Knowledge Society Research Articles

Media and information literacy in secondary students: Diagnosis and assessment

In the information and knowledge society, technology and the COVID-19 pandemic have added to the debate on Media and Information Literacy (MIL). In Peru, in spite of the recommendations from international institutions, proper attention has not been given, generating gaps in the study curricula. From this perspective, the study investigates the level of development of MIL in students studying the last cycle of intermediate education. In order to determine this, the AMI-Peru-21 survey was designed and validated, based on the UNESCO proposals. This research is of a quantitative, descriptive and cross-curricular nature, which made it possible to diagnose the relationship of the socioformative factors with the levels of MIL achievement, based on a sample made up by 1250 students from the province of Arequipa. The results evidence the validity and reliability of the instrument (α=0.96) in order to measure the level of MIL, from the perspective of student self-perception, as well as the association of certain socioformative factors with MIL (p<0.000), among them, progress with age, i.e., older ages are associated with greater the levels of achievement, and females make more progress than males. It is also verified that access to basic services, such as electricity and the Internet, and the type of educational institution are correlated with higher levels of MIL achievement. From the evidence that is generated, in order to ensure the education of critical, ethical and responsible citizens, a set of initiatives is suggested to further the evolution of MIL in education.

ISSUES AND EMERGING CHALLENGES FOR NEP 2020

A nation develops a comprehensive national education strategy to satisfy this demand since education is a crucial and important part of any society's and nation's overall growth. India has pursued three education strategies since attaining independence. India passed its first national education policy in 1968, followed by a second one in 1986. The 1986 policy was updated in 1992. The most recent year of 2020 saw the adoption of the third national education policy. The preceding education regulations provide no information about the state of the schools that are operated commercially across the nation by specific people or organisations. The gaps in educational levels between children from rich and underprivileged backgrounds have not yet been addressed by any education legislation. The new National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) was developed to overcome the flaws of earlier educational strategies. The five pillars of accessibility, equity, quality, affordability, and accountability serve as its foundation. By making school and college education more comprehensive, flexible, interdisciplinary, adapted to 21st century demands, and focused on bringing out the unique attributes of each student, this approach aims to transform India into a thriving knowledge society and worldwide knowledge superpower. With a target of reaching a 100% Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) or zero school dropouts, the government's new strategy seeks to reduce social inequities in school participation, access, and learning results by 2030. The goal is ambitious, but whether it genuinely fosters an all-encompassing culture will depend on how successfully it is carried out. Key words: India,

Helping the School: Electronic Learning Resources of Foreign Libraries

The transition from an information society to a knowledge society gives libraries a chance to overcome the crisis by transforming themselves into educational institutions of a new type, providing quality information and educational services that promote cognitive and creative activities. An important place among them belongs to programs and projects for the creation and promotion of electronic learning resources intended for schoolteachers and students, i.e. for the audience, which directly determines the society we will have to live in the near future. The aim of the article is to consider the experience of major foreign libraries in preparing electronic learning (e-Learning) resources for schools from the perspective of their possible use by Russian libraries in the light of the tasks set to strengthen the role of cultural and educational organizations in the historical and cultural enlightenment and upbringing of the growing generation. The object of the article is the resources of own generation (or created in cooperation with other institutions) of national and regional libraries in the USA, Great Britain, and Australia, related to the methodological support of the educational process in schools. The study of the content of these resources made it possible to identify several main groups with different purposes: training in the skills of working with primary sources; promotion of classical literature and reading; assistance to subject teachers in their work with current social and political issues; development of regional / local history knowledge. Examples explored are electronic learning resources for schools posted in dedicated sections or on the web portals of the Library of Congress (USA, Washington), the National Library of Australia, the British Library, the Florida State Library and Archives, the State Library of Victoria (Australia, Melbourne) the National Library of Scotland, and the National Library of Wales. The study has shown that national and regional libraries of the above-mentioned countries place a high priority on the preparation of electronic learning resources for schools. Creation of such resources helps libraries to solve important tasks: to popularize their collections and electronic resources; to expand the circle of regular readers by attracting schoolchildren; to enhance the prestige of the library as an important cultural and educational institution involved in forming the worldview and raising the intellectual level of the younger generation. Due to their social significance, such projects, as a rule, have state or regional funding; grants are widely practiced. The article pays special attention to the interaction between libraries and other cultural institutions in preparing joint electronic learning resources for schools, as well as to the promotion of such resources among the teaching community, primarily through close cooperation with pedagogical organizations.

