Dental Laser Research Articles

Lasers in orthodontics -An anamnesis

The pertinence of dental Lasers in the field of orthodontics for hard and delicate tissues are huge. For accomplishing the coveted consequences for the objective tissue, learning of Laser attributes, for example, control, wattage, wavelength and timing, is essential. Laser treatment is favorable in light of the fact that it frequently abstains from dying, can be without torment, is non? obtrusive and is generally speedy. The present article is an audit on the primary sorts and qualities of laser frameworks utilized as a part of dental practice and talk about the uses of lasers in orthodontics, hurtful impacts and laser framework wellbeing. Keywords: Lasers, Orthodontics, Wavelength, Power, LLLT, Dentistry.

ESTIMATION OF THE CLINICAL EFFICIENCY OF THE APPLICATION OF LASER TECHNOLOGIES FOR SANITATION OF THE ORAL CAVITY IN INFLAMMATORY - DESTRUCTIVE DISEASES OF THE PERIODONT IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE I AND II DIABETES MELLITU

The study is devoted to the study of inflammatory and destructive periodontal diseases against the background of type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. The search and development of new approaches to the rehabilitation of periodontal tissues in patients with diabetes mellitus are aimed at stabilizing the pathological process in the oral cavity. The use of high-energy lasers in practice leads to a persistent bactericidal effect in target tissues and a reduction in the regeneration time in the postoperative period. Erbium laser with a wavelength of 2940 nm was used as a cutting tool according to the manufacturer's instructions in the recommended mode. The clinical efficacy of the dental laser in comparison with the conventional surgical method is shown on the basis of the quantitative results of the evaluation of the effect generally accepted in evidence-based medicine. The expediency of combining patients with different types of diabetes mellitus into a general group has been determined. A number of indices in the groups with gingivitis and periodontitis were analyzed. A randomized, open, comparative in parallel groups clinical study of the effectiveness of debridement of foci of periodontal infection in patients with type I and II diabetes mellitus using an erbium laser in comparison with the surgical method was carried out. The paper presents conclusions on the reduction of the unfavorable outcome of inflammatory-destructive periodontal diseases when using laser technologies. The results of evaluating the effectiveness of the use of a dental laser open the prospect for including this method of sanitation of gum tissue in the scheme of complex treatment of inflammatory and destructive periodontal disease.

Mathematical Study for laser and its Clinical Applications in dentistry: Review and Outlook

The paper for the survey is to recapitulate applications of laser, mathematically and also discusses whether the laser can furnish a similar or ameliorate treatment for traditional care. Studies have shown that the use of lasers in the different fields is an efficacious device to increase efficiency, quality, easiness, cost and convenience in dental therapy. The laser is an influential dental auxiliary to control pollution, wound reparations, the discharge and control of tremolo in the expulsion of hard tissues. Lasers designed specifically for this region are surgical and medical devices at the forefront of technology and are used by a large number of doctors in everyday use. Dental laser uses wavelengths that are absorbed in soft or solid tissues and given exceptional privacy in tissue. Its clinical capabilities are extremely complex, providing very good comfort for the patient. Clinical conditions will characterize the various and diverse applications of dental lasers depending on the power used during exposure and absorption of wavelengths in soft or hard tissues, emphasizing the benefits for each case.

Dental LASER : A Boon in Dentistry & its significance in Covid-19

LASER stands for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. Einstein was the ist to give the foundation for laser , however the first to give laser term was Gordon Gould. Invention of LASER has brought about a major revolution in the ways of life of people. The increasing use of laser in medicine has only been possible due to a better understanding of the interaction between laser light and living tissue. Reliably laser removes the needle, drill, and pain from the dental procedures & also reduces risk of contamination with respect to drills. Laser significantly reduces aerosols and Does not produce scratch material , thus causing less spread of debris outside the oral cavity. Blood free procedures for better recovery . Laser dentistry can be a precise and effective way to perform many dental procedures. Dental laser can be used to generate both hard and soft tissue laser energy, depending upon the patient’s needs.

