Knowledge Transfer Process Research Articles

The Impacts of Organizational Culture on Knowledge Transfer Between Japanese Managers and Vietnamese Employees in Japanese Enterprises

Knowledge transfer effectiveness is considered one of the most important factors for ensuring the success of any enterprise, especially for multinational enterprises. However, in the case of Japan, the effectiveness of knowledge transfer between Japanese managers and foreign employees is not high. This limited effectiveness is understood as linked to the cultural distance between Japanese managers and foreign employees. The main goal of this study is to explore the impact of organizational culture on knowledge transfer in Japanese enterprises. Quantitative survey research was conducted with 365 respondents, who are Vietnamese labourers working in Japan. Analysis showed that two factors had a positive impact on the effectiveness of knowledge transfer: cultural openness and managers' communication ability. The study draws on these results to make recommend improvements in the knowledge transfer process between Japanese managers and Vietnamese employees.

The impacts of inward knowledge transfer and absorptive capacity on the turnover of host country nationals in MNE subsidiaries: a multilevel modeling approach

Purpose This study aims to find how the turnover of host country nationals (HCNs) would be affected by the knowledge transfer from a headquarter to a subsidiary. Knowledge transfer in a multinational corporation (MNC) has been discussed as a critical factor in the MNC’s success. Because HCNs are essential to synergizing with a new knowledge inflow during this knowledge transfer process, their turnover entails negative consequences such as knowledge loss. Design/methodology/approach This paper empirically tests the unbalance between knowledge received (KR) and absorptive capacity (AC) as the most critical organizational predictor by using the secondary longitudinal records and survey data of 4,915 employees. Multilevel survival analysis is used to calculate the individuals’ turnover hazard. Findings While finding that the primary effect of transferred knowledge is to reduce turnover, the study demonstrates the unbalance between a subsidiary’s AC and KR increases the likelihood of HCNs’ turnover within the organization. The authors also recognize the possibility of nonlinear trends of KR and AC on the turnover hazard. Originality/value The authors answer how knowledge transfer shapes a subsidiary’s work environment to prevent or increase turnover, which has been barely examined for HCNs who comprise the crucial demographic group in knowledge transfer. To enhance the originality further, this study empirically observes the actual turnover of HCNs with a conceptually comprehensive view incorporating both learning and political approaches.

THE SUCCESS OF ENTERPRISE SYSTEM PROJECTS: FROM A KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER PERSPECTIVE

We have certainly already arrived in a knowledge-based world economy, where knowledge transfer is a crucial factor in global business competition. In the era of knowledge-based management, the way we use knowledge determines the success or failure of business systems. This paper revises the project phases of enterprise systems (ES), which have been divided into three phases (pre-implementation, during implementation, and post-implementation), by expanding the relationship between the Knowledge Transfer (KT) and Project Management Process Groups (PMPG) in each phase to improve the success of ES by increasing the understanding of knowledge in each ES phase. The pre-implementation phase has two phases: Project Origination with (3) PMPG (Develop Project Proposal, Evaluate Project Proposals, and Select Projects), (8) tasks, (8) deliverables, and (3) roles. Project Initiation phase, with (3) PMPG (Initiate the Project, Approve the Project Charter, and Conduct Kick-off Meeting), (7) tasks, (7) deliverables, and (4) roles. In the implementation phase of the project ES there are two phases: Project Planning with (3) PMPG (Prepare the Project Planning, Perform the Planning Activities - Detail the Project Plan, and Confirm Approval to Proceed), (19) Tasks, (21) Deliverables, and (7) Roles. Project implementation and control with (3) PMPG (Launch Project, Management Project-Execution and control, and Gain Project Acceptance), (17) tasks, (17) deliverables, and (7) roles. Additionally, in the post-implementation phase, there are a phase called project closure with (2) PMPG (Perform, Initiate Project Follow-up, and Administrative Closure), (5) tasks, (6) deliverables, and (5) roles.