Is Academic Entrepreneurialism a Universal Concept? New Ideas and Insights From Contextualisation Beyond East and West

This paper considers the conceptualisation of ‘academic entrepreneurialism’ and develops new ideas and insights by contextualising the concept. It critically reviews the conceptual literature of academic entrepreneurialism which is dominated by research and conceptualisation by the West and reflects its implications for understanding academic entrepreneurialism in China. After that, it answers the key question: Is academic entrepreneurialism a universal concept? By academic entrepreneurialism, it refers to the phenomenon that universities are willing to supply knowledge for capitalising new opportunities, managing risks and maximising revenues, reputation, or human capital in response to the demands for education, research and knowledge solutions by the knowledge society and economy, as well as developing new markets for their knowledge-based services and goods. This paper draws on global perspective and the case of Chinese higher education, and engages in conceptual discussions about the applied universality of academic entrepreneurialism and its limitations of making sense of cultural uniqueness in various contexts. We argue that academic entrepreneurialism is not a universal and all-encompassing template but the beginning of constitutive, continuous and complex transformation of institutional reasoning of different universities across the world. Not taking the culturalist presuppositions, new ideas from this paper may be helpful for reconsidering, redesigning and reorganising research, education and engagement of universities beyond East and West so as to foster their self-understanding in the entrepreneurial age and future-oriented development.

The Intersection of Traditional Wisdom and Modern Education: Unpacking the Potential of Folk Pedagogy in the Context of India’s National Education Policy 2020

This article explores the critical interface of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 and the potential of folk pedagogy in enhancing India’s educational landscape. The NEP 2020, with its emphasis on local, indigenous knowledge systems and a transformative vision for India’s education system, provides an unprecedented opportunity for mainstreaming folk pedagogy into contemporary teaching-learning practices. Approved by the Union Cabinet in 2020 National Education Policy ushered in avant-garde reforms to the education policy of India. Folk pedagogy, a term used to describe traditional modes of education practiced by various indigenous and local communities, carries immense value in terms of cultural preservation, community engagement, and learner-centric methodologies. It promotes experiential learning, critical thinking, and creativity by organically integrating local culture, resources, and traditional wisdom into education. Its salient features and key recommendations exceptionally call for flexibility, multi-disciplinarity, critical thinking and ethical values, multilingualism and the three-language formula. An exceptional emphasis on the power of language and the inclusion of mother/regional under the larger context of Indian ethos has been witnessed for the time. NEP 2020 with such emphasis ushers a pedagogical paradigm shift that seeks to reestablish lost Indian pedagogical heritages and their folk orientation, where education is experiential, diverse, holistic, creative, critical, multidisciplinary and multilingual. By intertwining the principles of NEP 2020 with the rich, culturally diverse practices of folk pedagogy, the article envisages a dynamic, inclusive, and effective education system. It underscores the significant role folk pedagogy can play in achieving NEP’s objectives of creating an equitable and vibrant knowledge society by leveraging local knowledge systems and fostering a deep sense of respect towards the rich cultural heritage of India. The article critically reviews the extent to which NEP 2020 allows for the incorporation of folk pedagogy in its framework, and analyzes how this can be made more effective. It addresses challenges and potential strategies for incorporating folk pedagogy into the mainstream educational practices and curriculum development. The article argues for an extensive dialogue and collaboration among educators, policymakers, and community stakeholders to facilitate this integration, ultimately nurturing a pedagogical system that is grounded in the culture, context, and aspirations of learners. This strategic amalgamation could empower India’s education system to meet the future challenges of the rapidly evolving global knowledge economy, while staying true to its unique cultural roots.

