Late Type Research Articles

Sex differences in the association between chronotype and risk of depression

Information on sex differences in the association between chronotype and depression is scarce. We aimed to investigate these differences using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2016. Chronotypes were categorised based on mid-sleep time on free days corrected by sleep debt accumulated on workdays (MSFsc): early type, < mean MSFsc − 1 standard deviation (SD); intermediate type, between mean MSFsc − 1 SD and MSFsc + 1 SD; and late type, > mean MSFsc + 1 SD. A Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score of ≥ 10 indicated depression. Among 5550 non-shift working adults aged 19–80 years, the prevalence rates of depression in the early, intermediate, and late chronotype groups were 7.4%, 4.5%, and 9.3%, respectively. Women with late chronotype (odds ratio [OR] = 2.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.8–4.7) showed a higher risk of depression than women with intermediate chronotype after adjusting for covariates. Women with early chronotype did not show a significant difference in depression risk (OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 0.9–2.0). In conclusion, late chronotype is associated with an increased risk of depression in women but not in men. Early chronotype is not associated with depression in women or men.

Use of Cap Analysis Gene Expression to detect human papillomavirus promoter activity patterns at different disease stages

Transcription of human papillomavirus (HPV) genes proceeds unidirectionally from multiple promoters. Direct profiling of transcription start sites (TSSs) by Cap Analysis Gene Expression (CAGE) is a powerful strategy for examining individual HPV promoter activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate alterations of viral promoter activity during infection using CAGE technology. We used CAGE-based sequencing of 46 primary cervical samples, and quantitatively evaluated TSS patterns in the HPV transcriptome at a single-nucleotide resolution. TSS patterns were classified into two types: early promoter-dominant type (Type A) and late promoter-dominant type (Type B). The Type B pattern was more frequently found in CIN1 and CIN2 lesions than in CIN3 and cancer samples. We detected transcriptomes from multiple HPV types in five samples. Interestingly, in each sample, the TSS patterns of both HPV types were the same. The viral gene expression pattern was determined by the differentiation status of the epithelial cells, regardless of HPV type. We performed unbiased analyses of TSSs across the HPV genome in clinical samples. Visualising TSS pattern dynamics, including TSS shifts, provides new insights into how HPV infection status relates to disease state.

Assessing impacts of selective logging on water, energy, and carbon budgets and ecosystem dynamics in Amazon forests using the Functionally Assembled Terrestrial Ecosystem Simulator

Abstract. Tropical forest degradation from logging, fire, and fragmentation not only alters carbon stocks and carbon fluxes, but also impacts physical land surface properties such as albedo and roughness length. Such impacts are poorly quantified to date due to difficulties in accessing and maintaining observational infrastructures, as well as the lack of proper modeling tools for capturing the interactions among biophysical properties, ecosystem demography, canopy structure, and biogeochemical cycling in tropical forests. As a first step to address these limitations, we implemented a selective logging module into the Functionally Assembled Terrestrial Ecosystem Simulator (FATES) by mimicking the ecological, biophysical, and biogeochemical processes following a logging event. The model can specify the timing and aerial extent of logging events, splitting the logged forest patch into disturbed and intact patches; determine the survivorship of cohorts in the disturbed patch; and modifying the biomass and necromass (total mass of coarse woody debris and litter) pools following logging. We parameterized the logging module to reproduce a selective logging experiment at the Tapajós National Forest in Brazil and benchmarked model outputs against available field measurements. Our results suggest that the model permits the coexistence of early and late successional functional types and realistically characterizes the seasonality of water and carbon fluxes and stocks, the forest structure and composition, and the ecosystem succession following disturbance. However, the current version of FATES overestimates water stress in the dry season and therefore fails to capture seasonal variation in latent and sensible heat fluxes. Moreover, we observed a bias towards low stem density and leaf area when compared to observations, suggesting that improvements are needed in both carbon allocation and establishment of trees. The effects of logging were assessed by different logging scenarios to represent reduced impact and conventional logging practices, both with high and low logging intensities. The model simulations suggest that in comparison to old-growth forests the logged forests rapidly recover water and energy fluxes in 1 to 3 years. In contrast, the recovery times for carbon stocks, forest structure, and composition are more than 30 years depending on logging practices and intensity. This study lays the foundation to simulate land use change and forest degradation in FATES, which will be an effective tool to directly represent forest management practices and regeneration in the context of Earth system models.