Lasers in Endodontics- A Review of Literature

Lasers are commonly used to reshape our gums during root canal procedures and to kill bacteria. Applicationof lasers in dentistry has been increased due to its safety and effectiveness in dental treatments. Lasers havebeen used as coadjuvant treatment in endodontic therapy with respect to both low-intensity laser therapy(LILT) and high-intensity laser treatment (HILT) to improve clinical procedures’ success rate. The majorprocedures done with lasers in endodontics are dentin hypersensitivity, removal of carious tissues, toothpreparations, pulp capping or pulpotomy and also in root canal treatment.Lasers are often used to removemouth lesions and to soothe discomfort. A thorough literature search was performed using the databaselike Pubmed, google scholar, BioRxiv, MESH database using the keywords ‘light amplification device’and ‘Endodontics’ and also their types with no date and year restrictions.12 articles with similar data havebeen found which were analysed and have been included in this study. Talulation were done using googledocuments. The recent articles discussed in this study help us in gaining further knowledge about lasers andtheir usage in endodontics. The various methods of using lasers discussed in this article has been widelyused by dental practitioners with 100% success rate. So it has been concluded that lasers are well establishedinstruments. Upcoming research based on lasers are showing more benefits and ability to perform lessinvasive procedures with greater comfort of patients has led to the development of lasers in modern dentistryespecially in endodontics.

The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Application of Laser Exclusively in the Periodontal Field

When laser energy is used as a therapy modality for the prevention, treatment, and management of differenttypes of periodontal disease, it emerged into a very exciting therapeutic tool bringing a huge success withit. Various types of lasers are available today in the modern technology world. Along with the types oflasers, also available the various options to choose the right wavelength according to the treatment modality.Not only is the laser used for root surface procedures, but also the soft tissue manipulation in the field ofPeriodontology. This makes periodontal treatment by dental laser a grand success as reported in a myriadof literature. The only mandatory condition applied to be applied is the sound knowledge of the clinicianin choosing the right type of laser with the required wavelength for a particular periodontal procedure. Noother field of dentistry still has seen so many marvelous transformations in the healing and success in themanagement of the soft tissue after a periodontal procedure. There is a huge application of the usage of Laserin the periodontal world exclusively, which is the goal of this review paper.

Laser Protection is Everyone’s Apprehension! An Update

Today Laser is not anymore limited to big hospitals; it is easily accessible to the private clinics and privateenterprises too. Anyone can go for laser practice today by attending a certified workshop on it. However, themain concern is the sound knowledge of its safety measures and management. This should be the primarygoal for everyone involved in the sale, purchase and practice. There is a mandatory necessity of the safetyadministration or supervision to prevent or safeguard the laser hazards like understanding of standards,recognition of hazards and risks, carrying out of suitable control measures, and unfailing program audit todisplay eminence assurance. Hence, this review topic is taken to update the details of the dental laser hazardsand its management.

Systematic Review of Post-Surgical Laser-Assisted Oral Soft Tissue Outcomes Using Surgical Wavelengths Outside the 650-1350 nm Optical Window.

Objective: To explore via systematic review the validation of uneventful post-surgical healing, associated with shorter and longer laser wavelength applications in minor oral surgery procedures. Methods: From April 28 to May 11, 2020, PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews, and Google Scholar search engines were applied to identify human clinical trials of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy in clinical dentistry. The searches were carried out with reference to (1) dental laser wavelengths shorter than 650 nm; (2) wavelengths localized within the 2780-2940 nm; and (3) the 9300-10,600 nm range. Selected articles were further assessed by three independent reviewers for strict compliance with PRISMA guidelines and modified Cochrane Risk of Bias to determine eligibility. Results: Using selection filters of randomized clinical trials, moderate/low risk of bias, and the applied period, and following PRISMA guidelines, 25 articles were selected and examined. A risk of bias was completed, where 11 out of 25 publications were classified as low risk of bias, and 14 out of 25 were classified as medium risk status. In total, 6 out of 13 (46% of) studies comparing the examined laser wavelengths with scalpel-based treatment showed positive results, whereas 6 out of 13 (46%) showed no difference, and only 1 out of 13 (7.7%) presented a negative outcome. In addition, 5 out of 6 (83% of) studies comparing the examined laser wavelengths with other diodes (808-980 nm) showed positive results, whereas 1 out of 6 (17%) had negative outcomes. Conclusions: A detailed and blinded examination of published studies has been undertaken, applying strict criteria to demonstrate research outcome data, which suggests positive or at worst neutral comparatives when a given laser wavelength system is used against an alternative control therapy. As such, substantiated evidence for laser surgery in delivering uneventful healing and analgesic effects, as an expression of a PBM-like (quasi-PBM) influence, has been shown.