Education and Academic Communication: Functions and Intersections

Abstract: The crisis in education has been the problem for many decades and entropy in education does exist. The aim is to present a situation in Serbia concerning education and reforms as well as to highlight a new strategy in the process of education. The hypothesis is that entropy could be replaced by synergy and academic honesty could be integrated in the legal system in the domain of education in Serbia. The focus is on several topics: Good practices of scholars from the USA in the field of shared responsibility for student learning as a creative approach to reforms in education are presented. A few examples of negative appearances in the structure and organization in educational institutions in Serbia are analysed too. Some perspectives are described. The first one is related to unity, responsibility, and trust between all parties responsible for the successful education: teachers, students, and parents, local and state representatives. The second one is that without democratic media and objective and true information about the real situation in the domain of education, all efforts toward achieving progress will remain locked in the paper work and empty promises of a bureaucratic way of thinking in the field of education. Кеywords: education, entropy, synergy, academic honesty, knowledge society, media.

University students’ competences in ICT: A view from the education domain

Contemporary university students face the knowledge society, where mastering information and communication technologies (ICT) is an essential requirement to form part of this society. The objective of our study was to validate a basic ICT competences model made up of three ICT competence subsets (technological, pedagogical and ethical) influenced by various personal and contextual factors. For this purpose, a cross-sectional explanatory correlation design was used, with a sample of 646 university students from the University of Valencia (Spain), collecting the information through a questionnaire. A multiple indicators and multiple causes model was used to validate the students’ ICT competences model. The results revealed that ICT competences form a single set made up of three subsets of competences: technological, pedagogical and ethical. An asymmetrical explanatory relation was found between the technological and pedagogical competences on the one hand and between the ethical and pedagogical competences on the other hand. The factors gender, area in which the degree is taught and the frequency of using a computer with the Internet impacted on the three subsets of competences. The model shows the complexity of university students’ ICT competences, with training in ICT competences being an important element to consider. Implications for practice or policy: University leaders have to include the three ICT competence subsets in the curriculum. University teachers must promote the three ICT competence subsets in their classes. Instructional designers and educational technologists should include the three ICT competences subsets in their training plans.

Integrity and Ethics in Scientific Research: What's the Problem?

It discusses what constitutes the problem of Integrity and Ethics in Scientific Research worldwide and, in particular, what challenge it poses to FUNDECIT in Angola, based on its Statute, literature and press reports. Research produces scientific knowledge which, ever since, and even more so in the modern information/global knowledge society, is the basis of the economy and development. Good practices in the application of the scientific method, integrity, ethics and deontology make it possible to permanently obtain reliable and relevant knowledge. Bad practices, on the other hand, corrupt the system by introducing potentially wrong knowledge, waste resources, and create unfair competition. Thus, all actors in science (researchers, research groups, research and development institutions, funding agencies and global organizations) must promote training and education, policies and practices that are honest and pro-ethical. FUNDECIT's Statute advocates “respecting ethical standards, with a view to protecting and ensuring integrity” and promoting training in project management. Although medicine, bioethics, the environment, and other areas have their specificities, no investigation dispenses with integrity and ethics. The Creating a Culture of Publication Integrity Together (https://publicationethics.org/) and Plagiarism (https://plagiarism.org/), the Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals websites (https://www.icmje.org/icmje -recommendations.pdf), and the BMJ Scientific Misconduct (https://www.bmj.com/abou0tbmj/ resourcesauthors/formspoliciesandchecklists/scientificmisconduct) deal with this matter. The challenge publish or perish cannot be done at the expense of integrity, ethics and truth. As Mia Couto says, “you have to show that it pays to be honest” (https://www.geledes.org.br/discurso-proferido-por-mia-couto-ao-receber-o-titulo-doutor-honoriscausa-pela-universidade-politecnica-de-maputo/).

Who Am I? The Influence of Knowledge Networks on PhD Students' Formation of a Researcher Role Identity.

