Krueng Aceh Research Articles

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON AQUIFER IDENTIFICATION BASED ON GEO-ELECTRICAL DATA IN BANDA ACEH, INDONESIA

The aquifers exploration has been conducted at the western part of Banda Aceh, Indonesia. This research aims to explore the aquifer layer beneath the surface and to obtain the cross-section model of the aquifer. The Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) method was applied to investigate the aquifer layer. The VES method worked as the current penetrated into the ground using of two electrodes and the potential response due to its current being measured by another two electrodes. Ten grid points of VES has performed in western part of Krueng Aceh of Banda Aceh using the ARES (Automatic Resistivity Meter). The Res1Dinv and curve matching computer software used in VES data processing and analysis. The result shows the resistivity value of aquifer in Banda Aceh city at the range of 1 – 12 Ωm for freshwater, and 0.1 – 0.6 for brackish water layer. The first aquifer (water table) found at a depth of 0.5 to 2 meters beneath the surface. The 2-meters water table mostly located near the coastal zone or downstream zone of Krueng Aceh basin and shallow depth of 0.5 meters on the upstream. More than one aquifer layers were found beneath the surface, they were separated by aquitard layer consisting of silt to clay layers.

ANALISIS NERACA AIR LAHAN DI SUB DAS KRUENG JREUE KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR

Krueng Aceh River Basin area (Krueng Jreue Sub-watershed) is a critical watershed, including a priority basin I of 23,218.06 ha. The research was conducted in Krueng Aceh River Basin (DAS), Krueng Jreue Sub-district of Aceh Besar. The study was conducted from December 2015 to February 2016. The research used Descriptive method with field survey and analysis in labotarium. This study aims to analyze the water balance of land in Krueng Jreue Sub-watershed. The methods used in the calculation of the water balance are Thornthwaite & Mather (1957). The results showed that the average water availability in Krueng Jreue Sub-watersheds on the highest land use varieties was found in November and the lowest in July. The rainfall surplus occurred from October to April (7 months) and the deficit occurred from May to September (5 months). In various types of land use, ground water averages are quite available from October to May (8 months), while less available in June until September (4 months). The highest percentage of groundwater was found in the primary forest (47.20%), while the lowest was in the bush (36.36%)

PEMANFAATAN DAN PENATAAN RUANG TEPI SUNGAI KRUENG ACEH KOTA BANDA ACEH

Krueng Aceh River which is flow passes the center of Banda Aceh city. Krueng Aceh River become an integral part for the growth and development of Banda Aceh City, which has a strategic role in support urban activity and has enormous beauty potential in shaping image of the city and improving the quality of open space in Banda Aceh City. Krueng Aceh river is an element of public spaces that can be a basis for development of waterfront city. In arrangement and development of riverside as waterfront city area is not running maximally and worried not accordance with the direction from Spatial Plan. The utilization of the space on the Krueng Aceh River is not well organized and maximal. This research purpose is to identify how to utilize the space of waterfront area of Krueng Aceh river on the Spatial plan of Banda Aceh City in 2009-2029, formulate a structuring optimization strategy and development of waterfront area of Krueng Aceh river as the waterfront city area of Banda Aceh. Method used is descriptive method with combination research approach (mixed method) where the qualitative data supported by quantitative data processing. Method used to measurement is Likert Scale also data analysis by SWOT analysis on the primary and secondary data. Results of SWOT analysis obtained three alternative strategies which are: 1) Issuing regulation in form of local regulation as derivative from the Spatial Plan of Banda Aceh City in 2009-2029 which reinforces riverside function of Krueng Aceh River to become waterfront area and implement it as guidelines and consequent, 2) Optimize the utilization of space on waterfront area of Krueng Aceh area by arranging and developing the area, 3) Improve management and control in arrangement and developing waterfront area of Krueng Aceh river.

