Korean Modern History Research Articles

Exhuma: a Korean cultural paradox

ABSTRACT The Korean blockbuster film Exhuma (original title Pamyo) (2024) features several selling points that appeal to both audience and film reviewers. From these selling points, this review will focus on a dark side in Korean modern history: colonial remnants that should have been cleared away since the Liberation, but have still remained pretty much intact. Jae-hyun Jang, the director of Exhuma, approached the unresolved issue from the perspective of Korean shamanism, historically oppressed and marginalized, having lost its special function to help beings communicate, including human beings and higher beings. Chong-ho Kim (2003) calls the dominant ambivalence and complexity toward shamanism found in Korean society a ‘cultural paradox.’ The film Exhuma is an example of cultural paradox. It shows that clearing away the remnants of Japanese colonialism in Korea still has a long way to go, even 80 years after the Liberation.

The Global Turn in Understanding Korean Modern History and the Critique of Colonialism: Climate change and new directions in historical research

The Global Turn in Understanding Korean Modern History and the Critique of Colonialism: Climate change and new directions in historical research

무위당 장일순의 생애와 교육사상

Research exploring the value of lifelong education by connecting the life of a leader who made the living ground into a place of education and led change is significant. This study aims to realize the implications of lifelong education by examining the life and educational ideology of Muwidang Jang Il-soon, who is considered to have lived as an ordinary person all his life with a consistent attitude in Korean modern history. More specifically, the meaning of teaching and the principle of lifelong education in his life are examined, and the implications of Jang Il-soon's educational thought for today's lifelong learning society are discussed. Regarding the research method, qualitative research was conducted for interpretative research, such as exploring historical data and performing a literature analysis on Jang Il-soon. In the results of the study, Jang Il-soon's teachings are presented as 'Gaemunryuha', 'Illinillgi', 'Gyohaksangjang', and 'Gyojachaesin'. The principles of lifelong education that appeared in Jang Il-soon's educational thought are categorized into 'the principle of equality', 'the principle of practice', 'the principle of coexistence', and 'the principle of liberation'. The implications of Jang Il-soon's educational thought for a lifelong learning society are identified as 'the provision of equal lifelong education opportunities', 'practice-oriented educational activities and social transformation', 'the implementation of meaning and value of learning community', 'instructors' critical reflection and action', etc. As an educator and a learner simultaneously, Jang Il-soon's educational ideology has implications for the reality of lifelong education centered on the delivery of knowledge by instructors and for the education movement and practitioners' educational activities at the private level, suggesting means for the realization of a lifelong learning society.

『기생 및 창기에 관한 서류철』의 해제(解題)와 ‘일제 통감부의 공창제도 이식(移植)’에 관한 연구

This study analyzed and examined prostitute-related documents (from September to October 1908 and in March 1909) on the enactment preparation, issuance, enforcement, detailed regulation, report format, etc, of the second document type on 2) the Prostitute Regulation Law (Prostitution System) among four types of documents composing the records of Gisaeng and Changgi. Then, this study conducted a thorough analysis of the “prostitute-related documents” while maintaining academic objectivity and neutrality.
 First, the Prostitution System targeted the prostitutes involved in a prostitution business on the Korean Peninsula during the end of the Korean Empire Period. It was a Japanese-style prostitution system which was forcibly implemented by the Japanese colonial ruler. In fact, the Japanese Resident-General arranged all the related policies, enacted and announced related laws, laid down phased and detailed guidelines, and made the Japanese police officers manage and supervise the prostitutes.
 Second, the Korean Peninsula did not originally have a nationally authorized prostitution system. In September 25, 1908, right before the colonization of the Joseon Dynasty, the Japanese Resident-General implemented the firstever prostitution system for Korean prostitutes. In other words, the Records of Gisaeng and Prostitute are bitter records on process of how the Korean Peninsula, which strictly prohibited any prostitution involving money, was degraded into an immoral society in which people traded sex without any legal punishment.
 Third, the National Unified Prostitution Law was enacted in Japan on October 2nd, 1900. The Prostitution System, forcibly implemented on September 25, 1908 by the Japanese Resident-General, was the lighter edition of the National Unified Prostitution Law restructured based on the circumstances of the colonized countries, such as Taiwan.
 Finally, a correct understanding and new perception toward the Korean modern history of Gisaeng and prostitutes need to be formed by clearly distinguishing and understanding the concepts of Gisaeng Group as the artist group that inherited the tradition of female musicians and the prostitute group as a group who lived off of prostitution during The Korean Empire’s turning point of modernization.

