Kyiv Polytechnic Institute Research Articles

Неформальна та дуальна освіта в Україні

The article substantiates the process of implementation and recognition of the education, which provides educational process outside the formal education system in Ukraine. It is shown that, along with formal education, knowledge and relevant qualifications can be acquired through non-formal and informal education. These types of education become significant nowadays due to the dynamics of market needs, which often require promptly changing of professional qualification. The authors of the article present the measures taken by the Government of Ukraine, which are aimed at the development of the new educational paradigm in the country, including: the development of relevant normative documents, the formation of the register of qualifications, and the establishment of the network of qualification centers, which will assign professional qualifications outside formal educational institutions. They present the definitions of the concepts of formal education, non-formal education, informal education, educational qualification, professional qualification, and competence in accordance with their interpretation specified in the regulations of the Government of Ukraine. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the current state and the perspectives in the development of dual form of education in Ukraine. Based on the experience of Germany and other European countries, the authors substantiate the relevancy and feasibility of dual education in Ukraine. They demonstrate as the examples of successful implementation of dual education the cases of the National Technical University of Ukraine “Kyiv Polytechnic Institute named after Igor Sikorskyˮ and the University of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine. The advantages and disadvantages of the dual form of education are described. The main reasons for the low rate of implementation of these types of education in Ukraine are indicated. Keywords: education, non-formal education, dual education, qualification, competency.

ПРАКТИКА РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ІНІЦІАТИВ ЦИФРОВИХ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ХАБІВ В УКРАЇНІ ЯК СКЛАДОВА ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЙНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ

The paper examines the formation and functioning of digital innovation hubs (Digital Innovation Hub – DIH) in Ukraine as a component of the European integration policy. The authors present the results of creating and developing the Center 4.0 at National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” (DIH KPI) under the Boosting Widening Digital Innovation Hubs (BOWI) project in 2021–2022. The key goal of the project is to create a DIH network and established international interaction corridors that support collaboration between DIHs in which technologies for manufactur- ing enterprises are not yet adequately represented (proto-hubs) and developed, highly experienced hubs in these technologies (mature hubs). The paper describes the functionality of such structures, namely the provision of support services to organiza- tions in a specific region through cooperation with other community partners. Outlined are the results of the BOWI project, in particular – of its second phase, which concerned the interaction of the DIH with representatives of small and medium-sized businesses. The directions of Industry 4.0 in which DIH KPI works and the analysis results of the experiment in second phase of the project according to these directions are given. The procedure for evaluating the submitted projects is given, where each of the applications was evaluated by at least two independent external experts of the consortium according to each of the three criteria: «Excellence», «Impact» and «Implementation». The features of such cooperation are exemplified through the descrip- tion of support services that were offered to the SMEs by the DIH in formalizing their innovative solutions. The focus is on the participation in the project of the Association of Industrial Automation Enterprises of Ukraine, which has been uniting science, education and business in the field of Industry 4.0 for a long time, thus making it possible to achieve the socio-economic effect of Ukraine’s cooperation with the European Union.

Scientifi c Research of the SI “Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Radiology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences Of Ukraine” in 2021: Artifi cial intellect and postprocessing

Researchers of the Institute performed the applied scientific research "To develop technology for digital processing of radiological diagnostic images based on elements of artificial intelligence in diffuse liver pathology in patients of different ages" (funded from the budget of NAMS of Ukraine) in conjunction with SI "Academician O.M. Lukyanova Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine ” together with the National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute ». When performing research, the most important results are: investigations in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease demonstrated that the modern algorithm of radiological examination allows to determine not only the features of the structural structure of the body in the age aspect, in particular to characterize the fat component and information on the acoustic stiffness of the parenchyma, but is an important prerequisite for further monitoring of the effectiveness of diffuse liver disease treatment; methods for rapid diagnosis of diffuse liver disease based on the artificial intelligence elements application have been developed and implemented into the examination algorithm, which improves the level and speed of liver disease diagnosis at the stages of primary examination by 30% and allows to develop a differentiated approach in the application of other (high-cost) methods of radiological diagnostics. Protocols for post-processing of pancreatic diseases were developed together with the SI " O.O. Shalimov National Institute of Surgery and Transplantology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”. Scientists of the Institute together with the Ukrainian Military Medical Academy took part in the development of the complex of radiological methods for the diagnosis of thoracic gunshot wounds, visualization of wound canals in case of gunshot and mine-explosive injuries.

