Lanthanum Strontium Manganate Research Articles

Temperature-Dependent Sheet and Contact Resistivity Measurements on Ag and Ag-Ni Circuit Pastes

Here, a van der Pauw method was used to compare the 25-450oC sheet resistivity of Ag-Ni electrical contacts to those made from commercially-available Heraeus C8710 and DAD-87 silver circuit pastes. In addition, a circular transfer length method was used to compare the 25-600oC contact resistivity of Ag-Ni, Heraeus C8710, and DAD-87 on lanthanum strontium manganate (LSM). After 10 hours at 750oC in air, the Ag-Ni sheet resistivity was nearly double that of the commercial Ag pastes. However, after 10 hours at 750oC in air, the Ag-Ni to LSM contact resistivity was between that of Heraeus C8710 and DAD-87. The low Ag-Ni sheet resistivity of ~10-6 ohm-cm, the low Ag-Ni to LSM contact resistivity of ~10-4 ohm-cm2, and the previously-observed >10 times higher adhesion strength of Ag-Ni (compared to Heraeus C8710 or DAD-87) on ceramic substrates, suggests that Ag-Ni may be useful for a variety of high-temperature electronic circuit/current collector applications.

Effects of Multiple Local Environments on Electron Energy Loss Spectra of Epitaxial Perovskite Interfaces.

The role of local chemical environments in the electron energy loss spectra of complex multiferroic oxides was studied using computational and experimental techniques. The evolution of the O K-edge across an interface between bismuth ferrite (BFO) and lanthanum strontium manganate (LSMO) was considered through spectral averaging over crystallographically equivalent positions to capture the periodicity of the local O environments. Computational techniques were used to investigate the contribution of individual atomic environments to the overall spectrum, and the role of doping and strain was considered. Chemical variation, even at the low level, was found to have a major impact on the spectral features, whereas strain only induced a small chemical shift to the edge onset energy. Through a combination of these methods, it was possible to explain experimentally observed effects such as spectral flattening near the interface as the combination of spectral responses from multiple local atomic environments.

Fabrication and characterization of micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cells with yttria stabilized zirconia and Hafnia-Erbia co-doped bismuth oxide bilayer electrolyte

Current solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology relies on YSZ electrolyte material due to its high stability under SOFC operation conditions. However, the ionic conductivity of YSZ decays as the operation temperature decreases to intermediate or low-temperature range.Commercialization of SOFC systems is hindered by the high manufacturing cost, which is directly related to the use of special and expensive system components because of the high operating temperatures of SOFCs. It is possible to use low-cost materials in system production if the operating temperature of SOFCs is reduced below 600 °C.In this study, we investigated the possibility of using 8% mol Yttria stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) and Hafnia-Erbia Co-doped Bismuth Oxide (HEB, ((Er2O3)0.20(Bi2O3)0.80)0.99-(HfO2)0.01) bilayer electrolyte configuration to lower the operating temperatures of SOFC to 600 °C and below. The cell performances at low-temperature region (T < 600 °C) are aimed to be increased with the additional HEB layer by the increased oxygen reduction kinetics on the air electrolyte side.Using a combination of thermoplastic extrusion and dip coating processes, four distinct cell types were created. Cells with monolayer and bilayer electrolyte were generated for each cathode type using two different cathode types, Lanthanum Strontium Manganate (LSM) and LSM-HEB. On the cell performance and operating temperatures, the impacts of electrolyte configuration and cathode type were examined. It was also explored whether the HEB material would be more effective as a second electrolyte or as a composite cathode if it was added to the LSM. Under various cell operating circumstances (different oxygen partial pressure values), several cell parameters such as the ohmic resistance, exchange current density, and anodic and cathodic saturation current densities were derived by fitting the experimentally recorded current density–voltage curves into the polarization model. The polarization resistances were calculated using cell parameters and four different cells were compared with each other. The performances measurements of both cell configurations showed that the peak power density of the bi-layered electrolyte configuration improved by a factor of 1.45 and reached 0.94 W/cm2 at 600 °C, while it was only 0.51 W/cm2 for the monolayered YSZ electrolyte configuration. Additionally, the effect of HEB addition to LSM cathode resulted in a performance increase of %84 compared to the cell with LSM cathode only. The presence of HEB either as a second electrolyte or ionic conductive phase in the composite cathode is lowered activation polarization of the cells both bi- or monolayered electrolyte cells and resulted in increased performance.

