Kursk State Medical University Research Articles

Investigating the different forms of premenstrual syndrome in Kursk students

Background: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a complex of symptoms experienced by women before their menstrual period, which can significantly impact daily functioning and quality of life. While the prevalence of PMS varies globally, detailed studies on its manifestation among medical students are limited. This research aims to fill this gap by investigating the prevalence and types of PMS among female medical students at Kursk State Medical University. Methods and Materials: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a sample of 128 female medical students aged 18 to 25 years. Participants were surveyed using a validated PMS questionnaire, which classifies symptoms into four categories: psychological, behavioral, physical, and atypical. Data on demographic variables and lifestyle factors were also collected to explore potential correlations. Results: The study found that 84% of participants experienced some form of PMS, with 25% reporting severe symptoms. Psychological symptoms were the most prevalent, followed by physical, behavioral, and atypical symptoms. The incidence of PMS was higher among older students and those with less physical activity. Seasonal variations also influenced symptom severity, with winter months showing a higher incidence rate. Conclusion: The findings suggest a high prevalence of PMS among medical students at Kursk State Medical University, with significant impacts on their academic and personal lives. These results underscore the need for targeted educational programs and support systems to help manage PMS effectively. Further research is recommended to explore intervention strategies and to assess their efficacy in this population.

Statistical analysis of primary dysmenorrhea and mittelschmerz syndrome among female students of Kursk

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea and mittelschmerz syndrome represent significant gynecological challenges associated with the menstrual cycle, causing pain during menstruation and ovulation, respectively. These conditions not only cause physical discomfort but also psychological and social disturbances, impacting the quality of life of affected individuals. Understanding the prevalence and impact of these conditions among female students at Kursk State Medical University provides critical insights into their management. Methods and Materials: This cross-sectional study involved 100 female students who were not pregnant and were of reproductive age. Participants completed a detailed questionnaire that included the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale to assess pain levels and documented their menstrual characteristics, pain symptoms, and associated lifestyle factors. Results: The majority (76%) of participants experienced a regular menstrual cycle length of 21-35 days, while 21% reported irregular cycles. Of those surveyed, 58% of American and 35% of African descent reported moderate pain due to dysmenorrhea, whereas a significant portion (38.5%) of Asian participants experienced severe pain. Mittelschmerz syndrome was generally less severe, with 88% reporting mild pain. The study also highlighted the influence of external factors such as stress, weather, and lifestyle on symptom severity. Conclusion: Primary dysmenorrhea and mittelschmerz syndrome are prevalent among the studied population, with significant variations in symptom intensity influenced by ethnic and lifestyle factors. The data underscore the necessity for tailored educational and medical interventions to alleviate the burden of these conditions. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to track symptom progression and the effectiveness of different management strategies.

Tackling poor nutrition, lack of physical activity, and obesity in the general population

Background: Addressing the critical public health issues of poor nutrition, lack of physical activity, and obesity is essential for reducing non-communicable diseases. These factors contribute significantly to global morbidity and mortality, necessitating a comprehensive approach to improve dietary habits and increase physical activity among the general population. Methods and Materials: Utilizing an online survey targeted at medical students aged 19-25 from Kursk State Medical University, this study analyzes dietary habits, physical activity levels, and obesity perception. The survey, supplemented by academic literature and expert consultation, offers a multidimensional view of the prevailing health behaviors among students. Results: The findings indicate a concerning prevalence of unhealthy dietary choices, insufficient physical activity, and a notable perception of obesity among the participants. Statistical analysis of the survey results highlights the need for targeted interventions to address these health issues. Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of integrated strategies to promote healthy eating and regular physical activity. It calls for educational campaigns, policy measures, and individual behavioral changes to combat the growing challenge of obesity and associated health risks in the general population.

