Symbolic Language Research Articles

Contrastive Analysis of Tabe Politeness Speech Acts in Bugis and Sumimasen in Japanese (Pragmatic Study)

This research investigates the level of politeness exhibited by Tabe in Bugis and Sumimasen in Japanese. The researchers do a contrastive analysis to examine the differences and similarities between Tabe in Bugis and Sumimasen in Japanese, which encompasses the act of begging and the pragmatic aspect of politeness. This research uses a contrastive descriptive qualitative methodology, in which the data consists of elaborate qualitative information rather than numerical values. This data is examined by using two distinct approaches, specifically descriptive and contrastive data analysis. The findings of this investigation in the term "tabe" holds significant symbolism in Bugis language and culture, serving as a means to kindly and respectfully request permission. By strategic use of "tabe" in appropriate circumstances, individuals can demonstrate profound gratitude and courtesy towards others, enhance social connections, and uphold societal harmony. Likewise, the use of "sumimasen" in Japan underscores cultural principles that emphasize courtesy, modesty, and social concord. The word is employed in several contexts to apologise, request assistance, or convey appreciation, and serves to sustain positive relationships and prevent conflict in daily contacts.

Untangling ideologies in lifelong learning discourse

ABSTRACT This paper contributes to research on lifelong learning (LL) by examining discourses of multilateral organisations through the lens of ‘progressive neoliberalism’, in which contradictory ideologies of social justice movements and capitalism are hybridised (Fraser 2017). LL has been interpreted as a means of upskilling to remain competitive in the global economy or as a device for promoting social cohesion, equality and personal fulfilment. This study locates LL within the context of educating global citizens of all ages to address world crises and aims to understand underlying ideological assumptions in OECD, UNESCO, WB, EU and IB policy texts. A critical discourse analysis reveals the entanglement of largely symbolic progressive language within the confines of neoliberal capitalism. This ambiguous conceptualisation offers an incoherent framework for LL and perpetuates what Gramsci (1971) describes as a hegemonic bloc. Findings suggest that LL discourses mediate contradictions between two diverging ideological orientations, legitimise social hierarchies and power relations, and provide a superficial approach to global injustices and environmental emergencies.

Directed Lobish-based explainable feature engineering model with TTPat and CWINCA for EEG artifact classification

Background and ObjectiveElectroencephalography (EEG) signals are crucial to decipher various brain activities. However, these EEG signals are subtle and contain various artifacts, which can happen due to various reasons. The main aim of this paper is to develop an explainable novel machine learning model that can identify the cause of these artifacts. Material and methodA new EEG signal dataset was collected to classify various types of artifacts. This dataset contains eight classes: seven are artifacts, and one is the EEG signal without artifacts. A novel feature engineering model has been proposed to classify these artifact classes automatically. This model contains three main steps: (i) feature generation with the proposed transition table pattern (TTPat), (ii) the proposed cumulative weight-based iterative neighborhood component analysis (CWINCA)-based feature selection, and (iii) classification using t algorithm-based k-nearest neighbors (tkNN). The novelty of this work is TTPat feature extractor and CWINCA feature selector. Channel-based transformation is performed using the proposed TTPat, which extracts 392 features from the transformed EEG signal. A novel CWINCA feature selector is proposed. The artifacts are classified using tkNN algorithm. ResultsThe proposed TTPat and CWINCA-based feature engineering model obtained a classification accuracy ranging from 66.39% to 97.69% for 30 cases. We presented the explainable results using a new symbolic language termed Directed Lobish. ConclusionsThe results and findings demonstrated that the proposed explainable feature engineering (EFE) model is good at artifact detection and classification. Directed Lobish has been presented to obtain explainable results and is a new symbolic language.