Sulfur diffusion of hydrogen sulfide contaminants to cathode in a micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cell

The contamination effect of hydrogen sulfide on micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cells was investigated using various electrochemical techniques. The cells, mechanically supported by cupper tube, were provided by National Metal and Materials Technology Center, and they contain the electrode materials of nickel and yttria stabilized zirconia cermet for anode and lanthanum strontium manganate for cathode. Pure hydrogen and hydrogen gas containing diluted hydrogen sulfide were repeatedly switched for the anode feed at the constant cell voltage of 0.9 V. Exposure times of 30 and 60 min were applied to study the effects of the poisoning interval. Then, the obtained results were analyzed. Herein, we reported two effects that had not been reported previously: the poisoning interval effect on the same hydrogen sulfide dosage and the poisoning sulfur-transport effect to the cathode surface. In the same dosage experiment, the recovery process was required before complete adsorption of sulfur species, and it supported not to fully block active sites of hydrogen adsorption and oxidation, and thus it would expand a cell lifespan on the contamination. In the analysis, different contamination steps between short and long term exposure time were presented, and thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Also, transport of elemental sulfur from the anode to the cathode surface was presented using the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy technique. The results appear to be strong evidence for the transport of sulfur from anode to cathode, and this means that the effect of sulfur diffusion to the cathode should be considered one major reason for performance degradation. This paper provides additional possible reasons regarding the performance degradation on hydrogen sulfide contamination, and serves as a guide to overcome the barrier of the sulfur contamination.

Gas Atmosphere Effects over the Anode Compartment of a Tubular Direct Carbon Fuel Cell Module

The direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC) is an innovative low carbon technology option that has the potential to cause a paradigm shift in the way we generate electrical energy from coal resources. The technology is theoretically 100% efficient at extracting chemical energy of a carbon feedstock, with practically realizable cell efficiencies approaching 80% (cf. <40% in a state-of-the-art coal-fired power station). Since the reaction is the direct electrochemical generation of carbon dioxide, the flue gas has the potential to be pure, sequestration ready carbon dioxide with zero particulates with little to no flue gas treatment required. This study examines the performance of a tubular 8 mol% yttria stabilised zirconia (YSZ) cell using a thermal coal char as the fuel, lanthanum strontium manganate (LSM) as the cathode material and a ternary alkali metal carbonate eutectic as the secondary electrolyte over the temperature range 700-900°C. The performance was compared when varying the gas atmosphere over the anode compartment between CO2 and N2 in separate experiments. It was found that the power density was two-fold as high under CO2 at 860°C. The reason for this is attributed to agitation provided to the fuel from reverse Bouduard gasification. This result implies that the anode performance is limited by mass transport of the carbon fuel to the silver current collector.

In situ ToF-SIMS monitoring of SOFC cathodes – A case study of La0.74Sr0.17Mn1.01O2.9 model electrodes

The modelling of electrode kinetics of solid oxide fuel cells is challenging, as the electrodes can change their composition and microstructure during operation at high temperature. Here we present results from in situ studies, applying time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) to investigate compositional surface changes of lanthanum strontium manganate (LSM) model electrodes. Geometrically well-defined LSM electrodes with the composition La0.74Sr0.17Mn1.01O2.9 were deposited as thin films on yttria stabilised zirconia (YSZ) single crystals by pulsed laser deposition. As counter electrode, a porous platinum electrode was applied on the backside of the solid electrolyte. The electrochemical polarisation experiments were carried out inside the ToF-SIMS analysis chamber at 430°C, and the ToF-SIMS measurements were performed – in contrast to former work – for the first time during electrical polarisation at elevated temperatures. By applying either a cathodic or anodic potential to the LSM cathode, enrichment or depletion of the different metallic constituents on both, the LSM and free YSZ surface, and within the LSM near surface region, were observed. After polarisation, the system relaxes towards the thermodynamic equilibrium state. Already after the first heat treatment, diffusion of manganese and strontium from the LSM electrode onto the free YSZ surface is observed. The concomitant spreading of the three-phase boundary seems to be one reason for electrode activation after polarisation.