In Vivo Modeling of Complicated Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Introduction: There is no adequate and easily reproducible model of complicated necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) that allows to study its etiopathogenesis and test various surgical treatment options in an experiment.Objective: To devise a method for in vivo modeling of complicated NEC using laparoscopy.Materials and methods: Our study was conducted at the premises of the Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Oncology (Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, Kursk State Medical University) in compliance with international ethical standards and guidelines for humane animal treatment. Fifteen immature male rabbits underwent laparoscopy under inhalation anesthesia and then subserosal injection of damaging solutions (33% H2O2, 10% CaCl2, 4% KCl, 70% C2H5OH, 10% CH2O) into the intestinal wall. In 24 hours, we performed laparotomy, assessed pathological changes visually, and resected the section of the intestinal tube at the injection site. Then we performed a single­layer end­to­end intestinal anastomosis. Histological samples were made from a biopsy specimen. Morphological assessment of the changes was performed.Results: The most pronounced macro­ and microscopic changes were found in the animals injected with hydrogen peroxide. We assessed changes in the abdominal cavity 24 hours since the start of modeling and observed a pattern of partial intestinal obstruction and serous peritonitis. The morphological pattern was characterized by acute circulatory disorder in the intestinal wall with ulcerative necrotic defects and perforations.Conclusions: Based on morphological manifestations we devised a method for modeling complicated NEC using laparoscopy. It is easily reproducible in an in vivo experiment, close to the clinical situation, and allows to simulate typical morphological changes during severe NEC.

Оценка социокультурных детерминант адаптации иностранных студентов в вузах Курской области

The article introduces the results of a study conducted by the Expert Analytical Center of the Kursk Academy of State and Municipal Service. The general respondents of this study were foreign students studying in higher education institutions of Kursk region, with a total number of more than 4,000 people. The sample population of respondents in 2022 was of 350 people, with a 95 % confidence interval for the survey (margin of error ±5 %). The sample was formed from the number of individuals studying in 2 major Kursk universities, the share of foreigners in which makes up the majority of the general population: Southwest State University, Kursk State Medical University. Non-repeat random quota sampling was carried out according to such socio-demographic characteristics as gender, age, year of study, field of study. Representative sociological survey of foreign citi-zens studying in higher education institutions of Kursk region over the age of 18 was used as the main quantita-tive method of research via personal formalised face-to-face interview at the respondent's place of residence using paper questionnaires (PAPI method).

Studying the Efficacy of Local Hemostatic Agents In Vivo

Introduction: In modern clinical practice, there is no common and effective hemostatic agent for solid organs of the abdomen. Local agents such as hemostatic sponges, membranes, powders seem promising. The main advantages of hemostatic powders include relatively high efficacy, portability, versatility, as well as simplicity and low cost of manufacturing.Objective: To study the hemostatic efficacy of hemostatic powders’ samples based on the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) in an acute in vivo experiment.Materials and methods: The study was based at Kursk State Medical University. Fifty male Wistar rats (weighing 220-239 g) were selected as test animals. They were evenly divided into 5 groups: ARISTA AH, Cutanplast Powder, and Na-CMC hemostatic powders with 3 different dynamic viscosities: low (50-200 cP), medium (400-800 cP) and high (1500-3000 cP). Under general inhalation anesthesia, median laparotomy was performed in Wistar rats, the middle lobe of the liver was removed into the wound, and then marginal tangential resection was performed. We applied hemostatic powders of each group to the resulting wound, and then estimated the bleeding time and the volume of blood loss. We used the Mann-Whitney test (P ≤ .05) to assess the statistical significance of differences between the study groups.Results: We recorded the minimum bleeding time and the smallest volume of blood loss for the samples based on the Na-CMC and found no statistically significant differences between the viscosities groups.Conclusions: With Na-CMC hemostatic powder the bleeding time and the volume of blood loss were reduced by 3.6 and 2.2 times, respectively, comparing to the control group. These results were considered statistically significant (P ≤ .05).

