Large Packages Research Articles

Portion Size Norms of Discretionary Foods and Eating Settings: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study.

The increase in serving sizes of energy-dense nutrient-poor discretionary foods over time, with attractively presented large servings and package sizes, has led to portion distortion and a new 'normal' for serving sizes. Little data exists on the variations of portion size norms of discretionary foods across settings. This study aimed to examine the differences in the range of normal portion sizes of commonly consumed foods between home and out-of-home settings (coffee shops, restaurants). A repeated cross-sectional design was used, with nine selected discretionary foods and beverages included in a validated online image-series questionnaire. Participants completed the questionnaire at two time points to report their normal portion sizes in home and out-of-home settings. Quantile regression models were used to examine differences in the range of normal portion sizes (17th to 83rd percentile, representing the majority of the study population) between settings. A final sample of 295 participants was included in the analysis (51% females, mean age 40 ± 14 years). The ranges of normal portion sizes did not differ by settings for all test foods except for sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) tested in both containers and glassware. SSB showed smaller normal portion sizes at home compared to fast food restaurants (in a bottle/can and in a glass/cup; p < 0.001). These findings suggest that the portion size norms of many discretionary foods are mostly consistent in home and out-of-home settings. As the typical serving sizes available to consumers in the out-of-home settings are large, it is essential to establish practical serving size guidelines directed at the food industry to increase the availability of smaller size options and empower consumers towards better portion control.

The Great Lockdown and Economic Voting: Estimating the Impact of the COVID-19 Recession on the 2020 US Presidential Election

The 2020 US presidential election was won by Democrat challenger Joseph Biden over Republican incumbent Donald Trump and was contested during the global Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Unemployment increased sharply during the pandemic but was followed by a large federal relief package. We investigate whether there was economic voting in the 2020 election, that is, whether the increased unemployment rate and the subsequent government response during the pandemic affected Trump’s vote negatively or positively overall. We examine 48 states (by excluding Alaska, Hawaii, and DC). Using a triple-differences (DDD) model (that is, examining changes in a candidate’s county-level vote-share depending on the change in unemployment and historical Republican-Democrat partisanship), we predict what would have happened if the increase in unemployment rate in between March and October 2020 had been more modest. Although many states show significant negative expected impacts on the Trump vote, we predict that only when when the unemployment rates experience little change during the pandemic would overall results have swung in the incumbent’s favour – and only then in Arizona and Georgia.

EXTL3 and NPC1 are mammalian host factors for Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus infection

Baculovirus is an obligate parasitic virus of the phylum Arthropoda. Baculovirus including Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) has been widely used in the laboratory and industrial preparation of proteins or protein complexes. Due to its large packaging capacity and non-replicative and non-integrative natures in mammals, baculovirus has been proposed as a gene therapy vector for transgene delivery. However, the mechanism of baculovirus transduction in mammalian cells has not been fully illustrated. Here, we employed a cell surface protein-focused CRISPR screen to identify host dependency factors for baculovirus transduction in mammalian cells. The screening experiment uncovered a series of baculovirus host factors in human cells, including exostosin-like glycosyltransferase 3 (EXTL3) and NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 (NPC1). Further investigation illustrated that EXTL3 affected baculovirus attachment and entry by participating in heparan sulfate biosynthesis. In addition, NPC1 promoted baculovirus transduction by mediating membrane fusion and endosomal escape. Moreover, in vivo, baculovirus transduction in Npc1−/+ mice showed that disruption of Npc1 gene significantly reduced baculovirus transduction in mouse liver. In summary, our study revealed the functions of EXTL3 and NPC1 in baculovirus attachment, entry, and endosomal escape in mammalian cells, which is useful for understanding baculovirus transduction in human cells.

Secreted Particle Information Transfer (SPIT) - A Cellular Platform for In Vivo Genetic Engineering.