A novel taxonomy of organizational learning contextual factors: Review of 2004–2020 top-ranked journals

As a dynamic phenomenon that interacts across different levels – individual, group, organizational, interorganizational – the development of a unique multilevel theory of Organizational Learning (OL) is absent and challenging. The intent of this paper is to contribute to the advancement of such a theory. In this context, a systematic review of the 2004-2020 literature was carried out, with analysis of 120 papers selected from management and organization science top-ranked journals. Based on the conceptualization of OL as multiple processes of knowledge creation, transfer, and retention, the reviewed papers highlight that internal and external environments, organizational culture, strategy, structure, leadership, technology, and shared environments need to be considered for a comprehensive understanding of vertical trickle-down OL processes, and of bottom-up emerging OL processes, in both single and multi-level OL analyses. This study contributes to the theory of OL with the presentation of a novel taxonomy of contextual factors that could help researchers in the development of comprehensive OL studies. The implications offered should support the definition of a multilevel theory for OL that embraces all the relevant factors that influence its processes across the different organizational levels. The review closes with specific recommendations for further studies in OL.

‘Moving South’: Late Pleistocene Plant Exploitation and the Importance of Palm in the Colombian Amazon

The role of plants in early human migrations across the globe has received little attention compared to big game hunting. Tropical forests in particular have been seen as a barrier for Late Pleistocene human dispersals due to perceived difficulties in obtaining sufficient subsistence resources. Archaeobotanical data from the Cerro Azul rock outcrop in the Colombian Amazon details Late Pleistocene plant exploitation providing insight into early human subsistence in the tropical forest. The dominance of palm taxa in the assemblage, dating from 12.5 ka BP, allows us to speculate on processes of ecological knowledge transfer and the identification of edible resources in a novel environment. Following the hypothesis of Martin Jones from his 2009 work, “Moving North: archaeobotanical evidence for plant diet in Middle and Upper Paleolithic Europe”, we contend that the instantly recognizable and economically useful palm family (Arecaceae) provided a “gateway” to the unknown resources of the Amazon forest.

A Study of the Application of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to E learning among undergraduate students in India- A Structural Equation Modelling Approach

Technological developments in the field of education have paved the way for e-learning. Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) and online certification courses have become widely popular among students especially those in higher education. Today, E-learning platforms have provided the end users the opportunity to pursue online certifications, gain knowledge and skills, and learn from experts in different fields from the comfort of their homes. Students are an important stakeholder in this knowledge transfer process. Therefore, it is important to understand their attitude towards e learning and their expectation from such platforms. This paper attempts to study the concept of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in e-learning among undergraduate students in India to understand their perception and behaviour towards e-learning. The main research methods used were: the questionnaire for primary data collection, journals and research articles for secondary data collection. Excel and Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) were used to process the collected data, test the hypotheses, statistical analysis, analyse the results and achieve research objectives. Microsoft Word was used for textual representation of final results and interpretations. Hypothetical model based on TAM was framed and six research variables were identified for the study: Perceived Usefulness, Capability, Perceived ease-of-use, Intention to Use, Trustworthiness, Actual Use. The research helped to understand the components of TAM, analyse and identify the relation between TAM and E learning, and revealed that undergraduate students in India have positive perception of E-learning.

The mediating roles of knowledge transfer and supply chain quality management capabilities on organisational performance

PurposeThe paper aims to investigate the relationship between supply chain quality management (SCQM) practices and organisational performance as well as the role of knowledge transfer (KT) and SCQM capabilities in mediating the SCQM practices–organisational performance relationship. Precisely, this study tried to examine how effective are SCQM practices in enhancing SCQM capabilities, KT processes and to illuminate the role both of SCQM capabilities and KT processes in improving a firm’s innovation and operational performance (OP).Design/methodology/approachThis paper applied a quantitative method in which data were collected from a survey with 152 firms functioning in the most pollutant manufacturing sectors (i.e. food, construction, chemical and pharmaceutical sectors) in Palestine. The data analysis was conducted using the partial least squares structural equation modelling.FindingsThis paper provides empirical insights into how to enhance organisational performance via SCQM capabilities and KT. In addition, this study contributes to the conceptualisation of SCQM, involving quality combination capability, supply chain responsiveness capability, quality knowledge sharing capability and provides the managers the ability to train themselves regarding the SCQM with its implication.Research limitations/implicationsBecause of the chosen research approach, the research results may lack generalisability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions further. Practical implications – this paper includes implications for the improvement of SCQM capabilities, the manufacturing organisations should concentrate on establishing modern information technology.Practical implicationsThis paper includes implications for the improvement of SCQM capabilities, the manufacturing organisations should concentrate on establishing modern information technology.Originality/valueThis paper proposes a conceptual framework that tests the combined effect of SCQM practices, SCQM capabilities and KT on innovation and OP from a developing country perspective.