In memory of Anton Vitalievich Nemilov (1879–1942)

The article is devoted to a brief scientific biography of the world-famous Soviet histologist, professor Anton Vitalievich Nemilov, a student of the Russian histologist and embryologist Alexander Stanislavovich Dogel.
 This article aims to clarify the contribution of prof. A.V. Nemilov to the largest scientific areas of research in biology in the first half of the 20th century and in the formation of knowledge in biology, which has become axiomatic by now, and demonstrate its role in solving the problems in practical biology.
 This work used materials from the Central State Archive of St. Petersburg and the Museum of Kursk State Medical University.
 Professor A.V. Nemilov contributed to neuromorphology, histophysiology, and endocrine gland histology, as well as to the methodology and methods of histology teaching in the history of Leningrad State University and Leningrad Agricultural Institute.
 Professor A.V. Nemilov, as one of the leaders of Leningrad State University, participated in the defense of the besieged Leningrad in 19411942.
 The results of the scientific studies of the students of professor A.V. Nemilov contributed to scientific morphological research, the methodology of histology teaching, the organization of the countrys higher education system, and the preservation of the heritage and memory of their teacher.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ УГЛУБЛЕННОЙ ДИСПАНСЕРИЗАЦИИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ КУРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ ЗА 2022 ГОД

Significance. Different variants of SARS-CoV-2 circulate in different regions of the world; the COVID-19 transmission rate is high. This disease is unparalleled in its impact on people's lives, especially the long-term symptoms that persist after the end of the acute phase and are called long COVID. In different patients, a set of symptoms varies, as long COVID does not have an unambiguous, clear clinical picture that depends on the symptoms that manifest during the acute course of COVID-19, therefore, people who have recovered from COVID-19 need an in-depth medical examination. The purpose of the study is to analyze results of the in-depth medical examination of the Kursk region adults in 2022and achievement of the planned indicators. Material and Methods. The analysis is based on data on the in-depth medical examination of the Kursk region adults provided by the Territorial Compulsory Health Insurance Fund of the Kursk region and is implemented by calculating extensive and intensive indicators, indicators of visibility presented in a graphical format (bar charts). The significance of differences in the identified risk factors among residents of the city of Kursk and rural areas of the Kursk region was assessed using the chi-squared test. Results. The study has identified areas with a low coverage with in-depth medical examination, and major risk factors for long COVID in the Kursk region. According to data on the in-depth medical examination, diseases of the circulatory system (1904.90 per 100 thousand examined) lead in the incidence rate. The most numerous health status group is IIIa group, represented by 55.54% of the examined adults. Risk factors identified during the in-depth medical examination (hypercholesterolemia, overweight and obesity, smoking, hyperglycemia, high and very high cardiovascular risk, low physical activity) are significantly higher in patients in the city of Kursk than in those living in rural areas of the Kursk region (p<0.01). Conclusion. Evaluation of the results of the in-depth medical examination is necessary to take organization and management measures to achieve the target indicators of the in-depth medical examination. Internal quality control over all indicators mentioned above in a medical organization and provision of information to the public will contribute to better indicators. Scope of application. The study results can be used by heads of medical organizations, Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention, medical insurance organization and Analytical and Methodological Center for the Regional Healthcare Development of the Kursk State Medical University.

Simulation Trainings Iin Improving Professional Competencies as a Part of Professional Retraining

The publication reflects the results of a study of self-assessment of the level of professional competencies in the field of emergency medical care among persons who have passed the primary specialized accreditation on the basis of Kursk State Medical University. Self-assessment was carried out, among other things, among specialists who completed a simulation course aimed at improving professional competencies in providing medical care in emergency and emergency forms as part of the implementation of additional professional retraining programs.