PEMANFAATAN DAN PENATAAN RUANG PUBLIK TEPI PANTAI ULEE LHEUE KOTA BANDA ACEH

One of the growing areas of Banda Aceh city as a public space is the coast of the Ulee Lheue beach. This corresponds with the Spatial Plan of Banda Aceh city in 2009-2029 clauses 58, which are: wheres explained that development of tourists area and public spaces directed to the former area of normalization of Krueng Aceh (Pante Riek and Lambhuk) and Ulee Lheue. This research aims to review the utilization of Ulee Lheue coast as public space and the optimization of the arrangement. The research method used is a descriptive method with mixed method approach. Data collections are done by observation, questionnaire, and interview. A sample selected with random sampling technique based on Slovin equation. Questionnaire uses a Likert scale. Validity and reliability test are used Microsoft Excel. Then conduct SWOT analysis. The results of the research show that Coastal of Ulee Lheu beach has a strategic role in shaping the face of tourism city of Banda Aceh city but still not managed optimally. Improvement of Ulee Lheue coastal function can be done by rearranging the physical area and its management by complete supporting facilities and infrastructure and also disciplinary maintenance so in accordance with its designation as tourism area and public space.

The Susceptibility of Seawater Intrusion Based on Resistivity at Banda Aceh City, Indonesia

The research has been conducted to analyze the susceptibility of seawater intrusion based on resistivity values in Banda Aceh city. In geomorphology, the mainland Banda Aceh extend to southeast (around Krueng Aceh River) in Aceh Besar district (western and eastern coastal areas) and Pidie district. This research aimed to determine the lithology of susceptibility of seawater intrusion areas by using 2D resistivity Wenner-Schlumberger configuration. This method is also used to interpret the subsurface layer structure of susceptibility of seawater intrusion in Banda Aceh with five measurement lines. The results in this research showed that the resistivity value of susceptibility of seawater intrusion in the research area is below 1.45 Ωm with intrusion depth varies from 0 to 34,1 meters. Based on the analysis and interpretation data, the subsurface structure of the region composed of clayey sand, sandy clay and clay that spreads laterally. The deployment of seawater intrusion occurs at the northern part of Banda Aceh directly related to the coastal area.

The numerical model of the sediment distribution pattern at Lampulo National fisheries port

The spatial distribution of sediment pattern was studied at Lampulo Fisheries Port, Krueng Aceh estuarial area, Banda Aceh. The research was conducted using the numerical model of wave-induced currents at shallow water area. The study aims to understand how waves and currents react to the pattern of sediment distribution around the beach structure in that region. The study demonstrated that the port pool area had no sedimentation and erosion occurred because the port was protected by the jetty as the breakwater to defend the incoming waves toward the pool. The protected pool created a weak current circulation to distribute the sediments. On the other hand, the sediments were heavily distributed along the beach due to the existence of longshore currents near the shoreline (outside the port pool area). Meanwhile, at the estuarial area, the incoming fresh water flow responded to the coastal shallow water currents, generating Eddy-like flow at the mouth of the river.

Water Footprint Analysis In Krueng Aceh Watershed, Aceh Province, Indonesia

Water is one the most important natural resources to maintain human life and all other living things in the earth. Around 65% water were consumed for drinking purpose, while others were used for daily needs. The increasing amount of work on water use and scarcity in relation to consumption and trade has led to the emergence of the field of Water Footprint (WF). Climate change, rural development, world population growth and industrialization have placed considerable stress on the local availability of water resources. Thus, it is necessary to perform study in order to analyze water demands and supply for sustainable water availability. Recently, water footprint analysis has been widely draw attention to the scientists and engineers. The water footprint analysis is closely related with virtual water from which it is defined as total water volume used for consumption and trade. The main aim of this present study is to analyze and assess the total water requirement based on community water footprint in Krueng Aceh watershed area. The virtual water used in this study are dominant consumption food commodities. The result shows that water footprint per capita in Krueng Aceh watershed area was 674.52 m3/year. Water footprint for rural and urban population were 608.27 m3/year and 740.77 m3/year respectively. The WF of food consumption in urban area of Krueng Aceh watershed is 690.74 m3 / capita / year and 584.22 m3/capita/year or average 625.69 m3/capita/year, while for non-food, the WF per capita is 24.05 m3/year in rural or 32.46% of the total water footprint. Non-food consumption per capita in Krueng Aceh and in urban areas is 50.03 m3/year or 67.53%. The total water demand based on the water footprint is 378,906,655.05 m3 in 2015 which is consumed by most of residents in the Krueng Aceh watershed area. Furthermore, total WF in rural and urban area are 193,489,128.95 m3 and 185,417,526.10 m3 respectively.

