Knowledge Of Cancer Screening Research Articles

Predictive factors based on the health belief model on cancer screening behaviour in first degree relatives of patients with Lynch syndrome-associated colorectal cancer

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate colorectal cancer-related knowledge, health beliefs, and screening behaviour in first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with Lynch syndrome-associated colorectal cancer (CRC) and explore the predictive factors of screening behaviour based on a health belief model. MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in the colorectal department of a Class A tertiary hospital in Guangzhou from December 2017 to December 2019. A total of 265 FDRs of 96 patients with Lynch syndrome-related CRC were selected. The study was conducted in the colorectal department of a tertiary cancer centre in Guangzhou. The demographic questionnaire, the simplified CRC knowledge questionnaire, and the Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale were used for evaluation. Data were analyzed using statistical description, between-group comparisons, and binary logistic regression. ResultsA total of 160 (60.4%), 61 (23.0%), and 44 (16.6%) of the participants had high, medium, and low levels of knowledge about CRC, respectively; the average overall score of health belief was 121.36 ± 13.02. Sixty-one participants (23.0%) underwent Lynch syndrome-associated cancer screening. The predictive factors of screening behaviour included sex (male), age (older), married status (married), multiple primary cancers of the index patients, and high levels of knowledge and health beliefs (P < 0.05). ConclusionsThe knowledge and health beliefs of cancer and cancer screening in FDRs of patients with Lynch syndrome-associated CRC should be improved. Both knowledge and beliefs are critical in promoting their cancer screening behaviour. Interventions should focus on health education and enhance health beliefs of the FDRs for better screening behaviour.

Knowledge, Practice and Barriers on Cervical Cancer Screening among Married Women.

Cervical cancer is a most common preventable public health problem. Despite availability of various screening services at Biratnagar, many barriers restrict its utilization. So, we aimed to assess the knowledge, practice and barriers of cervical cancer screening among 30-60 years married women in Biratnagar, Morang, Nepal. We conducted a community based cross sectional study in Biratnagar Morang from December 2020 to December 2021. Consecutive sampling technique was used to collect data from 280 married women of 30-60 years. Ethical approval was obtained from Nepal Health Research Council and informed consent was taken from study participants. Data was collected by face to face interview using a semi structured questionnaire. All participants had heard of cervical cancer. Most (93.9%) responded to multiple sexual partners as a risk factor and 97.9% responded to excessive vaginal bleeding as a symptom. Most (97.1%) responded that cervical cancer is preventable and 44.1% were aware of pap smear test. Eighty-four (30%) participants had ever been screened for cervical cancer. Unavailability of health insurance (85.2%), high cost of treatment (83.1%), lack of nearby service availability (70.9%), embarrassment (44.8%), presence of male doctors (43.8%), problems in time management (28.01%), no advice from health care providers (22.9%), unaware of screening (15.8%) and beliefs on traditional healers (7.1%) were barriers. In comparison to knowledge, practice of cervical cancer screening is low suggesting existence of know-do gap. Various barriers that prevent cervical cancer screening were evident.

A cross-sectional study of knowledge, attitudes, barriers and practices of cervical cancer screening among nurses in selected hospitals in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

