Large Touch Research Articles

A New Way of Using the Interactive Whiteboard in a High School Physics Classroom: A Case Study

In recent decades, the interactive whiteboard (IWB) has become a relatively common educational tool in Western schools. The IWB is essentially a large touch screen, that enables the user to interact with digital content in ways that are not possible with an ordinary computer-projector-canvas setup. However, the unique possibilities of IWBs are rarely leveraged to enhance teaching and learning beyond the primary school level. This is particularly noticeable in high school physics. We describe how a high school physics teacher learned to use an IWB in a new way, how she planned and implemented a lesson on the topic of orbital motion of planets, and what tensions arose in the process. We used an ethnographic approach to account for the teacher’s and involved students’ perspectives throughout the process of teacher preparation, lesson planning, and the implementation of the lesson. To interpret the data, we used the conceptual framework of activity theory. We found that an entrenched culture of traditional white/blackboard use in physics instruction interferes with more technologically innovative and more student-centered instructional approaches that leverage the IWB’s unique instructional potential. Furthermore, we found that the teacher’s confidence in the mastery of the IWB plays a crucial role in the teacher’s willingness to transfer agency within the lesson to the students.

Financial Cataclysm of Terror

The article is talking about terror and specially its catastrophic effects on economy and financing process across the globe. Here in the article is given examples of different countries where one may see rise of terror every passing day. With statistical data and proven disadvantages, the article is by and large touching upon post terror effects on economy and how its effects extend throughout time.

Frequency Selection Concurrent Sensing Technique for High-Performance Touch Screens

In this paper, we present a frequency selection concurrent sensing (FSCS) technique for multi-touch detection of the projected mutual capacitance touch screens. The proposed technique improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the frame scan rate of large touch screens. With the proposed technique, the controller concurrently applies sine waves with different frequencies to all drive lines. It converts the output signals of each sense line to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform, and measures the touch signal strength at the frequency corresponding to each touch position. We show that the proposed method can substantially improve the SNR by properly selecting the frequencies for the excitation signals to avoid the ambient noise. We also demonstrate that the FSCS technique can significantly increase the frame scan rate by concurrently driving all lines. Experimental results show that the proposed technique provides a frame scan rate of 128.2 Hz and an SNR of 70.5 dB with a large touch screen of 23 in.

32-2: High-Speed Capacitive Touch Sensor with Pseudo-CMOS Buffer using a-IGZO TFTs on Plastic

We propose a capacitive touch sensor with a-IGZO TFTs on plastic using pseudo-CMOS inverter as output buffer. Benefit from the pseudo-CMOS structure, the sensor achieves both high-speed and large output swing between touched/untouched state. This result demonstrates a novel approach to large area flexible touch sensing applications.

Achieving occupational goals with the TAPit: A case study

Background/Aims: The Touch Accessible Platform for Interactive Technology (TAPit) is an interactive learning station, with a large touch screen providing access to the Internet and other resources. The aim of this study was to investigate the physical, psychosocial and functional impact of the TAPit on an individual living with spinal cord injury. Methods: This study employed a mixed methods case study design. Quantitative data was analysed descriptively, and both quantitative and qualitative data was classified according to the dimensions. Results: The introduction of the TAPit to the participant addressed aspects of doing, being, becoming and belonging, and had an immediate and successful impact for her, as she achieved two long-held and meaningful goals during a short trial. Strengths and limitations for the TAPit were identified in regards to people with spinal cord injury, along with directions for future development. Conclusions: This case study provides the first evidence about the effectiveness of the TAPit as an item of assistive technology for people with spinal cord injury, including participant perspectives on its use. This study demonstrates its potential as a device to support people to be able to participate in meaningful activities and occupations and that the provision of suitable adaptations and apps are the key to its success.

One Glass Single ITO Layer Solution for Large Size Projected-Capacitive Touch Panels

One glass single ITO layer solution has been demonstrated for large size projected-capacitive touch panels. Using simple touch sensors and algorithm, the proposed solution can effectively solve the issues of sensitivity reduction and large coordinate shifting existing in current large size touch panels. A touch system based on the proposed solution can achieve a coordinate shifting of less than 1.5%.

Touch Screen Sensing Circuit with Rotating Auto-Zeroing Offset Cancellation

In this paper, we present a rotating auto-zeroing offset cancellation technique, which can improve the performance of touch screen sensing circuits. Our target touch screen detection method employs multiple continuous sine waves to achieve a high speed for large touch screens. While conventional auto-zeroing schemes cannot handle such continuous signals properly, the proposed scheme does not suffer from switching noise and provides effective offset cancellation for continuous signals. Experimental results show that the proposed technique improves the signal-to-noise ratio by 14 dB compared to a conventional offset cancellation scheme. For the realistic simulation results, we used Cadence SPECTRE with an accurate TSP model and noise source. We also applied an asymmetric device size (10% MOS size mismatch) to the OP Amp design in order to measure the effectiveness of offset cancellation. We implemented the proposed circuit as part of a touch screen controller system-on-chip by using a Magnachip/SK Hynix 0.18-μm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process.