LaxSryMnzO3나노로드 성장 및 특성 분석

기계적 강도가 우수한 부분안정화 지르코니아(3 mol% Yttria Partially Stabilized Zirconia) 세라믹스의 정전기 방지를 목적으로 LSM 복합 세라믹을 제조하는 과정에서 소결체 표면에서 란타늄산화물을 주조성으로 하는 나노로드의 성장을 확인하였다. 성장조건에 따라 나노로드의 직경 및 종횡비가 크게 변화하였으며, 광학현미경으로 관찰한 결과 입사광의 집속현상으로 밝게 빛나는 나노로드를 확인하였다. SEM 및 TEM으로 관찰한 결과, La를 주성분으로 하며 Sr, Mn 그리고 Si 등이 미량 첨가된 산화물임을 확인하였고, 이들의 외형으로부터 결정상이 잘 발달된 것을 확인하였다. The lanthanum oxide nano-rods were grown on the surface of 3 mol% Yttria Partially Stabilized Zirconia ceramic composite which containing Lanthanum-Strontium Manganate, <TEX>$La_xSr_yMn_zO_3$</TEX> for the purpose of endorsing the antistatic property. The diameter and the aspect ratio of the nano-rods were greatly changed according to the growing condition. With the optical microscope observation, the nano-rods shining brightly. It was confirmed that the major components of nano-rods is La, and Sr, Mn, Si are minor components by SEM and TEM analyses.

New Hypothesis for SOFC Ceramic Oxygen Electrode Mechanisms

There is a lot of discussion and little agreement about the mechanisms for the oxygen reduction/oxide ion oxidation reaction ceramic electrodes in solid oxide cells, such as perovskite electrodes like the lanthanum strontium manganate – yttria stabilized zirconia composite electrode or mixed ion and electron conducting electrodes like (La1-xSrx)sCoO3- d (LSC). Many mechanisms with similarities such as electron transfer being rate determining and involving surface oxide vacancies have been proposed. Often the proposals were based on studies of oxygen isotope (16O – 18O) exchange at perovskite and fluorite structured metal oxide surfaces, which actually is not an electrically driven process. Even though oxygen exchange - on a non-polarized surface of a ceramic that is not electrically connected to an electrolyte - has electrochemical character, it does not necessarily behave the same way as an electrochemically polarized electrode. Furthermore, most proposed mechanisms assumed that the oxygen electrode reaction took place on a real perovskite surface, but during recent years, it has become generally accepted that perovskites and many other Ruddlesden-Popper phases have a thin (few nanometer) and continuous surface layer of A-site oxides, e.g. SrO and La2O3in the case of the popular mixed conducting LSC. This layer is observed to increasingly impede the kinetics of the reversible oxygen electrode as the AO layer grows thicker. As the electrode reaction does not stop, but just decreases with increasing SrO thickness, we take these literature reports as an indication that the electrode reaction takes place through an AO layer even though the AO bulk phase is both ion and electron insulating. Our hypothesis is that a thin AO layer, like a 1 nm thick SrO layer, is electron and ion conducting due to space charge layers both on the oxygen gas side and on the perovskite side of it. Thus, the SrO layer will probably contain O- and O2 -ions, which act as electron holes, and request oxygen vacancies, which enables the oxide ion conductivity. This otherwise insulating layer then becomes a mixed conductor. We further hypothesize that the actual specific conductivity by oxygen ions as well as by electrons will be very sensitively dependent on the oxygen vacancy concentration in, and the electron Fermi level of, the perovskite layer. Apart from the change in defect chemistry with polarization of the perovskite electrode, the SrO layer will also change stress state because of stoichiometric expansion/contraction of the perovskite due to the change in the perovskite stoichiometry with polarization. Straining of the SrO lattice may also change its conductivity. On this background, another rate limiting process is suggested: O2(gas) + 2 e-(surface) → 2 O-(ads,SrO) fast (1) O-(ads, SrO) + VO(surface) → O-(SrO,subsurface) slow (2) O-(SrO) + e- → O2-(LSC) fast (3) This mechanism is sketched in the Figure. The slow rate determining process of eq. 2 is not limited by slow electron transfer and it is not a simple ion transfer, but rather a kind of diffusion or conduction process through the thin segregated SrO surface layer. This hypothesis seems to be able to qualitatively explain a number of otherwise puzzling observations reported in the literature. This will be explained in the paper together with more details. The Figure shows a much simplified sketch of the proposed mechanism for the (La0.6Sr0.4)0.98CoO3- d oxygen electrode. The electrons may meet the O- - ions inside the SrO layer. VO means oxide vacancies and is not attempting to account for the charge imbalance. Figure 1