Central Air Conditioning Systems with Partial Indirect Evaporative Cooling and Utilization of Cold and Heat of Ventilation Emissions

A promising trend in air conditioning systems is the use of indirect evaporative cooling, but in the classic version it is effective in dry and hot climates. For the need to maintain comfortable air parameters in public buildings, it is not possible to fully implement such a process in the conditions of Ukraine (the relative humidity of the outside air ranges from 63 to 75 %). The aim of the work is to increase the energy efficiency of air conditioning systems with standard equipment through partial evaporative cooling and use for cooling water in cooling towers of the air removed from the rooms during the warm season, and in the cold season - use of the exhaust air for preheating the supply air in heat exchanger. A corresponding system diagram was developed and computational studies of a direct-flow circuit and a circuit with recirculation were carried out for one of the educational buildings of the Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute. According to the results of calculating the direct-flow circuit in the warm period, the energy efficiency of indirect evaporative cooling was 23.5 %. The annual amount of recovered heat of ventilation emissions for this scheme in the cold period was 3731 GJ / year, and the economic effect - 1473185 UAH / year. For a circuit with recirculation during a warm period, the greatest effect of indirect evaporative cooling is achieved with a recirculation rate of 10 %, and for the overall decrease in the cooling capacity of the air conditioner during this period the greatest impact is not indirect evaporative cooling, but recirculation. In the cold season, the greatest utilization effect is also achieved with a 10 % recirculation rate.

Open Mathematical Olympiad of Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, 2021. Round I

This article provides the problems and their solutions for categories A and B of the first round of the Open Mathematical Olympiad conducted at Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute in 2020/2021 academic year. Due to the quarantine restrictions, the Olympiad was held remotely, which, on the one hand, affected the number of participants, and on the other, allowed students from other educational institutions to participate in the Olympiad.

ЕНЕРГОСПОЖИВАННЯ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ КОРПУСІВ УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ В УМОВАХ КАРАНТИННИХ ОБМЕЖЕНЬ УКРАЇНИ

Target. To analyze the features of energy consumption of the building of the educational building No. 17 of the National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" in the conditions of quarantine restrictions in the implementation of energy-saving heating schemes.Methodology. Dynamic energetic modeling of a university academic building created in the DesignBuilder software environment under normal and quarantine modes.Results. Recommendations for the implementation of energy-saving modes of heating the building of the academic building of the university during the period of distance learning when introducing quarantine restrictions in Ukraine.Scientific novelty. An integrated approach has been developed to an in-depth analysis of energy consumption under conditions of partial use of the premises of educational buildings during the quarantine period. It is substantiated that the use of premises with partial operation of the building requires additional unit costs for heating needs.Practical significance. Simulation dynamic modeling of the building's energy consumption for heating for various modes of operation and employment / use of premises of educational buildings during the quarantine period in Ukraine, the results of the study will allow to obtain a set of energy characteristics of the building as a whole and its individual rooms / zones for hourly changes in internal operating conditions and external climatic conditions. The use of the proposed scheme of operation of the heating system of the building of the educational building allows to reduce energy consumption during the heating period by 8,5% compared to energy consumption during normal operation, which is economically feasible in conditions of partial occupancy of the building during quarantine restrictions (during lockdown) and an unpredictable macroeconomic situation on the energy market, causing a trend towards an increase in prices for basic energy resources.

ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT OF FACULTY INFORMATION SYSTEM “KPI-CONNECT”

This paper is dedicated to development model of information system to automate educational process based on the Faculty of Informatics and Computer Science at NTUU “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”. Existing educational systems of different higher education institutions had been studied; main realized functions of similar platforms were defined. As a result of research model, that enables insertion of students, teachers and other university personnel data, storing personal data and information about users’ scientific works, and also is able to be integrated into existing university information space, has been obtained.

COVID-19 Impact on Media Education in Technical University

The article considers raising students' media literacy as the response to the pandemic challenges highlighting the problem of deficiency of information verifiability and the importance of raising students' critical thinking as a crucial tool in decreasing the COVID-19 pandemic potential damage. The focus of the study lies in the research what sources/genres students of technical universities resort to in getting the information concerning the pandemic, what is their ability to distinguish facts from opinions, trustworthy information from misinformation as well as what are possible differences among students of technical and humanitarian specialities in terms of media literacy. The findings of the survey of 511 students majoring in different specialities at the National Technical University of Ukraine' Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute' (after this, the official abbreviated name – Igor Sikorsky KPI) revealed a need in raising students' media literacy in terms of critically assessing information concerning the coronavirus.