『기생 및 창기에 관한 서류철』의 2022년 새로운 칼라복제본에 관한 연구

This study explored “Preceding Studies” and “Existing Bibliography” that utilized the Records of Gisaeng and Changgi as well as “Recent Research Trends” that verified and corrected the academic errors and distortions found in those studies and bibliography to derive the state and problems of the existing copies of the Records of Gisaeng and Changgi. After figuring out the problems found in the existing copies, this study emphasized the need for new copy and described the process of obtaining the new copy (the colored copy of the Records of Gisaeng and Prostitute on June 30 2022) based on academic proposal and request to the National Archives of Korea. Then, this study came up with the value and utilization direction of the new colored copy.
 To establish the correct understanding on “Fundamental Characteristic and Truth of Records of Gisaeng and Changgi,” it is necessary to publish the new 2022 copy for Records of Gisaeng and Changgi and books that compile reprinted copy, accurately translated copy, and the recent studies on Records of Gisaeng and Changgi. These new copy and books will correct academic errors and distortions discovered in previous studies and existing bibliographies based on Records of Gisaeng and Changgi, as well as widely spread the corrections as well as newly discovered facts.
 Records of Gisaeng and Changgi should be easily accessible to both researchers and ordinary people in order to highlight the value and fundamental characteristics of Gisaeng and prostitute, as well as to promote the correct understanding and new perception toward the Korean modern history of Gisaeng and prostitute by clearly distinguishing and understanding the concepts of “Gisaeng Group” as the artist group that inherited the tradition of female musicians and “Prostitute Group” as the prostitute group who lived on prostitution during The Korean Empire’s turning point of modernization.
 Lastly, Although the Gisaeng during the Joseon Dynasty, the Daehan Empire, and the Japanese colonial era was not free from the sexual amusement and exploitation of the men under the Confucian society and the Japanese colonial rule, Gisaeng was not a prostitute who made a living by the prostitution. Gisaeng was an entertainer who learned music and dance every day at Jangakwon in the Joseon Dynasty, Goybangsa in the Daehan Empire, and Gisaeng Association and Gwonbeon in the Japanese colonial period. Gisaeng also made a living by doing music and dance at the royal court events, public events, private events, theaters, and restaurants.

내용중심 교수법을 적용한 유학생 교양교육 연구

Objectives The purpose of this study is to propose an whole model of liberal arts education based on content- based language instruction for international students, and furthermore, to present and share specific educational plans through actual cases. This was sought as one of the ways to solve the problems of the current international student education.
 Methods the literature research method was applied to understand the current status and problems of international student education and to confirm the necessity of the content-based language education. Subsequently, a case study was conducted on the class of ‘Understanding Korean Modern History’ which has been appling the adjunct model for years, and based on this, we extracted the effective class composition and scaffoldings for international student education.
 Results In order to compensate for the problems of the current international student education, this study presented a foreign student liberal arts class model that applied the content-based instruction step by step. In particular, it was confirmed through related cases that the adjunct model can be an alternative class form for early-stage international students.
 Conclusions Liberal education for international students should be conducted in the direction of enhancing Korean language and the ability to adapt to Korean universities and complete their studies along with content education. And for this, it is necessary to utilize a model that applies content-based language education. In particular, the adjunct model is suitable as a customized teaching method for international students before entering a full-fledged major class.

