Large Eddy Simulation Turbulence Model Research Articles

Analysis of Dam Break Wave Using Analytical, Computational Fluid Dynamics, and Experimental Approaches

This research aims to examine the capability of the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method in simulating the behavior of dam break waves. It begins by building a 2D numerical simulation using OpenFOAM. To overcome the influence of turbulence, we employed the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulent model, specifically the k-Equation and Smagorinsky model. The simulation was developed by applying the Navier-Stokes equations using the finite volume method in OpenFOAM. The analysis focuses on the free surface of a dam break. The results are in good accordance with both analytical and experimental results. The simulation has followed the trend of experimental and analytical free surface profiles at the dam break’s early and late conditions. The low mesh number on the computational domain caused significant differences in the wavefront of the dam break. It reduced the accuracy of the calculation between the water and air interface. This study highlights the importance of understanding dam break wave behavior as part of risk mitigation for dam leakage. The behavior of dam break waves can be observed by determining observation positions at different locations, with the water gate of a dam serving as the reference point. These highly accurate numerical results indicate that the CFD approach employing OpenFOAM can be relatively cost-effective yet accurate in analyzing multiphase problems, such as dam breaks. This CFD approach is expected to contribute to developing mitigation and disaster prevention in the future.

Large eddy simulation of cavitating flow around a pitching hydrofoil

This numerical investigation employs advanced computational fluid dynamics techniques to examine the intricate physics of cavitating flows around a pitching NACA 66 hydrofoil. Unsteady simulations are conducted using both large eddy simulation (LES) and K-Omega SST turbulence models. The pitching motions range from 0 to 15°, encompassing four cavitation numbers (3.25, 3.5, 3.75, 4) and a Reynolds number of 750,000. The study comprehensively analyzes various flow field characteristics, including pressure distribution, velocity, vorticity, shear stress, vapor volume fraction, and turbulence kinetic energy. The kinematics of pitching significantly influence hydrodynamic loads and the surrounding flow structures in cavitating conditions. Flow visualizations illustrate the evolution of sheet/cloud cavitation, reentrant jet, and vortex dynamics throughout a pitching cycle. Notable findings demonstrate the impact of cavitation number on cavity shape and the relationship between angle of attack, reentrant jet location, and vortex size. Additionally, negative vorticity dilatation is observed to be correlated with cavity size.

Comparative Analysis of Turbulence Models for Thermal-Hydraulic Simulations in Aqueous Homogeneous Reactors

This article presents a comparative study of various turbulence models applied in the context of thermal-hydraulic simulations for liquid fuel reactors, specifically Aqueous Homogeneous Reactors (AHR) using Computational Fluid Dynamics. The objective was to assess the suitability of the turbulence models by comparing their results with data obtained from Large Eddy Simulation (LES). For that purpose, was compared the flow behavior predicted using the k-ε, SST, GEKO, DES, SBES, and LES turbulence models. The calculations were carried out in a simplified computational model derived from a pre-existing three-dimensional AHR conceptual design. By utilizing this simplified model, the study aimed to focus on the computational differences between the turbulence models, while minimizing the influence of other factors. The calculation results revealed that the k-ε model exhibited significant discrepancies with the LES, with relative differences for the fuel solution maximum temperature reaching up to 75 %. Among the remaining RANS models, the Shear Stress Transport (SST) model demonstrated the best compromise between accuracy and computational efficiency, with differences below 5 % and requiring only 1/5th of the time, compared to the LES model. The Scale-Resolving Simulation (SRS) models,DES and SBES, provided a more comprehensive description of flow behavior and results closer to LES, albeit with higher computational demands. Between these two models, only the DES model exhibited relative differences below or equal to 1 % compared to the LES model for the studied thermohydraulic parameters.