Collaborative Learning Experiences in a Changing Environment: Innovative Educational Approaches in Architecture

The sense of uncertainty and fragility due to the effects and magnitude of global challenges we are facing (from the circumstances of the pandemic to the impacts of climate change) requires—much more than in the past—the capacity to generate a visionary and forefront design approach in the young generation, with an aim to stimulate their reaction attitude rather than providing consolidated tools from past conditions that no longer exist or will rapidly evolve. Within this general framework, we have investigated the effectiveness and impacts of experienced-based methods of learning and innovative educational tools in architecture that are aimed at shaping expertise that addresses the aspects of environment and climate change in the context of socio-cultural dynamics, real potentialities and constraints, and their transdisciplinary trajectories. We analyzed five international pioneering teaching experiences that provided the opportunity to understand the outcomes of collaborative and experiential learning processes by which the educational activities leverage dialogue between diverse communities (including academia, citizens, policymakers, and practitioners). The study outcomes show that shifting the pedagogical paradigm towards experience-based models can improve the awareness of future practitioners for the climate implications of architectural design, implement their analysis and project skills, and trigger processes of knowledge transfer and co-production at the community level. Experience-based models also allow them to better address the societal and cultural issues involved in decision making.

Peer tutoring in clinical legal education as a learning community building method

ABSTRACT The legal clinic at the SWPS University started operating in 2011. Since 2017, a new model of its functioning has been created based on a peer- tutoring method. Among other things, it is based on a system of roles in which senior students coordinate customer service and are responsible for cases conducted by those starting cooperation with the clinic and also assess the quality of their work. The article presents the results of qualitative research conducted with the participation of all categories of students operating in the clinic, namely: junior and senior students and volunteers who are already graduates. The research was carried out using focus group interviews based on a semi-structured questionnaire. The interviews lasted about 100 minutes each. The most important threads raised during the discussion include the clinic’s role in building legal and social competencies, motivations and expectations of individual categories of students working for the clinic and – above all – the experience of students related to participation in peer-tutoring. The discussion of results is focused on good practices facilitating the knowledge transfer process within the legal clinic student community. The article also presents recommendations regarding the effective implementation of the proposed didactic model and further development directions.

Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di Perguruan Tinggi dalam Konteks Interkultural

Indonesian Language Course is a lesson that develops students' ability to speak Indonesian properly and correctly, because mastery of Indonesian can be used as a measure of one's nationalism as an Indonesian nation. The Indonesian language course also aims to develop students' abilities in organizing ideas or concepts to be communicated to other parties so that there is continuous interaction between ideas and results in an effective knowledge transfer and management process. One of these integration efforts is through intercultural-based learning methods. With an intercultural-based learning process, students are expected to have intercultural competence (interkulturelle competent). Competence is what becomes the provision for adaptation and intercultural communication while maintaining an Indonesian identity and character.

Investigation into the development of lithium-ion battery electrolytes and related knowledge transfer using research paper-based social network analysis

It is generally accepted that the latest research findings are published as research papers in journals. Social network analysis (SNA) can offer a perspective from which to analyze technological developments. This work analyzes the development of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and electrolytes by SNA based on papers from 2011 to 2015. Three types of social networks, country-, institution-, and research paper-based networks were used. Country-based network analysis shows that major ten countries have a close relationship with respect to technology development. Institution-based network analysis revealed that 48 top institutions publish the most prolifically and that a “small-world” effect exists within the network, indicating excellent knowledge transfer among institutions through citations. Several institutions occupy the center position within the network and have a prominent influence in knowledge transfer as judged by centrality analysis. Research paper-based social networks, consisting of high-citation articles, are grouped into six technology clusters, which exhibit a broad range of knowledge transfer processes regardless of the battery and electrolyte types, indicating underlying closely interwoven relationships. The knowledge transfer path can describe the technology evolution in detail. An overview of technological development status can be thus obtained by this proposed three-level analysis method.