A Comparative Study to Evaluate the Surface Quality of Erbium Dental Lasers with Conventional Bur Preparation Followed by the Microleakage Assessment of the Composite and Cerec Cad-Cam Restored Cavities

The surface quality of the prepared tooth strongly contributes to the longevity of the filling material and protection against caries. Restoration failure and development of incipient caries under the restoration are one of the major problems we face in our old dental practice despite our utmost struggle. This problem was never addressed until the introduction of modern technology that revealed the mystery behind the failure. With the new modern laser technology, we can overcome the problem at ease. Dental hard tissue laser prepares the cavities through the process called “Water Mediated Ablation”. It has the advantages over the conventional bur preparation by removing any debris such as smear layer and bacterial colonies within the dentinal tubules. This paper therefore, is a comparative study that examines the surface quality of the teeth cavities prepared with two high-end dental lasers Er: YAG, Er, Cr: YSGG with the conventional handpiece bur. Same settings were used for both hard tissue Er: YAG and Er, Cr: YSGG lasers. The surface quality of prepared cavities was examined under an electron microscope. Restoration is made using the state of the art CEREC Cad-Cam system and conventional nano-composite filling material. Cavities were scored for microleakage after thermocycling and dye penetration test. This penetration test contributes to nearly 10 years of stress in the normal oral environment. The microleakage was then examined under a leica microscope. The surface quality of the cavities prepared with both dental hard tissue lasers was clear of smear layer promising the longevity and durability of the restoration and declining of incipient caries. Convention preparation showed smear layer and obstruction of dentinal tubules preventing the bonding material to penetrate and seal leading to the future development of incipient caries and dislodgements.

Do Lasers Have an Adjunctive Role in Initial Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy? A Systematic Review.

(1) Background: dental lasers have numerous applications for periodontal therapy which include surgical procedures of soft tissue and osseous structures, and non-surgical treatments such as pathogen reduction, removal of surface accretions, and photobiomodulation. The aim of this review was to evaluate the scientific literature to ascertain whether lasers have a beneficial role when used adjunctively in initial non-surgical periodontal therapy. (2) Methods: A PubMed search was performed specifically for randomized clinical trials where a dental laser was used adjunctively for initial periodontal therapy on human patients published from January 2010–April 2020. The first search identified 1294 eligible studies. After additional criteria and filters were applied, 20 manuscripts were included in this review. (3) Results: The chosen manuscripts reported on investigations into initial therapy for patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. After periodontal charting, conventional instrumentation such as hand and ultrasonic scaling was performed on all patients in the studies, and then a test group or groups of patients were treated adjunctively with a laser. That adjunctive laser group’s periodontal findings showed various degrees of improved health compared to the group treated with only conventional methods. (4) Conclusion: This systematic review found that 70% of the included studies reported significantly better outcomes in certain clinical parameters, but no improvement in others. The remaining 30% of the manuscripts reported no significant difference in any of the measurements. With consideration to correct parametry, lasers have an adjunctive role in initial non-surgical periodontal therapy.