PENGARUH KEDALAMAN KOLEKTOR TERHADAP PENEMPELAN SPAT TIRAM (Crassostrea sp.)

The research was conducted on January 2011 for fourteen days in Krueng Cut River Aceh Besar District. The objective of this study was to determine the effective depth of oyster spats attachment. It used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatment and 3 replication for each treatment and used asbestor as the collector. The collectors depth for A, B, C and D treathment were 30 cm, 60 cm, 90 cm, and 120 cm respectively that measured from the water substrate. Data was analysed by MANOVA (Multivariate Analysis of Variance) used SPSS 17.0. The result showed that the averages of oyster spats attatchment were 86, 98, 35 and 6, respectively. There is tendency that depth collector could affect oyster spats attatchment.

Operation Planning Reservoir with Linear Programming Optimization Model for Water Demand of the Community In Aceh Besar District

On the condition before building a dam, Aceh Besar district often a shortage of water for the needs of the community, so that people difficulty in doing their activities. There is a river in the Aceh Besar district named “Keuliling River”. The river is one of the watershed sub-basins of Krueng Aceh which has large enough potential of water to increase the supply of raw water in order to meet the water needs of the Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar district.Therefore, a reservoir building was built that able to acomodate a large capacity of water. The resorvoir was named “Keuliling Reservoir”. “Reservoir Keuliling” has 38.20 km2 watershed areas, 259.94 hectares wide puddle on Normal Water Front (MAN), a total of 18,359,078 m3 bin normal water level at an elevation of 45.80 m and has an effective pitcher of 12.99,208 m3. The reservoir also serves as a provider of raw water for the development of inland fisheries, livestock, rice fields and others. The greatest needs are to be served by the reservoir is water requirement for paddy planting season Rendeng in October to December and the gadu growing season from April to June. To meet all these requirements then performed the planning operation of reservoir. Ie, by optimizing the volume of water storage at the end of the month through the optimization of the use of inflow data and outflow data. The optimization performed with optimization models Linear Programming. The results of the optimization is the volume of water in reservoirs that have large water needs, which in October is 13,380,986 m3, in November is 76,640,036 m3 and in December is 38,104,116 m3. Where in each month of the above conditions are still effective volume reservoirs at 12,992,080 m3. The results showed that from month to month never happened reservoir conditions at the level of the dead reservoirs, this illustrates that Keuliling reservoir can meet the water needs of the community.

Response of Some Rice Cultivars in New Opening Paddy Fields with High Fe2+ Using Multi-packet Technology

The main obstacle to increase rice yield in new opening paddy fields, is that high levels of dissolved ferrous ions(Fe2+) which toxic to plants. This research aimed to study the growth and yield of several rice cultivars tolerant toFe2+ in the new opening paddy fields with multi-packet technology. The experiment was conducted from April toDecember 2010, at the new opening pay fields in Koto Baru of Dharmasraya District, West Sumatra. Experimentsused a factorial in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The first factor was, selected ricevarieties which were: Krueng Aceh; IR 36; Tukad Balian; Ciherang; and Cisokan. The second factor was thedifferent plant spacing which were a 30 × 30 cm with two seeds per hole, and Plant spacing (10 × 10) × 30 × (10 × 10)cm with one seed per hole. The rice cultivation with packet technology can improved the growth and yield of paddyrice cultivated in new opening paddy field high in Fe2+. Technology package consisting a combination of ricevariety (Krueng Aceh, IR36, and Tukad Balian) + SRI system + peat amelioran 20 Mg ha-1 + plant spacing (10 × 10)× 30 × (10 × 10) cm with one seed per hole, had the best growth and yield of rice cultivated in the new opening fieldshigh in Fe2+, especially in Koto Baru of Dharmasraya District, Krueng Aceh was a variety with the highest grain production by 5.65 Mg ha-1.Keywords: Fe2+; new fields; rice cultivar; technology[How to Cite: Utama MZH, I Wahidi and Sunadi. 2012. Response of Some Rice Cultivars in New Opening Paddy Fields with High Fe2+ Using Multi-packet Technology. J Trop Soils, 17 (3) : 234-244. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.239][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.239]