Conceptualising trust as a mediator of pro-environmental tacit knowledge transfer in small and medium sized tourism enterprises

This conceptual paper adds to the theoretical exploration of inter-organisational pro-environmental knowledge transfer in small and medium sized tourism enterprises (SMTEs). It does so by focusing on the role of trust, a concept which has received only scant attention in this context. Drawing on theoretical and empirical research, we argue that the willingness of SMTE managers to engage in the transference of pro-environmental tacit knowledge is based on their intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, coupled with the perceived trustworthiness of both the message and social actors involved. It remains a challenge for SMTE managers to receive, absorb and respond to appropriate pro-environmental knowledge, based on organisational needs. The paper makes an important contribution to the work on pro-environmental knowledge transfer in tourism by proposing a model of four key antecedents of trust in the knowledge transfer process – self- efficacy, social norms, credibility of knowledge source and social capital between actors. We identify a future research agenda including the need to assess the weighted impact of each antecedent of trust; establish the influence of tourism networks on trust formation and development; and explore if peer perception intervenes in tacit knowledge transfer between pro-active and reactive SMTE managers.

Knowledge transfer in technological innovation clusters

PurposeThe aim of this research is to analyze the knowledge transfer process in technological innovation clusters. The problem of the study addresses how organizations can act in a network to enhance experiences and gains, particularly in the aspect of knowledge management.Design/methodology/approachThe study is qualitative, applied through a case study, cross-sectional and multiple sources of evidence – semistructured interviews, nonparticipant observation and analysis of documents and secondary institutional data. The case analyzed was the Technology Park of São José dos Campos, in Brazil, involving private companies, governmental organizations, universities and research institutions.FindingsThe results reinforce the arguments that the transfer of knowledge is influenced by factors, facilitators or inhibitors such as: cooperation, relationship with institutions, workforce mobility and geographical proximity, influencing the competitiveness and performance of the organizations in the cluster.Research limitations/implicationsThis study advances the knowledge management literature in network environments, especially in technological innovation clusters, systematizing and highlighting the facilitating and inhibiting dimensions of knowledge transfer.Practical implicationsThe present work has a direct dialogue with the managers and actors involved in the governance of these organizational arrangements with regard to increasing the capacity for creation and the dissemination of knowledge among organizations, educational institutions, government and companies.Originality/valueThere is a presence of aspects indicating that knowledge goes beyond borders through dynamic and collaborative structures, reinforcing the premise that clusters must be perceived as an evolutionary system, whose result of interactions leads to a superior joint capacity.

Small sample state of health estimation based on weighted Gaussian process regression

-Battery state of health (SOH) estimation is essential for the safety and reliability of electric vehicles. Data-driven approaches are compelling in SOH estimation as they work effectively without human intervention and have excellent nonlinear approximation capabilities. Most studies assume that the training data is sufficient. However, in practical applications, data acquisition is often expensive and time-consuming. A novel weighted Gaussian process regression SOH estimation method is proposed to reduce the model's dependence on data through knowledge transfer. The squared exponential covariance function is introduced with a penalty mechanism to control the cross-battery knowledge transfer process. Experiments are carried out with battery cyclic aging data under different working conditions. Experimental results show that the proposed weighted Gaussian process SOH estimation model can obtain reliable prediction results, although the training data only accounts for 20% of the total dataset.11Corresponding author: Hanmin Sheng email: shenghanmin@hotmail.comThis paper is sponsored by National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFC1505203), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61903066), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2021M690560, No. 2018M640905), and Sichuan Province Science and Technology Program (No. 2021YFH0042)

