Policy In Korea Research Articles

The Political Economy of Minimum Wage Policies in South Korea and Taiwan: Decision-Making under Strong versus Weak Partisanship

This study conducts a systemic comparison of minimum wage decision-making in Korea and Taiwan. It demonstrates that Korea’s big-business-dominated economy builds confrontational labour–business relations to be exploited by political parties, resulting in partisan decisions on the minimum wage, to a greater extent than Taiwan’s more mixed economy. A large social divide based on the economic structure translates into a substantial partisan difference in minimum wage policies, when endorsed by the unique features of the minimum wage issue and carried out through the agents of the tripartite commission. As seen from the outcomes, a marked difference exists between Korea and Taiwan: Korea shows a dramatic fluctuation in annual minimum-wage increases, whereas Taiwan’s increases remain stable across different governments. Korean governments actively respond to their core constituencies, whether labour or business, while Taiwan governments seek to strike a balance.

P05-010-23 Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax Policy in South Korea: A Simulation Study

P05-010-23 Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax Policy in South Korea: A Simulation Study

우리나라 중소기업지원정책의 효과에 대한 메타연구

우리나라 중소기업지원정책의 효과에 대한 메타연구

Status and Challenges of Implementing Tobacco Control Policies in Korea: Focus on WHO MPOWER Measures

Status and Challenges of Implementing Tobacco Control Policies in Korea: Focus on WHO MPOWER Measures

A Study on the Prediction of Demand for Sustainable Growth of “National Physical Fitness 100” Policy in Korea

The purpose of this study is to secure basic data for forecasting demand for new sports public services and to provide basic data on policy strategies for introducing new sports public services. This is achieved by predicting demand for the project using the Bass model, exponential smoothing method, and qualitative Delphi method. First, analysis of the demand for “National Physical Fitness 100” from the Bass model showed that the innovation coefficient was relatively low (0.029) compared to other physical fitness centers and that the initial service spread rate was slow. However, it was found that the imitation coefficient (0.332) was relatively high, the q/p value (11.45) was large, and that demand gradually increased. Secondly, the demand forecast based on the exponential smoothing method appeared more rapidly than in the Bass model. This is because the exponential smoothing method determines an exponential smoothing coefficient, which is an inclination value of the regression line, by the rate of change of existing data. Therefore, stable demand based on the exponential smoothing coefficient can be predicted and used as a basis for the initial demand forecast. Finally, the result predicted by the National Physical Fitness 100 expert Delphi method increased significantly in 2020 but has since become a gentle straight line. This can be interpreted as an expectation for an infrastructure expansion plan such as human resources and facilities, as the national physical fitness budget for 100 operations was to increase in 2020. The Bass model, the exponential smoothing method, and the Delphi method used in the research can thus confirm how the forecast results of the demand for National Physical Fitness 100 are spread by period. This can contribute to the policy decision-making process for efficient government budget management and effectively meeting social needs, as demand by period can be predicted over time from the point of introduction of the service.

미국 보험법상 고지의무에 관한 연구

The duty of disclosure became a doctrine of insurance contracts in 1766 with the decision in Carter v. Boehm and was codified in the U.K. Marine Insurance Act(MIA) of 1906. Since then, insurance laws in every country have provided provisions for the duty of disclosure. The specifics of the duty of disclosure have evolved over time as the interpretation of good faith in insurance contracts and the need to address moral hazard in underwriting have changed from country to country and era to era. Today, however, the duty of disclosure continues to be debated in every country, and the United States is no exception.
 The United States dutifully followed English law in the early years of its founding. Over the centuries, it has become part of Anglo-American law. However, it has also developed a significant amount of its law based on the needs and unique circumstances of American society. Insurance law in the United States is no different. Currently, U.S. state laws and regulations on the duty of disclosure differ from the U.K. laws, which were amended in 2012 and 2015. In addition, insurance laws and precedents are often different in each state in the United States. British laws and regulations on the duty of disclosure have been steadily and continuously introduced in Korea. However, it seems that no article in Korea provides a detailed introduction to the laws and regulations on the duty of disclosure in the United States. Although Korean insurance law belongs to the civil law system, the laws on the duty of disclosure rely very little on the difference in the law system. Today, the U.S. insurance industry has the most influence on the global insurance industry. In addition, some insurance policies in Korea still use English insurance policies used in the United States. In light of these facts, the laws and regulations of the United States may have implications for revising or interpreting the Korean insurance law.
 A thorough understanding of the laws on the duty of disclosure requires a complete understanding of the unique landscape of U.S. law. It also requires a deep understanding of the various systems and doctrines that are historical deposits of more than 170 years of U.S. insurance law. In this article, it would only be possible to present some 50 states' laws and cases on the duty of disclosure. Therefore, this paper is limited to summarizing the issues common to each state. The author will provide a more detailed discussion of U.S. laws and cases by studying each issue.