A multitude of tools now exist that allow us to precisely manipulate the human genome in a myriad of different ways. However, successful delivery of these tools to the cells of human patients remains a major barrier to their clinical implementation. Here we introduce a new cellular approach for in vivo genetic engineering, Secreted Particle Information Transfer (SPIT) that utilizes human cells as delivery vectors for in vivo genetic engineering. We demonstrate the application of SPIT for cell-cell delivery of Cre recombinase and CRISPR-Cas9 enzymes, we show that genetic logic can be incorporated into SPIT and present the first demonstration of human cells as a delivery platform for in vivo genetic engineering in immunocompetent mice. We successfully applied SPIT to genetically modify multiple organs and tissue stem cells in vivo including the liver, spleen, intestines, peripheral blood, and bone marrow. We anticipate that by harnessing the large packaging capacity of a human cell's nucleus, the ability of human cells to engraft into patients' long term and the capacity of human cells for complex genetic programming, that SPIT will become a paradigm shifting approach for in vivo genetic engineering.

Pengaruh Harga dan Ukuran Kemasan Terhadap Minat Beli Konsumen Pada Produk Es Teh Solo Jumbo

The competition in the beverage business is getting tighter along with the increasing activity of the population. One of the successful beverage products on the market is EsTeh Solo Jumbo. This iced tea is usually sold at an affordable price, which is around Rp3,000 to Rp4,000 per glass. In addition to its affordable price, Es Teh Solo also has a fairly large packaging size, so it is expected to be able to attract consumer interest. This study examines the effect of price and packaging size on consumer interest in Es Teh Solo beverage products. The research population consists of 40 people, all genders, who have purchased Es Teh Solo products. The data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to 40 Muslim students in Banten. Based on the research, consumer interest in Es Teh Solo has a positive and significant impact on price and packaging size.

Recommendations for the development of sterility testing procedures for biological medicinal products based on pharmacopoeial methods

INTRODUCTION. The distinctive nature and composition of biological medicinal products present certain challenges for the detection of microbial contamination, which affects the reliability of sterility control results. The main challenges associated with testing biologicals include changes in the appearance and physical properties of culture media or samples, an increased risk of contamination or false-positive results in direct inoculation tests, filtration issues, etc. When drafting product specification files and analytical method validation reports in dossiers for biologicals, manufacturers need adequate, reproducible, and pharmacopoeia-based sterility testing procedures for specific medicinal products, including live and inactivated, viral and bacterial, single- and multi-component vaccines, bacteriophages and interferons, sera and immunoglobulins. These challenges can be addressed through providing recommendations for developing analytical procedures based on compendial methods of direct inoculation and membrane filtration.AIM. This study aimed to offer key recommendations for the development of sterility testing procedures for biologicals based on pharmacopoeial methods.DISCUSSION. This article presents a retrospective analysis of the results of reviewing regulatory documentation for biological medicinal products submitted to the testing centre of the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products in 2021–2023. Having considered major issues with the analytical procedures described in the Sterility section of regulatory submissions, the authors offer the following recommendations for addressing these issues. The authors advise against using low-pH Sabouraud culture media to test blood products by direct inoculation. Biologicals containing mercury preservatives should be tested using a thioglycollate medium at two temperature settings. When testing various biologicals, analysts should refrain from plugging vials with cotton gauze. Instead, they should pour culture media into glass vials with rubber stoppers and crimps. Biologicals in large primary packaging (≥10 mL) should be tested by membrane filtration. Membrane filtration tests for biologicals should use solvents and rinsing agents selected in validation studies. It is also recommended to set the maximum volume of a biological medicinal product that can be filtered through a membrane filter. A reduction in the filtration speed is recommended to minimise foaming when testing blood products.CONCLUSION. The recommendations presented in this article can guide the development of sterility testing procedures for inclusion in the relevant section of regulatory submissions for biologicals. Manufacturers, control laboratories, and regulatory authorities may implement these recommendations to harmonise their approach to sterility testing of biologicals.

Reliable Solder Columns to Replace Solder Balls in Large 2.5D Heterogeneous Packages

