late 19th century until the late 20th century, the presence and relevance of the East Asian population in Latin America were invisibilized, if not openly discriminated, and stereotyped in its cultural productions. During that period, the portrayal of East Asia, East Asians and their descendants in Latin American film and literature was mainly shaped by an orientalist and exoticizing gaze. Nevertheless, since the last decade of the last century—in a context of multiculturalism—Latin American writers and directors of East Asian descent (and East Asians living in Latin America) emerged, narrating from new perspectives. At the same time, Latin American writers and directors of non-Asian descent began to reflect on the Asian component in Latin America, in a different way from the orientalist gaze of the 20th century, with more complex characters and stories. Many of these cultural productions started to be analyzed by scholars in the last twenty years, building the burgeoning field of Asian-Latin American studies. This article aims, firstly, to present a brief overview of the history of Asian-Latin American studies as a research area; secondly, to propose possible categories (and limitations) for the study of Asian-Latin American literature and film; and thirdly, to add up to the bridge between Asian and Latin American scholars, promoting new research on the interconnections between the two regions.

Antonio José Bolivar adalah Kita: Wacana Pascakolonial dalam Novel Pak Tua yang Membaca Kisah Cinta karya Luis Sepúlveda

The Old Man Who Read Love Stories is a novel by Luis Sepúlveda that was translated and published for the first time in Indonesia by Marjin Kiri at the end of 2005. The novel, originally titled Un viejo que leía novelas de amor, is a canon­ical work of Latin American literature that was published in 1989. The plot clear­ly depicts the postcolonial situation in Latin America. Unfortunately, postcolonial readings of this translated novel are very minimal. In a postcolonial context, the work of translating texts cannot be considered as a job that is arbitrarily chosen, whimsical, or even without political charges behind the scenes. Especially if the text being translated comes from third world and/or formerly colonized countries. The translator will certainly have fundamental reasons in selecting and choosing a text (postcolonial literature) to be translated. Thus, I decided to do an alternative reading that can be used on this translated novel using the concept of hybridity by Homi K. Bhabha. On the other hand, I also want to see how far Luis Sepúlveda depicts the postcolonial phenomenon in Latin American society as a formerly colonized society represented through conflicts in his novel. Because the reality in the novel is the real­ity experienced by Luis Sepúlveda when he was on an expedition with UNESCO for seven months in the territory of the indigenous Shuar tribe in Ecuador. Reading the novel The Old Man Who Read Love Stories means reading how the author positions himself as the other in a different cultural institution. Then understanding these two contexts means we are trying to realize what the condition of our society in Indonesia is, as a fellow postcolonial society.

Education in health about spotted fever: an integrative literature review

Objective: to identify the knowledge produced about the actions/interventions of education in health related to Spotted Fever. Method: integrative literature review, carried out in the following databases: US National Library of Medicine/Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Web of Science, Science Direct, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences and the Nursing Database. The inclusion criteria was original scientific articles and/or theoretical scientific articles, in English, Spanish and Portuguese and without time restriction. The search was conducted in January 2022. Results: five studies from Brazil, United States of America and Mexico were included. Changes in epidemiological indicators were observed in the two intervention studies. Conclusion: this study showed that health education for Spotted Fever is still a little explored field, highlighting the importance of educational actions for the prevention of the disease.

Medicinal plants in quilombola communities: integrative literature review

The traditional knowledge in the use of medicinal plants of quilombola communities is wide and diverse and is studied by ethnobotany and/or ethnopharmacology. This paper aims to synthesize the ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal plants from quilombola communities. This is an integrative review conducted in the Scopus, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online/US National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE/PubMed), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) and Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science. A total of 165 studies were identified, of which 16 met the inclusion criteria. A large number and diversity of plant species and therapeutic indications were evidenced. We concluded that traditional quilombola knowledge in the use of medicinal plants is supported by biomedical and non-biomedical rationalities, such as traditional African and indigenous medicine.

THE USE OF TELESSAÚDE TO IMPROVE HEALTH SERVICES

Objective: to identify the impacts of telessaúde in the health field. Methods: an integrative literature review study was conducted through the databases: Virtual Health Library (VHL), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Nursing Database (BDENF). Results: regarding the thematic approach of the articles, the framework of the productions raised in two categories focused on the importance of the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in auditing and the second addresses the importance of ICT in health in general. Conclusion: in view of the studies analyzed, it is understood that telessaúde, as a strategy, has a significant potential to expand and qualify access to health care, continuing education and the promotion of the quality of life of the population in different locations. The implementation of national policies and specific legislation are important for the progress of telessaúde initiatives in the different scenarios.