통일미래 준비를 위한 남북 재해재난 협력 방안 연구

Due to the increased variability of climate change, not only the types of disasters and occur on a complex and large scale, but also the survival itself is threatened due to enormous damage as geographical boundaries disappear. In the case of the Korean Peninsula, damage from natural disasters is increasing, and the risk of complex disasters is increasing. Even if US-North Korea denuclearization negotiations are suspended and inter-Korean relations deteriorate, the need for inter-Korean disaster relief cooperation does not diminish. On the other hand, the Yoon Seok-yeol government is also presenting ‘establishing a climate and environmental community on the Korean Peninsula through inter-Korean Green-detente’ as one of the key tasks for unification and North Korea policy through the 「Audacious Initiative」. Considering these points, the purpose of this study is to draw implications through case studies by type of inter-Korean disaster cooperation, and to present inter-Korean disaster cooperation plans based on this. It is hoped that the continuity and implementation of inter-Korean disaster cooperation will increase in the future, and this will become the cornerstone for preparing for the future of unification.

분단 이후 한반도 통일정책 및 통일담론에 관한 고찰

The purpose of this study is to examine various discourses and measures for unification after the division of the Korean Peninsula. Based on this, this study seeks to explore the unification discourse and unification measures on the Korean Peninsula that we should pursue. After discussing the meaning and correlation of unification policy, North Korea policy, and unification discourse, this study examined how the discourse on unification in Korean society developed. As a result, the focus changed depending on the government, but it was promoted in a complex manner. It is not completely neglecting other issues. Therefore, in this study, it was suggested that the new theory of unification aims for the “parallel” of unification and peace, not the “first and Later”.

People see what they want to see: an EEG study.

This study explored selective exposure and confirmation bias in the choices participants made about which political videos to watch, and whether their political positions changed after they watched videos that either agreed with or opposed their positions on two controversial issues in South Korea: North Korea policy and social welfare policy. The participants completed questionnaires before and after they watched the videos, were asked to select thumbnails of videos before they watched any, and had their brain wave activity measured through electroencephalogram (EEG) as they watched both types of videos. The participants demonstrated selective exposure as they primarily selected video thumbnails with content that matched their political orientations, and they demonstrated confirmation bias as their questionnaire responses after they watched the videos indicated that their positions had hardened. There were also statistically significant differences in alpha, beta, sensory motor rhythm, low beta, mid beta, and fast alpha activity depending on the political orientation consistency between the participants and the videos. Future studies could expand this line of research beyond college students and beyond Asia, and longitudinal work could also be conducted to determine if the obtained patterns remain constant over time.