AN ASTROMETRIC AND PHOTOMETRIC STUDY OF THE INTERMEDIATE-AGE OPEN CLUSTER NGC 2158 AND ITS ECLIPSING BINARY [NBN2015]78

We present a photometric and astrometric analysis of the NGC 2158 cluster using Gaia DR2 and 2MASS data. The cluster age, color excess, intrinsic distance modulus and distance are calculated to be t = 2.240 ± 0.260 Gyr, E(B − V) = 0.420 ± 0.050 mag, (m − M)⨀ = 12.540 ± 0.130 mag and d⨀ = 3224 ± 200 pc respectively. The photometric analysis and light curve modelling of the proposed eclipsing binary member [NBN2015]78 is performed using the latest version of the Wilson-Devinney (W-D) code. The solutions show that the system is an over-contact binary with a secondary component filling its Roche lobe, with a mass ratio q = 0.262. The primary and the secondary components of the system consist of two late spectral types K1 and K2 respectively. The membership of [NBN2015]78 is discussed using two independent methods, and we find that [NBN2015]78 is an interloper and not a member of NGC 2158.

Quenched Galaxies in Clusters of Galaxies and Their Outskirts

Based on the SDSS data, the properties of galaxies with quenched star formation (QGs) within the "splashback"-radius of galaxy clusters $R_{\rm sp}$ and beyond it have been studied. We used a sample of 40 groups and galaxy clusters and a sample of field galaxies at $0.02<z<0.045$. The radii $R_{\rm sp}$ were defined from the observed integrated distribution of the number of galaxies as a function of the squared distance from the center of the galaxy systems. We show that in galaxy clusters 72% of the QGs we have found are within $R_{\rm sp}$. About 40% of these galaxies are late-type ones with ${frac}DeV < 0.8$. Approximately 80% of galaxies with quenched star formation have stellar masses in the range of $\log M_*/M_{\odot} = [10; 11]$. We found that QGs of late types and of early types in a less degree have maximum angular radii $R_{90,r}$ and $R_{50,r}$ near the "splashback"-radius of groups and clusters of galaxies. Our results confirm the assumption that in the filaments directed toward clusters, the quenched galaxies are more massive near the boundaries of clusters of galaxies than at the outskirts.

Insights into the physiology of C-peptide.

Current knowledge suggests a complex role of C-peptide in human physiology, but its mechanism of action is only partially understood. The effects of C-peptide appear to be variable depending on the target tissue, physiological environment, its combination with other bioactive molecules such as insulin, or depending on its concentration. It is apparent that C-peptide has therapeutic potential for the treatment of vascular and nervous damage caused by type 1 or late type 2 diabetes mellitus. The question remains whether the effect is mediated by the receptor, the existence of which is still uncertain, or whether an alternative non-receptor-mediated mechanism is responsible. The Institute of Endocrinology in Prague has been paying much attention to the issue of C-peptide and its metabolic effect since the 1980s. The RIA methodology of human C-peptide determination was introduced here and transferred to commercial production. By long-term monitoring of C-peptide oGTT-derived indices, the Institute has contributed to elucidating the pathophysiology of glucose tolerance disorders. This review summarizes the current knowledge of C-peptide physiology and highlights the contributions of the Institute of Endocrinology to this issue.

Risk Factors for Early and Late Type Ib Endoleak Following Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair

A type Ib endoleak (T1bEL) is a postoperative complication that usually requires additional interventions following endovascular aortic aneurysm repair. Previous studies have focused on iliac artery tortuosity or common iliac artery (CIA) diameter. However, we investigated the various risk factors for early and late T1bELs more comprehensively. This retrospective case-control study of a prospectively maintained database compared anatomical, demographic and technical factors between patients with early or late T1bELs and a control group. Early T1bEL was defined as a T1bEL occurring within 6months of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), while late T1bEL was defined as a T1bEL, initially identified more than 6months after EVAR. Anatomical values including neck diameter, length, and angle; maximum sac diameter and length; CIA length, diameter, and tortuosity; and distal sealing length were measured and included in the analysis. We performed uni- and multivariable analyses using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models. This study included 635 iliac limbs of 383 patients. Overall, T1bELs occurred in 22 iliac limbs during the follow-up period (22/635, 3.5%). Among them, the early and late T1bEL groups each included 11 limbs. The median follow-up duration of the 383 patients was 23 (8-58) months, and in the early T1bEL and early control groups, the durations were 15 (9-35) and 29 (15-60) months, respectively (P=0.01). The median overall follow-up durations in the late T1bEL and late control groups were 87 (76-102) and 62 (48-80) months, respectively (P=0.01). The median follow-up duration until the occurrence of late T1bEL was 44 (32-82) months, which was shorter than that of the late control group (P=0.03). No significant differences in sex, age, or brand of stent-graft were observed between the T1bEL and control groups. In the multivariable analysis, patients in the early T1bEL group had significantly more tortuous and short CIAs, and short distal sealing lengths (P=0.02, P=0.04, P=0.03, respectively), and the late T1bEL group had significantly larger maximum aortic aneurysm sac diameters, short CIAs and short distal sealing lengths (P<0.001, P=0.02, P=0.002, respectively). The suspected mechanisms of the T1bELs were CIA dilatation with or without sac expansion and aggravation of sac angulation. Except for one patient with aortic dissection, T1bELs were treated with iliac limb extensions. The various mechanisms of T1bELs differed depending on the time of onset from the procedure. An extensive sealing length may be protective against T1bEL, especially when the size of the aortic aneurysm sac is large or when the CIA has risky features, including large diameter or short length. Careful preoperative consideration of aortic aneurysm size and CIA length and tortuosity is essential, and patients with risky features should undergo strict postoperative surveillance.

The shift from early to late types of ribosomes in zebrafish development involves changes at a subset of rRNA 2′-O-Me sites

During zebrafish development, an early type of rRNA is gradually replaced by a late type that is substantially different in sequence. We applied RiboMeth-seq to rRNA from developmental stages for profiling of 2′-O-Me, to learn if changes in methylation pattern were a component of the shift. We compiled a catalog of 2′-O-Me sites and cognate box C/D guide RNAs comprising 98 high-confidence sites, including 10 sites that were not known from other vertebrates, one of which was specific to late-type rRNA. We identified a subset of sites that changed in methylation status during development and found that some of these could be explained by availability of their cognate SNORDs. Sites that changed during development were enriched in the novel sites revealed in zebrafish. We propose that the early type of rRNA is a specialized form and that its structure and ribose methylation pattern may be an adaptation to features of development, including translation of specific maternal mRNAs.

Examining the Effects of Whole Crop Wheat Silage on Ewe Performance during Late Gestation Compared to Traditional Grass Silage across Three Prolific Breed Types.

Simple SummaryNutrition of the ewe during late pregnancy can impact the subsequent performance of the ewe and her lambs. In indoor lambing systems, grass silage is the predominant forage used but is of sub-optimal quality. This study examined the potential of whole crop cereal silage when offered to one of three prolific breed types in late pregnancy. With the exception of reduced crude protein intake on the whole crop wheat silage diets, nutrient intake or ewe body reserves were not affected by forage type. However, ewes offered whole crop wheat silage-based diets produced smaller lambs. Mule ewes produced lower volumes of colostrum in the first 18 h after lambing reflecting a lower nutrient intake during late pregnancy. Maternal nutrition and breed type merit careful consideration in prolific sheep production systems to ensure lamb welfare and survivability are not compromised.Provision of adequate nutrient intake in late gestation of the ewe is an important determinant of dam and offspring performance. A 2 × 3 factorial design experiment examining two forage types, whole crop wheat silage (WCWS) or grass silage (GS) offered to one of three prolific breed types, (Belclare X, Lleyn X, Mule (Bluefaced Leicester × Blackface Mountain)), was conducted. Forage type had no impact on dry matter (DM) or metabolizable energy (ME) intake, body weight and body condition score change, or colostrum production (p > 0.05). Ewes offered WCWS had lower crude protein (CP) intake (p < 0.0001) and a lower combined litter weight (p < 0.05). Mule ewes consumed less DM, CP, (p < 0.05), and ME (p < 0.01) compared to Belclare X and Lleyn X ewes however, water intake per kg DM consumed did not differ with breed type (p > 0.05). Colostrum yield over the first 18 h postpartum was lower for Mule ewes compared to other breed types (p < 0.05). In conclusion, results from this study suggest nutrient concentration and balance as opposed to forage type is important for late gestation nutrition and breed type can impact feed intake and colostrum yield.

