Evaluation of unimodal and multimodal information in health communication on GGO-related lung cancer screening: An eye-tracking study

Abstract

To find out a better propaganda and education plan for the popularization of the ground-glass opacities-related (GGO-related) lung cancer screening. The control group took a lung cancer screening knowledge test directly before receiving the health education. By contrast, the experimental group took the same knowledge test after receiving health education. This study designed unimodal and multimodal materials about GGO-related lung cancer. The text and graph were considered unimodal information, while the video was multimodal information. According to the different information forms they were exposed to, the experimental group was further divided into text, graphic, and video groups. An eye-tracking system was performed to record eye-tracking data synchronously. Compared with the control group, the knowledge test scores of each experimental group were remarkably improved. Furthermore, the graphic group had a significantly higher correct rate on the No. 7 question, while the video group had the lowest. In terms of saccades, the video group had significantly higher speed and amplitude of saccades than the other two groups. In terms of fixation, the interval duration, total duration of whole fixations, and a number of whole fixations of the graphic group were significantly lower than those of the other two groups, while the video group had the highest values for these variables. It was on the unimodal information, such as text and graphics, that people can spend less time and cost to achieve effective acquisition of GGO-related lung cancer screening knowledge.