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ УЧЕБНОГО ПРОЦЕССА В РАМКАХ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ МОДЕЛИ СМЕШАННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ

Abstract. The circumstances of recent years have led to the rapid development of the digitalization of the educational environment. Thus, in modern medical education, the successful application of the blended learning model is noted, which consists in the rational combination of digital and traditional forms of education, using their advantages and minimizing disadvantages. The purpose of this work was to assess the level of digitalization of education at the Department of Microbiology, Virology, Immunology of the Kursk State Medical University, as well as to identify its strengths and weaknesses in order to further adjust the educational process and achieve maximum teaching efficiency. The main source of knowledge at the department for students is the course of lectures, the implementation of which is currently taking place in a remote format based on the cloud-based conference platform Zoom. The advantages of this format of lectures were the absence of restrictions associated with geographical remoteness, comfortable conditions for each conference participant, the opportunity for students to save lecture material, the development of self-education skills among students and an increase in the level of technical literacy among the teaching staff. A significant drawback of distance lectures is the lack of personal contact between the lecturer and the audience and the lack of control of students. In general, the level of preparation of students for practical classes revealed the effectiveness of using the distance lecture format. Preparation for practical classes at the department takes place in a mixed format, which is due to the impossibility of mastering the necessary practical skills by students remotely. Of the electronic elements of the educational process, digital automatic testing based on the Moodle e-learning system is widely used, the main advantage of which is saving the time of the teaching staff, since the mechanism independently processes students' answers and calculates the final result. During the discussion of the topic in practical classes, the teachers of the department demonstrate tables and reference materials on an interactive whiteboard or TV, which eliminates the need for a large amount of poster materials. A powerful tool in the learning process are multimedia aids, which are more visual, accessible and mobile. Thus, we have chosen a vector aimed at using the strengths and weaknesses of traditional and electronic formats, creating a kind of hybrid of them to increase the efficiency of our activities. The study of this aspect is necessary for further improvement in order to achieve greater efficiency.

Neuromorphological studies at the department of histology and embryology of the Kursk State Medical Institute in the XX century

The aim of research was to characterize the subject and object of scientific research by the employees of the department of histology and embryology of the Kursk State Medical Institute in the second half of the XX century and their contribution to the development of ideas about the microscopic structure of the nervous system.Material and methods. The main research methods were source study and historical genetic analysis. As sources of personal and scientific biography, we used the personal files of the employees of the department of histology and embryology, stored in the State Archive of the Kursk Region, as well as collections of their dissertations and published scientific papers from the library of Kursk State Medical University. The article shows the contribution of the representative of the scientific school A.S. Dogel, Doct. Biol. Sci., Professor Z.N. Gorbatsevich, to the formation of the neuromorphological school of the department of histology and embryology of the Kursk State Medical Institute.Results. The article shows the contribution of the representative of the scientific school A.S. Dogel, Doct. Biol. Sci., Professor Z.N. Gorbatsevich, to the formation of the neuromorphological school of the department of histology and embryology of the Kursk State Medical Institute. The results of collaboration of the staff of the department of histology and embryology with the leading neuromorphologists of our country – Professor V.M. Ugryumov, professor V.P. Kurkovsky, professor T.A. Grigorieva and Professor G.A. Koblov. The results of studying the reactions of the immune and nervous systems to the implantation of foreign bodies in the brain are shown; studies of the possibility of regeneration of nervous tissue after ischemia, blood loss and mechanical damage; the development of neuroendocrine research and research into the functions of the hypothalamus using the method of implanted electrodes.

The volunteership as on of trends of medical university functioning

The article considers activities of the Kursk State Medical University directed to organization and development of student volunteer teams. The model of training volunteers in conditions of the university is presented. The necessity of developing altruistic motives of medical students engaged in volunteer activities is substantiated. The organizational motivational model of volunteer training in medical university is presented.

Social project “Igroteka “(from the experience of the volunteer team of the IFC KSMU “Bene facitis”)

The article discusses the experience of general and cultural competencies, which are formed, among other things, within the framework of the social project “Igroteka” on the basis of the Medical and Pharmaceutical College of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kursk State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of Russia. The authors present the experience of a social project in working with children from 3 to 13 years old, the purpose of which is to increase social activity.