BackgroundCervical cancer is a preventable but highly prevalent cancer in many low -and middle-income countries including South Africa. Cervical cancer outcomes can be improved with improved vaccination, a well-coordinated and efficient screening programme, increased community awareness and uptake, and increased knowledge and advocacy of health professionals. This study therefore aimed to ascertain the knowledge, attitudes, practices and barriers of cervical cancer screening among nurses of selected rural hospitals in South Africa.MethodsA quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in five hospitals in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa between October and December 2021. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess demographic characteristics of nurses and cervical cancer knowledge, attitudes, barriers and practices. A knowledge score of 65% was deemed adequate. Data were captured in Microsoft Excel Office 2016 and exported to STATA version 17.0 for analysis. Descriptive data analyses were used to report the results.ResultsA total of 119 nurses participated in the study with just under two thirds (77/119, 64.7%) being professional nurses. Only 15.1% (18/119) of participants were assessed as having obtained a good knowledge score of ≥ 65%. The majority of these (16/18, 88.9%) were professional nurses. Of the participants with a good knowledge score, 61.1% (11/18) were from Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital, the only teaching hospital studied. Cervical cancer was deemed to be a disease of public health importance by 74.0% (88/119). However, only 27.7% (33/119) performed cervical cancer screening. Most of the participants (116/119, 97.5%) had an interest of attending more cervical cancer training.ConclusionThe majority of nurse participants did not have adequate knowledge about cervical cancer and screening, and few performed screening tests. Despite this, there is a high level of interest in being trained. Meeting these training needs is of utmost importance to implementing a comprehensive cervical cancer screening programme in South Africa.

Assessing Spanish Health Literacy and Cervical Cancer Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors in a Student-Run Free Clinic.

While the incidence of cervical cancer continues to decrease, there is a significant discrepancy in incidence rates and screening behaviors among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white patients in the USA. This project examines the relationship between Spanish health literacy and cervical cancer screening knowledge, attitudes, and practices among native Spanish-speaking patients at risk for cervical cancer at the USF BRIDGE Healthcare Clinic, a student-run free clinic in Tampa, FL. Spanish-speaking patients ≥21 years (n = 34) participated in a quality improvement project that included an assessment of Spanish health literacy and a written survey on cervical cancer knowledge. Chi-squared tests were performed to assess potential relationships between health literacy and cervical cancer knowledge, attitudes, health behaviors, and demographics. Seven participants (20.6%) scored between 0 and 14 on the SAHL-S, indicating inadequate health literacy. A significant difference in cervical cancer health knowledge was found between patients with adequate health literacy compared to patients with inadequate health literacy (p = 0.002). There is a potential association between low Spanish health literacy and subsequent poorer understanding of cervical cancer in BRIDGE patients. This implies that patients of low health literacy may have poorer comprehension of other aspects of their care beyond cervical cancer screening. Strategies are discussed to improve communication with BRIDGE patients of low Spanish health literacy that may be applicable to other patient populations.

Evaluation of unimodal and multimodal information in health communication on GGO-related lung cancer screening: An eye-tracking study

To find out a better propaganda and education plan for the popularization of the ground-glass opacities-related (GGO-related) lung cancer screening. The control group took a lung cancer screening knowledge test directly before receiving the health education. By contrast, the experimental group took the same knowledge test after receiving health education. This study designed unimodal and multimodal materials about GGO-related lung cancer. The text and graph were considered unimodal information, while the video was multimodal information. According to the different information forms they were exposed to, the experimental group was further divided into text, graphic, and video groups. An eye-tracking system was performed to record eye-tracking data synchronously. Compared with the control group, the knowledge test scores of each experimental group were remarkably improved. Furthermore, the graphic group had a significantly higher correct rate on the No. 7 question, while the video group had the lowest. In terms of saccades, the video group had significantly higher speed and amplitude of saccades than the other two groups. In terms of fixation, the interval duration, total duration of whole fixations, and a number of whole fixations of the graphic group were significantly lower than those of the other two groups, while the video group had the highest values for these variables. It was on the unimodal information, such as text and graphics, that people can spend less time and cost to achieve effective acquisition of GGO-related lung cancer screening knowledge.

Perceptions of Transgender and Nonbinary Persons Toward Breast and Cervical Cancer Development, Screening, and Potential Impact on Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy.