Higher education institutes both foster the advancement of knowledge and address society's socioeconomic and environmental challenges. To fulfil these multiple missions requires significant changes to how the role of a researcher is perceived e.g. a researcher identity that is congruent with the objective of contributing to fundamental knowledge while also engaging with non-academic actors, broadly, and entrepreneurship, in particular. We argue that the early stages of an academic career-namely the PhD training trajectory-and the knowledge networks formed during this period have a major influence on the scientist's future capacity to develop an appropriate researcher role identity. We draw on knowledge network and identity theories to investigate how the knowledge networks (i.e. business, scientific and career knowledge networks) of PhD students promote changes to, reinforce or conflict with the perception of a researcher role identity. Our longitudinal qualitative network study includes PhD students and their supervisors funded by the H2020 FINESSE project. At the network level, we show that scientific knowledge is distributed equally throughout young academics' networks but that entrepreneurial (business) and career knowledge tend to be concentrated around certain individuals in these networks. On the PhD student level, we observe different pronunciations of the researcher role identity linked to students' interactions with their knowledge networks. We distinguish identity conflicts due to misalignment between ego and alters which leads to withdrawal from the network. Our findings have practical implications and suggest that universities and PhD student supervisors should support PhD students to develop a researcher identity which is in line with the individual PhD student's expectations.

ВІРТУАЛІЗАЦІЯ ТА СОЦІАЛІЗАЦІЯ ЯК ЗАСОБИ РОЗВИТКУ ОСОБИСТОСТІ

One of factors that influence on personality is an origin of new agents of socialization, that appear in the process of informative co- operation. Therefore research of these factors of influence on socialization of personality, causes and effects of changes, a personality structure is subject that, appears perspective enough. Initial and fundamental pre-condition at consideration of problem of socialization is a thesis about indissoluble co-operation of man and societies. In modern terms virtual space can considerably influence on social processes, including, on socialization in space of modern society. With a concept personality social philosophy links the higher form of existence of representative of human society. An individual in the process of social development moves from a man to individuality and from her to personality. Socialization foresees becoming of social essence of man, including of her in the system of social roles and statuses, her development as a subject of social vital functions. She is a continuous process, the intermediate and eventual results of that are incuse all array of the vital impressions and experience personalities that she acquires in the process of the vital functions. Taking into account it is accepted to distinguish primary and secondary socializations complication of process of socialization. As founding for such distinction primary groups, social educations that is characterized by close, direct copulas with a separate individual understand under that, come forward, foremost. They are primary in a few senses, but mainly is foundation for forming of social nature and system of the valued orientations. Primary socialization is determined as and, that an individual yields in childhood and due to that he becomes the member of society. As a result of primary socialization for a man the sufficient level of consciousness, capacity is formed for self-control, mastering of role-play behavior, that result in the origin of adequate connections with surrounding people and society. Among all persons that surround a man, on the first place in this process there are those, who can be named «meaningful other» : those, to whom listens, with whom itself is identified by a concrete individual. Secondary socialization is every next process that allows to the already socialized personality to adapt oneself to the new social terms. And primary, and secondary socializations опосередковуються other elements of society of both the system : as by separate individuals and by task forces and institutes. From this large spectrum of values in every separate situation gets out only one and becomes спонукачем to the action, counteraction, or inactivity. Socialization is a not mechanical transmission of sum of knowledge, abilities and options. A new sociocultural situation carefully takes away from experience past those elements that straight or side will assist to their development, aiming to eliminate that does not assist it. In the process of social practice there always is a selection of the most meaningful for life society of social knowledge, ability and options. Transformation of social space is determined by that границі of the same social education mutate due to the degree of distribution of concrete social senses and values. It follows marks here, that the not only realized but also irresponsible архетипічні offenses that influence on behavior of people enter in the complement of the spiritual measuring of social space. In addition, too a social environment gives absolutely different results to socialization for different people and task forces. It is possible to assume that such results are conditioned by that, how it was already marked higher, that during every moment of socialization the different vital impressions influence on a man. Socialization and cultural authentication of man in of інфокомунікаційному space of computer networks will be realized due to belonging of individual to the that or other network concord or through the virtual reconstruction of social status, or through the active and free constructing of the virtual «І» and personal identity.