Comparative study on structural properties of NiO–GDC nanocomposites fabricated via electrospinning and gel combustion processes

Synthesis and structural properties of nickel oxide-gadolinium doped ceria (GDC) nanocomposite via sol–gel/electrospinning route were investigated for the first time, and the results were compared with those obtained through gel combustion method. Various analytical techniques, such as XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM and BET, were used to characterise the prepared samples. The electrospinning process resulted in the nanocomposite powder with specific surface area of 145·8 m2 g−1, whereas in the case of the gel combustion method, it was about 9·6 m2 g−1. The bulk densities of the nanocomposites prepared via electrospinning and gel combustion methods were found to be 4·08 and 4·8 g cm−3 respectively. Finally, an attempt was made to evaluate the electrochemical properties of the electrolyte supported Ni–GDC/yttria stabilised zirconia (YSZ)/lanthanum strontium manganate (LSM) cell, using the fibre derived material as the anode and hydrogen as the fuel. The results indicated that the maximum power density and the open circuit voltage of the cell were 55 mW cm−2 and 1·2 V at 800°C respectively.

Oxygen Electrode Kinetics and Surface Composition of Dense (La0.75Sr0.25)0.95MnO3 on YSZ

Lanthanum strontium manganate (LSM) micro-electrodes with the nominal composition of (La0.75Sr0.25)0.95MnO3 were deposited on yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ). The diameter varied from 20 – 100 μm and the thickness was kept constant at ca. 0.5 μm. Electrochemical characterization was carried out in situ at temperatures from 660 to 860 °C using controlled atmosphere high temperature scanning probe microscope (CAHT-SPM) set-up for measurements of impedance spectroscopy and potential sweep. The oxygen partial pressure, pO2, was varied. Further, ex situ surface analysis by time of flight secondary mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and structure examination by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. Segregation of Sr and La oxides to LSM surfaces and Mn rich oxide to the three phase boundary (TPB) was observed. YSZ and LSM attract different oxides/impurities. The oxygen electrode kinetics are discussed in light of the surface compositions and compared with the literature on microelectrode and composite LSM-YSZ electrode kinetics.

Analysis of Ferromagnetic-Multiferroic Interfaces in Epitaxial Multilayers of LSMO and BFO

Bilayers were fabricated from ferromagnetic LSMO (Lanthanum Strontium Manganate Oxide, La0.7Sr0.3MnO3) and ferroelectric BFO (Bismuth Ferrite, BiFeO3) using pulsed laser deposition in the presence of O2 on LaAlO3and SrTiO3 substrates. The layer thickness and the layer order were varied among 16 samples. The bilayers were analyzed using TEM, XRD, XRR, and XPS to determine the stoichiometry, interlayer diffusion, roughness, and other structural features. TEM imaging showed that portions of the bilayers were highly crystalline. However, XRD analysis demonstrated that the majority of films were amorphous, with some polycrystalline and nanocrystalline samples. XRR data indicated a high roughness but did not yield good thickness values. Finally, XPS confirmed that material stoichiometry was preserved. It appears that the deposition process still needs optimization. This research will serve as the basis for future experiments on the magnetic properties of LSMO/BFO bilayers.

