Abstract
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can convert the chemical energy stored in hydrocarbon fuels directly into electricity bypassing the many energy transfers that normally occur, chemical→ heat (steam boiler)→ mechanical (turbine)→ electrical (generator), when hydrocarbon fuels are combusted to produce electricity. CellTech Power has developed a liquid tin anode (LTA) SOFC that is not damaged by fuels that contain sulfur. This paper expands the 1-D model of the LTA-SOFC by using porous electrode theory for the cathode, which facilitates the prediction of concentration polarization experimentally observed at higher current densities. The results of this study indicate that the tortuosity of the cathode and the lanthanum strontium manganate (LSM) layer should be as close to unity as possible, and that the porosity of the LSM should be between 0.4 and 0.8 while the porosity of the cathode should be 0.2.
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