Using Selected Structural Indices to Pinpoint the Field Moisture Capacity of Some Coarse-Textured Agricultural Soils in Southeastern Nigeria

The main obstacle to increase rice yield in new opening paddy fields, is that high levels of dissolved ferrous ions (Fe2+) which toxic to plants. This research aimed to study the growth and yield of several rice cultivars tolerant to Fe2+ in the new opening paddy fields with multi-packet technology. The experiment was conducted from April to December 2010, at the new opening pay fields in Koto Baru of Dharmasraya District, West Sumatra. Experiments used a factorial in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The first factor was, selected rice varieties which were: Krueng Aceh; IR 36; Tukad Balian; Ciherang; and Cisokan. The second factor was the different plant spacing which were a 30 × 30 cm with two seeds per hole, and Plant spacing (10 × 10) × 30 × (10 × 10) cm with one seed per hole. The rice cultivation with packet technology can improved the growth and yield of paddy rice cultivated in new opening paddy field high in Fe2+. Technology package consisting a combination of rice variety (Krueng Aceh, IR36, and Tukad Balian) + SRI system + peat amelioran 20 Mg ha-1 + plant spacing (10 × 10) × 30 × (10 × 10) cm with one seed per hole, had the best growth and yield of rice cultivated in the new opening fields high in Fe2+, especially in Koto Baru of Dharmasraya District, Krueng Aceh was a variety with the highest grain production by 5.65 Mg ha-1. Keywords: Fe2+; new fields; rice cultivar; technology [How to Cite: Utama MZH, I Wahidi and Sunadi. 2012. Response of Some Rice Cultivars in New Opening Paddy Fields with High Fe2+ Using Multi-packet Technology. J Trop Soils , 17 (3) : 234-244. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.239] [Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.239 ]

GEOLOGI ALUVIUM DAN KARAKTER ENDAPAN PANTAI/PEMATANG PANTAI DI LEMBAH KRUENG ACEH, ACEH BESAR (PROV. NAD)

The alluvium in the Krueng Aceh valley, suggests that it is deposited in floodbasin, fluvial system, transition, and linier clastic environments. The linier clastic enviroments consists of offshore (Fellp), nearshore (Fedp), beach/ beach-ridge (Fep/ Fepp), and marsh deposits. The research was carried out by surface geological mapping and analysed sedimentology and stratigraphy of ten boreholes trending west-east to southwest and west-east to south. Depths of the boreholes varies from 2.30 to 10 m at elevation of + 0.90 - + 10 m above sea level. Based on correlation of sedimentary environment in the linier clatic environment,sea level changes can be divided into three cycles that were controlled by active tectonic of the Seulimeum fault respectively. Keywords: sedimentology, stratigraphy, alluvium

BIODIVERSITY, DISTRIBUTION, AND ABUNDANCE OF THE TROPICAL ANGUILLID EELS IN THE INDONESIAN WATERS

In order to understand biodiversity, distribution, and abundance among the tropical anguillid eels in the Indonesian waters, inshore migration mechanism of the juvenile anguillid eel (glass eel) to the estuaries of western, central, and eastern region of Indonesian waters were examined using both morphology and genetic analyses. A total of 9 species/sub species of anguillid eels (Anguilla bicolor bicolor, A. nebulosa nebulosa, A. bicolor pacifica, A. interioris, A. borneensis, A. celebesensis, A. marinorata, A. obscura and A. megastoma) were recognized to recruit at the mouth of 15 rivers through Indonesian archipelago. Species/subspecies diversity and distribution of recruiting juveniles differs in the estuaries of each region. In the western region that represented by estuary of Krueng Aceh, Batang Antokan, Air Kertaun, Cibaliung, Citanduy, Progo, and Pacitan Rivers, three species and sub species (A. bicolor bicolor, A. nebulosa nebulosa and A. bicolor pacifica) were found. In the central region that represented by estuary of Mahakam, Palu, Dumoga, Poigar, Bone, and Poso Rivers, five species and sub species (A. borneensis, A. celebesensis, A. marinorata, A. bicolor pacilica and A. interioris) were found. In the eastern region that represented by estuary of Akelamo and Pami Rivers, four species (A. marinorata, A. interioris, A. obscura and A. megastoma) were found. During the 6 months investigation from May to October 2005, abundance of the juveniles was higher in the central region compared with western and eastern regions. These results were suggested that inshore migration mechanism of tropical anguillid eels recruiting in tropical estuaries of Indonesian waters differs among regions.