Approximately 1.6% of adult Americans identify as transgender (TG) or nonbinary (NB) and many take gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). Little data exist to inform breast and cervical cancer risks, gender-specific screening guidelines, and inclusive cancer treatment algorithms that consider GAHT. We aimed to assess TGNB persons' perceptions on breast and cervical cancer development, screening knowledge and practices, and attitude toward GAHT in the setting of a hormone receptor-positive breast cancer diagnosis. This single-institution survey study was conducted through an LGBTQ+ focused clinic from 2021 to 2022. Noncisgender patients age ≥ 18 years who were English speaking were eligible to participate. A 5-point Likert scale was used to assess concern of developing breast (all participants) and cervical cancer (those assigned female sex at birth). Demographic and quantitative variables were examined in comparison with responses via chi-squared tests. Eighty-six participants completed the survey: 43% TG men, 24% TG women, and 20% NB persons. Most (84.9%) were age < 40 years, and 86% were non-Hispanic White. The majority were unaware of breast (77%) or cervical (60%) cancer screening recommendations for their sex assigned at birth or their gender. Approximately 35% reported concern regarding breast cancer development and of those age > 40 years; only 50% had undergone screening mammography. Of those assigned female sex at birth with an intact cervix, 47% were concerned about cervical cancer development and 46.6% had a Papanicolaou smear within the past 5 years. Nearly all (87.2%) were on GAHT, and 35.1% reported they would not consider stopping GAHT if diagnosed with a hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. The findings support the need for patient and provider education on screening options and large prospective cohort data to elucidate optimal gender-specific screening guidelines and treatment algorithms.

An Adapted Cancer Screening Education Program for Native American Women With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and Their Caregivers: Protocol for Feasibility and Acceptability Testing.

Women with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) do not undergo breast and cervical cancer screening at the same rate as women without IDD. IDDs are diagnosed in childhood, are lifelong, and involve difficulties in adaptive behaviors and intellectual functioning. Native American women also experience disparities in breast and cervical cancer screenings. Despite known disparities, women with IDD are often not included in health promotion programs, and there is a need for evidence-based programming for those with intersectional identities, such as Native American women with IDD. This study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of My Health My Choice (MHMC), an adaptation of the Women Be Healthy 2 program. There are 2 parts to the study: adaptation of the Women Be Healthy 2 program and feasibility and acceptability testing of MHMC. Individuals aged over 18 years who identify as Native American females with IDD and their caregivers (N=30 women-caregiver dyads) are eligible for the study. Participants, who are affiliated with 2 partnering sites in Arizona (1 rural and 1 urban), complete pre- and postsurveys assessing knowledge, self-efficacy, and screening expectations before and immediately after completing the program. In addition, all participants complete brief satisfaction surveys after each of the 6 educational sessions. A subsample of Native American women with an IDD (n=12), caregivers (n=12), and community health educators (n=2) who participate in the MHMC program will provide semistructured qualitative input regarding the content, delivery, and cultural relevance of the program. The adaptation of the culturally responsive MHMC program was completed in August 2021. In November 2021, the project team began recruitment for feasibility and acceptability studies. Feasibility will be examined using participation metrics, and acceptability will be measured using satisfaction measures. Pre- and postmeasures in cancer screening knowledge, self-efficacy, and screening expectations will examine improvements among participants. The results of feasibility and acceptability testing of MHMC will guide future implementation studies of the program. DERR1-10.2196/37801.

Knowledge and awareness of colorectal cancer among a predominantly Indigenous Caribbean community

ObjectiveTo assess awareness levels and knowledge of colorectal cancer (CRC) and CRC screening among an Indigenous Caribbean community.MethodsA community-based participatory research project was developed to perform a needs assessment of cancer prevention and education in an Indigenous non-metropolitan community in Dominica. Purposive sampling occurred at a local health clinic. Data was collected from 58 eligible patients via a 57-item structured interview. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and demographic correlates of CRC knowledge and awareness were assessed using chi-square and Fisher Exact tests.ResultsOf 58 participants, 72.4% identified as Indigenous, and 36.5% had heard of CRC. Most respondents (96.1%) believed CRC screening to be “important,” yet only 3.0% of those who were age eligible had received screening in the prior 10 years, and 12.5% knew how to get screened. More respondents with incomes over $5,000 ECD had heard of CRC (72.2%) compared to those who had not (21.7%), and those who were unsure (16.7%, p < 0.01). Among those with a family cancer history, 14.3% knew how to get tested for CRC, 60.0% did not, and 25.0% were unsure (p < 0.03).ConclusionDespite limited familiarity with CRC screening, participants broadly believed CRC screening to be important. Health education research is needed to develop patient-centered, culturally appropriate materials about CRC screening and prevention. Future work facilitating productive community partnerships and incorporating prevailing community traditions may align cancer prevention and education initiatives with community priorities.