CULTURAL POLICY IN SOUTH KOREA. MAKING A NEW PATRON STATE. РЕЦЕНЗИЯ НА КНИГУ АВТОРА ХЕ ГЕН ЛИ

The book review «Cultural Policy in South Korea: Making a New Patron State» by Dr. Hye-Kyung Lee presents a comprehensive analysis of the development and evolution of South Korea's cultural policy. The book explores a broad range of historical and social contexts, from the influence of the colonial past on the formation of modern cultural policy to the implications of neoliberal reforms for cultural industries and the cultural phenomenon known as the Korean Wave. The author analyses the dynamics between the state, culture, and society, identifying the specificity of the Korean approach to cultural policy and defining it as a new patron state. Hye-Kyung Lee highlights not only the successful development of South Korea's cultural industries but also points out potential problems and complexities caused by centralization and neoliberal socialization

The effectiveness of the appropriate prophylactic antibiotic use program for surgery

Background: Evaluation of the adequacy of prophylactic antibiotics in surgery has been implemented as a national policy in Korea since August 2007, and the appropriate use of prophylactic antibiotics has improved. However, antibiotic prescriptions that are not recommended or discontinuation of prophylactic antibiotic administration within 24 hours after surgery are still not well done. This study introduced a program to improve the adequacy of prophylactic antibiotics for surgery and analyzed its effects. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the effectiveness of the appropriate prophylactic antibiotic use program for surgery conducted at a university hospital in Seoul. The participants were patients aged ≥18 years who underwent any of 18 types of surgery. The program started was implemented in June 2020. First, a computer system was used to confirm the antibiotic prescription recommended for each surgery. It also assessed whether the number of days of administration was exceeded, whether antibiotics were prescribed in combination, and whether antibiotics prescribed for discharge medicine were checked in 4 steps. A pop-up window appeared in each patient record to enter the reason for the prescription. If the reason was appropriate, the prescription was allowed, but if not, the prescription was restricted. In addition, infectious diseases physicians and an insurance review team visited each department to conduct an education session. To analyze the effect 3 months before activity (January–March 2020) and 3 months after activity (October–December 2020), we compared the first antibiotic administration rate within 1 hour prior to skin incision, the recommended prophylactic antibiotic administration rate, and surgery type. The rate of discontinuation of prophylactic antibiotics within 24 hours after administration and the rate of prescription of prophylactic antibiotics at discharge were compared. Results: In total, 1,339 surgeries during the study period were included in the analysis. There were 695 cases before the introduction of the program and 644 cases after the introduction. The rate of first antibiotic use within 1 hour prior to skin incision was 93.1%–99.5% (P < .001), the rate of recommended prophylactic antibiotic administration was 85.0%–99.2% (P < .001), and the rate of discontinuation of antibiotic administration within 24 hours after surgery improved from 51.8% to 98.3% (P < .001), respectively. The prescription rate of antibiotics at discharge improved from 20.7% to 0.8% (P <.001) (Table 1). Conclusions: A computerized program to improve the adequacy of prophylactic antibiotic use in surgery combined with education of medical staff was very effective.Disclosure: None

Cooperation on Transboundary Fine Dust: Revisiting Korea's Prudential Environmental Diplomacy Toward China and Its Policy Effectiveness

Abstract: In this article, I investigate Korea's prudential environmental diplomacy with China regarding transboundary fine dust pollution from the perspective of Korea's disadvantageous position vis-à-vis China due to the ambiguity of pollution responsibilities and geopolitical constraints. Against this backdrop, Korea has tactically exercised prudential environmental diplomacy toward China in dual tracks. First, it has taken a "high-profile" stance in engaging with and socializing China into bilateral and multilateral frameworks and endeavors to align its environmental interests with those of China via scientific and technological cooperation. Second, Korea has undertaken a cautious procedure and is not pressuring China by pursuing legal-binding approaches immediately. I see a "mixed success" of Korea's environmental engagement with China and appraise Korea's policy flexibility and pragmatism.

Which direction for sustainable development? A time series comparison of the impacts of redistributive versus market policies in Bolivia and South Korea

AbstractThis article examines two major policy frameworks for achieving sustainable development: the market‐based ‘Green Economy’ approach (exemplified by South Korea), and the redistributive ‘Living Well’ approach (exemplified by Bolivia). We compare the two paradigms in qualitative terms using document analysis, and we assess quantitatively how they have fared in terms of delivering progress towards sustainable development in each country. Time series data for the Sustainable Development Index and the Gini index were examined. The results show that, since ‘Living Well’ was initiated, social outcomes have continued to improve in Bolivia and, while emissions and material footprint have increased, they remain low and within or near sustainable boundaries. By contrast, South Korea has regressed in terms of sustainability. Social indicators have improved, but the Green Economy policy has failed to reduce ecological pressures. This raises significant questions about the legitimacy of the Green Economy paradigm as a model for achieving sustainable development.