SUSTAINABILITY AND SEMIOTICS IN TRANSCENDENT IN SELECTED CULTURAL SPACES AND BUILT-FORMS OF SOUTHWEST NIGERIA

Sustainability is central to all human endeavours including architecture as a built environment and cultural discipline. Acase study on semiotics and meaning of built-forms and spaces partly usedYorubalanguage built-formlexiconsforidentification, sometimesproper appreciation and interpretation based on the study areas Mutual Contextual Beliefs for transcendent relevance. Semiotics a language of sign and symbols was used to interpretbuilt-forms in the study area to see if their symbolic characteristics were environmentally responsive, energy, efficient, socially inclusive and economically affordable to besustainable architecture.This paper aimed to show how some of the study areascultural built-forms and practices, have transcended past usage into a continued present-day application.Thesustainable cultural qualities,of thesebuilt-forms and spaces, werediscovered in few currently relevant spaces like the impluvium courtyard, the forecourt/balcony and roof-loftetcetera. Semiotic theoretical frameworks theories of Saussure and Pierce, like the semiotic triangle Ecos, denotation and connotation theories, iconic, lexical and symbolic semiotic classifications were deployed. It was found and concluded that somecultural built-forms and spaces were sustainable and fit for contemporary application.

The Symbolization of Violence Aesthetic and Cultural Integration in One Piece: A Case Study of the Thriller Bark Chapter

Postmodernism in the 20th century gradually developed "violence" into an artistic aesthetic, and due to different understandings of "violence" in various countries, it has spawned a variety of branches. In order to disseminate its works to audiences from different cultural backgrounds, One Piece combines Japanese indigenous violence aesthetics with the violent cultures of various cultures, making it a successful example of cross-cultural communication on a global scale. To understand the process of symbolic re-encoding of Japanese native violence aesthetics and British violence aesthetics in One Piece, as well as the way in which values are integrated, this study selects the Thriller Bark Chapter (episodes 337 to 380) in One Piece as a case for analysis. The study extracts references to British culture and Japanese native culture within the text as "cultural symbols," a unit of visual analysis, and further divides them into four major categories: natural symbols, artificial symbols, character symbols, and language symbols. Statistical analysis reveals that, due to the close relationship between British horror violence culture and the development of its Gothic literature, the author has incorporated a large number of Gothic cultural symbols in the Thriller Bark Chapter. Meanwhile, the work consistently upholds the fundamental principles of Japanese native culture while also revitalizing its own cultural identity.

“Floral Ornament of Reality”: Flowers in Worldview of E. T. A. Hoffmann and N. A. Polevoy

The relevance of this study is grounded in the scholarly significance of the issue of Russian-German literary connections as a crucial factor in intercultural interaction. This article analyzes works in which the authors articulate a mystical sense of nature, based on the natural philosophical ideas of F. Schelling. The focus of the investigation is the national distinctiveness of Romanticism, manifested in the peculiarities of nature perception, particularly floral imagery. It is demonstrated that the Romantic writers of Germany and Russia perceived love, within the value-emotional framework of the Romantic universe, as a mystical feeling that enables one to penetrate the mysterious forces of nature. The floral motifs within the works contribute an additional allegorical meaning to the artistic worlds of E. T. A. Hoffmann and N. A. Polevoy. The “floral background” of the characters in the analyzed texts (the tulip Gamachea, the thistle Pepush, the bride Tis — Little Rose; Emma — cornflower; Italy — “poor forget-me-not,” among others) establishes a symbolic language of nature. Attention is also given to motifs traditional to German literature: yearning, soul affinity, reminiscence of a “different world,” and the union of lovers in death, which are reflected in the examined works of Russian literature. The novelty of this research lies in its consideration of N. A. Polevoy’s dialogue with the German literary tradition represented by E. T. A. Hoffmann as a result of his philosophical and poetic explorations.