The Practice and Willingness of Women Towards Opportunistic Screening for Breast and Cervical Cancers in Sichuan Province, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

To understand the practices and willingness of Chinese women to undergo opportunistic screening for breast cancer (BC) and cervical cancer (CC). From July to August 2021, a cross-sectional study of 1446 women from six cities in Sichuan Province, China, was conducted. A questionnaire was used to investigate practices, willingness, and barriers to opportunistic screening for BC and CC. Furthermore, potential factors for opportunistic screening willingness were analyzed using the chi-squared test and logistic regression. During their lifetime, 312 (21.6%) and 388 (26.8%) women had undergone opportunistic screening for BC and CC, respectively. There were 1069 (73.9%) women willing to accept physician-recommended screening during a medical visit, while 835 (57.7%) were willing to have a voluntary screening at a healthcare institution. The main barriers to reluctance to participate in physician-recommended and voluntary screenings were "no symptoms; hence, no need for screening" and "unwillingness or difficulty in paying screening cost". Ethnic minorities, lower education levels, and menopause were inversely associated, whereas awareness of the screening methods and eligibility for screening were positively associated with physician-recommended and voluntary screenings (P < 0.05). Furthermore, awareness of "two-cancers" screening was positively associated with physician-recommended screening (P < 0.05). BC and CC opportunistic screening rates in Sichuan Province were low. The willingness to undergo physician-recommended screening was high, while that towards individual initiative screening was low. Public health education should be strengthened to increase cancer prevention awareness and knowledge of cancer screening, especially for women with low education, ethnic minorities, and post-menopause, for whom tailored interventions are suggested. In addition, novel ways of sharing screening costs need to be explored.

Knowledge and acceptability of cervical cancer screening among female undergraduates in Babcock University Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Cervical cancer (CC) is currently the fourth most common cancer among women. There are several factors which have, in recent times, posed a threat to the recognition and acceptance of CC screening in Nigeria. This study was undertaken to assess the predictors of knowledge of female undergraduates at Babcock University, Ogun State, Nigeria, on CC screening and the level of acceptance readiness. This study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey of 345 female undergraduates at Babcock University, Ogun State, Nigeria, using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Data collected were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 software. Hypotheses were tested using Pearson product-moment correlation at p < 0.05 level of significance. This study revealed that majority of the respondents have a substantial awareness and knowledge of CC screening (68.4%). The study suggested that health talk and level of exposure might be responsible for the good knowledge. While 47.5% were ready to undergo CC screening, 76.2% were ready to undergo the screening if a health professional performed the procedure, and 66.1% will tell their family members to go for screening. However, 49.9% reported not having the correct information on CC screening. A significant correlation was found between knowledge and acceptability of CC screening among the students (r = -0.366, p ˂ 0.05). Also, this study suggested that the age of female undergraduates is correlated with acceptance of CC screening (r = -0.221, p ˂ 0.05). As the acceptability of CC screening was high, CC screening facilities could be made available for the students. Similarly, educational interventions to improve awareness of CC screening among this population are warranted, as over one-third reported they did not have the correct information on CC screening.

Using Community Health Advisors to Increase Lung Cancer Screening Awareness in the Black Belt: a Pilot Study.