Department of Theoretical Electrical Engineering KPI. Igor Sikorsky years, people, destiny

The article offered to the reader is devoted to the formation and stages of development of one of the oldest departments of Kyiv Polytechnic Institute - Department of theoretical electrical engineering. An excerpt from the KPI personnel is given, which confirms the date of foundation . The history of the department is presented through its heads and their activities - from the day of formation to the present time. Main scientific directions of the department's activity and its achievements are given. The article will be useful for the heads and scientific and pedagogical staff of Ukrainian universities, a wide range of readers who are not indifferent to the history of education and science in Ukraine.

Teaching Spoken Production in Global Contexts 2021

Shaping and developing communication skills in non-linguistic faculties in higher education institutions remain relevant. Thus, the theoretical and methodological guidelines for training English professionally-oriented spoken production are among significant problems. Intending to overcome some related challenges, we conducted this study to investigate the efficiency of using presentational speeches based on authentic video materials. The main aim of the research was to analyze the problem from methodological and didactic perspectives and substantiate the theoretical and methodological principles of the professional training of monolingual students through the experimental verification of the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. To achieve the objectives of this study, in the first stage, we determined the efficiency of pedagogical conditions for developing the foreign language competence of students. Then we verified the efficiency of using presentational speeches in teaching Spoken Production. At the last stage, we analyzed the effectiveness of the proposed methods of forming and developing foreign language competence (Spoken Production) by using presentational speeches. The study sample included 45 students of the Sociology and Law Faculty in the National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”. We obtained the results that confirmed the efficiency of the presentational speech approach in teaching spoken production. Our study revealed that the presentational speech approach facilitates enhancement in the level of students’ professional competence. These findings provide a good starting point for discussion and further research.

Professor Igor Leonardovich Pioro on His 65th Birthday

Abstract Professor Igor Pioro is one of the well-known names in the field of nuclear engineering and heat transfer. Born on 22.09.1956 in Kiev, Ukraine, he received his M.A.Sc. in Thermal Physics in 1979 from the Kiev Polytechnic Institute (nowadays, National Technical University of Ukraine (NTUU) "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute"), Department of NPP and Engineering Thermal Physics. In the same year, he started to work as an engineer in the Institute of Engineering Thermal Physics (IEThPh), National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NAScU). During his more than 42 years of the professional career, Professor Pioro has published in total more than 500 publications including 12 technical books, 36 chapters in encyclopaedias, handbooks, and books, ~100 papers in refereed journals, ~300 papers in refereed proceedings of international and national conferences and symposiums, 26 patents and inventions, and ~50 major technical reports. Also, Professor Igor Pioro is a well-known promoter of the nuclear power around the world. He gave lectures / seminars / presentations in many world universities, institutes, research organizations, agencies, companies, etc. For his achievements within the area of nuclear engineering, he has received many awards and certificates of appreciation including Harold A. Smith Outstanding Contribution Award from CNS (2017); Honorary Doctor of the NTUU, etc. On the occasion of his 65th birthday, on behalf of the Journal Board, his colleagues, friends, and students all over the world, we wish Professor Igor Pioro a continuous active life in happiness and good health, and further scientific achievements!

Evolution of teaching the probability theory based on textbook by V. P. Ermakov

The paper is devoted to the study of what changes the course of the probability theory has undergone from the end of the 19th century to our time based on the analysis of The Theory of Probabilities textbook by Vasyl P. Ermakov published in 1878. In order to show the competence of the author of this textbook, his biography and creative development of V. P. Ermakov, a famous mathematician, Corresponding Member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, have been briefly reviewed. He worked at the Department of Pure Mathematics at Kyiv University, where he received the title of Honored Professor, headed the Department of Higher Mathematics at the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, published the Journal of Elementary Mathematics, and he was one of the founders of the Kyiv Physics and Mathematics Society. The paper contains a comparative analysis of The Probability Theory textbook and modern educational literature. V. P. Ermakov's textbook uses only the classical definition of probability. It does not contain such concepts as a random variable, distribution function, however, it uses mathematical expectation. V. P. Ermakov insists on excluding the concept of moral expectation accepted in the science of that time from the probability theory. The textbook consists of a preface, five chapters, a synopsis containing the statements of the main results, and a collection of tasks with solutions and instructions. The first chapter deals with combinatorics, the presentation of which does not differ much from its modern one. The second chapter introduces the concepts of event and probability. Although operations on events have been not considered at all; the probabilities of intersecting and combining events have been discussed. However, the above rule for calculating the probability of combining events is generally incorrect for compatible events. The third chapter is devoted to events during repeated tests, mathematical expectation and contains Bernoulli's theorem, from which the law of large numbers follows. The next chapter discusses conditional probabilities, the simplest version of the conditional mathematical expectation, the total probability formula and the Bayesian formula (in modern terminology). The last chapter is devoted to the Jordan method and its applications. This method is not found in modern educational literature. From the above, we can conclude that the probability theory has made significant progress since the end of the 19th century. Basic concepts are formulated more rigorously; research methods have developed significantly; new sections have appeared.