CFD assessment of RANS turbulence modeling for solidification in internal flows against experiments and higher fidelity LBM-LES phase change model

Generation-IV nuclear reactors’ potential coolant candidates include molten salts and liquid metals. Owing to their high melting temperature, both the design and safety assessments of these reactors need to take into consideration potential solidification events during normal or abnormal operation. This work assesses the Finite Volume Computational Fluid Dynamics (FV-CFD) enthalpy-porosity method combined with the Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) model k−ω to model internal solidification under turbulent flow conditions for high and low Prandtl numbers at a moderate computational cost, which is required for full-core nuclear reactor analyses. Concerning high Prandtl numbers, the predictions of macroscopic quantities generated by the FV-CFD RANS model are contrasted against a well-known internal solidification experiment on water (Thomason et al., 1978). A key factor in the satisfactory agreement between the CFD RANS model and the experiment is the addition of an interface turbulence-damping source to the specific dissipation rate equation (ω). For the low Prandtl numbers involved in liquid metals, there is a lack of high-fidelity experiments due to the complicated measurements. Thus, to perform the FV-CFD RANS model assessment, we develop and validate a high-fidelity phase-change model based on the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) with a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence model. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first attempt to integrate LES turbulence models with phase-change solidification in the LBM context. Considering the computational time advantage of the FV-CFD RANS model over higher fidelity models and the good agreement of its predictions against experiments and the LES model demonstrated, this work demonstrates that FV-CFD RANS is an attractive tool to model internal turbulent solidification.

Simulating Stirred Tank Reactor Characteristics with a Lattice Boltzmann CFD Code

AbstractAlthough mixing in stirred tanks is common in the chemical and process industry, it is complex and not fully understood. In recent years, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations with large eddy simulation turbulence models have become an important modeling tool. In this study, its current state for applicability to stirred tanks was evaluated. First, the power characteristics of different impellers were simulated and compared with experimental data. Second, Rushton and pitched blade turbines were validated in terms of the local velocity components, dissipation rates, and the trailing vortex. Finally, mixing times for different viscosity ratios were obtained from the CFD results and compared with a literature study. Hydrodynamics can be well predicted. However, mixing times for viscosity ratios larger than 1:100 are error‐prone.

Quantitative evaluation on thermal seeing induced 2m ring solar telescope.

Thermal seeing is one of the factors that affect solar telescope observations. A comprehensive analysis method is developed to quantify the thermal seeing effects. A three-dimensional Large Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence model is used to obtain the transient flow fields around the primary mirror, the secondary mirror and the heat-stop. The thermal seeing is calculated based on the stochastic dynamic influence of turbulence on the light rays. The key parameters of the simulation were calibrated by experiments, and the simulation results were validated by empirical formulas. This method has been applied to evaluate the thermal seeing of the 2m Ring Solar Telescope (2m-RST). Error allocation is performed based on the research results to ensure the Observation effect of 2m-RST.

Forced-motion simulations of vortex-induced vibrations of wind turbine blades – a study of sensitivities

Abstract. Vortex-induced vibrations on wind turbine blades are a complex phenomenon not predictable by standard engineering models. For this reason, higher-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods are needed. However, the term CFD covers a broad range of fidelities, and this study investigates which choices have to be made when wanting to capture the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) phenomenon to a satisfying degree. The method studied is the so-called forced-motion (FM) approach, where the structural motion is imposed on the CFD blade surface through mode shape assumptions rather than fully coupled two-way fluid–structure interaction. In the study, two independent CFD solvers, EllipSys3D and Ansys CFX, are used and five different turbulence models of varying fidelities are tested. Varying flow scenarios are studied with low to high inclination angles, which determine the component of the flow in the spanwise direction. In all scenarios, the cross-sectional component of the flow is close to perpendicular to the chord of the blade. It is found that the low-inclination-angle and high-inclination-angle scenarios, despite having a difference equivalent to up to only a 30∘ azimuth, have quite different requirements of both grid resolution and turbulence models. For high inclination angles, where the flow has a large spanwise component from the tip towards the root, satisfying results are found from quite affordable grid sizes, and even with unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) k–ω turbulence, the result is quite consistent with models resolving more of the turbulent scales. For low inclination, which has a high degree of natural vortex shedding, the picture is the opposite. Here, even for scale-resolving turbulence models, a much finer grid resolution is needed. This allows us to capture the many incoherent vortices, which have a large impact on the coherent vortices, which in turn inject power into the blade or extract power. It is found that a good consistency is seen using different variations of the higher-fidelity hybrid RANS–large eddy simulation (LES) turbulence models, like improved delayed detached eddy simulation (IDDES), stress-blended eddy simulation (SBES) and k–ω scale-adaptive simulation (SAS) models, which agree well for various flow conditions and imposed amplitudes. This study shows that extensive care and consideration are needed when modeling 3D VIVs using CFD, as the flow phenomena, and thereby solver requirements, rapidly change for different scenarios.