Disease stage at the time of diagnosis is the most important determinant of prognosis for lung cancer. Despite demonstrated effectiveness of lung cancer screening (LCS) in reducing lung cancer mortality, early detection continues to elude populations with the highest risk for lung cancer death. Consistent with the national rate, current screening rate in Alabama is dismal at 4.2%. While public awareness of LCS may be a likely cause, there are no studies that have thoroughly evaluated current knowledge of LCS within the Deep South. Therefore, we measured LCS knowledge before and after receiving education delivered by community health advisors (CHAs) among high-risk individuals living in medically underserved communities of Alabama and to determine impact of psychological, demographic, health status, and cognitive factors on rate of lung cancer screening participation. Participants were recruited from one urban county and six rural Black Belt counties (characterized by poverty, rurality, unemployment, low educational attainment, and disproportionate lack of access to health services). One hundred individuals (i) aged between 55 and 80years; (ii) currently smoke or have quit within the past 15years; and (iii) have at least a total of 30-pack-year smoking history were recruited. Knowledge scores to assess lung cancer knowledge were calculated. Paired t-test was used to assess pre- and post-knowledge score improvement. Screening for lung cancer was modeled as a function of predisposed factors (age, gender, insurance, education, fatalism, smoking status, and history of family lung cancer). Average age was 62.94 (SD = 6.28), mostly female (54%); mostly current smokers (53%). Most participants (80.85%) reported no family history of cancer. Fatalism was low, with a majority of the participants disagreeing that a cancer diagnosis is pre-destined (67.7%) and that there are no treatments for lung cancer (88.66%). Overall, lung cancer knowledge increased significantly from baseline of 4.64 (SD = 2.37) to 7.61 (SD = 2.26). Of the 100 participants, 23 underwent screening due to lack of access to primary care providers and reluctance of PCPs to provide referral to LCS. Sixty-five percent of those who were screened reported no family history of lung cancer. Regression analysis revealed no significant association between risk factors and the decision to get screened by participants. Our study demonstrates that while CHA delivered education initiatives increases lung cancer screening knowledge, there are significant structural barriers that prohibit effective utilization of LCS which needs to be addressed.

Predictors of surgery choices in women with early-stage breast cancer in China: a retrospective study

BackgroundThe breast-conserving surgery and reconstruction rate in China is relatively low when compared with those in Western countries. Moreover, predictors of surgical choices for women with breast cancer in China have not yet been explored. This study aims to explore differences in the surgical choices of women with different demographic and clinical characteristics and the predictors that influence surgical choices of women with early-stage breast cancer.MethodsThis retrospective study included women with early-stage (0-II) breast cancer who underwent surgeries at one of two Xiamen University-affiliated hospitals between 2009 and 2017. Using medical records, eleven variables were collected: the woman's age, year of diagnosis, hospital, marital status, payment method, cancer stage, presence of positive axillary lymph node, histology, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and the type(s) of surgery they chose. Binary logistic regression was used to analyse predictors of surgical choice.ResultsA total of 1,787 cases were included in this study. Of the total number of women with breast cancer, 61.3% underwent mastectomy without breast reconstruction, 26.4% underwent mastectomy with breast reconstruction, and the remaining 12.2% chose breast-conserving surgery. Women with different demographic and clinical characteristics underwent different types of surgery. Cancer stage, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and the choice of hospital were found to be predictors of breast-conserving surgery. Meanwhile, age, year of diagnosis, payment method, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and the choice of hospital were found to be predictors of reconstruction after mastectomy in women with early-stage breast cancer.ConclusionsIn China, surgical choices for women with breast cancer have diversified. Healthcare workers should understand the surgical preferences of women of different ages. For early detection of breast cancer, knowledge of breast self-examination and breast cancer screening should be provided. Adequate information about the safety of reconstruction and advocacy for medical insurance coverage of reconstruction should be offer. Breast surgeons need specialised training and standardising protocols towards different types of breast surgery. These actions will help women make better, well-informed decisions about their breast surgeries.