Natural History of Late Type IA Endoleaks

Although early type IA endoleaks are well described, late-appearing proximal endoleaks are less understood. All patients who underwent elective endovascular aneurysm repair without prior aortic surgery at a single institution from 2010 to 2018 were studied. Only type IA endoleaks diagnosed on postoperative computed tomography scans were considered, not completion angiograms. Late endoleaks were defined as those appearing after 1 year. We used Cox regression to study factors associated with late type IA endoleaks. There were 477 patients who underwent endovascular aneurysm repair, of whom 411 (86%) had adequate follow-up. There were 24 type IA endoleaks, 4 early and 20 late. The freedom from type IA endoleaks was 99%, 92%, and 81% at 1 year, 5 years, and 8 years, with a median time to occurrence of 2.5 years (3 days-8.2 years). Only 40% of patients with type IA endoleaks were treated within the initial graft instructions for use. Although 75% of the early type IA endoleaks appeared on completion angiography, only 10% of patients with a late type IA endoleak had a proximal endoleak on completion angiography, and 60% had no endoleak at the completion of the index case. Only 21% of late type IA endoleaks were evident by 1 year, but 79% had stable or expanding sacs. Twelve (60%) late type IA endoleaks had prior interventions for other endoleaks, mostly type II (10/12). Age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.07 per year [1.02-1.12]; P = .01), neck diameter >28 mm (HR, 3.5 [1.2-10.3]; P = .02), neck length <20 mm (HR, 3.0 [1.1-8.6]; P = .04), and neck angle >60 degrees (HR, 3.4 [1.5-7.9]; P = .004) were all independently associated with higher rates of type IA endoleak, but not female sex, endograft, or the use of suprarenal fixation. Two patients had proximal degeneration and five experienced graft migration. There were two ruptures (10%), and 14 patients underwent repair (5 open, 9 endovascular), 3 of whom underwent multiple interventions. Median survival after late type IA endoleak repair was 6.6 years (0-8.4 years). Late-appearing type IA endoleaks have a high rate of rupture and present significant diagnostic and management challenges. Careful follow-up is needed, especially in patients with hostile neck anatomy and those undergoing intervention for other endoleaks.

Bar Classification Based on the Potential Map

Abstract We introduce a new approach to classify barred galaxies that utilizes the transverse-to-radial force ratio map (ratio map, hereafter) in a different manner from previous studies. When we display the ratio map in polar coordinates, barred galaxies appear as four aligned, horizontal thick slabs. This characteristic feature enables us to successfully classify barred and nonbarred galaxies with an accuracy of 87%. It yields a bar fraction of 53%, including both SBs and SABs, when applied to 884 nearby (z &lt; 0.01) spiral galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey/DR7. It also provides the bar strength and length measurements, in particular, separated from the spiral arms. They show good correlations with the measures estimated from ellipse fitting and Fourier analysis. However, we find different tendencies of the bar strength measurements in terms of the Hubble sequence: as the Hubble sequence increases (toward late types), the bar strength and bar ellipticity increase, whereas the dipole Fourier amplitude decreases. We show that the bulge affects the estimation of the bar strength differently, depending on the classification methods. The bulge causes the bar length to be overestimated in all three methods. Meanwhile, we find that barred galaxies show two types of radial profiles of the angle-averaged force ratio: one has a maximum peak (type M) and the other a plateau (type P). Comparison with numerical simulations suggests that type-M bars are more mature than type-P bars in terms of evolutionary stage.

Hydrothermal fluid evolution at the Tiegelongnan porphyry-epithermal Cu(Au) deposit, Tibet, China: Constraints from H and O stable isotope and in-situ S isotope