Development of the volunteer movement at the Department of Orthopedic Dentistry, Kursk State Medical University

This article discusses the development of the volunteer movement “Smile to the World” at the Department of Orthopedic Dentistry of the Kursk State Medical University. The goals, tasks, methods of work of the detachment are reflected. The work experience of volunteers is analyzed, as well as its influence on the professional and personal growth of students of the Faculty of Dentistry.

Opportunities for students of the medical university in the implementation of volunteer activities for working with children from disadvantaged families

The article discusses the implementation of directions for using the volunteer resource to solve significant problems of modern society. The article presents the results of a sociological study of medical volunteers of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kursk State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of Russia in order to study their attitude to personal participation in volunteer activities”; the experience of the youth club “Vysota” of the Solntsevskaya secondary school of the Solntsevsky district of the Kursk region is presented; the technology “get into a good company” is described, aimed at involving children from disadvantaged families in organizing and holding events together with socially active youth.

ANATOMICAL THEATER OF A MEDICAL UNIVERSITY AS A SOURCE OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING OF A MEDICAL STUDENT

In the article it is reflected the history of the opening of the anatomical theatre of Kursk state medical university and sections of the anatomical museum’s exposition are described in detail. The authors highlight the importance of this university structure not only on students’ education, but also in raising of the younger education. Creation of anatomical theatres was an important stage of anatomy’s formation as a basic medical science. The theatre’s architecture and exhibits are created by traditional methods and innovative technologies.

The type of anxiety and the level of anxiety a predictor of the development of arterial hypertension in women with intensive mental work (profession doctor, teacher)

Abstract Introduction Arterial hypertension (AH) is a risk factor for the development of cardio - and cerebrovascular diseases. The pathogenesis of AH is not fully understood. Of particular interest in the development of AH is chronic stress, its stage 1 – the stage of anxiety. AH and anxiety are related to an imbalance in the autonomic nervous system. The relationship between AH and the level of anxiety among the most vulnerable categories – women with intensive intellectual work, who face acute social stress on a daily basis, remains poorly understood. Aim To establish a link between the level, type of anxiety and the development of AH in women with professions: school teacher, doctor. Methods A random representative sample of 180 women was studied, which were divided into 2 groups of 90 people: 1 group – practicing doctors, 2 group – school teachers. Each group was divided into 2 equal subgroups, according to the presence and absence of AH in the anamnesis. Questionnaires and tests were conducted using the Taylor anxiety scale and the Spielberger-Hanin test. The questionnaire questions related to age, marital status, the presence of children in the family, bad habits, AH, average blood pressure (BP), position, and the need for psychological help. The reliability of the differences between the same indicators of two independent samples was compared by the Mann-Whitney U-test and Wilcoxon. Results The average age of group 1 was 54.4±2.8, in group 2 – 56.1±1.7 years. The highest work experience (33.77±1.94), the level of anxiety – LA (27.66±1.25) and personal anxiety – LPA (51.54±1.48) were observed in group 2, compared with the corresponding indicators of group 1 (25,75±2,92; 22,67±1,82; 44,55±1,38), (p<0.001). Assessing the need for psychological help: more often the persons of the 2 group with AH (51,1%), among them a higher LA, LPA (p<0.0001). The number of children is associated with LA (r=−0.69), LPA (r=−0.36), and the level of situational anxiety – LSA (r=0.63), p<0.001. In group 2, without AH, the number of children in the family was reflected in an increase in systolic and diastolic BP, (r=0.42; 0.35, p<0.001). LPA (50.88±3.38) prevailed in married women with 2 or more children in the family with a senior position, compared to divorced women (LPA 45.4±2.01) without children without of a senior position (p=0.005). LA is closely related to age (r=−0.58, as LPA, r=−0.4) experience (r=−0.61) p<0.001. Conclusions 1. A characteristic type of anxiety for women, regardless of the presence of AH, engaged in highly intellectual stress-related work, is personal anxiety (p<0.001). 2. Personal anxiety is a characteristic reaction to social stress in individuals with AH (statistically significant differences in ULT were registered in subgroups of individuals with AH in groups 1 and 2, compared with individuals without AH (p=0.00017). 3. For women with AH, a direct correlation between LA and LPA is typical (p<0.001). Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Kursk State Medical University (KSMU)

Волонтерская деятельность студентов медицинского вуза в контексте формирования здорового образа жизни

This article considers a motivation of the students to a volunteer activity in the context of nutrition. Key categories of volunteer motivation were explained based on sociological study of the students volunteers joined to project “Hercules” at the Kursk State Medical University.