Practice and Exploration of “Internet Plus” in School Teaching Management

“Internet plus” is a new form of economic and social development driven by innovation in knowledge society 2.0. With the continuous deepening of the reform of talent training mode, the concept of mixed teaching is gradually taking root in people's minds. To promote the development and reform of the school’s teaching management, Zhongliang Xiangyun Branch of Chengdu Longjiang Road Primary School has improved the school’s teaching management ability and level as a whole by utilizing the high-quality innovative educational resources provided by the Tsinghua University project team's Internet platform. The school utilizes the high-quality curriculum resources provided by Tsinghua University’s Internet platform to continuously optimize teaching methods and measures, and explores the goal of a smart classroom around core literacy. We focus on deep learning, combined with the concept of the new national curriculum standards and the requirements of the digital transformation of education, to propose a new idea of smart classroom teaching in schools. We use online research and learning resources to enrich teacher training paths and provide talent support for classroom reform. In addition, the school combines offline research and training platforms to improve the teaching level of teachers and enable their growth. We rely on online teaching management services to improve the management level of cadres and teachers, and further ensure the high-level implementation of school classroom teaching and the high-quality development of classroom teaching. These measures have effectively promoted the education and teaching ability and level of all teachers in the school and successfully promoted the development of school teaching management towards a more scientific and efficient direction.

Ақпараттық қоғамдағы тұлғаның құндылықтық әлемі

The article considers, first of all, the nature of the information society as a new stage of social development. An analysis of the prerequisites and signs of the development of the information society will be carried out. Special attention is paid to identifying the successes and dangers of the information society. It is shown that the current stage of development of the information society is characterized by the formation of a “knowledge society”. Attention is focused on the value world of the individual in the culture of the information society and is determined by the specifics of the value world of the individual as a phenomenon of the culture of the information society and the image of the socio-cultural process. It is proposed to consider the potential of the value world of the individual as a model of the future information society. In order to recognize the value world of man in the information society, an overview of the history of values is given, it is noted that a massive crisis is taking place in our modern culture, ritual traditions and value orientations, and to solve it, the most important task of modern culture is to create in the future a new system of spiritual values that will guide and regulate the progressive development of mankind. Methods of philosophical and theoretical generalization of domestic and foreign sources, description, systematization and comparison of research materials, hermeneutics were used as the main methods of studying the problem of the value world of the individual in the information society.

USING GOOGLE JAMBOARD IN TEACHING SOCIO-GEOGRAPHIC DISCIPLINES TO FUTURE GEOGRAPHY TEACHERS

The article highlights the problems of using the Google Jamboard board in the educational process of higher education students on the example of social and geographical disciplines of OPP Secondary education (Geography. Biology and human health). It is noted that globalization, the transition to scientific and information technologies, the formation of a “knowledge society” significantly affect the nature of education, in particular, the perception of its quality. Information technologies in training make it possible to achieve the main goals of the modernization of education: to improve the quality of education and training, to ensure the formation of a harmoniously developed personality, ideally positioned in the information space. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russian-Ukrainian war, when online learning is a challenge of our time, informatization of education is especially relevant. The results of a questionnaire survey applicants for higher education. The attraction to the use of Jamboard in the process of teaching social and geographical disciplines has been determined. It is noted that thanks to the use of Google Jamboard in teaching social and geographical disciplines of future geography teachers, several important tasks are solved at once. Applicants for education form a steady interest in the process of acquiring knowledge, ability to search, process and analyze information from a variety of sources, to work confidently and critically using information society technologies and communication, the ability to work in a team, to communicate on professional issues.
 Keywords: innovation; informatization of education; information technology of training; interactive whiteboard; Google Jamboard; information society; computerized learning; technical means of training.

Externalities in Education, Scientific Knowledge and Scientific Research

This paper explores how different activities of the State: the outcomes of education, scientific knowledge and research, and technology are interdependent with both positive and negative externalities of society and market structure. It discusses specifically the significance of education, the information wealth of a global knowledge society and the dilemma of the economics of knowledge, which, at the same time have important implications for private investment and intellectual property protections of the new knowledge. This paper aims to examine the complex interactions between the market's role and State intervention in order to achieve two goals: satisfying monetary interests and maintaining balance between technological innovation and productivity gains. Additionally, governmental policy tools play a crucial role in providing equal access to education, open-source knowledge, and research and development opportunities, which allows both society and inventors to benefit from new technology.