Camber Evolution and Stress Development of Porous Ceramic Bilayers During Co‐Firing

Camber evolution and stress development during co‐firing of asymmetric bilayer laminates, consisting of porous Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 gadolinium‐doped cerium oxide (CGO) and La0.85Sr0.15MnO3 lanthanum strontium manganate (LSM)‐CGO were investigated. Individual layer shrinkage was measured by optical dilatometer, and the uniaxial viscosities were determined as a function of layer density using a vertical sintering approach. The camber evolution in the bilayer laminates was recorded in situ during co‐firing and it was found to correspond well with the one predicted by the theoretical model. The estimated sintering mismatch stress in co‐fired CGO‐LSM/CGO bilayer laminates was significantly lower than general sintering stresses expected for free sintering conditions. As a result, no co‐firing defects were observed in the bilayer laminates, illustrating an acceptable sintering compatibility of the ceramic layers.

Cross-plane electronic and thermal transport properties of p-type La0.67Sr0.33MnO3/LaMnO3 perovskite oxide metal/semiconductor superlattices

Lanthanum strontium manganate (La0.67Sr0.33MnO3, i.e., LSMO)/lanthanum manganate (LaMnO3, i.e., LMO) perovskite oxide metal/semiconductor superlattices were investigated as a potential p-type thermoelectric material. Growth was performed using pulsed laser deposition to achieve epitaxial LSMO (metal)/LMO (p-type semiconductor) superlattices on (100)-strontium titanate (STO) substrates. The magnitude of the in-plane Seebeck coefficient of LSMO thin films (&amp;lt;20 μV/K) is consistent with metallic behavior, while LMO thin films were p-type with a room temperature Seebeck coefficient of 140 μV/K. Thermal conductivity measurements via the photo-acoustic (PA) technique showed that LSMO/LMO superlattices exhibit a room temperature cross-plane thermal conductivity (0.89 W/m·K) that is significantly lower than the thermal conductivity of individual thin films of either LSMO (1.60 W/m·K) or LMO (1.29 W/m·K). The lower thermal conductivity of LSMO/LMO superlattices may help overcome one of the major limitations of oxides as thermoelectrics. In addition to a low cross-plane thermal conductivity, a high ZT requires a high power factor (S2σ). Cross-plane electrical transport measurements were carried out on cylindrical pillars etched in LSMO/LMO superlattices via inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching. Cross-plane electrical resistivity data for LSMO/LMO superlattices showed a magnetic phase transition temperature (TP) or metal-semiconductor transition at ∼330 K, which is ∼80 K higher than the TP observed for in-plane resistivity of LSMO, LMO, or LSMO/LMO thin films. The room temperature cross-plane resistivity (ρc) was found to be greater than the in-plane resistivity by about three orders of magnitude. The magnitude and temperature dependence of the cross-plane conductivity of LSMO/LMO superlattices suggests the presence of a barrier with the effective barrier height of ∼300 meV. Although the magnitude of the cross-plane power factor is too low for thermoelectric applications by a factor of approximately 10−4—in part because the growth conditions chosen for this study yielded relatively high resistivity films—the temperature dependence of the resistivity and the potential for tuning the power factor by engineering strain, oxygen stoichiometry, and electronic band structure suggest that these epitaxial metal/semiconductor superlattices are deserving of further investigation.

Fabrication of Innovative Compliant Current Collector‐Supported Microtubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

In this work, an innovative compliant current collector‐supported microtubular solid oxide fuel cell has been designed and produced. A nickel wire is coiled around carbon‐composite rods to fabricate the cells support, and dip coating technique is used to deposit the anode and the electrolyte from ceramic slurries containing NiO/yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and YSZ, respectively. Pyrolizable materials are eliminated by heat treatment in air at 800°C; the half‐cell is then sintered in Ar at 1380°C to avoid the oxidation of the Ni wire whose compliance allows to minimize stresses generated during heat treatments. The cathode consists of two layers made by lanthanum strontium manganate–YSZ mixture and pure lanthanum strontium manganate co‐sintered at 1150°C. Electrochemical I–V characterization of single microtubular solid oxide fuel cells points out great potentiality of the innovative architecture demonstrated by the maximum power output of ~200 mW/cm2 at 800°C under a wet H2 fuel flow.