The Tiegelongnan porphyry-epithermal Cu (Au) deposit is located in the Duolong porphyry district, north of the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone, Tibet, China. Mineralization is hosted by Jurassic sedimentary sandstone, and several phases of diorite and granodiorite porphyry dikes intruded between 123 and 116 Ma. The hydrothermal alteration is characterized by alunite-kaolinite-dickite overprinting quartz-muscovite-pyrite and biotite alteration zones. Porphyry chalcopyrite-pyrite ± molybdenite (Stage 1) mineralization is associated with biotite alteration. Porphyry chalcopyrite-bornite (Stage 2), and covellite (Stage 3) mineralization is associated with quartz-muscovite-pyrite alteration formed at ~121 Ma. Epithermal mineralization, consisting of pyrite-alunite (Stage 4), chalcopyrite-bornite-digenite (Stage 5), and tennantite-enargite (Stage 6), is hosted by two pulses of alunite-kaolinite breccia and veins at ~116 Ma and ~112 Ma. The fluid composition related to muscovite, with average δ18O of 8.9‰ and δD of −56‰, indicates a magmatic water origin. Fluid δ18O composition in equilibrium with quartz veins decreases from 6.7 to 2.3‰, which are likely the results of the water-rock isotopic exchange. Quartz fluid inclusions δD values between −50 to −84‰ are partly lower than that obtained from muscovite alteration fluids, which may result from H fractionation during fluid inclusions decrepitation. Epithermal stage fluid composition equilibrium with alunite yield δ18O from −1.2 to 2.7‰ and δD from −71 to −51‰, n = 11, which is comparable to the fluid composition equilibrium with Type Ⅰ kaolinite (hosting ores) with δ18O between −2.5 and 2.9‰, and δD between −72 and −51‰. It suggests that alunite and Type Ⅰ kaolinite formed with mixing between magmatic and high altitude Cretaceous meteoric water. Late Types Ⅱ and III kaolinite (filling alunite and quartz veins) fluid δ18O and δD values plot along a mixing line between magmatic and low altitude Cretaceous meteoric water, probably following the erosion and plateau subsidence. Porphyry mineralization sulfide stage 1 chalcopyrite and pyrite yield δ34S values between −5.8 and 0.9‰, with an average fluid δ34SH2S = −2.5‰ (n = 10), whereas stage 2 chalcopyrite returns δ34S values from −8.7 to −3‰ with an average δ34SH2S = −5.6‰ (n = 5). The lower fluid δ34SH2S values during sulfides stage 2 compared to that of stage 1, suggest that the chalcopyrite-bornite mineralization formed under higher oxidation conditions than that of the chalcopyrite-pyrite mineralization. Alunite yields δ34S values from 11 to 18.3‰ (n = 8), and the associated sulfide stage 4 pyrite have varying δ34S values from −32.2 to 5.4‰. Disequilibrium S isotope in alunite-pyrite pairs was likely because of rapid cooling and retrograde S isotope exchange during later sulfides emplacement. Epithermal mineralization sulfide Stage 4 S-equilibrated pyrite (−14.9 to −9.5‰), Stage 5 chalcopyrite (−11.6 to −8.2‰), and Stage 6 enargite (−5.4 to −2.6‰) display increasing δ34S values suggesting epithermal fluid compositions evolve towards more reducing conditions.

Evaluating Sustainable Intensification of Groundnut Production in Northern Ghana Using the Sustainable Intensification Assessment Framework Approach

The sustainable intensification of crop production system requires the efficient use of resources. A 3-year on-farm experiment was conducted to determine the sustainability of plant density for groundnut production in Northern Ghana using the sustainable intensification assessment framework (SIAF). The SIAF allows the assessment of the sustainable intensification potential of the agricultural system in five domains: productivity, economics, environment, human, and social. The experiment was laid out in a strip plot design with six groundnut varieties (early maturity type: Chinese, Yenyewoso, and Samnut 23, and late maturity type: Azivivi, Mani pinta, and Samnut 22) as the horizontal plot factor and four plant densities (22, 15, 11, and 9 plant/m2) as the vertical plot factor. Using the SIAF as a guide, data on grain and fodder yield (productivity), net income and benefit cost ratio (economic), vegetative cover at 30, 40, and 50 days after planting and harvesting and biological nitrogen fixation (environment), calorie and protein production (human), and technology rating by gender (social) were recorded to calculate the sustainability indices of the treatments. The results showed that the sustainability indices for the Yenyewoso and Mani pinta groundnut varieties were above 1 in all the regions, indicating that both groundnut maturity types are sustainable for cultivation in the Northern regions of Ghana. Planting both groundnut maturity types at a density of 22 plant/m2 increased the sustainability index threefold compared with the farmer practice (9 plant/m2) and 79% compared with the 11 and 15 plant/m2. This suggests that planting groundnut at a density of 22 plant/m2 will sustainably intensify groundnut production in Northern Ghana and similar agro-ecologies across West Africa.