Shallow shear-wave reflection seismics in the tsunami struck Krueng Aceh River Basin, Sumatra

Abstract. As part of the project "Management of Georisk" (MANGEONAD) of the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Hanover, high resolution shallow shear-wave reflection seismics was applied in the Indonesian province Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, North Sumatra in cooperation with the Government of Indonesia, local counterparts, and the Leibniz Institute for Applied Geosciences, Hanover. The investigations were expected to support classification of earthquake site effects for the reconstruction of buildings and infrastructure as well as for groundwater exploration. The study focussed on the city of Banda Aceh and the surroundings of Aceh Besar. The shear-wave seismic surveys were done parallel to standard geoengineering investigations like cone penetrometer tests to support subsequent site specific statistical calibration. They were also partly supplemented by shallow p-wave seismics for the identification of (a) elastic subsurface parameters and (b) zones with abundance of groundwater. Evaluation of seismic site effects based on shallow reflection seismics has in fact been found to be a highly useful method in Aceh province. In particular, use of a vibratory seismic source was essential for successful application of shear-wave seismics in the city of Banda Aceh and in areas with compacted ground like on farm tracks in the surroundings, presenting mostly agricultural land use areas. We thus were able to explore the mechanical stiffness of the subsurface down to 100 m depth, occasionally even deeper, with remarkably high resolution. The results were transferred into geotechnical site classification in terms of the International Building Code (IBC, 2003). The seismic images give also insights into the history of the basin sedimentation processes of the Krueng Aceh River delta, which is relevant for the exploration of new areas for construction of safe foundations of buildings and for identification of fresh water aquifers in the tsunami flooded region.

Near-shore current analysis around Krueng Aceh river mouth, Indonesia

The construction of the floodway of Krueng Aceh river mouth in Indonesia decreases the discharge of the river leading to develop a sand spit at the mouth. The sand spit in turn causes river mouth clogging and troubles in navigation. Nears hore current field near the mouth has complex distribution due to complexity of the topography near the mouth. In this paper, the wave deformation and near-shore current to evaluate sedimentation near the mouth was analyzed by means of datacollection, interview and field reconnaissance.

Methane emissions from paddy fields in Bali Island, Indonesia

Methane emission rates from plots with and without fertilizer and rice straw application, and growth of two rice varieties (an improved variety, IR74 or IR64, and a local variety, Krueng Aceh) in two Indonesian paddy fields (Inceptisol and Alfisol soils of volcanic ash origin) were measured every week throughout the growth period in the first and the second cropping seasons, 1994. The CH4 emission rates from the fields were similar between the two varieties. The effect of chemical fertilizer on the increase of the emissions was observed only in the Tabanan paddy field for the plots treated with rice straw. Application of rice straw increased the CH4 emission rates. The mean rates of CH4 emission were 1.37-2.13 mg CH4−C m−2 h−1 for the plots without rice straw and 2.14–3.62 mg CH4−C m−2 h−1 for the plots with rice straw application in the Alfisol plots, and 2.32–3.32 mg CH4 -C m-2 h-1 for the plots without rice straw and 4.18–6.35 mg CH4−C m−2 h−1 for the plots with rice straw application in the Inceptisol plots, respectively. Total amounts of CH4 emitted during the growth period were 3.9–6.8 and 2.6–3.3 g CH4−C m−2 for the Alfisol plots and 6.9–10.7 and 4.2–5.8 g CH4−C m−2 for the Inceptisol plots with and without rice straw application, respectively. These findings suggested that CH4 emission from tropical paddy fields with soils of volcanic ash origin is low.