Mastery of the Concept of Percentage and Its Representations in Finnish Comprehensive School Grades 7–9

This research was conducted in 2019 in collaboration with Japanese colleagues, with the research tasks translated from the original Japanese. In Finland, a total of 1112 students from grades 7–9 in primary school participated in the study. In our article, we examine Finnish students’ mastery of the concept of percentages and how they express their mathematical thinking about percentages in a multimodal way. A multimodal expression of mathematical thinking can typically take the form of natural language, written mathematics, pictorial representations, mathematical symbolic language, or combinations of these, which can be used to manage information, such as through tables. Our focus is on Finnish primary-school students’ mastery of the concept of percentages, and we then narrow our analysis to tasks where students have used a multimodal approach. We analyze the representations of the concept of percentages and the related thought processes. The concept of percentages was best mastered in grade 9 and weakest in grade 7. Students mostly used a combination of pictorial language, natural language, and mathematical symbolic language to describe their solution processes. However, describing their thinking in different ways did not necessarily highlight possible errors in their reasoning.

Directions of objectivity. Cassirer on art as a symbolic language

AbstractIn this paper I argue that 1) art is, for Cassirer, a symbolic language whereby images (or poetic expressions) work analogously to verbal signs in order to frame and codify meaningful objective contents, namely symbolic formations that constitute objects in a specific region of culture. I claim that 2a) both art and language rely on what I call symbolic-poietic mimesis: a function meant to 2b) combine imitative and constructive states in order to shape a proto-meaningful core according to its symbolic pregnance and 3a) employ forms that are, on the one hand, pure (not derived from experience) and, on the other hand, sensuous (figurative signs). The idea is that while 4a) both language and art are oriented towards objectivity as the constitution of cultural objects, 4b) they also differ in their respective directions. On the one hand, language pursues stable and fixed verbal references. On the other, art relies on moving and living forms meant to codify a dynamic weft of aesthetic values.

French Loanwords in English cr-phonaesthemic group

Introduction. The article examines the influence of French borrowings on the process of development of phonaesthemic sound symbolism in the English language. Phonaesthemes work as a language instrument of semantic structuring of meanings of groups of words with similar form. The article aims to identify how French borrowings influenced the set of semes characteristic of the English phonaesthemic group cr-.Methodology and sources. The preselected 62 English words with the initial cr- consonant cluster borrowed from French, were analyzed for their possible influence on the respective English phonaesthemic group. 25 words were confirmed to be phonaesthemic. The words were selected from the Oxford English Dictionary by targeted sampling. Etymology, if necessary, was further verified after French etymological dictionaries Le Littré and Trésor. Theoretical framework for this research are the works of Mikhalev (phonosemantic field theory), Leonardi (on Latin phonaesthemes) and Bottineau (on French iconic words). Methods applied in the research are etymological and phonosemantic analyses. French loanwords included and not included in the English phonaesthemic group were analysed separately.Results and discussion. The data analyses have shown that in case the shared semes of the CR- word group in the donor language coincide with those of the recipient language, loanwords seem to augment and strengthen the tendency to form phonaesthemic groups. Otherwise, new words remain outside the English phonosemantic field of the group in question. Phonotactic restrictions may also leave such loanwords outside the studied phonaesthemic group. French loanwords of Germanic origin seem to demonstrate stronger sustainability in language as compared to those of Latin origin. Words of French origin appear to be onomatopoeic only.Conclusion. The results of the study demonstrate that French loanwords had a limited effect on the English cr- phonaesthemic group. French loanwords have expanded the group and strengthened the tendencies formed within the native English word group.

Identification of John and Matthew in Some Nubian Paintings of Twelve Apostles

This paper aims to show how, in certain Nubian paintings depicting apostolic colleges, the evangelists John and Matthew can be identified by the attributes they hold, namely books. Theoretically, a book is an attribute that can define many figures involved in writing or preaching, such as saints (especially bishops in Nubian paintings), apostles, evangelists and Christ. However, in these particular paintings I am describing, only two of the apostles are holding books and these are the evangelists John and Matthew. The other apostles hold rotuli, while Peter is singled out through the key. My argument is based not only on the attributes, but also on an analysis of other elements such as the position of the apostles in the whole college, their physiognomic types, and finally the surviving inscriptions. However, we should remember that not all Nubian paintings are preserved intact. In many cases, large fragments of figures, including their faces, are missing.Therefore, several elements must be taken into consideration during the interpretationof the content of the paintings. The research I have carried out can be helpful inidentifying the individual figures that make up the apostolic college. It also shows howNubian iconographers consciously used the language of symbols by differentiatingbetween the earthly and heavenly hierarchies.