Solder balls are well suited for interconnecting normal sized ball grid array (BGA) components to printed circuit boards (PCB). However, solder balls are prone to cracking (failure) caused by excessive stresses inherently found in advanced packaging such as large-sized heterogeneous 2.5D packages where multiple dies are placed side-by-side. The growth trend is to make larger and larger BGA processors exceeding 60x60mm in size for AI and data centers. A plethora of new processor substrate and interposer designs are coming on line such as Chip-on-Wafer-on-Substrates (CoWoS). For that reason, more instances of solder ball delamination and cracking on large-sized BGA packages are probable. Solder columns were produced more than 50 years ago to reduce cracking in large ceramic packages, especially for use in harsh environments found in aerospace and defense applications. However, such legacy solder column technology is limited to Tin-Lead (SnPb) alloys. The challenge is to make Lead Free solder columns that satisfy demand for RoHS compliance, while still providing adequate stress relief (compliancy) for extending the operational life of large sized heterogeneous 2.5D processors for mission critical applications. This paper describes our ongoing work to innovate non-collapsible, compliant Lead-Free Braided Copper Solder Columns to reduce strain caused by the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) mismatch between large BGA packages and FR4 PCBs. A braid, consisting of 16 fine copper alloy wires, serves as an exoskeleton sleeve around a solder column to provide mechanical support as well as compliancy. This novel solder column technology supports market trends to scale up the size of chip packaging while maintaining reliability. Our focus was to quickly characterize Lead-Free solder column core materials and braiding alloys by employing “Fail-Fast” destructive accelerated mechanical bend testing in our lab. Since there is an ongoing interest in Tin-Lead alloys, this paper also discusses data on Tin-Lead alloys for comparative purposes.

Automotive Grade WLCSP for Radar Applications

Wafer-Level Chip Scale Packages (WLCSPs) are becoming commonplace in the industry due to their small form factor. Applications include industrial and automotive which demand high reliability performance. Additionally, WLCSPs may be superior in some implementations to other package options for RF performance in the mmWave spectrum, which is desired for automotive radar application. In this study the industry’s first auto grade 1 capable large WLCSP package. (~ 72 mm2 body size, 18x15 BGA array, 0.5 mm pitch) will be presented. It will be demonstrated how extensive design enhancements, predictive simulations, careful package materials and process selection and assembly process optimization studies are required to develop a robust package solution. Multiple assembly process experiments and corner studies were conducted to demonstrate robustness of WLCSP package solution to meet automotive grade quality and reliability requirements. Both component/unit level and board level reliability was evaluated as per AECQ100 standards. Robustness margins were confirmed through reliability testing performed up to 2-3x reliability requirements.

Proton Pump Inhibitors in Germany: Status Quo of a Growing Market.

The volume of prescriptions for proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) remains high, although the literature increasingly points to excessive prescribing in relation to guideline recommendations. No very recent data is available on the specific situation in Germany, particularly on the proportion of PPI consumption from over-the-counter (OTC) sales and self-selection, following PPI down-scheduling. The aim of this study was to determine the actual amount of prescribed and OTC PPIs in Germany. For this retrospective study, several IQVIA databases were used, representing all prescriptions billed to statutory and private health insurers in Germany, as well as OTC sales. Analyses were performed for the period November 2020 to October 2021 or partially November 2018 to October 2021 and were descriptive in nature. Mainly, data were collected from IQVIATM PharmaScope National® as well as IQVIA TM DPM® databases. A total of 2.87 billion PPI tablets were shown to have been sold between November 2020 and October 2021, with most drugs prescribed in the largest packages and strengths. In addition, the OTC PPI market increased by an average of 14% per year over a 3-year period. The results of this study suggest the substantial size of the PPI market in Germany is based on prescriptions, a consistent increase in OTC PPI purchases and a recent increase in prescriptions.

The Influence of Vertical Seismic Acceleration on the Triggering of Landslides Constrained by Bedding Faults under an Inertial Frame Reference: The Case of the Daguangbao (DGB) Landslide