The use of WEB-oriented technologies in the process of WEB-programming teaching for technical universities students

The realities of the XXI century - informatization, digital transformation, high technologies, WEB-technologies in particular - put Ukraine state in front of global challenges of creating a digital state. It is the implementation of a number of digital projects which form the digital space of the state, in particular those coordinated by the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine. The development of a significant number of applications requires the state to constantly update them, maintain them working, which requires qualified programmers. The task of technical universities is to train competitive specialists in the IT field. This study analyzes the results of a survey of students of NTUU "Kyiv Polytechnic Institute. Igor Sikorsky ”, the purpose of which was to find out what integrated development environments and programming languages ​​senior students independently choose when developing programs within the educational and professional programs of the faculty, and which correlate with software used by programmers in the implementation of large IT-enterprises, in particular WEB-programming languages. The results of the study showed as well that the rating of programming languages and the use of integrated development environments meet modern requirements for software development. 76.7% of graduates, while being students, are already employed in IT companies as full-time employees. The high percentage of employment suggests that graduate students of the Faculty of Informatics and Computer Engineering of Igor Sikorsky NTUU KPI are competitive in the modern IT labor market.

Problems of introduction of motivational factors in ensuring high quality of training of engineers in institutions of higher education of Ukraine

The article considers the main motivating factors to achieve high quality education of engineers toward to European standards of higher education based on the analysis of the educational process on fundamental discipline “Chemistry” of students - future engineers at Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute. The principles of the educational process at the university are analyzed, the advantages and disadvantages of the modern system of education of future engineers are determined, the motivating factors of improving the quality of education are offered and the basic approaches to formation and development of the required set of professional competencies of graduates are determined.

INTRODUCTION TO 75th ANNIVERSARY OF THE INSTITUTE OF ENERGY SAVING AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT

Institute of Energy Saving and Energy Management of Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute as the successor of the glorious mining faculty of KPI entered the jubilee 75th year from its foundation.

THE USE OF WEB-SERVICES AND APPLICATIONS IN FORMING MEDIA LITERACY OF FUTURE JOURNALISTS

This research paper exposes functional features of the existing applications that are worth including in the journalism educational programs. Such inclusion will pursue the purpose of teaching media literacy to junior university students (namely, freshmen and sophomores) along with designing the Google browser AntiSepar Application. The application has been tested in practice by students majoring in journalism studies. The paper also sets the preconditions of the application’s technical tasks that were elaborated within the framework of the research project “Tools of asymmetric response to hybrid aggression in the humanitarian field” carried out at the Department of Publishing and Editing (Publishing and Printing Institute) at the National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine. The designed questionnaire completed by university trainees has confirmed the efficacy of the developed system which can be a helpful tool for analyzing media content on a variety of topics (100 respondents filled out a survey). Additionally, during distant group discussions and practice sessions, senior journalism students were offered a more sophisticated algorithm of information processing worked out with the help of the automated systems of wavelet data analysis. A few media-cases were analyzed to work out the main schemes of information processing through InfoStream and Attack Index services. The second part of the research contains the results of the survey, conducted among the Master’s degree students (64 students were interviewed). Finally, the authors concluded that the application of these tools makes it possible for media specialists to monitor news streams and their interconnections as well as the sources of information dissemination with ease and efficacy.

TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS IN ENERGY CERTIFICATION AND INSPECTION OF ENGINEERING SYSTEMS OF BUILDINGS IN THE IGOR SIKORSKY KYIV POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE


 
 
 European integration is a strategic direction for the development of our country's foreign policy. In pursuance of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union, a plan for the implementation of the European Parliament Directive on the energy performance of buildings (2010/31/EU) has been developed, which provides for the introduction of energy certification of buildings as a type of energy audit. Given the significant energy consumption in Ukraine compared to other countries, improving the energy efficiency of the buildings is an extremely important objective. The greatest effect in the existing buildings is achieved only in the case of integrated implementation of energy saving measures for fencing structures, utilities and equipment, and such projects require significant funds. To obtain funding from various investment funds and to be able to participate in state or local funding programs, it is necessary to perform an energy audit and justify energy saving measures, to assess the energy efficiency class of the building. The result of the implementation of measures will be a reduction in the total consumption of energy resources, as well as the cost of paying for them, improving the conditions of the microclimate. Institute of Energy Saving and Energy Management of Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute has many years of successful experience in training specialists in the area of energy and improving the energy efficiency of industry and utilities. On basis of the Training Center for Energy Management, advanced training courses have been introduced for specialists who intend to carry out activities on certification of energy efficiency and inspection of engineering systems of buildings. Energy certificates of buildings are mandatory for new buildings, state-owned buildings, local government buildings and in case of attracting public funds for complex thermal modernization. In this paper highlighted the experience, reveals the content of the curriculum for training, retraining and advanced training of energy auditors and presents the results of the Attestation Commission of the Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute.
 