Formation of digital communication in the organizational and pedagogical activity of the university

Problem statement. The active development of digital technologies has had a serious impact on the field of education and led to the formation of a new information and communication environment at universities. Within the framework of the study, the features of the formation of digital communication of organizational and pedagogical activity of a modern university were considered. Methodology. The main methods chosen are a SWOT analysis of opportunities and threats associated with the introduction of the digital environment at the university, and a sociological survey to assess the attitude of all participants in the educational process to the digitalization of the university. Results. The study of the process of digital communication of the university's activities made it possible to design a pilot communication model of organizational and pedagogical activity of the university in a new digital environment. The trends in the development of the knowledge society focused on the activities of higher educational institutions and the sphere of educational services are also identified. The main provisions in the field of the processes of formation of elite consciousness and professional domestic elite capable of continuing the development of progress have been formed. Conclusion. The proposed pilot version of modeling the digital environment of the university helped to formulate the basic requirements for the organization of higher school activities and highlight the current directions of development: activation of innovative and creative potential of students, scientific and project activity of the teaching staff, improvement of the competence-based professional level of training of personnel and employees of the university, contributing, among other things, to personal development and increased labor efficiency. This strategy will help the university become a brand and take a stable position in a competitive environment, create stable economic development, and, as a result, expand partnerships, scientific and educational projects that give the right to enter the modern socio-cultural space of the country and the world.

Folk Weapon, Tactic and Belief in the War of Independence of Bangladesh in 1971 in the Context of Sector 8

Publish in April Month The deadliest genocide since World War II culminated in 1971 with Pakistani massacres in Bangladesh. Nine counts of crimes against humanity were committed by the Pakistani military. Approximately 3 million people were killed, 2 hundred thousand women were raped, and more than 10 million were forced to seek asylum in India, a neighboring country. Additionally, during the brutal nine months of the War of Liberation in Bangladesh, 45 million people experienced internal displacement. The Freedom Fighters and the Indian Allied Forces, who fought with weapons for a long time, freed the country completely. Since the country got its independence, this conflict has been studied and researched like any other war. Despite being largely a people's war, it has never been the subject of a folklore study. In order to look at the new academic side of things, the research will focus on the folk aspects of the War of Independence of Bangladesh in 1971, such as a folk weapon, a folk technique, and a folk belief. This academic endeavor will have a strong connection to and contribution to the knowledge societies of Bangladesh and India, both neighboring countries, and it will aid in understanding how Bangladesh came into being from a folk spirit, sense of unity, and larger context.

Epistemic Trust as an Interactional Accomplishment in Pediatric Well-Child Visits: Parents’ Resistance to Solicited Advice as Performing Epistemic Vigilance

ABSTRACT Epistemic trust – i.e. the belief in knowledge claims we do not understand or cannot validate – is pivotal in healthcare interactions where trust in the source of knowledge is the foundation for adherence to therapy as well as general compliance with the physician’s suggestions. However, in the contemporary knowledge society professionals can no longer count on unconditional epistemic trust: boundaries of the legitimacy and extension criteria of expertise have become increasingly fuzzier and professionals must take into account laypersons’ expertise. Drawing on a conversation analysis-informed study of 23 videorecorded pediatrician-led well-child visits, the article deals with the communicative constitution of healthcare-relevant phenomena such as: epistemic and deontic struggles between parents and pediatricians, the local accomplishment of (responsible) epistemic trust, and the possible outcomes of blurred boundaries between the layperson’s and the professional’s “expertise.” In particular, we illustrate how epistemic trust is communicatively built in sequences where parents request the pediatrician’s advice and resist it. The analysis shows how parents perform epistemic vigilance by suspending the immediate acceptance of the pediatrician’s advice in favor of inserting expansions that make it relevant for the pediatrician to account for her advice. Once the pediatrician has addressed parents’ concerns, parents perform (delayed) acceptance, which we assume indexes what we call responsible epistemic trust. While acknowledging the advantages of what seems to be a cultural change in parent-healthcare provider encounters, in the conclusion we advance that possible risks are implied in contemporary fuzziness of the legitimacy and extension criteria of expertise in doctor-patient interaction.