The Daguangbao (DGB) landslide was the largest landslide that was triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake with a magnitude of Ms8.0. The sliding surface of this landslide was constrained on a bedding fault 400 m below the ground surface. Seismic records show that the landslide suffered not only from strong horizontal but also vertical ground shaking that was almost equal to the horizontal component. In this study, to reveal the landslide triggering mechanism of the DGB landslide, this study ignores the steep dipping tension fracture section and the leading edge-locking section of the trailing edge of the DGB landslide, and the geological model of the large optical package landslide is generalized into a block model with the bottom controlled slip soft zone as the interface. Based on the improved Newmark method that considers vertical ground motion, the three-way seismic acceleration data and the shear strength parameter of the sliding surface being taken as a variable are used to calculate the cumulative permanent displacement of the slider. Then, by considering the cumulative permanent displacement ratio of vertical seismic acceleration or not and the cumulative permanent displacement ratio value considering the inertial force as the index, the response characteristics of the cumulative permanent displacement of the block-to-vertical ground motion and inertial forces were analyzed. The results show that both the horizontal inertial force and the vertical acceleration significantly increased the permanent displacement. The permanent displacement is 4.9 cm when considering the vertical acceleration, whereas it is only 2.0 cm without taking this into account. The contribution of vertical acceleration is significantly enlarged (87.8–90.7%) by the decreasing of the internal friction angle of the slide surface, while it is less influenced (5–27.4%) by the cohesion. Compared with the lower shear strength parameter of the sliding surface, the contributions of vertical acceleration and inertial force to the permanent displacement are more obvious when the shear strength parameter of the sliding surface is higher. When ϕ &gt; 18°, the D/D* is greater than 1, and the maximum D/D* reaches 7. The fast accumulation event of permanent displacement is triggered in the concentration stage of the seismic energy release. In the DGB landslide area, 50% of the energy is released within 30–50 s, as indicated by the acceleration peaks recorded at the nearest seismic station, Qingping station. It is assumed that the DGB landslide may be triggered at 30–50 s due to half of the seismic energy being released during that time span.

Squaring Off with M-Series Fan-Out Technology

Currently running at volumes in the millions of units per day on 300mm round format, Deca’s M-Series™ fan-out PLP technology and Adaptive Patterning® are being scaled up at ASE to 600 mm for production. The SEMI standard 600 mm square format pioneered by Deca, provides a 500% increase in usable area per panel providing cost-effective capacity growth as well as a powerful platform for high density integration of multi-die and chiplets in 2D, 2.5D and 3D structures. Deca’s patented Adaptive Patterning® coupled with chip attach compensation modeling overcomes the yield challenges associated with scaling to 600 mm and mitigates the compounding risk associated with the growing number of dies in a package, which is of particular importance for chiplet designs. The use of Laser Direct Imaging (LDI) overcomes the need for reticle stitching and eliminates this barrier for large package body sizes. In addition, 600mm allows for higher efficiency in terms of package count per format area over 300mm round, leading to less waste, thus a lower cost and a more environmentally friendly process. Recent advancements in LDI have allowed the potential to scale the technology to ultra-high density 2µm line &amp; space redistribution layers (RDL) and 5μm vias. Advancement in Adaptive Patterning have led to multi-die packaging solutions without the need for complicated embedded bridge chips. With these ultra-high-density tools at hand, a breakthrough in device interface pitch of 20µm area array for leading edge silicon nodes will be outlined.

Whether CEO are Paid Large Compensation Packages? —— Empirical Evidence from Listed Companies in China

Whether CEO are Paid Large Compensation Packages? —— Empirical Evidence from Listed Companies in China

Exploring the Potential of Cytomegalovirus-Based Vectors: A Review.

Viral vectors have emerged as powerful tools for delivering and expressing foreign genes, playing a pivotal role in gene therapy. Among these vectors, cytomegalovirus (CMV) stands out as a promising viral vector due to its distinctive attributes including large packaging capacity, ability to achieve superinfection, broad host range, capacity to induce CD8+ T cell responses, lack of integration into the host genome, and other qualities that make it an appealing vector candidate. Engineered attenuated CMV strains such as Towne and AD169 that have a ~15 kb genomic DNA deletion caused by virus passage guarantee human safety. CMV's large genome enables the efficient incorporation of substantial foreign genes as demonstrated by CMV vector-based therapies for SIV, tuberculosis, cancer, malaria, aging, COVID-19, and more. CMV is capable of reinfecting hosts regardless of prior infection or immunity, making it highly suitable for multiple vector administrations. In addition to its broad cellular tropism and sustained high-level gene expression, CMV triggers robust, virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses, offering a significant advantage as a vaccine vector. To date, successful development and testing of murine CMV (MCMV) and rhesus CMV (RhCMV) vectors in animal models have demonstrated the efficacy of CMV-based vectors. These investigations have explored the potential of CMV vectors for vaccines against HIV, cancer, tuberculosis, malaria, and other infectious pathogens, as well as for other gene therapy applications. Moreover, the generation of single-cycle replication CMV vectors, produced by deleting essential genes, ensures robust safety in an immunocompromised population. The results of these studies emphasize CMV's effectiveness as a gene delivery vehicle and shed light on the future applications of a CMV vector. While challenges such as production complexities and storage limitations need to be addressed, ongoing efforts to bridge the gap between animal models and human translation continue to fuel the optimism surrounding CMV-based vectors. This review will outline the properties of CMV vectors and discuss their future applications as well as possible limitations.