Human Papillomavirus Knowledge and Cervical Cancer Screening Practice among Uzbekistan Women

Background: Data on the knowledge of the general population of Uzbekistan regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer screening practices are limited. This study aimed to assess the association between the knowledge and practice of cervical cancer screening among women in Uzbekistan. Methods: A baseline survey was conducted with 445 women aged 20–59 years who visited one of the three health centres of Tashkent, Uzbekistan, in December 2020. A questionnaire on the knowledge of HPV infection and cervical cancer screening practices was administered. The knowledge score, defined as the sum of the number of correct answers to the knowledge questions and the prevalence of cervical cancer screening practices, was analysed. The adjusted relative risk (RR) and low knowledge score (&lt;median) of (1) never screened and (2) not screened within 2 years for each demographic characteristic were calculated. Results: The median knowledge score was 10. Women who had been screened for cervical cancer accounted for 63.1% of the patients. Among them, 64.8% reported that their last cervical cancer screening test was within 2 years. A history of sexually transmitted diseases was associated with a lower risk of never being screened (adjusted RR = 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24, 0.78) and no screening within 2 years (0.54, 95% CI 0.30, 0.99). No university graduation was associated with a higher risk of not screening within 2 years (1.57, 95% CI 1.00, 2.47). Association between knowledge of HPV status and screening practices was not observed. Conclusions: Adequate knowledge of HPV and cervical cancer prevention may be insufficient for cervical cancer screening practices. This study provides context for the development of effective cervical cancer prevention strategies.

Assessing knowledge, attitude and practice towards prostate cancer screening among males in Southwest Tanzania: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundProstate cancer is common among men, and awareness can reduce associated deaths. Low knowledge of prostate cancer screening and wrong perceptions about prostate cancer leads to poor screening practices. Our study assessed knowledge, attitude and practice towards prostate cancer screening among male adults at Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital. MethodsThis hospital-based cross-sectional study used a random sampling technique to select men attending the hospital. Data was collected using a questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics, personal and familiar medical history of prostate cancer, knowledge about prostate cancer and its screening. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 23. ResultsOne hundred and thirty-two (132) men participated in the study. Participants ranged from 18 to 75 years, with a mean age of 41.57. This study found that while 72% of respondents had heard of prostate cancer, only 43.9% had knowledge of prostate cancer screening. Age was associated with prostate cancer screening knowledge (COR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.54, p < 0.001). Only 29.5% of respondents had a positive attitude toward prostate cancer screening. A small percentage (16.7%) had been tested for prostate cancer, but the majority (89.4%) were willing to be screened in the future. ConclusionThe study found that while most men in the study area had a basic understanding of prostate cancer, only a small percentage had a favourable knowledge of prostate cancer screening, with a low positive perception of screening. The study highlights the need to increase awareness of prostate cancer screening in Tanzania.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of cervical cancer screening and its associated risk factors among family planning service users at Debre Tabor town health facilities, North Central Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.

The fourth most common cancer in women worldwide is cervical cancer. Over 87% of deaths from cervical cancer occur in developing nations. One of the risks of developing cervical cancer is the use of oral contraceptives. However, there is limited evidence on the knowledge, attitude, and practice of cervical cancer screening among family planning service users in Ethiopia. To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice toward cervical cancer screening and its associated factors among family planning service users. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1 to February 28, 2023. A total of 816 participants were selected using a systematic sampling technique. Data were collected using a pretested, structured, and interviewer-administered questionnaire. The collected data were entered into EPI Data 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 24 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) for analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors. An odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value < 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. Overall, 42.5%, 36.6%, and 20.1% of the participants had good knowledge, a positive attitude, and practiced cervical cancer screening, respectively. Being single (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.39, 95% confidence intervals: 1.15-6.26), having college or university level of education (AOR = 8.03, 95% confidence intervals: 3.45-19.23), having a family history of cervical cancer (AOR = 3.14, 95% confidence intervals: 1.82-8.84), and having a source of information from the media (AOR = 1.74, 95% confidence intervals: 1.09-2.54) were significantly associated with good knowledge of cervical cancer screening. Women who were aged 15-23 years (AOR = 5.62, 95% confidence intervals: 2.76-14.56), had college- or university-level education (AOR = 3.69, 95% confidence intervals: 1.65-8.22), and had good knowledge of cervical cancer (AOR = 4.71, 95% confidence intervals: 3.08-7.55) were significantly associated with a positive attitude toward cervical cancer screening. An earlier age of first sexual intercourse (AOR = 5.0, 95% confidence intervals: 3.80-9.20) and good knowledge of cervical cancer (AOR = 1.52, 1.21-5.82) were positively associated with good practice of cervical cancer screening. Women who attended high school were negatively associated with good practice in cervical cancer screening (AOR = 0.46, 0.23-0.73). Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward cervical cancer screening were low. As a result, during patient visits for care delivery, healthcare providers should inform and educate patients about cervical cancer screening.