Реалізація принципу достовірності інформації у сфері забезпечення доступу до інформації

The article deals with the theoretical and practical basis of implementation of the principle of reliability of information in the field of ensuring access to information. To conduct the research, the author used general scientific and specialized methods of cognition, namely comparative and legal, formal and juridical, method of legal modeling, method of system analysis and others. The goal of the research is to develop theoretical fundamentals which specify peculiarities of implementing the principle of reliability of information. It is marked that the problems of reliability of information have recently attracted scientists’ great attention and become the object of information and legal scientific researches devoted to ensuring reliability within the framework of certain legal relationship. The work analyzes doctrinal ideas about reliability as a general property of information, factors influencing appearance of false information. The researcher makes review of the scientific literature and opinions concerning the category of “reliable information” in jurisprudence. Reliable information is considered as accurate, complete data representing objective reality, admitted by subjects of the developing relationship. To assure such conditions, different legal and other tools can be used, including publication, official introduction into specialized registers, as well as other information and legal systems, into the state (public) information systems, appeal to the presumption of reliability of information, etc. The information and legal principle of reliability should be viewed as an independent aspect which consists in the necessity of providing, obtaining, keeping, producing and distributing information that is true regardless of the principle of timeliness of information. The author proves the system character of the legal support for reliability of information, identifies a system of legal support for reliability of information, defines its features, functions, peculiarities and tendencies of development in the process of providing access to information in the age of developing information society, digital transformation and transition to the knowledge society.

Features of realization of the principle of reliability of information

Goal. The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical provisions on the peculiarities of ensuring the implementation of the principle of reliability of information. Method. The technique includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of existing scientific and theoretical material and formulation of appropriate conclusions. The research used methods of scientific knowledge: comparative-legal, logical-semantic, functional, system-structural, logical-normative. Results. The article deals with the theoretical and practical principles of implementation of the principle of reliability of information in the field of access to information. It is stated that the problem of reliability of information has recently become the subject of information and legal research on ensuring reliability within individual legal relationships. Scientific novelty. Doctrinal views on the accuracy of information, factors that influence the formation of false information are analyzed. Analysis of the available in the scientific literature, in the jurisprudence of views on the category "reliable information" was carried out. It is stated that reliable information should be considered as accurate, complete information (messages, data) reflecting objective reality recognized as entities that are formed. Different legal and other means, including publication, official inclusion and storage in special registers, registers, as well as in other information and legal systems, in state (public) information systems, use of the reception of presumption of information and information and information and information may be used to ensure this condition. Other. It is stated that the information and legal principle of reliability should be considered independent, which is the need to provide, obtain, store, production, production and disseminate information that is true, regardless of the principle of timeliness of information provision. Practical significance. The systematic nature of the legal support of information is substantiated, the system of legal support of information is distinguished, its features, functions, features and trends in the process of providing access to information, in the conditions of development of information society, digital transformation and transition to society of knowledge are determined.

Safe and healthy working conditions taking into account the concept of corporate social responsibility

Providing safe and healthy working conditions is the responsibility of every employer, but without additional forms of support, this may not be enough to prevent and stop accidents at work. The employer should continually implement measures to improve safety and continually look after the health and lives of his employees. One such measure may be to implement the concept of corporate social responsibility in the company's strategy, taking into account OSH regulations. It is a programme to raise the awareness and knowledge of workers about hazards and occupational risks associated with their work and how to effectively protect themselves against their effects. The aim of the article is to present the concept of corporate social responsibility in terms of safe and healthy working conditions. At the same time, the article is an attempt to answer the question - based on the results of surveys that are an individual review - what is the level of society's knowledge about CSR and to estimate the relationship between corporate social responsibility and occupational safety and health in the workplaces of students of the Pomeranian University in Słupsk.