Numerical Simulation of Two-Dimensional Turbulent Dilatable Flows in a Fire

Numerical simulations, based on the theories of computational fluid dynamics and combustion, are currently a powerful tool in the field of fire engineering. Field models allow us to analyze key aspects such as the integrity of buildings and safety. However, it is fundamental to define strategies that allow engineers to obtain a balance between the precision of the results and the computational cost. One of the most relevant sub-models is the turbulence model. This paper presents the research carried out in the field of two-dimensional computational simulations of turbulent dilatable flows to evaluate the behavior of diffusion flames, hot gases, and smoke produced in accidental fires. Several computational simulations have been performed using direct numerical simulations and large eddy simulation turbulence models in the two-dimensional field, analyzing the ability of the models to correctly characterize the transport of hot gases and the behavior of the thermal plumes if the grid resolution is adequate to the physics of the problem. Additionally, several three-dimensional models have been developed to contrast and validate the results obtained in the two-dimensional simulations. In order to validate the capacity to develop a qualitative analysis of two-dimensional models in fire engineering, an evaluation criterion is presented based on the frequency spectral analysis to study the capacity of each type of turbulence model to accurately capture the vorticity of these dilatable flows.

Effect of turbulence and viscosity models on wall shear stress derived biomarkers for aorta simulations

Ascending aorta simulations provide insight into patient-specific hemodynamic conditions. Numerous studies have assessed fluid biomarkers which show a potential to aid clinicians in the diagnosis process. Unfortunately, there exists a large disparity in the computational methodology used to model turbulence and viscosity. Recognizing this disparity, some authors focused on analysing the influence of either the turbulence or viscosity models on the biomarkers in order to quantify the importance of these model choices. However, no analysis has yet been done on their combined effect. In order to fully understand and quantify the effect of the computational methodology, an assessment of the combined effect of turbulence and viscosity model choice was performed. Our results show that (1) non-Newtonian viscosity has greater impact (2.9–5.0%) on wall shear stress than Large Eddy Simulation turbulence modelling (0.1–1.4%), (2) the contribution of non-Newtonian viscosity is amplified when combined with a subgrid-scale turbulence model, (3) wall shear stress is underestimated when considering Newtonian viscosity by 2.9–5.0% and (4) cycle-to-cycle variability can impact the results as much as the numerical model if insufficient cycles are performed. These results demonstrate that, when assessing the effect of computational methodologies, the resultant combined effect of the different modelling assumptions differs from the aggregated effect of the isolated modifications. Accurate aortic flow modelling requires non-Newtonian viscosity and Large Eddy Simulation turbulence modelling.

Numerical prediction of fire dynamics and the safety zone in large‐scale multiple pool fire in a dike using flamelet model

AbstractThis research aims to develop a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology for estimating the safety zone around a dike with multiple pool fire (MPF). This study predicts the safety zone and burning characteristics of heptane MPF inside a square dike in calm wind and worst‐case crosswind situations using unsteady simulations. The heptane MPF is modelled using flamelet approach with large eddy simulation (LES) turbulence model incorporating the soot generation. Discrete ordinates and Moss–Brookes model estimate the effect of participating medium radiation on prediction of safety distance and soot production. The discretization is incorporated using an isotropic trimmed cell mesher with local refinement to resolve the flame characteristics in Simcenter STAR CCM+. An extensive grid‐independence study has been executed to find the optimal mesh. The flame temperature and O2 and CO2 mass fraction predictions in calm wind conditions are in good agreement with the experimental findings of Koseki and Yumoto and the maximum flame temperature predictions are within 2.8% error. The safety zone is predicted using the estimated radiative heat flux. The effect of different ordinate sets (angular discretization S4, S6, and S12) approach on safety distance prediction is investigated. The validated grid independent CFD model combined with flamelet generated manifold model and LES turbulence model is proposed to predict the safety zone for industrial MPF in crosswind scenarios, thereby preventing human fatalities and property loss.