네비우스 선교정책의 한국 전래와 실천적 의의

한국교회는 세계 개신교 역사상 단기간에 유래 없는 부흥과 발전을 이룩한 교회 로 잘 알려져 있다. 한국교회의 부흥과 발전에는 많은 요소가 있을 것으로 보이지만 그 가운데 하나로 네비우스 선교정책의 수용을 언급하지 않을 수 없을 것이다. 이런 점을 의식하는 가운데 과연 네비우스 선교정책이 한국교회의 형성과 한국교회의 실천 적 현장에 어떤 영향을 미쳤는지를 살펴보기를 원한다. 1884년 한국에 의료 선교사로 입국한 알렌(Horace N. Allen)을 필두로 한국 개신 교 선교사들이 계속 입국하여 선교활동을 시작하던 초기 10년 이내인 1890년 존 리빙 스턴 네비우스(John L. Nevius) 선교사가 방한하여 그의 선교정책을 한국선교사들에 게 소개한 일은 대단히 중요한 일이었다. 본 논문은 네비우스 선교사의 선교정책이 한국에 수용되는 과정을 통해 문화의 교류를 살피고 그 선교정책이 특히 한국의 상황 에 실천적인 방면에서 어떤 중요한 영향을 미쳤는지를 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 우리는 먼저 네비우스의 교육배경과 옛 방법과 새 방법을 통한 중국선교활동, 네비우스의 선교신학, 네비우스 선교정책에 대한 장로교공의회(the Presbyterian Council)의 수용에 대해 다루고자 한다. 그 수용을 다루면서 수용의 과정과 실천적 의의를 살피 고자 한다. 실천적 의의에 있어서 특히 중하층민 중심의 선교, 삼자원칙에 의한 교회 운영, 한국교회의 사경회의 활성화 등에 대해 언급하고자 한다. 결론에서는 네비우스 선교정책의 수용의 결과에 대한 여러 논의를 개략적으로 평가하면서 마무리하고자 한다.

Sejong's Effects on People's Health: Consequences of a Long Commute

Abstract We examine the health impacts of long commute time by exploiting a large-scale placed-based policy in South Korea. The policy relocated public employers in the capital area to disadvantaged cities. However, some public employees kept their residences in the capital area and spend long hours commuting. Using this change, we estimate two-stage least squares models whose results suggest that having a long commute substantially increases usage of medical services, particularly to treat respiratory, circulatory, and endocrine and metabolic diseases. However, we find mixed effects of long commute time on medical checkup outcomes and health-related activities such as exercise.

The Effects of Responsibility Frames and Stigmatizing Headlines in News on Support for COVID-19 Policies in Korea

ABSTRACT This study examined the mechanisms through which responsibility frames and stigmatizing headlines influence support for governmental policies to address the pandemic. Based on a factorial design experiment, we examined the effects of 2 responsibility frames (individual vs. societal responsibility) and 4 headline types (non-stigmatized vs. name-stigmatized vs. characteristic-stigmatized vs. both-stigmatized). The results showed that the individual responsibility frame increased individual attribution of responsibility for the cause and spread of COVID-19 whereas reducing societal attribution of responsibility, compared to the societal responsibility frame. The headline that detailed both the stigmatized characteristic and name increased individual attribution of responsibility compared to the non-stigmatized headline. Furthermore, the effects of frames and headline types on policy support were sequentially mediated by attribution of responsibility and emotions. Individual attribution of responsibility led to anger whereas societal attribution of responsibility led to sympathy. Subsequently, anger increased support for punitive policies while sympathy increased support for assistive policies. This study contributes to the literature on news framing of pandemics by integrating cognitive and emotional mechanisms in forming policy attitudes.