 

The Professor G. De-Metz’s Contribution to the Development of Physical Science in Ukraine

The contribution of Professor Georgy De-Metz to the development of physical science in Ukraine is highlighted. The information about the childhood of the future scientist is given and his formation as a scientist is shown. He was extensively involved in physics under the guidance of F. Shvedov and M. Umov. The head of his master’s thesis was Professor A. Kundt. After the publication of the discovery of X-rays by Roentgen, G. De-Metz not only repeated the experiments of the German colleague, but also put new ones. In particular, he investigated the influence of various physical factors on obtaining the clear photographs of this radiation. The scientist managed to make clear pictures of frogs with an image of the internal organs. He also explored the possibility of using X-rays in medicine. In the early twentieth century, he published his first major work on radioactivity “Doctrine of the radioactivity and radioactive substances”, in which the scientist described the physical basics of radioactivity in detail. The researcher examined the radium content in water and flora from the pond of the Kyiv Botanical garden. Using the results of the studies G. De-Metz concluded that some types of living tissue were able to absorb and even concentrate radium from water and the environment. In his work “Radioactivity and the structure of matter,” not only a historical review of the development of the doctrine of radioactivity was made, but also the new experimental works of the author were represented. He analyzed 68 various minerals of uranium. G. De-Metz described the picture of the geographical distribution of radioactive minerals and identified the richest deposits of uranium ore at that time. In addition to his scientific work, the scientist was a well-known methodist. It was he who, in the 1920s, developed a method of teaching physics in institutes of Ukraine. It is reported that the scientist in a different period of time was the head of the physical department at various institutions of higher education. Moreover, he was even the Rector of the St. Volodymyr University, Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, and Kuban University.

ESP teacher professional development during the COVID-19 era at Igor Sikorsky Kyiv polytechnic institute

This article analyses professional development, completed by 34 in-service ESP teachers of the Department of English for Engineering No. 1 at Igor Sikorsky KPI during March-December 2020. In total 3344.3 hours of professional teacher development were analysed. They were confirmed by certificates of attendance and completion. A significant rise in the number of hours ESP teachers of the Department of English for Engineering No. 1 at Igor Sikorsky KPI spend professionally developing was noticed compared to the years before the pandemic. Quantitative methods and statistical and mathematical processing were used to analyse the data. Nine main categories of professional development were outlined. ICT teacher skills (51.8 % hours), teaching approaches, methods and techniques (18.4 %), student and teacher assessment and evaluation (14.5 %) were distinguished as the three top categories of professional development during the COVID-19 era at the department. Together these categories embraced approximately 85 % of all time, spent on professional growth by ESP teachers of the Department of English for Engineering No. 1 at Igor Sikorsky KPI. Other six categories included: connections with other disciplines (6.6 %), academic publications and research issues (4.8 %), international teacher collaboration (2.1 %), student and teacher behavior problems (1.6 %), language issues (0.2 %), curriculum development (0.07 %). The results confirmed the high demand for learning new ICT tools, platforms, and Google services in March-December 2020, the high interest in teaching approaches, methods and techniques, which can be used during the COVID-19 era, and ways to assess and evaluate students’ and teacher’s performance. Webinars, online conferences and online courses turned out to be the most popular forms of professional development of ESP teachers at Igor Sikorsky KPI during March-December 2020. Another discovered trend was the variety of providers of trainings for ESP teachers during the COVID-19 era. The list of them included 37 different organisations, institutes and centers, such as Dinternal education, Training Center Linguist (Cambridge University Press), Educational project “Na urok”, The Ukrainian Institute of Information Technologies in Education, Oxford University Press, Macmillan Education and others

Ways to eliminate inflections in teaching disciplines of intellectual property

The history of introduction of disciplines devoted to the methodology of scientific and technical creativity, acquisition, protection, protection and commercialization of intellectual property rights in the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute (KPI) is presented chronologically. The positive and negative consequences of teaching disciplines in intellectual property and patent science are analyzed. Emphasis was placed on a strategic mistake when two disciplines (one legal, the other integrated engineering creative direction) merged into one and two teachers of two different departments of KPI began to teach.