COMBINATION OF FRENOTOMY AND GINGIVECTOMY TREATMENT WITH LASER DIODES AS AESTHETIC CORRECTIONS: A CASE REPORT

ABSTRACTBackground: High tension on the frenum in some cases may generate chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation can trigger gingival enlargement, thereby resulting in unfavorable aesthetic appearance. Frenotomy and gingivectomy are surgical procedures that are often performed in periodontics field to overcome such condition. The use of lasers in frenectomy/frenotomy and gingivectomy methods is still uncommon but more convenient than using a scalpel. Diode lasers exhibit several advantages over conventional methods because it can control the bleeding and is also painless that may reduce the need of anesthesia. Objectives: To report the likelihood of diode lasers instead of conventional methods using scalpels in frenotomy and gingivectomy for aesthetic corrections. Case: A 20-years-old female patient arrived at Periodontics Department of Airlangga University to repair gums in upper and lower jaw region. Patient felt less confident with the state of her gum which discerned to cover the portion of her teeth and wished to receive surgical treatment for aesthetics improvement. No involvement of systemic disease and drug consumption was noted in this case. Case Management: The management of such aberrant frenum was accomplished by performing labial frenotomy and removing enlarged tissues which is a common surgical procedure in the field of periodontics. Dental lasers are currently being employed in manyfields of periodontics, providing alternatives to traditional scalpel techniques. Conclusion: Surgical treatment in cases of aberrant frenum and gingival enlargement using diode lasers (Epic X, Biolase) for aesthetic correction provides satisfactory results with minimum pain and rapid healing. Keywords: Aberrant frenum, Diode laser ,Frenotomy, Gingivectomy

Application of Texture and Fractal Dimension Analysis to Estimate Effectiveness of Oral Leukoplakia Treatment Using an Er:YAG Laser-A Prospective Study.

Background: Oral leukoplakia (OL) is a potential neoplasmic lesion. The aim of this study was to apply texture analysis (TA) and fractal dimension analysis (FDA) to estimate the effectiveness of OL treatment using an Er:YAG laser. Methods: Eighteen patients with 32 lesions were treated. Laser procedures were conducted using the LiteTouch™ Er:YAG Dental Laser. The diameter of the operational tip was 1.3 mm, the power was 50 mJ, the frequency was 50 Hz, and the wavelength was 2940 nm. TA was based on long and short-run emphasis inverse moments, difference entropy, inverse difference moment, and wavelet decomposition for two-dimensional photography. FDA was measured using the box-counting method. Results: Total response was achieved in 50% of lesions, partial response was observed in 47%, and 3% of lesions did not respond to treatment. Recurrence occurred in 34% of lesions. TA features indicated pathological images depicting leukoplakia and complete reconstruction of the correct mucosal image after laser ablation. The discrete wavelet transformation feature detects much larger structures than the properties derived from the run-length matrix and co-occurrence matrix. Conclusions: The Er:YAG laser is an effective treatment method in cases of oral leukoplakia. Leukoplakia treatment by Er:YAG laser is an effective modality, as revealed by the oral mucosa microstructure. TA and FDA are promising methods to estimate the effectiveness of OL treatment.

Educational Needs of Dental Laser as Perceived by Dental Graduates: A Survey of Knowledge and Skill Requirements

Educational Needs of Dental Laser as Perceived by Dental Graduates: A Survey of Knowledge and Skill Requirements

A call for more utilization of laser dentistry at the time of coronavirus pandemic

Since the eruption of coronavirus pandemic the face of the world has dramatically changed. Sadly, the impact of this health crisis on human beings and the world at large has been massive. To date, the world is struggling to find a cure/vaccination to this deadly virus. Globally, protection procedures to avoid infection with coronavirus have become the slogan of this era of time.

Evaluation of Different Dental Lasers' Ability to Congeal Pooled Blood: An In Vitro Study.

Most dental lasers claim that they can aid in hemostasis during oral and periodontal surgery. To date, there are no studies that compare different lasers' ability to congeal pooled blood. The aim of the study was to see if there was a difference in dental lasers' ability to congeal pooled human blood in vitro. Whole blood was collected from donors, with 0.5 mL (premolar socket volume for all tests) aliquoted into microcentrifuge tubes. Different dental lasers (810-nm diode, 940-nm diode, 1,064-nm Nd:YAG, 2,790-nm Er,Cr:YSGG, 2,940-nm Er:YAG, and 10,600-nm CO2) were applied to the whole blood for 0, 15, 30, and 45 seconds. The sample tubes were centrifuged, and the supernatant color was scored to assess the degree of congealing. Additional samples of blood were tested for time needed for maximum congealing and temperature change. Analysis of supernatant colors showed that there were significant differences in the degrees of congealing for the 810-nm diode, 940-nm diode, and 2,790-nm Er,Cr:YSGG lasers when compared to the 1,064-nm Nd:YAG, 2,940-nm Er:YAG, and 10,600-nm CO2 lasers, but not within those groupings. Additionally, the 1,064-nm Nd:YAG laser increased the temperature of the blood samples more than the other lasers and had a shorter time for maximum congealing. There were differences in the dental lasers' ability to congeal pooled human blood in an in vitro model. Nd:YAG, Er:YAG, and 10,600-nm CO2 lasers were able to achieve a greater degree of congealing at an earlier time point. The Nd:YAG laser produced the most heat and was the fastest to complete coagulation.