Abstract B056: Increasing knowledge of colorectal cancer (CRC) risk factors and screening through a community-based education initiative

Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening such as colonoscopy and stool test has been shown to be effective in reducing CRC burden, especially in the underprivileged communities. However, CRC awareness and screening uptake remained suboptimal, especially in racial/ethnic minority populations and non-Hispanic whites. Both CRC incidence and mortality rates are highest in non-Hispanic blacks (approximately 20% and 40%, respectively), and CRC screening uptake rates are lower in racial/ethnic minorities relative to non-Hispanic whites (NHWs). The cause for the disparities in incidence and mortality is multifactorial. One important aspect is the suboptimal knowledge and awareness of risk factors. Methods: To increase awareness of CRC prevention and screening, we collaborated with community-based organizations (CBOs) to develop culturally tailored educational materials targeting African/Black Americans (BAs), Asian Americans (AAs), and Hispanic Americans (HAs). The topics included essential CRC and screening knowledge, a healthy diet (Mediterranean diet), and at-home workout routines. Eligible participants from the Greater Philadelphia area and New York City participated in one-time education. Pre- and post-intervention surveys were designed based on the Colorectal Cancer Quiz provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and were administered to assess the immediate impact of the educational sessions. Results: The analysis sample included 413 participants, among which 388 completed the post-survey. One in ten (10.3%) reported a family history of CRC, and a half (50.6%) had never had a colonoscopy. The baseline CRC knowledge score was 9.5 out of 16, indicating a moderately low level of knowledge. Participants scored particularly low on the age of CRC screening initiation, needs for screening even without symptoms, and the impact of physical activity on CRC risk. The knowledge score significantly increased to 10.9 (p &amp;lt; .001) at post-survey, indicating a significant impact of the educational workshops. Conclusion: The findings of our project confirm that the CRC screening rates are low in racial/ethnic minorities compared to the U.S. national rate of 71.6%. Meanwhile, it also confirmed that culturally tailored, community-based educational initiatives can effectively raise knowledge of CRC in medically underserved populations. Citation Format: Ellen J. Kim, LIn Zhu, Wenyue Lu, Safa Ibrahim, Steven Zhu, Nathaly Rubio-Torio, Evelyn González, Marilyn A. Fraser, Ming-Chin Yeh, Grace X. Ma, Olorunseun O. Ogunwobi, Yin Tan. Increasing knowledge of colorectal cancer (CRC) risk factors and screening through a community-based education initiative [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B056.