Examining the Usability of Touch Screen Gestures for Older and Younger Adults.

We examined the usability issues associated with four touch screen gestures (clicking, dragging, zooming, and rotating) among older and younger users. It is especially important to accommodate older users' characteristics to ensure the accessibility of information and services that are important to their quality of life. Forty older and 40 younger participants completed four experiments, each of which focused on one gesture. The effects of age, type of touch screen (surface acoustic wave vs. optical), inclination angle (30°, 45°, 60°, and 75°), and user interface factors (clicking: button size and spacing; dragging: dragging direction and distance; zooming: design of zooming gesture; rotating: design of rotating gesture) on user performance and satisfaction were examined. Button sizes that are larger than 15.9 × 9.0 mm led to better performance and higher satisfaction. The effect of spacing was significant only when the button size was notably small or large. Rightward and downward dragging were preferred to leftward and upward dragging, respectively. The younger participants favored direct manipulation gestures using multiple fingers, whereas the older participants preferred the click-to design. The older participants working with large inclination angles of 60° to 75° reported a higher level of satisfaction than the older participants working with smaller angles. We proposed a set of design guidelines for touch screen user interfaces and discussed implications for the selection of appropriate technology and the configuration of the workspace. The implications are useful for the design of large touch screen applications, such as desktop computers, information kiosks, and health care support systems.

대형 터치스크린의 고속감지를 위한 주파수분할 동시센싱 기법

ABSTRACT This paper presents a high-speed sensing and noise cancellation technique for large touch screens, which is called FDCS (Frequency Division Concurrent Sensing). Most conventional touch screen detection methods apply excitation pulses sequentially and analyze the sensing signals sequentially, and so are often unacceptably slow for large touch screens. The proposed technique applies sinusoidal signals of orthogonal frequencies simultaneously to all drive lines, and analyzes the signals from each sense line in frequency domain. Its parallel driving allows high speed detection even for a very large touch screens. It enhances the sensing SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) by introducing a frequency domain noise filtering scheme. We also propose a pre-distortion equalizer, which compensates the drive signals using the inverse transfer function of touch screen panel to further enhance the sensing SNR. Experimental results with a 23” large touch screen show that the proposed technique enhances the frame scan rate by 273% and an SNR by 43dB compared with a conventional scheme.

Information revealed from scrolling interactions on mobile devices

The information content of touchscreen gestures are analyzed.Besides user identity, gender and touchscreen experience level of the user can be revealed from gestures.Sequences of 10 strokes are appropriate for high accuracy user identity, gender and touchscreen experience level recognition. The aim of this study is to analyze information that can be revealed from simple touch gestures such as horizontal and vertical scrolling. Touch gestures contain identity information, they can reflect the user's experience using touchscreen and they can infer the gender of the user. The statements are based on measurements on a large touch dataset collected from 71 users using 8 different mobile devices, both tablets and phones. Touch data were divided in strokes and classification measurements were investigated based on single and multiple strokes. Classification results based on single stroke are inaccurate, which can be improved by using multiple strokes. Measurements prove that identity, gender and user's touchscreen experience level can be accurately predicted from a sequence of 10 strokes. In addition to the different classification results we present statistical analysis of the collected data in order to reveal basic differences between male and female users as well as for less and more experienced touchscreen users.

Concurrent Driving Method with Fast Scan Rate for Large Mutual Capacitance Touch Screens

A novel touch screen control technique is introduced, which scans each frame in two steps of concurrent multichannel driving and differential sensing. The proposed technique substantially increases the scan rate and reduces the ambient noise effectively. It is also extended to a multichip architecture to support excessively large touch screens with great scan rate improvement. The proposed method has been implemented using 0.18 μm CMOS TowerJazz process and tested with FPGA and AFE board connecting a 23-inch touch screen. Experimental results show a scan rate improvement of up to 23.8 times and an SNR improvement of 24.6 dB over the conventional method.

Efficient Multi-Touch Detection Algorithm for Large Touch Screen Panels

Large mutual capacitance touch screen panels (TSP) are susceptible to display and ambient noise. This paper presents a multi-touch detection algorithm using an efficient noise compensation technique for large mutual capacitance TSPs. The sources of noise are presented and analyzed. The algorithm includes the steps to overcome each source of noise. The algorithm begins with a calibration technique to overcome the TSP mutual capacitance variation. The algorithm also overcomes the shadow effect of a hand close to TSP and mutual capacitance variation by dynamic threshold calculations. Time and space filters are also used to filter out ambient noise. The experimental results were used to determine the system parameters to achieve the best performance.