한국근대사 박사학위논문 연구 동향과 대학원 교육

The purpose of this article is to reveal the actual status of doctoral papers in the field of Korean modern history produced by each graduate school in Korea for 22 years since 2000 and to find ways to improve graduate school education in the future. Over the past 22 years, 284 doctoral dissertations have been issued, with an average annual average of 12.3. During that time, 37 graduate schools produced doctoral degrees in the field of Korean modern history, and among them, the top 9 graduate schools accounted for 59% of the doctoral degrees. It was confirmed that the graduate curriculum needs to be improved in order to increase the academic achievement of doctoral thesis. The question should be raised more clearly, and the sources of the subject of historical study should be used more widely. It is necessary to develop the ability to create conceptual words by capturing the abstract legality inherent in concrete objects and to cultivate writing skills that enable wide communication with civil society.

한국 근대 Ⅰ] ‘조선과 세계’라는 복합 공간과 ‘전통과 근대’라는 복합 시간

This article reviews the recent trends in the research of Korean modern history from 2020 to 2021. That modern history refers to the period from the Korean port-opening [開港] to the Japanese annexation of Korea[倂合].BR This is a period when Joseon and the world are spatially connected, and when tradition and modernity are combined together. The main points of research from the perspective of ‘Joseon and the World’ and ‘Tradition and Modernity’ are presented as follows.BR From the perspective of ‘Joseon and the world’, useful issues such as global capitalism and the Joseon market, international relations of world powers and the geopolitics of the Korean Peninsula, and the East Asian world order and the diplomatic role of Korea are provided.BR Also, the eschatology and moral enlightenment of the Taoist tradition, the political publicness of the Independence Club with the Confucian minds, and the modern international law influenced by the concept of traditional public law are important themes from the perspective of ‘tradition and modernity’.BR This is valuable insight into the complexities of ‘Joseon and the world’ and ‘tradition and modernity’ in Korean modern history.

자기 연구(Self-study)를 통한 역사 교사의 교사 교육과정 성찰 - ‘평화통일’에 관한 한국 현대사 수업과 수행평가 결과 간 괴리 원인 분석을 중심으로 -