Experimental and numerical study on unsteady entrainment behaviour of ventilated air mass in underwater vehicles

The hydrodynamic characteristics of underwater vehicles are significantly affected by the ventilated cavity covered by the vehicle surface. In this paper, the unsteady flow characteristics of this ventilated cavity are studied using experimental and numerical methods, and the unsteady entrainment behaviour of the ventilated air mass is emphasised. The flow pattern of the ventilated air mass is recorded using a high-speed camera. The large eddy simulation turbulence model is employed for the numerical simulations, and a good agreement is observed between the experimental and numerical results. In the early stage of the formation of the ventilated air mass, the internal structure exhibits a symmetric kidney vortex system, while the ventilated cavity below the vent hole has a continuous hairpin vortex structure. The ventilated air mass experiences a growth stage, an entrainment stage, and a shedding stage. The entrainment behaviour enables the ventilated air mass to quickly fill the ventilated cavity and modifies the surface pressure distribution of the vehicle. As the cavitation number decreases, the radial size of the ventilated cavity increases, and the contact area between the cavity and the water body increases, thus enhancing the vertical drag coefficient of the vehicle.

CFD Modeling of Primary Breakup in an EIGA Atomizer for Titanium Alloy Powder Production.

Electrode induction melting gas atomization (EIGA) technology is a commonly used and effective method for producing spherical metal powders in additive manufacturing. In this paper, we aim to describe the atomization and fragmentation of liquid sheets from a typical swirl nozzle and highlight the primary breakup of titanium alloy powder production. We developed a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach to simulate the primary disintegration process of the molten metal using the volume of fluid (VOF) method coupled with the large eddy simulation turbulence model (LES). Our numerical results show that high-speed spraying creates supersonic airflow in the atomization chamber. Recirculation is the main area where primary atomization occurs. The formation of the recirculation zone is the direct driving force that allows atomization to proceed, which will increase turbulence intensity and achieve higher atomization efficiency. VOF-LES simulation can capture some qualitative results such as conical melt-sheet shape, wave formation, ligament formation, and perforation formation. The primary droplet size mainly ranges between 200 and 800 μm. Finally, with increasing gas pressure, the particle size of the atomized powder gradually decreases, and the particle size distribution becomes narrower.

Airflow Field and Shelter Effect Around Flexible Plants Using Fluid‐Structure Interaction (FSI)‐Large‐Eddy‐Simulation (LES) Simulations

AbstractVegetative windbreaks have a significant advantage in regulating microclimates and improving soil conditions. Some studies highlight the importance of turbulence and plant flexibility, but few has investigated the relationship between flexibility and the shelter effect of windbreaks. Therefore, we perform a series of 3D fluid‐structure interaction (FSI)‐large‐eddy‐simulation (LES) simulations to study the airflow passing through flexible single‐plant windbreaks. We first model the plants with branches according to their geometric features in the field, present a FSI solver to strongly couple the airflow velocity field and windbreak vibration, and then use a LES turbulent model to resolve the turbulent flows. Based on the simulations, the airflow fields around the plants (Plant #1 and Plant #2) with different flexibilities, evaluated by Young's modulus, were analyzed and compared. Afterward, the shelter effect of flexible plants is analyzed based on three indices, including turbulence intensity, surface shear stress and plant swing displacement. The peak turbulence intensity of the three plants follows the order Plant #1 > Plant #2 > rigid plant. Regardless of wind speed, the surface shear stress around the plants follows the order Plant #1 < Plant #2 < rigid plant. The swing displacement increases as the velocity and flexibility increase. It is concluded that the flexible plant has a better shelter effect than the rigid plant, and within a certain range, the stronger the flexibility of the plant is, the better its shelter effect. This study not only investigates the interaction mechanism between flexible plants and airflow, but also provides a theoretical reference for the application of flexible plants in wind protection engineering.

Design and Numerical Simulation of the Performance of Acoustic Plenum Chamber of a Marine Gas Turbine Air Supply System