Long Term Outcomes of Endovascular Aortic Repair in Patients With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Ectatic Common Iliac Arteries

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long term results of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and ectatic common iliac arteries (CIAs). In a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database in two high volume centres, patients with AAAs undergoing elective standard EVAR were divided into two groups: those with both CIA diameters <18mm, and those with at least one ectatic iliac artery (CIA≥18mm). Patients with an intentional external iliac artery landing zone were excluded. Primary outcomes were survival and freedom from re-intervention. Secondary end points were EVAR failure and iliac related endoleak and iliac re-intervention. From 2000 to 2015, 648 patients were included in the study, 277 (43%) had at least one CIA≥18mm. Pre-operative risk factors were similar between the two groups, with the exception of chronic renal insufficiency (p=.010) and cerebrovascular events (p=.040), which were higher in the ectatic CIA group. At 30 days from primary procedure, there was a higher rate of type Ib endoleak in patients with ectatic iliacs (p=.020). A statistically significant increase in the incidence of late type Ib endoleak in patients with ectatic iliac arteries was confirmed at a mean follow up of 74.8 months (p=.01). The need for iliac related re-intervention was higher in patients with CIAs ≥18mm (odds ratio 1.94; 95% confidence interval 1.1-3.2). Ectatic iliac arteries are considered suitable landing zones for EVAR, although there is an increased risk of secondary interventions in time mainly due to late CIA dilation and secondary type Ib endoleak. Patients receiving EVAR with flared iliac limbs may benefit a more intensive surveillance to avoid late failures.

NEW CANDIDATES FOR PLANETARY-MASS BROWN DWARFS IN IC 348.

We have used infrared images obtained with the Wide Field Camera 3 on board the Hubble Space Telescope to search for planetary-mass brown dwarfs in the star-forming cluster IC 348. In those images, we have identified 12 objects that have colors indicative of spectral types later than M8, corresponding to masses of ≲ 30 M Jup at the age of IC 348. The four brightest candidates have been observed with spectroscopy, all of which are confirmed to have late types. Two of those candidates appear to be young, and thus are likely members of the cluster, while the ages and membership of the other two candidates are uncertain. One of the former candidates is the faintest known member of IC 348 in extinction-corrected K s and is expected to have a mass of 4-5 M Jup based on evolutionary models and an assumed age of 3 Myr. Four of the remaining eight candidates have ground-based photometry that further supports their candidacy as brown dwarfs, some of which are fainter (and potentially less massive) than the known members.

Intravascular Ultrasound-Assisted Endovascular Exclusion of Penetrating Aortic Ulcers

Penetrating aortic ulcer (PAU) is an atherosclerotic lesion penetrating the elastic lamina and extending into the media of the aorta. It may evolve into intramural hematoma, focal dissection, pseudoaneurysm, and eventually rupture. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a totally intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-assisted endovascular exclusion of PAU. Thirteen consecutive patients (median age 66years) underwent IVUS-assisted endovascular exclusion of PAU. The primary end points were fluoroscopy time, radiation dose, and occurrence of type I primary endoleak. Secondary end points were postoperative mortality and morbidity, arterial access complications, postoperative length of stay in the hospital, and occurrence of type II endoleaks. The median fluoroscopy time was 4min (4-5). The median radiation dose was 4.2mGy (3.9-4.5). A proximal and distal landing zone of at least 2cm could be obtained in all the patients. No patient presented a type I endoleak. No postoperative mortality, no morbidity, or arterial access complication was observed. The median length of postoperative stay in the hospital was 2days (2-3). The median length of follow-up was 25months (9.2-38.7). One late type II endoleak was observed (7.7%), because of reflux from the intercostal arteries, without the need for additional treatment. IVUS-assisted endovascular treatment of PAU allows durable exclusion of PAU with a short fluoroscopy time and no need for injection of contrast media. Further series are needed to confirm the results of this preliminary study.