Breast Cancer Screening: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Female University Students in The Gambia

Background. Breast cancer is the second most prevalent form of cancer in The Gambia, with an incidence rate of approximately 15% and a mortality rate exceeding 50% in 2020. The all‐age prevalence stands at 11.25 per 100,000 population. In light of this, we conducted a study to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of breast cancer screening among female university students. Method. We conducted an institutional cross‐sectional study involving 361 randomly sampled female university students. Data collection was done using a pretested, self‐administered questionnaire. We utilized descriptive statistics to describe the prevalence and burden of breast cancer screening among the participants. Results. Our study revealed good knowledge regarding breast cancer screening among female university students, yet 82.8% had a negative attitude about the disease. More than three‐quarters (76.6%) of the respondents had never practiced any form of breast cancer screening. Notably, there was a significant association between knowledge of breast cancer screening and attitude (p = 0.027), and factors such as level of study (p = 0.041), ethnicity (p = 0.026), parity (p = 0.018), and faculty of study (p = &lt;0.001) influenced the participants’ knowledge. Conclusion. It is crucial to implement comprehensive awareness campaigns to address the negative attitude and poor screening practices among female university students regarding breast cancer. Additionally, providing free and widespread breast cancer screening services to students should be considered as a means to combat this disease.

Prostate Cancer: Knowledge, Perception and Rate of Screening among Male Artisans in Nnewi-North Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria.

Background: Prostate cancer is the number one cancer in males in Africa, both in terms of incidence and mortality, being the most commonly diagnosed malignancy among men in Nigeria. It is of public health importance Objectives: To determine the knowledge, perception and the rate of screening of prostate cancer among male artisans in Nnewi-North Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria. Method: This study was a descriptive-cross sectional study carried out among 220 male artisans aged 18 years and above. The respondents were recruited into the study using a multistage sampling technique. Stage 1: Selection of quarter in Nnewi: The four quarters in Nnewi were part of this study. This gave approximately 55 participants for each quarter. Stage 2: Selection of participants: The desired participants were selected using modified clusters sampling method. At the centre of each quarter, a bottle was spun to determine the direction to follow in clockwise for the participants. Where artisans are located were identified until the desired number of participants was recruited. The study tool was a researcher-administered questionnaire written in English language. The data was cleaned, coded and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25. Informed consent was obtained prior to administration of the questionnaire which emphasized the right to none participation. Confidentiality was maintained according to the Helsinki declaration of bioethics. Result: The mean age of the respondents was 39.78 ± 13.072 years, range of 18-75. Only 124 (56.4%) and 43 (19.5%) of the 220 respondents were aware of prostate cancer and prostate cancer screening respectively. Only 7 (3.2%) have ever screened for prostate cancer, however, 178 (80.9%) are willing to screen if made free. However, 184 (83.6%) perceived prostate cancer to be a serious disease. Conclusion: The level of knowledge regarding prostate cancer and its screening practices was poor. There was a significant association between educational level and prostate cancer knowledge, indicating that this factor significantly influences people’s knowledge, perceptions, and rates of screening for prostate cancer.

Impact of HPV education tool on women's understanding about cervical cancer prevention

In order to avoid over screening and overtreatment, current cervical cancer screening guidelines advocate 3-year screening intervals rather than the former recommendation of annual screening. We looked examined how young women's knowledge and awareness of cervical cancer screening, HPV vaccination follow-up of abnormal pap smears, and comfort in speaking with their providers changed after seeing a tablet-based teaching tool prior to seeing a doctor. Prior to seeing their doctors, patients may benefit from receiving creative online patient education that will increase their understanding of cervical cancer prevention and treatment.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Cervical Cancer Screening Amongst Female Students of a Private University in South-South Nigeria

This study is aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude and practice of female students towards cervical cancer screening. An institution based descriptive study was conducted in April 2022 at PAMO University Of Medical Sciences Port-Harcourt, Nigeria among female students who were over 18 years of age. Health belief theory guided the study. A questionnaire designed, developed and validated by the researchers was used in collecting data for the study. Out of three hundred students that constituted the population for the study, one hundred and seventy female students was sampled using simple random sampling technique. The results showed that 98% of the respondents had a good knowledge of cervical cancer and screening, with over half of the respondents having a favorable attitude towards cervical cancer screening. However, less than 20% of the respondents had been screened for cervical cancer. Therefore, the health sectors and the university community were recommended to mobilize resources to strengthen the availability and utilization of cervical screening facilities.