IMPACTS OF INDUSTRIAL PAINTINGS ON WORKERS’ HEALTH

Objective: to describe the impacts of industrial paintings on workers’ health. Methods: an integrative literature review study was conducted. Articles recovered through secondary databases Virtual Health Library (VHL), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) and Online Medical Literature Search and Analysis System (MEDLINE) were analyzed from the descriptors paintings, worker’s health and occupational medicine. Studies published in Portuguese, English or Spanish were considered and dealt directly with the theme object of study. Results: the main impacts of industrial paintings on workers’ health are skin diseases, allergic reactions, eye irritation and respiratory problems, neoplasms, myelodysplastic syndromes, neuropathies, olfactory disorders, saturnism and acute and chronic effects on the central nervous system. Conclusion: industrial paintings can cause real risks to the health of workers in this service sector, which requires the performance of occupational health professionals for timely prevention and care.

Prevalence and Incidence of Parkinson's Disease in Latin America: A Meta-Analysis.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a rapidly growing neurodegenerative disorder, but up-to-date epidemiological data are lacking in Latin America. We sought to estimate the prevalence and incidence of PD and parkinsonism in Latin America. We searched Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Scientific Electronic Library Online, and Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde or the Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature databases for epidemiological studies reporting the prevalence or incidence of PD or parkinsonism in Latin America from their inception to 2022. Quality of studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist. Data were pooled via random-effects meta-analysis and analyzed by data source (cohort studies or administrative databases), sex, and age group. Significant differences between groups were determined by meta-regression. Eighteen studies from 13 Latin American countries were included in the review. Meta-analyses of 17 studies (nearly 4 million participants) found a prevalence of 472 (95% CI, 271-820) per 100,000 and three studies an incidence of 31 (95% CI, 23-40) per 100,000 person-years for PD; and seven studies found a prevalence of 4300 (95% CI, 1863-9613) per 100,000 for parkinsonism. The prevalence of PD differed by data source (cohort studies, 733 [95% CI, 427-1255] vs. administrative databases. 114 [95% CI, 63-209] per 100,000, P < 0.01), age group (P < 0.01), but not sex (P = 0.73). PD prevalence in ≥60 years also differed significantly by data source (cohort studies. 1229 [95% CI, 741-2032] vs. administrative databases, 593 [95% CI, 480-733] per 100,000, P < 0.01). Similar patterns were observed for parkinsonism. The overall prevalence and incidence of PD in Latin America were estimated. PD prevalence differed significantly by the data source and age, but not sex. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

The role of cardiovascular system in the SARS-CoV-2 infection and aggravation in human

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has several clinical manifestations, highlighting a large number of cases and deaths in patients with specific comorbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases. For this reason, the objective was to analyze the role of the cardiovascular system in SARS-CoV-2 infection and complications in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular alterations. For this, a systematic search was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines in the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature databases (Lilacs) and PubMed/Medline, using the association of descriptors: (“Cardiovascular System” OR Cardiovascular Diseases OR “Heart Failure” OR “Hypertension” OR “Cardiac Insufficieny”) AND (“COVID 19”). Original studies published from 2020 onwards were included. Results: About 16/18 studies dealt with complications and 2 with a higher rate of infection in patients with preexisting CVD. The cardiovascular comorbidity most associated with the severity of COVID-19 was systemic arterial hypertension. And through a meta-analysis of the included studies, it was concluded that previously hypertensive patients may be up to 2.49 times more likely to have a worse prognosis. Related to a higher infection rate, both studies showed that patients with SAH have a greater amount of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE 2), which functions as a receptor for the binding of SAR-CoV-2, presenting a potentially greater risk of infection. The 16 studies on complications associated the manifestations of venous, arterial and microvascular thrombosis with increased prothrombotic signaling and increased release of von Willebrand factor and platelet activation/aggregation, in addition to increased anti-fibrinolytic and immunoactivating activity specific to cardiac fibroblasts in the hearts of patients with COVID-19. Severe cases were associated with systemic microcirculatory changes with endothelial dysfunction, higher troponin levels, higher values of inflammatory markers, with pro-inflammatory and procoagulant status, atrial fibrillation, and high rates of septic shock. Conclusion: It is inferred that COVID-19 in patients with previous CVD, mainly SAH, have a greater chance of infection due to increased expression of ACE 2 and to present manifestations of thrombosis associated with a pro-coagulant state and inflammatory manifestations associated with a pro-state. -inflammatory triggering a higher rate of hospitalization, resulting in serious complications, requiring intensive treatment, and in some cases death.