Efektivitas Prinsip Komunikasi Islam Guru dalam Pembinaan Karakter Komunikasi Siswa Kelas X MAN Rantauprapat

This study aims to obtain a concrete picture of the effectiveness of the application of the principles of teacher Islamic communication in fostering the character of tenth grade students of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Rantauprapat. The communication process in education is not only understood as a one-way knowledge transfer process, however, there must be a serious effort on the part of the educator / teacher, as a communicator, to be able to provide good role models. Qualitative research methods try to understand a phenomenon as the understanding of the respondents studied, with an emphasis on the subjective aspects of one's behavior. Qualitative research provides an opportunity for researchers to understand the way respondents describe the world around them based on the way they think. The researcher tries to enter the conceptual world of the subject under study to capture what and how things happen. Data collection techniques used in this study were interviews in this study researchers used a semi-structured interview (semitructure interview), namely: interviews in the category of in-depth interviews. Data about the application of teacher Islamic communication and the communication character of tenth grade students, data analysis used in this study during the field using the Miles and Huberman Model, namely the activities in qualitative data analysis are carried out interactively and continue continuously until completion, so that the data is already saturated.

Contemporary experience of education digitalization

The article considers the evolution, forms and current situation in the field of education based on information technologies (ITE). The authors investigate directions of changes in the educational sphere as a form of activity, as well as the system and process of knowledge transfer under information and communication technologies (ICT) influence. The paper defines the general properties of the forms of education, based on information technologies. The authors use as a tool of studying the impact of the information and communication technologies on educational institutions and on a learning process the idea of a value chain and employees routine loops reflection in it. The study highlights three areas in which information and communication technologies are changing educational organizations: pedagogics, infrastructure, and organization. The article shows how these changes are seen in the value chain. The paper considers a number of trends in the widely understood process of digitalization of education, the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the development of on-line education, evaluates the existing experience of such education and the limits of its applicability.

MJERENJE USPJEŠNOSTI TRANSFERA ZNANJA NA SVEUČILIŠTIMA

Measuring the universities' knowledge transfer performance is important for both policymakers and universities due to the recognized social and economic impact of the knowledge transfer process. The aim of this paper is to investigate and discuss the contemporary knowledge transfer metrics used for measuring the knowledge transfer activities at universities. The research results show that the universities need to consider several important aspects when selecting and reporting on their knowledge transfer activities, such as the purpose and continuity of data collection and reporting on knowledge transfer activities, internal and external context in which universities operate, and implementation of common definitions for knowledge transfer indicators. Additional aspects identified from the conducted research which are important for the overall assessment of the universities’ knowledge transfer performances are the collection of both quantitative and qualitative data on knowledge transfer activities, and harmonization of the knowledge transfer metrics that will enable the universities to measure and compare their knowledge transfer activities, nationally and internationally.

PECULIARITIES OF TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF PEDAGOGY FOR TEACHING THE COURSE «DIDACTICS»

An important condition for reforming pedagogical education is the training of highly qualified teachers of higher education institutions who are able to implement program objectives and implement the requirements of professional, industry standards and educational programs in the educational process of pedagogical education institutions. Article’s purpose is to generalize the features of training future teachers of pedagogy to teach the course «Didactics» in the system of professional education of future primary school teachers. Methods applied: the method of theoretical analysis of normative educational documents and educational-methodical literature on methods of teaching pedagogy in institutions of higher pedagogical education; methods of generalization, systematization for formulating the conclusions of scientific research. Most educational programs for the training of specialists at the second (master's) level in pedagogical specialties provide for the assignment of the qualification «teacher of pedagogy», which requires his thorough theoretical and methodological and practical preparation for teaching pedagogical disciplines. Therefore, it is important in this context determination of methods of teaching the section of pedagogy «Didactics», which includes acquaintance of future teachers of pedagogy with the main goals and objectives of the course, its structure, features of the work program on the discipline, a list of sections and topics recommended for future primary school teachers; mastering the most rational forms and methods of organizing classroom (lectures, seminars, micro-teaching, modeling of pedagogical situations, etc.) and extracurricular (pedagogical observation of the real pedagogical process in primary school, acquaintance with pedagogical and methodological literature, study of advanced pedagogical experience, etc.) work of students, features of diagnostics of results of educational achievements from a course «Didactics». Preparation for teaching «Didactics» is an important component of professional training of future teachers of pedagogy in higher pedagogical education, which provides targeted, systematic and comprehensive mastery of knowledge of didactics and methods of its teaching in higher education and training the teacher's personality with a high level of scientific knowledge. organization of the process of knowledge transfer to applicants for institutions of higher pedagogical education.