본 연구는 2019학년도 중학교 3학년 2학기 한국 현대사 영역에서 다룬 ‘평화통일’에 관한 수업과 학생들이 작성한 수행평가 결과 간 괴리 원인 분석을 통해 교사 스스로의 교육과정 전반을 성찰하고자 시도한 결과이다. 연구자는 자기 연구(Self-study)에 입각하여 수행평가 결과물을 토대로 학생·교사 인터뷰, 인터넷 검색, 문헌 검토, 비판적 동료 포트폴리오를 진 행하여 역사 교사인 ‘나’의 교사 교육과정 전반을 성찰하였다. 연구자는 ‘평화통일을 상징하 는 배지 도안 제작하기’ 논술형 수행평가에 대한 학생들의 답안 작성 내용이 교사 교육과정 구성 의도와 거리가 있음을 인지하고, 이 괴리가 어디서 비롯되었는지를 파악하는 과정에 서 깨달은 바들을 실천적 지식으로 창출해내고자 하였다. 중학교 역사 교사인 ‘나’는 학생들이 정치·경제 담론에 입각한 ‘국가 발전’으로서의 통일 관을 지양하고, 분단 트라우마에서 벗어나 한반도의 비평화 구조를 깨닫고 평화통일을 지 향하는 시민으로 성장하길 기대하였다. 이에 따라 2019학년도 2학기에는 분단 체제 하에서 소외되고 고통받은 사람들의 이야기와 분단 편익을 누리는 독재 세력의 이야기를 담은 텍 스트를 중심으로 토론과 글쓰기 위주의 수업을 진행하였다. 그리고 학생들이 수업에서 깨 달은 바를 표현할 수 있도록 ‘평화통일을 상징하는 배지 도안 제작하기’ 논술형 수행평가를 실시하였다. 그러나 학생들은 논술형 수행평가 답안에 교사 교육과정의 취지와 배치되는 국가 중심의 정치·경제 담론에 입각한 통일에 대한 생각을 표현하였다. 연구 결과, 이러한 교사 교육과정 구성 의도와 수행평가 결과물의 괴리 원인은 크게 학생 들을 둘러싼 사회문화적 요인과 ‘나’가 디자인했던 교사 교육과정 자체의 결함에 있었다. 먼저, 학생들은 ‘나’가 진행한 역사 수업 이전에 받았던 초등 단계에서의 통일교육의 내용, 대중 매체를 통해 접해온 통일 관련 정보나 논술형 수행평가 준비를 위해 검색한 인터넷 정 보 내용, 역사과 논술형 수행평가가 실시되던 비슷한 시기에 진행되었던 타 교과의 통일 관 련 학습 내용, 학생들이 살고 있는 지역에서 추진하는 통일과 관련된 경제 정책 내용의 영 향을 받아 정치·경제 담론에 입각한 ‘국가 발전’으로서의 통일관을 강하게 지니고 있었다. 또한 ‘나’는 한국 현대사 속에 나타난 비평화적 사례를 수업에서 여러 차례 다룸으로써 학생들이 ‘자연스럽게’ 평화와 통일의 필요성에 대해 생각하기를 바라며 수업과 평가를 디자인했다고 여겼다. 그러나 학생들에게 명시적으로 교사의 수행평가 의도를 드러내지 않 아 학생들이 수행평가의 취지를 수업과 연결지어 생각하지 못하였다. 그리고 ‘나’가 학생의 입장에서 평화통일이라는 개념이 주는 추상성과 낯섦, 어색함을 해결하기 위한 노력을 하 지 않아 학생들은 수업 내용을 활용한 수행평가 답안 작성에 어려움을 느끼고 자신들이 이 전에 알고 있던 ‘통일’에 관한 사실들을 바탕으로 답안을 작성하게 되었다. 또한 그림 그리 기라는, 학생 입장에서 다소 의도를 알기 힘든 평가 방식으로 구성된 수행평가 문항을 학생 들에게 제시하였다. 즉, 평가하고자 하는 내용과 평가하고자 하는 방법 간의 어긋남이 있었 던 것이다. ‘나’는 자기 연구를 통해 ‘나’가 학생들을 둘러싼 정치·경제·사회·문화적인 맥락과 이로부 터 형성되는 학생들의 역사에 대한 사전 지식에 대해 무관심하였으며, 학생들이 살아가는 터전으로서의 지역과 타 교과 교육과정 및 학교 교육과정에도 무지하였음을 깨닫게 되었 다. 또한 교사 교육과정 구성 시 학생들의 입장에서 교사의 수업과 평가 의도를 쉽게 파악 할 수 있는 평가 문항이 가지는 중요성에 대해 간과하고 있었다. 평가를 수업의 한 과정으 로서 여긴다고 하면서도 학생들이 ‘알아서’ 교사 교육과정의 취지를 이해하길 바라고 따라 오기를 바랐던 것이다. 이는 결국 ‘나’가 학생들을 일종의 계몽 대상으로 바라보고 ‘나’ 스스 로를 교과전문가로 자부하며 그들의 역사 이해가 ‘나’의 역사 이해 과정에 부합하는지의 여 부를 놓고 그들을 평가하고자 한 사실에 대한 자각으로 연결되었다. 이러한 성찰을 통해 교사는 교과 전문가이기 이전에 학생이라는 인간을 이해하고자 하 는 ‘인간 이해자’로서 학생들의 삶에 관심을 가지고 학생·교사와의 공동체적 협업을 통하여 그들의 다양한 사전지식과 삶을 수업 속으로 끌어올 수 있어야 하며, 세심하고 친절한 평가 문항의 제작을 통해 교사 교육과정의 취지를 학생들과 공유해야 한다는 실천적 지식을 체 득하였다. 이러한 실천적 지식이 곧 교육과정 설계자이자 구현자, 평가자로서의 교사 전문 성과 연결된다고 할 수 있을 것이다.