Lobish: Symbolic Language for Interpreting Electroencephalogram Signals in Language Detection Using Channel-Based Transformation and Pattern.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals contain information about the brain's state as they reflect the brain's functioning. However, the manual interpretation of EEG signals is tedious and time-consuming. Therefore, automatic EEG translation models need to be proposed using machine learning methods. In this study, we proposed an innovative method to achieve high classification performance with explainable results. We introduce channel-based transformation, a channel pattern (ChannelPat), the t algorithm, and Lobish (a symbolic language). By using channel-based transformation, EEG signals were encoded using the index of the channels. The proposed ChannelPat feature extractor encoded the transition between two channels and served as a histogram-based feature extractor. An iterative neighborhood component analysis (INCA) feature selector was employed to select the most informative features, and the selected features were fed into a new ensemble k-nearest neighbor (tkNN) classifier. To evaluate the classification capability of the proposed channel-based EEG language detection model, a new EEG language dataset comprising Arabic and Turkish was collected. Additionally, Lobish was introduced to obtain explainable outcomes from the proposed EEG language detection model. The proposed channel-based feature engineering model was applied to the collected EEG language dataset, achieving a classification accuracy of 98.59%. Lobish extracted meaningful information from the cortex of the brain for language detection.

Концептуальная инженерия: идея и проблемное поле

The article analyzes the ideas and methods of conceptual engineering, its goals, problem field and opportunities. Conceptual engineering as a philosophical di­rection arises at the intersection of descriptive and normative approaches, repre­senting a revisionist strategy. Emphasizing the correlation between science and social life, the developers of the idea draw attention to the need for a conscious attitude to conceptual representation and terminological choice. Particular atten­tion is paid to the analysis of the name of the direction: the engineering perspec­tive is associated with the idea of ​​managing the scientific process. Theoretical and methodological origins of conceptual engineering are considered: the ideas of J. Dewey on the development of “conscious thinking”, R. Carnap on explica­tion, S. Haslanger on the importance of a critical attitude towards significant so­cial theoretical constructs. It is shown that conceptual engineering as a revi­sionist epistemological project is aimed at changing specific forms of social interaction through the revision of current ideas about the world and about one­self. Given the paramount importance of language in organizing everyday intel­lectual practices, conceptual engineering focuses on concepts and their meaning. In essence, it represents another attempt to eliminate linguistic ambiguity, but no longer with the help of a special symbolic language, but by manipulating mean­ing and sense. The problems of semantic modifications of concepts associated with semantic drift, linguistic intuition and communication, knowledge transfer are analyzed

Kajian Hadits Tentang “Hajar Aswad” Dalam Perspektif Linguistik (Analisis Pada Matan Hadits)

Abstract— The Hadith is the second source after the Qur'an, with scholars of Hadith defining it as the sayings, actions, approvals, and all things related to the Prophet Muhammad. Historically, during the time of the Prophet, his Companions would always ask him about rulings, worship, social transactions, and all matters. However, this was no longer possible after the Prophet's death, leading to the compilation of Hadith by the Companions. In some cases, certain Hadiths reported from the Prophet cannot be immediately understood, as their texts often contain symbolic language that requires special interpretation to grasp their meaning. This research is categorized as library research. Sudaryanto outlines three stages of the research process. The first is data collection: after identifying various problems, objects, and major themes in the study, the researcher will present the data collection, including books and journals related to the research. Like other linguistic research methods, language research can follow two phases: conversation or observation. Second, data analysis is the process of organizing the data, categorizing it, and arranging it into patterns. Sudaryanto explains that analysis is the researcher’s effort to directly address the issues found in the data. Similar to data collection, data analysis can be conducted using two methods: the comparative method and the distributive method. Third, data presentation: after the data is collected and analyzed, the next step is presenting the findings. In this study, the data is presented informally, as the researcher explains the types of language used in Hadith and its relation to the historical background of the emergence of the Hadith text, using everyday language. The findings of this study conclude that the Hadith regarding the Black Stone being from paradise carries a metaphorical meaning. "From paradise" refers to the blessings from Allah associated with the stone. Some people suggest that the Black Stone is a meteor with high radiation and serves as an entrance to the synergy of the Ka’bah. The stone is considered special because it was carried by Prophets Ibrahim and Ismail. Kata kunci: Hadith, Linguistic, Histories