Explicit Evolutionary Multitasking for Combinatorial Optimization: A Case Study on Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem.

Recently, evolutionary multitasking (EMT) has been proposed in the field of evolutionary computation as a new search paradigm, for solving multiple optimization tasks simultaneously. By sharing useful traits found along the evolutionary search process across different optimization tasks, the optimization performance on each task could be enhanced. The autoencoding-based EMT is a recently proposed EMT algorithm. In contrast to most existing EMT algorithms, which conduct knowledge transfer across tasks implicitly via crossover, it intends to perform knowledge transfer explicitly among tasks in the form of task solutions, which enables the employment of task-specific search mechanisms for different optimization tasks in EMT. However, the autoencoding-based explicit EMT can only work on continuous optimization problems. It will fail on combinatorial optimization problems, which widely exist in real-world applications, such as scheduling problem, routing problem, and assignment problem. To the best of our knowledge, there is no existing effort working on explicit EMT for combinatorial optimization problems. Taking this cue, in this article, we thus embark on a study toward explicit EMT for combinatorial optimization. In particular, by using vehicle routing as an illustrative combinatorial optimization problem, the proposed explicit EMT algorithm (EEMTA) mainly contains a weighted l1 -norm-regularized learning process for capturing the transfer mapping, and a solution-based knowledge transfer process across vehicle routing problems (VRPs). To evaluate the efficacy of the proposed EEMTA, comprehensive empirical studies have been conducted with the commonly used vehicle routing benchmarks in multitasking environment, against both the state-of-the-art EMT algorithm and the traditional single-task evolutionary solvers. Finally, a real-world combinatorial optimization application, that is, the package delivery problem (PDP), is also presented to further confirm the efficacy of the proposed algorithm.

The effects of university–industry collaboration in preclinical research on pharmaceutical firms’ R&D performance: Absorptive capacity’s role

AbstractPharmaceutical firms frequently engage in preclinical research collaboration with universities. Many of these collaborative preclinical research projects are conducted by firms’ subsidiaries. In this setting, the challenge of transferring knowledge from university–industry collaborations (UICs) to internal research and development (R&D) increases, since knowledge has to be transferred twice: to the subsidiary and to the parent. To benefit from tacit and complex knowledge obtained through collaboration with academic partners, firms need to have a high absorptive capacity. However, existing research on absorptive capacity's effect on the efficacy of UIC has provided mixed results, and the knowledge transfer mechanisms remain unclear, particularly in the case of basic (or preclinical) research and of the complex knowledge transfer process from subsidiaries’ collaborative efforts. Building on the knowledge‐based view and following a multidimensional perspective of absorptive capacity, this study investigates the role a firm's capabilities play in successful university knowledge integration in a firm's internal R&D. Therefore, this paper analyzes both parent firms’ UICs and their subsidiaries’ UICs in basic (preclinical) research. The results of our longitudinal analysis of a unique panel data set of 56 global pharmaceutical firms indicate that firms do successfully exploit valuable knowledge from preclinical research UIC in internal R&D, measured by the number of performed clinical trials. This holds true for the UIC involving the parent firm and its subsidiaries. As transformative learning dimensions of absorptive capacity, high diversity in therapeutic activity and high R&D intensity levels strengthen the positive relationship between parents’ UIC and R&D performance. A high exploration intensity level of the firm and high diversity in therapeutic activity help to transfer the knowledge from subsidiaries’ preclinical research UIC to parents’ innovation projects.