Prevalence, etiology, clinical features and management associated with impacted and transmigrated mandibular canines: a systematic review

BackgroundThe occurrence of mandibular canine impaction and/ or transmigration is a rare clinical entity but diagnosis and treatment planning is of clinical significance. The associated etiological factors and the clinical guidelines for the management are still not clear.The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the available data to report the prevalence and identify the etiological factors, clinical features, and various treatment outcomes in patients with mandibular canine impaction and/or transmigration.MethodsThe review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021222566) and was conducted and reported according to the PRISMA and Cochrane Handbook / Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. A computerized search of studies published up to April 30, 2023, was conducted using the following databases: Medline, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Web of Science, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature. A manual search of the reference and citation lists of eligible articles and existing systematic reviews for any additions were also conducted. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool was used to assess the studies' quality.ResultsAfter removing 6 duplicates, 3700 articles were identified. For the final analysis, 19 studies published between 1985 and 2023 met all the eligibility criteria and were included. A total of 7 studies presented as good and 12 studies presented as satisfactory. Patients were screened in ten studies and diagnostic records from archives were retrieved in nine studies. The total number of diagnostic records screened was 138.394, and the total number of patients from the included studies was 43.127.ConclusionsBased on the findings from this systematic review, the prevalence of mandibular canine impaction ranged from 0.008% to 1.29% while canine transmigration from 0.12% to 0.98%. Crowding of the mandibular arch, the presence of a retained deciduous canine, and odontoma or cyst are the etiological factors more commonly associated with mandibular canine impaction and or transmigration. Surgical extraction and surgical exposure followed by orthodontic traction are the two most frequently carried out treatment modalities in the management of mandibular canine impaction and or transmigration.

Los rasgos característicos del realismo mágico en la novela Žluté oči vedou domů de Markéta Pilátová

The study deals with a comparison between the novel Žluté oči vedou domů (2007) written by Markéta Pilátová and one variation of the aesthetic concept of magical realism. The story based on author’s own experience is focused on several stories of the principal characters of the novel that are living in different surroundings. A significant portion of the novel unfolds in South America, where the tension between reality and the supernatural is perceptible. The goal of the article is to show thematically specific passages of the novel and analyse them on the basis of the defined characteristic features of magical realism. The theoretical base of this article is formed by the ideas about magical realism by Emil Volek (1990), summarized in the article Realismo mágico entre la modernidad y la postmodernidad: hacia una remodelización cultural y discursiva de la nueva narrativa hispanoamericana. Volek’s article focuses on Latin American literature; however, his theses about magical realism are universally applicable.

Biology, ecology, and taxonomy of the parasitoids of the families Austroniidae, Peradeniidae, Proctorenyxidae, Roproniidae, and Vanhorniidae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea) and family Mymarommatidae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupomorpha: Mymarommatoidea)

The Proctotrupoidea are koinobiont endoparasitoids of holometabolous insect larvae. Although Proctotrupidae can be common and readily collected by sweep netting or Malaise traps, the superfamily is poorly known biologically. Proctotrupidae is parasitoids of Coleoptera and, to a lesser extent, Diptera larvae, with one extraordinary host record from a centipede, whereas Heloridae has been reared from Neuroptera larvae. Extralimital families attacking Coleoptera and Neuroptera (Austroniidae, Peradeniidae, Proctorenyxidae) are biologically unknown. The hosts of the Mymarommatidae family are poorly known. One species was bred in “wood ear” fungi. Little is known about the biology of these wasps, but they are probably parasitoids of eggs of other insects in forests. Mymaromma menehune Honsberger &amp; Huber, 2022 recorded as a solitary endoparasitoid of eggs of a Lepidopsocus sp. (Psocodea: Lepidopsocidae) on branches of Ficus microcarpa L.f. (Moraceae). This work studies the biology, ecology, and taxonomy of the parasitoids of the families of Austroniidae, Peradeniidae Proctorenyxidae, Roproniidae, and Vanhorniidae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea) and family Mymaromatidae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupomorpha: Mymarommatoidea). In terms of the type of research source, we worked with scientific articles published in national and international journals. This modality of production, in addition to being commonly the most valued in the set of bibliographic production, is the most easily accessed. Access to articles was through virtual libraries such as SciELO, the University of São Paulo, Latin American Literature, and the University of Brasilia. This library has a specific section for Hymenoptera, with eight journals and texts of articles available in full. Considering only this section constitutes a limitation of the study since articles belonging to journals that integrate other sections of the fore mentioned electronic library could also contribute to the discussion of the production of knowledge about the relationship between hosts and parasitoids. However, in principle, within these articles, there could not necessarily be a discussion focused on biology, ecology, and taxonomy.