Natural Human-Computer Interaction Based on Finger Tracking

Large touch screen systems (LTSS) have been widely used in scientific, industrial, educational and artistic domains. They are easy and natural for people to use. We present a novel touch screen interaction with finger pointing and operating. To track the high freedom of fingertips with quick changes and self-occlusion by using ordinary cameras is a complex and challenging task. We propose a series of computer vision (CV) algorithms to fix initial position, coordinates mapping, fingertip detection, fingertip tracking, fingertip pose recognition, and generate control instructions. Evaluation shows our system is simply implemented and has a great effect.

A technical description of a novel pharmacological anesthesia robot

To control the three components of general anesthesia (hypnosis, analgesia, and neuromuscular blockade), an automated closed-loop, anesthesia-drug delivery system (McSleepy) was developed. Bispectral index was used as the control variable for hypnosis, the analgoscore for analgesia, and phonomyography for neuromuscular blockade. McSleepy can be used to control the induction, maintenance and emergence from general anesthesia. To do so, a large touch screen is used to provide a user friendly interface, permitting bidirectional communication: the user giving information about the different stages of anesthesia, and the system prompting the anesthesiologist to perform certain actions such as mask ventilation, intubation or waking-up the patient using audio clips with voice commands. Several safety features were implemented to provide a secure and reliable anesthesia. Preliminary results of 15 patients are presented in this paper. Evaluation of McSleepy was done through an assessment of its clinical performance and using Varvel's performance indices. The system was found to be clinically useful by providing good precision in drug administration and reliable results for the duration of a general anesthesia.

57.3: WITHDRAWN: 57.4: Inkjet‐Printed, Silver Ring Coating to Replace ITO

AbstractThe Touch Screen industry has been searching for a replacement to ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) over the last few years due to limitations in flexibility, screen size, as well as patterning cost and complexity. Based on the “coffee‐stain” effect, ClearJet uses inkjet to print ring patterns made of silver nanoparticles. This introduces a novel approach to ITO replacement. ClearJet's solution includes deposition and patterning in one step, via proven industrial inkjet technology. The resulting substrate meets or exceeds industry conductivity and transparency standards, enabling flexible and large touch screen applications, with a unique, low‐cost solution.

2B3-6 大型タッチパネルにおけるポインティング位置の違いが操作パフォーマンスに及ぼす影響

2B3-6 大型タッチパネルにおけるポインティング位置の違いが操作パフォーマンスに及ぼす影響

CCD Image Geometrical Distortion Correct and Large Touch Screen

There are geometric distortions in all the images produced by the CCD camera lens, and the distortions are all nonlinear. Coordinate conversion is an effective method for geometric correction. The calculations will boost as the higher degrees of the polynomial. It is impossible to apply directly in real time correction system. This article introduces a correction according to divided areas through linear polynomial on the base of higher degree polynomial coordinate conversions. In the method the image is divided into uneven loop like areas at first. In each area you can take a linear polynomial approximating higher degree polynomial. Because CCD camera lens distortions are radial distortions, high precision can be acquired through the linear polynomial on the base of higher degree polynomial. In the same time the calculations can be decreased and meet the needs of real-time correction. Apply this method on large touch screen, it can correct the distortion effectively and is useful in engineering.

Bivariate pointing movements on large touch screens: Investigating the validity of a refined Fitts’ Law

On the basis of three empirical studies Fitts' Law was refined for bivariate pointing tasks on large touch screens. In the first study different target width parameters were investigated. The second study considered the effect of the motion angle. Based on the results of the two studies a refined model for movement time in human-computer interaction was formulated. A third study, which is described here in detail, concerns the validation of the refined model. For the validation study 20 subjects had to execute a bivariate pointing task on a large touch screen. In the experimental task 250 rectangular target objects were displayed at a randomly chosen position on the screen covering a broad range of ID values (ID= [1.01; 4.88]). Compared to existing refinements of Fitts' Law, the new model shows highest predictive validity. A promising field of application of the model is the ergonomic design and evaluation of project management software. By using the refined model, software designers can calculate a priori the appropriate angular position and the size of buttons, menus or icons.

Multi‐touch detection technology using a divergence IR beam profile for large LCD touch solutions

This paper proposes a multi‐touch detection technology that can be applied to large LCDs. To achieve this goal, a set of IR LEDs and sensors was used to construct an IR matrix, and a new algorithm based on Hough transform was applied. This approach reduced the “Ghost” response of the multi‐touch detection technology to make it better than other IR touch recognition technologies, and showed robust performance in terms of multi‐touch recognition.

A Contact Stylus Profilometer Based on Linnik Interference Microscope

We have constructed a novel contact stylus profilometer which is, in a certain sense, a combination of a lever system, an x-y stage, a vertical scanning stage and a Linnik microscope interferometer with a spatially and temporally incoherent light source. The system has large measurement range, high precision and small touch force. Its vertical measuring range is ±5 mm with a resolution below 2 nm, and the horizontal measuring range is ±25 mm in x- and y-range with a resolution of 1.25 μm. This paper describes the system and its performance along with results of measuring some samples.