Upheaval in the Korean peninsula and the changing policies of US and North Korea

As of now, most people know North Korea as an evil country and all types of psycho stories are floating in the world media. Most of them are advertised by western countries and in the case of North Korea it's the US. However, many times North Korea also does terrible and unimaginable things to surprise the world. Which is a certainty to remain in the dictatorial rule of the Kim family. North Korea has always remained in unstable relations with the U.S. The change of leaders also changed the policy of the U.S. towards North Korea because both sides have always claimed to be victimized by the other and defend their actions purely for defensive purposes. Then who's the offender here and why? The answer is not simple; for this, we have to look into these two countries' historical and political aspects.

K-콘텐츠 국제 무역 발전을 위한 엔터테인먼트 정책 만족도 연구

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to discover strategies for the development of the domestic and international entertainment and tourism industries by analyzing factors that affect satisfaction with entertainment policies in Korea. Design/Methodology/Approach – The Korea Culture and Tourism Research Institute September 7, 2020 - November 2020 SPSS statistical analysis was conducted with 10,088 copies of data collected by the survey up to the 16th. Findings – First, it was analyzed that the importance of entertainment policies had a significant effect on satisfaction with entertainment policies. Second, the entertainment public industry was analyzed to have a significant effect on satisfaction with entertainment policies. Third, it was analyzed that the private entertainment industry had a significant effect on satisfaction with entertainment policies. Fourth, when the private entertainment industry affects entertainment policy satisfaction, it was analyzed that happiness had a significant effect. Research Implications – First, research was conducted in terms of developing K-content international trade. In particular, in a situation where Hallyu entertainment content is being exported (distributed) all over the world, it suggests national countermeasures to protect content so that they can grow in the long term. Second, the importance of entertainment policy, public industry, and private industry identify key variables to increase entertainment policy satisfaction, and when the private industry affects entertainment policy satisfaction, it confirms the moderating effect of happiness to improve related laws and institutions and expand infrastructure. It suggested measures to expand and promote private industrial exports.

아랍의 봄 이후 중동발 이주와 한국 내 예멘 및 아프가니스탄 난민 지위에 대한 소고

The turmoil of the decade after the 2011 Arab Spring has changed the migration patterns of MENA that had long been a frequent phenomena of the region since early human civilization. Traditional dispersal was concentrated between MENA countries, and from MENA countries to Europe or North America. However, since 2011, as migration from the Middle East hasbeen dealt as human security and national security agendas of host countries, migration destinations for nationals from MENA countries have diversified.
 T the number of immigrants has increased from MENA countries to Korea after the Arab Spring. Therefore, based on international law, this study examines how to understand migration from the MENA countries after the Arab Spring and analyses the influx of Yemenis and Afghans which had a great impact on Korean society in 2018 and 2021. Through the legal analysis on the settlement of special contributors of Afghanistan and humanitarian stay permit to Yemenis, this study will examine the implications for possible policy recommendations on refugees and immigration policies of Korea.

한국 정부의 대북정책 및 통일방안 변화 분석에 관한 연구

This study analyzed how the ROK government's North Korea policy and unification plan have changed. The ROK government's North Korea policy and unification plan have undergone significant changes over the past several decades. Looking at the changes from the Park Chung-hee administration to the Moon Jae-in administration is important in developing future North Korea policy and unification plans. From 1961, during the Park Chung-hee administration, to 2022, when the Moon Jae-in administration ended, the ROK's North Korea policy and unification plan were examined. The reason for the analysis from 1961 is that this period was the period when North Korea was approached from a policy point of view after the Korean War. North Korea continues to threaten South Korea militarily after the Korean War and is increasing the threat by developing nuclear weapons and upgrading ballistic missiles. North Korea talks about reconciliation and peace on the outside, but in reality, it continues to seriously threaten the ROK's security. Nonetheless, North Korea is a target that the ROK must embrace and unify in the future. Therefore, the ROK needs to promote policies and measures that can cooperate with North Korea while being wary of it.