EXAME PAPANICOLAU COMO FERRAMENTA DE PREVENÇÃO DO CÂNCER CÉRVICO UTERINO NO BRASIL: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

Cervical cancer is caused by a persistent infection with oncogenic subtypes of the human papillomavirus (HPV) and is one of the most common types of cancer among women in Brazil. The disease has the characteristic of progressing slowly, with no symptoms in the primary phase. The disease is diagnosed through the Pap smear, where cells are collected from the cervix to detect abnormalities. This article aims to identify and recognize the importance of the Pap smear as a tool for preventing cervical cancer in Brazil in the different female age groups, taking into account social, regional, cultural and economic factors. An exploratory literature study was carried out in the category of a bibliographic review, using the databases of the National Cancer Institute (INCA), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (Lilacs), Google Scholar and USP's VHL Portal. The majority of the studies showed that there is low adherence among women to the Pap smear as a preventive tool. The discomfort, lack of information about the test, periodicity and its importance, low schooling, low income and religion are the main factors related to not having the test. The Pap smear is an important tool for the prevention of cervical cancer, because when it is carried out periodically it is able to detect lesions early, and consequently start treatment and cure the disease.

Domestic service and Chilean literature: fictional experiments in narrating the household

This article shines light on the interconnectedness of reproductive labour and Latin American literature through two Chilean novels that explore the relationship between peripheral capitalism and domestic servitude: José Donoso's The Obscene Bird of Night and Diamela Eltit's Mano de Obra. The study of these texts allows for a periodisation of the reproductive sphere under different phases of capitalist accumulation, and exposes an association between the literary treatment of domestic service and the achievement of highly experimental narratives in Latin America. My reading of Obscene goes beyond viewing this novel as postmodernist fiction, by showing how its nightmarish poetics are a consequence of the transformation of the oligarchic household vis-a-vis the collapse of systems of bonded labour in the 1960s. Whereas the prose of Obscene provides a harrowing descent into the intimate connections between master and servant at the moment of their decline, Mano de Obra unveils a surgical prose capable of expressing the new impersonality of social reproduction in the subsequent neoliberal period. Of special interest to this analysis is how Eltit suggests that even the proletariat household can recreate exploitative patterns of domestic servitude to guard against complete immiseration. Three main conclusions result from this reading. First, Latin American fiction is an important literary archive from which capitalism's exploitation of the reproductive sphere can be excavated. Second, Latin American literature shows formal uniqueness when representing domestic service in the periphery. Lastly, fictional representations of domestic service help us understand the institution not as remnant of previous modes of production, but as capitalist strategy for the reproduction of social forces that underpay the cost of life-making processes.

Review of Kripper (2023): Narratives of Mistranslation. Fictional Translators in Latin American Literature

Review of Kripper (2023): Narratives of Mistranslation. Fictional Translators in Latin American Literature

Cardiometabolic risk factors in South American children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cardiometabolic risk factors (impaired fasting glucose, abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia) cluster in children, may predict adult disease burden, and are inadequately characterized in South American children. To quantify the burden of cardiometabolic risk factors in South American children (0-21 years) and identify knowledge gaps. We systematically searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature via Virtual Health Library from 2000-2021 in any language. Two independent reviewers screened and extracted all data. 179 studies of 2,181 screened were included representing 10 countries (n = 2,975,261). 12.2% of South American children experienced obesity, 21.9% elevated waist circumference, 3.0% elevated fasting glucose, 18.1% high triglycerides, 29.6% low HDL cholesterol, and 8.6% high blood pressure. Cardiometabolic risk factor definitions varied widely. Chile exhibited the highest prevalence of obesity/overweight, low HDL, and impaired fasting glucose. Ecuador exhibited the highest prevalence of elevated blood pressure. Rural setting (vs. urban or mixed) and indigenous origin protected against most cardiometabolic risk factors. South American children experience high rates of obesity, overweight, and dyslipidemia. International consensus on cardiometabolic risk factor definitions for children will lead to improved diagnosis of cardiometabolic risk factors in this population, and future research should ensure inclusion of unreported countries and increased representation of indigenous populations.