A Bayesian approach for measuring nuclear material in radioactive waste using photofission

Photofission provides a mean for measuring nuclear material in large and dense radioactive waste packages. High-energy interrogating bremsstrahlung photons produced by a LINAC are indeed able to induce fissions in the depth of the waste matrix. In addition, a scintillation detector can detect high-energy delayed gamma rays that are able to escape the waste package. Scintillation detectors also allow performing measurements during photon irradiation, between LINAC pulses, to measure delayed gamma rays from short-lived fission products. Photofission measurement with a LaBr3 scintillation detector can help determining, in a Bayesian frame, the mass and position of actinides in radioactive waste packages. In addition to counting statistics, the model takes into account photofission yields and waste matrix density uncertainties. The model performances are numerically illustrated in the case of a 235 g238U lump placed inside a 50 cm radius drum homogeneously filled with 2.35 g/cm3 density concrete. In the most unfavourable angular position, with 32 drum rotations, when the 238U radial position is 10% and 90% of the waste drum radius, the expected relative uncertainty on the 238U mass is respectively 32% and 45%. The 238U angular position uncertainty is 10 mrad and its radial position can be determined with an expected uncertainty of 2 cm and 3 cm, when the 238U is respectively placed at 10% and 90% of the waste drum radius.

The Open-Source DeLiBA2 Hardware/Software Framework for Distributed Storage Accelerators

With the trend towards ever larger “big data” applications, many of the gains achievable by using specialized compute accelerators become diminished due to the growing I/O overheads. While there have been several research efforts into computational storage and FPGA implementations of the NVMe interface, to our knowledge there have been only very limited efforts to move larger parts of the Linux block I/O stack into FPGA-based hardware accelerators. Our hardware/software framework DeLiBA initially addressed this deficiency by allowing high-productivity development of software components of the I/O stack in user instead of kernel space and leverages a proven FPGA SoC framework to quickly compose and deploy the actual FPGA-based I/O accelerators. In its initial form, it achieves 10% higher throughput and up to 2.3× the I/Os per second (IOPS) for a proof-of-concept Ceph accelerator running in a real multi-node Ceph cluster. In DeLiBA2, we have extended the framework further to better support distributed storage systems, specifically by directly integrating the block I/O accelerators with a hardware-accelerated network stack, as well as by accelerating more storage functions. With these improvements, performance grows significantly: The cluster-level speed-ups now reach up to 2.8× for both throughput and IOPS relative to Ceph in software in synthetic benchmarks, and achieve end-to-end wall clock speed-ups of 20% for the real workload of building a large software package.

Attractiveness of Fissile Material in Nuclear Wastes from Different Fuel Cycles

Nuclear fuel cycle advancements will result in new types of fissile material, including nuclear wastes, that require security and safeguards. Nuclear wastes may be more vulnerable for diversion by non-state actors, and chemical processing to recover fissile material is not an insurmountable challenge. Previous work has applied a figure of merit (FOM) to assess material attractiveness and security risks. This analysis applies the material attractiveness FOM to wastes produced by fuel cycles from the Fuel Cycle Evaluation and Screening (FCES) study. Two aspects of security risk are studied: (1) the time before the fissile material in the waste becomes attractive and (2) the number of waste packages required to obtain a critical mass of fissile material. Two fuel cycles are presented to highlight detailed results: (1) once-through use of low-enriched U in light water reactors (LWRs) and (2) continuous recycle of Pu in sodium fast reactors (SFRs). Increasing LWR used nuclear fuel (UNF) package loading increases the time to attractiveness, but the larger packages contain enough Pu for multiple critical masses. The high-level waste (HLW) from processing the SFR fuels has similar FOM behavior but longer time to attractiveness due to the concentration of fission products. More HLW packages are required to obtain a critical mass; that number can be further increased by increasing the separation efficiency. Extended to all FCES fuel cycles, the minimum time before attractiveness is generally lower for UNF than for HLW because radioactivity is concentrated in HLW. For nearly all fuel cycles that produce UNF, only one package is required to recover enough fissile material for a critical mass. Notably, some advanced fuel cycles produce HLW, of which only two packages need to be recovered to obtain a critical mass, even when the target fissile material is recycled. Going forward, an assessment of the security risks posed by fissile material in nuclear wastes will need to quantify the challenge posed by separations. Ultimately, the assessment could inform security and response measures; whether any of the observations might affect these measures could be an area for future work. Finally, future analysis could study whether different fuel cycle wastes are more attractive for use in radiological dispersal devices or radiological exposure devices.