The language of belonging: The role of symbolic language in shaping social identity and public perceptions of police gender targets

AbstractGender‐targeted recruitment in policing has elicited varied public responses. This study explores public sentiment toward policing gender targets using a symbolic interactionist and social identity approach. A sentiment analysis was conducted on 5447 comments extracted from a Facebook recruitment campaign targeting women. The study revealed a nearly equal distribution of positive and negative language in the comments, with high levels of trust and fear, and notable expressions of anger and sadness. Positive sentiments utilised terms like “equality” and “merit” indicating support for gender targets as a means to promote gender equality and career opportunities for women. Conversely, negative sentiments centred on discrimination. Findings underscore how individuals construct meaning around gender and interpret gender‐target initiatives in policing through the sentiments expressed in online interactions. This research contributes to a nuanced understanding of public discourse surrounding gender targets, highlighting the importance of tailored recruitment and educational campaigns to promote inclusivity and effective gender‐targeted initiatives.

Keterlambatan Berbahasa dalam Aspek Fonologi pada Anak Usia 5 Tahun

The purpose of this study was to find out the causes of language delays in phonological aspects of five-year-old subjects. The problem that underlies this research is related to language disorders. Language disorder in children's speech development is one type of communication disorder which is indicated for children who experience disturbances in the process of using any symbols in language. In this study, it discusses speech sound pronunciation disorders experienced by 5 year old children, especially in the phonological aspect. The method used is qualitative with note-taking techniques and collecting data sources through interviews, subjects are given light questions so they are easy to understand.

Homonym in Chinese Advertising Slogan from A Semantic Perspective

The opposition and unity of sound, meaning, and form constitute the three elements of language, that is, each language symbol contains three aspects: sound, meaning, and form. Due to the arbitrariness of language and certain contradiction caused by "less sound, fewer forms, and more meaning", the relationship between these elements in the language system is not one-to-one, leading to the phenomenon of polysemy and homonym in languages. Ambiguity is a common linguistic phenomenon that exists in both ancient and modern languages, both locally and across languages. It is a special relationship between language structure and meaning. Linguists believe that the phenomenon of ambiguity in the meaning of a word or sentence, or the existence of two or more interpretations for one expression, is called linguistic ambiguity. In this theoretical context, homonym is a type of lexical ambiguity widely used in modern advertising. The present study attempts to analyze the linguistic significance of homophones in advertisements through specific examples, so that people can better understand the wit, humor, and richness of languages, while paying attention to its impact on language development and adolescents. Through these measures, it can be expected that more benefits and less harm will be achieved in the long run.

Logic and symbolism of switchable porous framework materials

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly porous materials composed of organic linkers and inorganic nodes. A subset of MOFs can switch between at least two structures differing significantly in porosity, offering new opportunities for application technologies. However, network topology, micromechanics of building blocks and their hinges, particle size, defects, agglomeration etc., are convoluted into the responsiveness of the system. Many factors are a consequence of the material’s history, including synthesis, desolvation, and all subsequent handling steps, leading to a complex interplay of factors difficult to express clearly by ordinary language systems, chemical or mathematical symbols without loss of intuitive understanding. Here, we propose a symbolic language for the rationalization of switchability emphasizing the history-dependent responsivity of many dynamic frameworks and their stimuli-induced phase transitions. The system follows a bivalent logic inspired by Freges “Begriffsschrift”, providing a fundamental logic structure for the rationalization of statements and representation of logic gates.