In the present work, an approach to obtain a design method for the size of the plenum chamber cross-section of a marine gas turbine air supply system has been investigated. Flow in ducts makes noise which is very high in the turbine inlet part because of the large amount of flow. Therefore, this phenomenon should be considered in the design process. A suitable approach to design the duct is proposed (considering acoustic and aerodynamic performance at the same time). In this method, an air supply channel system of the marine gas turbine has been categorized into three sections according to the requirements of the aerodynamic and acoustic; inlet, plenum chamber, and outlet channels with circular cross-sections. The geometrical dimensions of inlet and outlet channels have been determined using the plane waves theory about a channel, in which the effects of flow is ignored. Space limitations of battleships at the dominant frequency have been considered. Then, the optimized size of the mid-channel section, in terms of both aerodynamic and acoustic requirements, using numerical methods and regarding the effects of flow has been calculated. Various 3D turbulent flows inside the plenum chamber have been considered, in which large eddy simulation turbulence model is utilized. Ffowcs, Williams and Hawkings models are used for the sound propagation process based on the Lighthill integral equation. The validity of the simulation has been checked by comparing results (sound pressure level) with experimental data obtained from a chamber. The comparison revealed the acceptable errors for a variety of frequencies. The results disclosed that the performance of channel system aerodynamic decreased when the fraction of plenum chamber cross-section to inlet/outlet channel cross-section increased. With an increase in the cross-section size at first Acoustic performance is improved and then worsen. Six different cases of marine gas turbine air supply system configurations have been presented, in which the limitation of the battleship space is considered. Examining and comparing the acoustic performance of different cases of the air supply channel system, it was found that the amount of sound pressure level, around the air supply channel system, and the high-pressure sound area can move along the air supply channel system. Additionally, deviations from plane waves considering the effects of flow have been inspected in all cases. The reason for this deviation is the effects of the airflow through the channel system and quadrupole sources in the production of sound in the channel system, which causes higher modes.

Numerical Investigation of Combustion Mechanism with Multi-Position Injection in a Dual-Mode Combustor

To improve the flame propagation, combustion stability, and uniformity of the temperature field, multi-position injection is applied in a dual-mode combustor by controlling heat release in different locations. Using the chemical reaction of the finite rate combustion model and the detailed reaction mechanism of hydrogen combustion as described by Jachimowski, the influence of different multi-position injection patterns in a dual-mode combustor is analyzed. The one-equation Large Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence model was chosen to define the sublattice turbulent viscous terms in a three-dimensional scramjet model. Based on a combustion chamber, the effect of the injection equivalent ratio (0.35–0.70), the relative position of the nozzle holes, and the injection pressure on the combustion process and flow field characteristics are analyzed with multi-position injection. The combustion efficiency, total pressure recovery coefficients, and pressure distribution under different operation conditions are compared. We observed that the combustion intensity increases and the upstream combustion shock string distance becomes greater with increased equivalent ratios. When the global equivalent ratio of multi-position injection remains unchanged, the arrangement of nozzles with the small injection spacing, i.e., two injection holes arranged face to face on the upper and lower walls, or the setting of multiple injection holes with the same pressure, can effectively increase the stability rate of the combustion flow field. In addition, the combustion efficiency at the outlet and the internal pressure of the combustion chamber in the stable state are also improved, relative to the increased total pressure loss.

Consequence analysis of heptane multiple pool fire in a dike

Multiple Pool Fire (MPF) reasonably enhances the flame height, the rate of fuel combustion and irradiation due to cascading effect and flame merging of multiple pools. The distribution of temperature and radiative heat flux from the source is the key parameter in predicting safety distance. The current study’s major objective is to develop a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model to calculate the safety distance of MPF and validate the predicted results (flame temperature, radiative heat flux, CO2 and O2 mass fraction) with the experimental data. The flame structure and its thermal properties have been evaluated using the Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) and the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) model. The CFD results are found to be in close agreement with the experimental findings. The LES turbulence model predicts more accurately the flame structures and the fluctuations with an error of less than 3%, while the Re-Normalization Group k-ε model predicts the average characteristics. This authenticates the accuracy of computational methodology and robustness of the LES turbulence model to predict MPF flame characteristics. Furthermore, this computational methodology can be utilised by the industries for quantitative risk assessment and the worst-case scenario of various pool fires to save the human and material of the workplace beforehand.

Examination of air flow characteristics over an open rectangular cavity between the plates

Air flow characteristics of an open cavity have been numerically examined by using different turbulence models of Detached Eddy Simulation (DES), k-ε Realizable, k-ω Shear Stress Transport (SST) and Large Eddy Simulation (LES) based on an experimental study of open literature. Numerical results of transient analyses have been compared to experimental results at cavity length-based Reynolds number of Re = 4600. Pressure distributions, streamline patterns, streamwise velocity components, mean velocity values and their vectors have been given in terms of contour graphics. Moreover, velocity profiles have been presented. Pressure fluctuations have been triggered by flow separation and its reattachment. Due to upstream separation of boundary layer, there was curved boundary layer obtained between the outer potential-flow-like and the recirculation zones. As a result, negative velocity values are evidence for rotational flows affected by formation of secondary flows in the cavity. Furthermore, lower pressure region has been observed as a result of rotational flow which was powerful in the open cavity. Numerical results of DES and LES turbulence models are in good agreement with the results of reference study. As the numerical results obtained by LES turbulence model are approximately same with those of experimental reference study, LES turbulence model is mostly recommended. As an option to these turbulence models, k-ω SST model could be utilized for limited computer capacity. However, k-ε Realizable model is not sufficient for capturing rotational flows which are very effective in terms of present case.