Does Executive Compensation Matter for the Risk of the Firm? Evidence from Non-financial Sectors of Pakistan

Large remuneration packages, according to critics, allegedly pushed managers to take on excessive risks, which in turn contributed to the bankruptcy. This study looked into how executive compensation affected the company's overall systematic risk. This study examined data from 170 non-financial enterprises registered on the Pakistan Stock Exchange for the years 2011 to 2020 to investigate the concern variables. For empirical purposes, this study used the OLS technique. The study's findings show a significant relationship between the explanatory and dependent variables. This finding implies that executives take greater risks to increase shareholder returns when they are paid more. This claim is supported by research control variables, including firm size and return on assets. Since firm size and return on assets significantly and favorably affect the firm's risk. TobinQ, annual holding return, and firm age have a negative impact on the systemic risk of the company as compared to the control variables. The findings of the study suggest that large compensation packages motivate executives to take more risks. Investors and policymakers can utilize this study's findings for decision-making.

Routes to Regional Transit Governance: Researching the Histories of and Cataloguing the Methods Used to Establish German Verkehrsverbünde

Regional transit governance has become a topic of growing interest in some transit policy circles in the United States. There is hope that the quality of transit service can be improved by creating governance structures that transcend municipal and county borders to oversee and coordinate transit provision over entire regions. Although several studies have recorded the benefits of such governance systems and several others have explored different models, few have investigated the methods by which these structures were created. This is crucial information, as establishing such governance structures is a delicate political process with no guarantee of success. Through interviews with planners in Germany, this study investigated six German regional transit governance bodies and searched for strategic components that were instrumental to the creation of at least one regional governance structure. Five were ultimately found, which can be mixed and matched for use in strategies in regions seeking to establish regional transit governance of their own. The five strategic components found were bilateral negotiations, state intervention, large infrastructure packages, political moments, and strong leadership. Further case study research is needed to reinforce and expand this set of strategic components.

Method for deriving twisting process parameters of large package E-glass yarn by measuring physical properties of bobbin yarn

Abstract Twisting is an important part in the production process of large package E-glass yarn. To derive the twisting process parameters of large package E-glass yarn, a method from the physical properties of bobbin yarn is proposed based on the study of the twisting principle of E-glass yarn. After unwinding the bobbin yarn and measuring its twist, loop pitch, and corresponding diameter, the calculation is completed according to the steps of first determining the descending speed of the traveler, then fitting the spindle speed data, and finally calculating the elevating speed of the traveler. The result is that the twisting spindle speed of D450 E-glass yarn with 31.8 T/m decreases from 5,015 to 4,550 rpm, the elevating speed of the traveler is 0.91 m/min, and the descending speed of the traveler is 1.50 m/min. The accuracy of the calculation is verified by monitoring the rotating speed of the roving cake and measuring the loop pitch of bobbin yarn in the twisting experiment. The result shows that the prediction error of this method is less than 1.1%, which can effectively derive the twisting process parameters of large package E-glass yarn, and provide a reference for the twisting process design scheme of glass fiber strand manufacturers.

Introducción al machine learning en Senología

Machine Learning or Statistical Learning is a concept belonging to the field of Computer Science that refers to the ability of machines to build mathematical models with high predictive efficiency from large data packages through a series of tools based on Statistics, Algorithmics and recursion, and to improve them as new information is incorporated.Although in the field of breast disorders there are already various projects mainly oriented to the interpretation of images in both Radiology and Pathology, the systematic use of this technology as a source of acquiring new knowledge is still exceptional, particularly with regard to clinical-therapeutic decision-making. All the specialists involved in the field of breast disorders are obliged to familiarize ourselves with this methodology, in order to properly direct it away from its use for profit, especially when the successes achieved in other social spheres allow us to intuit that its implementation in Medicine can not only be useful but unavoidable.