Etched in Stone: Shaligrams as Object-Texts

Shaligrams are the sacred fossil ammonites of the Himalayas. Viewed primarily as manifestations of Hindu gods, Shaligrams are obtained by pilgrimage to Himalayan Nepal and are then brought home to families and communities all over South Asia and the Diaspora as household deities. But Shaligrams also contain a variety of natural characteristics that are read and interpreted through long-standing oral traditions that use these features to both determine which specific deity is manifest within the stone and to link each Shaligram with a body of religious stories and local folklore. Therefore, the semiotic interpretation of Shaligrams instantiates ritual practices by which each stone becomes both an object and a text; able to be read by those fluent in its symbolic language. This practice then blurs the line between categories of object and archive; where fossils become literal texts and stones become storytellers.

Analysis of Van Dijk's Critical Discourse on the Lyrics of the Song "Komang" by Raim Laode

Background. Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis is an approach used to uncover the power of ideology and power in texts. The lyrics of the song "Komang" by Raim Laode are the object of study because they contain social and cultural messages that are relevant to today's society. Purpose. This study aims to analyze how the lyrics of the song "Komang" reflect the strength of ideology and power structure in society through Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis approach. The specific purpose of this study is to understand the hidden meaning and social context presented in the lyrics of the song. Method. The research method used is the analysis of Van Dijk's critical discourse, which involves three main dimensions: text, social cognition, and social context. The data was collected through the analysis of the lyrics of the song "Komang" with a focus on the text structure, rhetorical strategy, and socio-cultural context that influenced it. Results. The results of the analysis show that the lyrics of the song "Komang" contain social criticism of injustice and inequality in society. Through the use of poetic and symbolic language, Raim Laode succeeded in conveying important messages about struggle and hope. The lyrics also reflect the ideology of resistance to oppressive power structures. Conclusion. The lyrics of Raim Laode's song "Komang" are not just a work of art, but also a form of strong social criticism. Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis reveals that the lyrics are loaded with ideological meanings and criticisms of social injustice. This research provides insight into how music can be an effective medium to voice social issues and influence people's thinking.

Study on Symbol Selection Ability According to AAC Symbol Types for Patients with Dementia of Alzheimer’s Type

Objectives: This study aimed to establish evidence for effective (Augmentative and Alternative Communication) AAC intervention approaches for patients with dementia of Alzheimer’s type (DAT) by examining whether the severity of dementia and the symbol type used in AAC tools affect symbol selection. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the relationship between symbol selection ability and language and cognitive abilities. Methods: Twenty-one normal elderly individuals, 17 patients diagnosed with mild DAT, and 20 patients with moderate to severe DAT were recruited. A symbol selection task was conducted using the Augmentative and Alternative Communication Symbol Assessment Tool (AAC-SAT). Participants selected target symbols on the screen consisting of graphic symbols, photos, and written words in response to auditory prompts given by the examiner. Data from the tasks were statistically analyzed for accuracy and response time, and correlation analyses were conducted for cognitive and language abilities. Results: The moderate to severe DAT group showed significantly lower accuracy and longer response times in symbol selection compared to the mild DAT group and normal elderly group. Upon examining each group separately, both mild and moderate to severe DAT groups showed no symbol type that was advantageous for symbol selection. However, the rapid response to photos observed in mild DAT group disappeared in the moderate to severe DAT group. Additionally, the symbol selection ability of DAT patients significantly deteriorated as language and cognitive abilities declined. Conclusion: Appropriate symbol types for AAC aimed at facilitating effective communication considering the language and cognitive abilities of DAT patients were suggested, and the findings of this study were compared with the claims made by previous research.