New Constraints on the Origin of Surface Brightness Profile Breaks of Disk Galaxies from MaNGA

Abstract In an effort to probe the origin of surface brightness profile (SBP) breaks widely observed in nearby disk galaxies, we carry out a comparative study of stellar population profiles of 635 disk galaxies selected from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory spectroscopic survey. We classify our galaxies into single exponential (Ti), down-bending (Tii), and up-bending (Tiii) SBP types and derive their spin parameters and radial profiles of age/metallicity-sensitive spectral features. Most Tii (Tiii) galaxies have down-bending (up-bending) star formation rate (SFR) radial profiles, implying that abrupt radial changes of SFR intensities contribute to the formation of both Tii and Tiii breaks. Nevertheless, a comparison between our galaxies and simulations suggests that stellar migration plays a significant role in weakening down-bending Σ⋆ profile breaks. While there is a correlation between the break strengths of SBPs and age/metallicity-sensitive spectral features for Tii galaxies, no such correlation is found for Tiii galaxies, indicating that stellar migration may not play a major role in shaping Tiii breaks, as is also evidenced by a good correspondence between the break strengths of Σ⋆ and SBPs of Tiii galaxies. We do not find evidence for galaxy spin being a relevant parameter for forming different SBP types, nor do we find significant differences between the asymmetries of galaxies with different SBP types, suggesting that environmental disturbances or satellite accretion in the recent past do not significantly influence the break formation. By dividing our sample into early and late morphological types, we find that galaxies with different SBP types follow nearly the same tight stellar mass– relation, which makes the hypothesis that stellar migration alone can transform SBP types from Tii to Ti and then to Tiii highly unlikely.

DDO Photometry for Some Late-type Stars

Abstract Extensive DDO photometric data are provided for selected subgiants and chromospherically active RS CVn binaries. A search for an improved DDO temperature-corrected luminosity calibration for late type stars is described.

VASIJAS NO CONQUISTADAS. PATRONES DE CONTINUIDAD DE LA CERÁMICA MAYA

Contact with the Spanish resulted in marked changes in the way of life of the populations of the New World. The production of objects also had to respond to the new system, including new technologies. Ceramics constitute a good example, as a durable and indispensable material for carrying out various tasks, whose production was adapted and merged with the new colonial tradition. However, in several cases the elaboration techniques and other features were maintained. In this contribution, focus is placed on examples of Maya ceramics from the Western Highlands of Guatemala and of the Lacandones from Chiapas, Mexico. Taking into account some important factors such as decorations, forms and manufacturing techniques, as observed, for example, among the Chuj of western Huehuetenango and other communities of the highlands, as well as their spiritual content, as for the Lacandon censers of Chiapas. With regards to colonial ceramics, types exhibiting features of the prehispanic tradition have been identified, as for example, the Late Postclassic Chinautla polychrome type, which was used for funeral urns, a ceramic type that continues to be manufactured in the municipality of Chinautla, Guatemala to this day. This paper identifies the patterns of continuity, their circumstances, conditions, as well as possible generalizations.

0289 What is the Optimal Duration to Sleep in on Weekends?

Abstract Introduction Most individuals in the workforce exhibit differing sleep/wake patterns between work days and weekends. Work days are typically characterized by shorter and earlier sleep. On weekends, sleep debt is repaid by sleeping later and longer, often due to evening events. While social jet-lag (the mismatch in work vs. free sleep timing) is associated with poor health outcomes, repaying sleep debt is beneficial to health. The degree to which individuals should sleep in on weekends is currently unknown. Methods We used a mathematical model of human sleep/wake timing, which has been validated for predicting sleep/wake patterns in a variety of field/lab conditions. Sleep timing constraints are inputs, and the model generates predicted sleep/wake patterns and alertness levels. We simulated a traditional 7-day work week, with 7am rise times on week days. Inter-individual differences in chronotype were modeled by varying intrinsic circadian period. The model was applied to two conditions: (i) free choice of sleep onset times on weekends; or (ii) late nights on weekends (2am bedtime). Weekend rise time was systematically varied to optimize predicted daytime alertness. Results Optimal weekend rise times varied as a function of chronotype. With free choice sleep onset times, the model predicted optimal rise time was later for late types than early types, ranging from 7:20 to 8:40am across individuals. Sleeping later than optimal was associated with poorer performance due to misaligned circadian phase. The same trend was observed in the late-night condition, but with later optimal rise times, ranging from 8:30 to 9:50am. Conclusion Although individuals should maintain a consistent sleep/wake pattern on all days of the week, they often do not, due to work or social commitments. Within real-world constraints, we provided the first objective recommendations for sleep timing on the weekend, finding a compromise between repaying sleep debt and avoiding circadian misalignment. Support N/A