Fabrication–microstructure–performance relationships of reversible solid oxide fuel cell electrodes–review

A reversible solid oxide fuel cell system can act as an energy storage device by storing energy in the form of hydrogen and heat, buffering intermittent supplies of renewable electricity such as tidal and wave generation. The most widely used electrodes for the cell are lanthanum strontium manganate–yttria stabilised zirconia and Ni–yttria stabilised zirconia. Their microstructure depends on the fabrication techniques, and determines their performance. The concept and efficiency of reversible solid oxide fuel cells are explained, along with cell geometry and microstructure. Electrode fabrication techniques such as screen printing, dip coating and extrusion are compared according to their advantages and disadvantages, and fuel cell system commercialisation is discussed. Modern techniques used to evaluate microstructure such as three-dimensional computer reconstruction from dual beam focused ion beam–scanning electron microscopy or X-ray computed tomography, and computer modelling are compared. Reversible cell electrode performance is measured using alternating current impedance on symmetrical and three electrode cells, and current/voltage curves on whole cells. Fuel cells and electrolysis cells have been studied extensively, but more work needs to be done to achieve a high performance, durable reversible cell and commercialise a system.

Porous Cathode Transient One Dimensional Model of a Liquid Tin Anode Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can convert the chemical energy stored in hydrocarbon fuels directly into electricity bypassing the many energy transfers that normally occur, chemical→ heat (steam boiler)→ mechanical (turbine)→ electrical (generator), when hydrocarbon fuels are combusted to produce electricity. CellTech Power has developed a liquid tin anode (LTA) SOFC that is not damaged by fuels that contain sulfur. This paper expands the 1-D model of the LTA-SOFC by using porous electrode theory for the cathode, which facilitates the prediction of concentration polarization experimentally observed at higher current densities. The results of this study indicate that the tortuosity of the cathode and the lanthanum strontium manganate (LSM) layer should be as close to unity as possible, and that the porosity of the LSM should be between 0.4 and 0.8 while the porosity of the cathode should be 0.2.

Optimizing the performance of porous electrochemical cells for flue gas purification using the DOE method

The DOE model was used to improve the performance of cells for electrochemical gas purification. Three factors were chosen: the amount of graphite, the Lanthanum Strontium Manganate/Gadolinium-doped Cerium oxide weight % ratio, and the Lanthanum Strontium Manganate pre-calcination temperature (with or without Lanthanum Strontium Manganate calcinated at 1000°C). The effects of the following physical properties were measured: porosity, pore size, shrinkage, and conductivity. The sintered tapes were also characterized with scanning electron microscopy. Graphite was added as a pore former.The work shows, that a change in a factor not only changes the performance property that one would expect, but also influence other properties.

Sintering Effect on Material Properties of Electrochemical Reactors Used for Removal of Nitrogen Oxides and Soot Particles Emitted from Diesel Engines

AbstractIn the present work, 12‐layered electrochemical reactors (comprising five cells) with a novel configuration including supporting layer lanthanum strontium manganate (LSM)‐yttria stabilised zirconia (YSZ), electrode layer LSM‐gadolinia‐doped cerium oxide (CGO) and electrolyte layer CGO were fabricated via the processes of slurry preparation, tape casting and lamination and sintering. The parameters of porosity, pore size, pore size distribution, shrinkage, flow rate of the sintered reactors and the electrical conductivities of the supporting layer and the electrode in the sintered reactors were characterised. The effect of sintering temperature on microstructures and properties of the sintered samples was discussed, and 1,250 °C was determined as the appropriate sintering temperature for reactor production based on the performance requirements for applications. Using the present ceramic processing route, porous, flat and crack‐free electrochemical reactors were successfully achieved. The produced electrochemical reactors have the potential application in the removal of NOx and soot particles emitted from the diesel engines.

In situ examination of Lanthanum Strontium Manganate (LSM) with Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS)

In situ examination of Lanthanum Strontium Manganate (LSM) with Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS)

Ferroelectric Control of Spin Polarization

A current drawback of spintronics is the large power that is usually required for magnetic writing, in contrast with nanoelectronics, which relies on "zero-current," gate-controlled operations. Efforts have been made to control the spin-relaxation rate, the Curie temperature, or the magnetic anisotropy with a gate voltage, but these effects are usually small and volatile. We used ferroelectric tunnel junctions with ferromagnetic electrodes to demonstrate local, large, and nonvolatile control of carrier spin polarization by electrically switching ferroelectric polarization. Our results represent a giant type of interfacial magnetoelectric coupling and suggest a low-power approach for spin-based information control.