Numerical treatments for large eddy simulations of liquid–liquid dispersions via population balance equation

In this work, we employ the two-fluid model under the large eddy simulations (LES) framework to investigate liquid–liquid dispersions in stirred tanks. The population balance equation was solved by the one primary and one secondary particle method, which was proven as identical as one-node quadrature method of moments. First, Aiyer's break-age kernel was investigated for its capability in the context of chemical stirred tank applications [Aiyer et al., “A population balance model for large eddy simulation of polydisperse droplet evolution,” J. Fluid Mech. 878, 700–739 (2019)]. Second, two new methods were proposed to handle the consistency problem and boundedness problem. These numerical problems were shown in our previous studies but had never been discussed in detail. Three test cases were launched, and results showed that our implementation ensures the moments' boundedness. The inconsistency problem was also treated properly. The predicted diameter also agrees well with experiments. Meanwhile, the phase segregation problem as observed in the unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes simulations disappeared when a LES turbulence model was employed.

Hydrodynamic Performance and Acoustic Response of Ship Propeller

The aim of the paper is to predict the hydrodynamic performance and noise generated by the propeller at different advance ratio and the speed of the propeller. Three bladed, DTMB 4119 propeller model was created using the NACA66 modified line, a = 0.8 hydrofoil profile. ANSYS Workbench software is used for mesh generation and computational analysis. A large-eddy simulation turbulence model and Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FWH) acoustic model is used for all simulations. A moving reference frame is used to simulate the rotational effects of the propeller. The speed of the propeller is 792 rpm, the propeller being 0.2 m, and inlet velocity is varied to study the effect of the advance ratio. A transient analysis is carried out using a time step value of 0.0005 seconds and the total simulation time is 0.6 seconds. The hydrodynamic performance parameters are validated by comparing with the experimental data available in the literature. The sound pressure level (SPL) is plotted over the frequency range of 0 to 1000 Hz at different locations, speed, and an advance ratio of 0.5, 0.7, 0.833, and 0.9,1. The structural, acoustic and hydrodynamic behaviour of the propeller was predicted using a two-way fluid structure interaction at an advance ratio of 0.833. The major conclusions drawn from the analysis are that the sound pressure level values are increased at the propeller off-design conditions and varying with the receiver locations. The data generated from this study is useful for the designers to carry out further research in order to reduce the noise generated from the propeller.

Computational and experimental studies of wave–structure interaction: Wave attenuation by a floating breakwater

Interactions between surface gravity waves and a floating rigid body are complex, as waves may reflect from, break on, and be transmitted behind the body. Studies of these phenomena are critically important in improving the safety and functional efficiency of offshore structures. Here, the wave attenuation performance and motions of a type of floating breakwater (FB) are studied through numerical and experimental approaches. A numerical wave tank (NWT) is developed based on the software OpenFOAM and properties of wave channel from a laboratory. In the NWT, the air–water interface is captured by the volume of fluid method. The motions of FB are tracked by the six degrees of freedom model. A mooring system model is developed to simulate the constraints of the FB. Large eddy simulation turbulence modeling is implemented for the wave breaking processes. A model FB with a scale of 1:20 is tested in both the experimental and numerical wave channel. Wave heights at the back/front of the FB and the constraint forces of the mooring wires are measured. The numerical models are validated by comparing the results with experimental measurements. The variations of transmission/reflection coefficients, energy dissipation rate, and maximum mooring force are calculated. Changes of the response amplitude operators with the ratio of FB width to wavelength ( B / L w) and wave steepness are analyzed. The wave transmission coefficient will drop below 0.8 if the value of B / L w is larger than 0.3, but will go over 0.95 if B / L w is less than 0.1. Wave steepness has a large influence on FB motions and the mooring system. The effect of Stokes drift is observed by the shift of position of the FB.