한국근대Ⅱ] 이미 익숙해진 새로움에서 나아가기 위한 모색: 2018~2019년 식민지기(1910~1945) 연구의 현황과 전망

This paper analyzes the studies of the Japanese Colonial Era in Korea published in 2018~2019, and points out several issues for future research.<BR> First, in commemorating the 100th anniversary, capacity of modern history was concentrated on the study of the March First Movement. As a result, it can be evaluated that the March First Movement research has achieved great results both in terms of quantity and quality.<BR> Second, research subjects are continuously expanding. However, the diversification of subjects did not lead to further research.<BR> Third, research in the 1910s and 1940s was activated. A new trend of research has also emerged, and a connection with the periods before and after is being attempted. I look forward to the start of a new search for research development here.<BR> I think what is needed is communication and debate. Through this, the Korean modern history academia will be able to take a step forward from the ’newness that has already been used.’

소춘 김기전(小春 金起田)의 유물론 이해에 나타난 사상사적 특징 - 20세기 초 서구이론 수용경향을 중심으로 -

소춘 김기전(小春 金起田)의 유물론 이해에 나타난 사상사적 특징 - 20세기 초 서구이론 수용경향을 중심으로 -

A study of Contemporary history of Korea and Museum Exhibition -beyond view of Korean modern history and exhibition

A study of Contemporary history of Korea and Museum Exhibition -beyond view of Korean modern history and exhibition

한국 대학 교복 변천에 대한 연구: 서울대학교를 중심으로

This study examined the historical transition of the school uniform of Seoul National University (SNU) with regard to who created the uniform, why they created it, why it changed, and how it was abolished. It also aimed to reveal the connection between the academic uniform and the uniforms of the military training organizations established at the university. To recreate the history of the school uniform of SNU, we used archival and autobiographical sources as a primary source. In doing so, it become apparent that the history of the SNU uniform is connected with Korean modern history. After the Korean liberation from Japan, and during the United States Army Military Government in Korea (USAMGIK), Seoul National University was established as the most prestigious national university. With a polarizing of public opinion around the extreme Left and Right, SNU enacted a school uniform system to cultivate effective leaders of the anti-communist solidarity. As South Korea shifted to a wartime posture, the uniforms at the University became an identical style to a middle school uniform. In the post-war period, SNU created a new school uniform for males in 1955 and for female in 1957. As a result of a military coup in the early 1960s, regulations on school uniforms became stricter. By the mid-1960s, the uniform was redesigned into a blazer style reflecting the uplifting atmosphere in the university due to the economic development. However, by the end of 1960s, the state power tried to transform the university into a military camp. School uniforms were mandated for male students, and a School Drill Uniform appeared too. When Park Chung-Hee’s regime ended, the school uniform of SNU, the symbol of the militaristic control and the source of pride, was abolished.

한국 근현대사 연구의 현재성에 관한 대안 제시: 박걸순,『한국 독립운동과 역사인식』(역사공간, 2019)

한국 근현대사 연구의 현재성에 관한 대안 제시: 박걸순,『한국 독립운동과 역사인식』(역사공간, 2019)

주권개념과 19세기 한국근대사

주권개념과 19세기 한국근대사

국가폭력 문제를 통해 보는 과거사 청산

국가폭력 문제를 통해 보는 과거사 청산

Using of Local Verbal Materials in Korean Modern History Class

Using of Local Verbal Materials in Korean Modern History Class

한국근현대사의 대중화, 어떻게 볼 것인가

한국근현대사의 대중화, 어떻게 볼 것인가

한국사와 68운동; 확장된 이해와 시선 — 1960~1970년대 초 한국사회 저항운동을 중심으로 —

한국사와 68운동; 확장된 이해와 시선 — 1960~1970년대 초 한국사회 저항운동을 중심으로 —

한국 근현대사에서 설탕은 무엇이었나 - 이은희, 『서랑, 근대의 혁명 - 한국 설탕산업과 소비의 역사』(지식산업사, 2018)

한국 근현대사에서 설탕은 무엇이었나 - 이은희, 『서랑, 근대의 혁명 - 한국 설탕산업과 소비의 역사』(지식산업사, 2018)