Er:YAG laser promotes proliferation and wound healing capacity of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts through Galectin-7 induction

Among various dental lasers, the erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser has great potential for periodontal treatment including soft and hard tissue ablation with minimal thermal side effects under suitable energy densities and it has multiple effects on tissues for wound-healing benefits. In the present study, we sought to reveal the molecular mechanism underlying the impact of Er:YAG laser on PDL fibroblasts. Cells were irradiated by a Er:YAG laser with various energy densities (3.6-6.3J/cm2). MTT assay was used for cell proliferation, and the transwell system was employed for migration and invasion abilities. The wound healing capacity was evaluated by a scratch assay. After confirming these effects, qRT-PCR and western blotting analysis was applied to identify the differentially galectin-7 expression in the irradiated cells. Knockdown experiments were conducted to reveal the functional role of galectin-7 in the modulation of Er:YAG laser-mediated effects. 4.2J/cm2 was the lowest energy density to induce the optimal cell proliferation, migration and invasion abilities. In the group of upregulated genes, galectin-7 was selected for further examination and its elevation after Er:YAG laser treatment was validated by RT-PCR and Western blot. We demonstrated that silence of galectin-7 abrogated the effects of Er:YAG laser on cell proliferation, migration ad invasion, suggesting the Er:YAG laser promoted these effects through induction of galectin-7. These findings indicated that Er:YAG laser may accelerate the regeneration process in periodontal tissues through enhancement of their proliferative and mobile activities. Additionally, the significance of galectin-7 in the Er:YAG laser-elicited benefits was demonstrated.

Dental lasers applications in visible wavelength operational band

<p>There is no doubt that radiation has many side effects in our lives, so our goal in this study is to reduce our use of radiation in the diagnosis of tooth caries, and in order to achieve this goal we used the field of optical fiber in the detection of some diseases associated with oral and dental medicine. This diagnosis was accomplished by shedding light on the teeth, to be diagnosed and creating an image that allows the doctor to examine them and determine whether there are caries or any root problems. The principle is also used to detect oral cancer, fractures, and cracks in bones. This study also allows us to detect early caries, and this method saves time because it gives the diagnosis at the same time while the patient is in the treatment unit of the dental clinic. Thus the main advantages of this method are, enable the dentist to view images on the display unit attached to the clinic in real-time, compare current photos with old photos of the same patient. Also, the dentist can create a photo archive of each tooth individually and can retrieve and compare them whenever he wants. </p>

Lasers in Dentistry: In Advancing Front; A Review

Lasers in Dentistry: In Advancing Front; A Review

Use of diode lasers in dentistry

Use of diode lasers in dentistry has grown in popularity over the years. When used by a properly trained and licensed dental professional and proper protocols are observed, efficacy of diode laser use for many procedures is possible. It is important that specific protocols be followed when using the diode laser to ensure safety of both patients and providers.

"Laser Dentistry"-The Need of the Hour: A Cross-sectional Study.

ABSTRACTAim:The increase in the technological development in dentistry has led to a better and efficient treatment being rendered to the patient. One such development is the application of laser in the field of dentistry. The introduction of laser has provided various advantages to the dentist. Therefore, a study was conducted to assess awareness among the dentists in Coimbatore district about the application of laser.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among the dentists in Coimbatore district. A questionnaire consisting of three parts was used to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of laser dentistry.Results:The results were tabulated, and the percentages were statistically analyzed. The knowledge of laser usage and application of laser was present for almost 55% of the dentist. The attitude of dentist toward the advantage of laser was less. The practice of laser dentistry was poor among dentists, and only 10% were effectively practicing laser dentistry.Conclusion:The advantages of laser in daily dental practice are more advantageous than the disadvantages such as cost of equipment and material handling. Therefore, there is a great need for creating awareness of laser dentistry. Cost-effective equipment is the need of the hour to promote laser dentistry.