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ LMS MOODLE ПРИ ПРОВЕДЕНИИ УЧЕБНОЙ ПРАКТИКИ ПО БОТАНИКЕ

Modern higher education (including pharmaceutical) is inextricably linked with the use of new information and communication technologies in the educational process. In the current conditions, the question arose about the implementation of educational programs in accordance with the federal state educational programs of higher education with the help of mixed (hybrid) training, which involves a combination of traditional (full-time) and distance learning. One of the forms of e-learning used as part of hybrid learning is Learning Management Systems (LMS), created on the basis of Internet technologies. LMS MOODLE is most often used in Russian universities. At Kursk State Medical University, the LMS MOODLE system has been actively used for many years as a platform for distance learning in the organization of continuing medical education courses. At the Faculty of Pharmacy, LMS MOODLE was used in organizing and conducting training practices in botany. To organize and conduct practical training in the LMS MOODLE system, a training course «Educational field practice in botany» was created. For each day, separate sections were organized, in which the necessary information for students was placed. In general, the following LMS MOODLE elements were used to create a training course on educational practice: «SCORM Package», «Test», «Task», «Hyperlink», «File», «Folder», «Forum», «Chat». Analysis of the use of LMS MOODLE showed that this system can be used quite successfully for the organization of the educational process as an element of e-learning and allows you to control the assimilation of educational material.

ЭМПИРИЧЕСКАЯ ТИПОЛОГИЯ ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛЕЙ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ВУЗА ПО УРОВНЮ ИНТЕЛЛИГЕНТНОСТИ

There is no doubt that the level of intelligentness of a higher school teacher, his image and professionalism form the basis of the effectiveness of the educational process. Meanwhile, the real situation with these basic criteria in the modern university educational space today remains one of the least popular plots of psychological and pedagogical nonfiction despite the creation and very productive activities of departments, research institutes and even the Academies of imageology, intelligentness science and standing, probably, in the same row with them cosmorealism (!). The effectiveness of these institutions activities will be sometime inevitably checked by the merciless time, but already now, when almost 63% of university teachers qualify the evolving tendency of their own community today as stagnation and even regress, the objective socio-cultural and individual-personal characteristics of the modern generation of teachers seem especially relevant. As shown by experience, the most reliable method of this kind of psychodiagnostics is the personal self-assessment of teachers conducted in the conditions of absolute anonymity. The purpose of the present study was an empirical attempt to determine the level of intelligentness of the modern generation of medical higher school teachers using self-assessing sociocultural and individual-personal criteria based on the traditional ideas of individual qualities and intellectual needs of a higher school teacher. It was based on the results of an anonymous self-assessment questionnaire survey of 355 teachers from 13 faculties of the Kursk State Medical University (KSMU). Personal analysis of an anonymous questionnaire made it possible to identify three suppositive (high, medium and low) levels of intelligentness, according to two interrelated aspects - the content and the formalized (point scoring) ones. The results obtained in numerical terms produce a completely depressing impression. A high level of intelligence, corresponding to its traditional classical criteria, was 19.1%, medium - 39.7% and low - 41.2% with a clear, more than double prevalence of individuals with a high level of intelligentness in the group of teachers of clinical disciplines in senior courses. The results of the survey and generalizations made on their basis unequivocally indicate a really existing social problem with the staff in the field of university education, which has a significant negative impact on the quality of professional training of future graduates.