CERVICAL CANCER

The study aimed to verify women’s perception regarding the prevention and self-care of uterine cancer. This is an integrative review of the literature, in which the research was carried out between March and October 2023, through databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Science Health (LILACS) and Nursing Database (BDENF). Subsequently, the inclusion and exclusion criteria were used, 16 studies were selected. The present research showed that women’s perception is associated with feelings of fear, shame, not having enough knowledge about the prevention of cervical cancer, which is also linked to the sociodemographic profile. However, knowledge about cervical cancer is extremely important in adhering to the exam, emphasizing the need for women’s health education in the form of prevention and self-care of neoplasia and, consequently, through the prevention of cervical cancer, the risk of number of morbidity and mortality through early diagnosis.

Environmental Governance and International Relations: A Systematic Review of Theories, Methods, and Issues in Latin American Publications

Home to the Amazon and other important biomes and to countries with long coastlines, most of Latin America faces a variety of enduring environmental challenges. Nonetheless, the region’s academic production on international environmental policy is fragmented and dispersed. This study aims to systematically analyze the literature on environmental governance in Latin America (2004–2023), with a special focus on theoretical approaches, methods, and issues. Our sample includes papers published in indexed academic journals written in English, Portuguese, or Spanish to answer the following question: How can Latin American literature on environmental policy help us understand environmental governance in the region and globally? Complementarily, we ask the following: What topics have been prioritized? What theories and methods have been used? What gaps remain? We suggest a future research agenda and hope to help strengthen the international relations (IR) environmental governance literature by providing subsidies to improve research in the region.

Human responses in adolescents with oncological disease: a scoping review protocol

IntroductionThe classification of human responses to health conditions or life processes, assuming that human responses are the way that a person responds, referring to the individual’s experiences, feelings, perceptions, behaviours...

A Journey to the Self: The Quest for Identity in Clarice Lispector’s Fiction

One of the best representatives of Latin American literature, Clarice Lispector has always fascinated her readers. Her novels bring into question some major aesthetic and ideological issues, sometimes under the mask of elaborated textual games implying innovative narrative strategies and a new way of understanding fiction. The Hour of the Star (A hora da estrela, 1977) addresses the problem of identity and storytelling, as well as the complex relationships established among author, narrator, character and reader. The violence which the novel’s protagonist has to face and endure is also an expression of the force of literature. Therefore, the heroine’s death stands for the symbolic birth of fiction, her personal life being permanently mirrored by the metaphorical level of this extraordinary text. The novel progressively turns into an intricate and symbolic journey to the self, Lispector analysing the quest for personal (and artistic) identity and its hidden meanings. [Article copies available for a fee from The Transformative Studies Institute. E-mail address: journal@transformativestudies.org Website: http://www.transformativestudies.org ©2023 by The Transformative Studies Institute. All rights reserved.]

The use of cocaine and crack during pregnancy and its effects on newborns and children: a systematic review protocol

Introduction: The use of illicit drugs represents an important public health problem in the world, especially when it comes to developing countries like Brazil. Objective: To evaluate the effects of cocaine exposure in utero on the motor development and mortality in newborns and children. Methods: We will carry out a systematic review including observational studies (cohort or case-control), published in full text or just as an abstract. The study protocol will be registered on the Prospero Platform. We will include newborns and children up to 36 months of age. We will carry out searches in the following databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline) via Pubmed, Excerpta Medica dataBASE (Embase) via Elsevier, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) via Cochrane Library, Latin American Literature and the Caribbean in Health Sciences (Lilacs) via the Virtual Health Library Portal and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), with no restrictions on language or year of publication. We will assess the methodological rigor of the included studies and the certainty of the evidence of the main results of the systematic review using the Cochrane ROBINS-E- Risk of Bias in Non- randomized Studies- of Exposure (ROBINS-E) tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, respectively. Two independent investigators will perform the selection of studies, data extraction, assessment of the risk of bias of included studies and assessment of the certainty of evidence. Expected Results: The results of this review are expected to summarize the best scientific evidence currently available regarding the effects of cocaine and crack use during pregnancy on newborns and children, and provide useful information for clinical decision-making. Furthermore, it is believed that the results of this review may expose knowledge gaps and provide a good foundation for future high-quality studies on the subject.