Knowledge Competence Research Articles

Analysis of online assignments designed by chemistry teachers based on their knowledge and self-regulation

Abstract Learners’ independence and self-regulated learning (SRL) may be achieved by online teaching, promoting learners’ 21st century skills. Transitioning into online learning and teaching requires a variety of teachers’ knowledge types and competencies. Mapping these knowledge types with a dedicated tool can help improve teachers’ professional development processes to enhance the SRL of teachers and subsequently students. We aimed at investigating the types of knowledge chemistry teachers expressed in online assignments they had designed, which included guidelines to foster their students’ SRL, and reviewing their reflections upon implementing these assignments. The participants were 20 high school chemistry teachers, who took part in two professional development programs focusing on fostering students’ SRL skills in online assignments, the teachers had designed. Research tools included teachers’ online assignments and teachers’ written reflections. We analyzed the assignments using a special rubric, which consists of three types of teachers’ knowledge: technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK), assessment knowledge (AK), and SRL. Findings show that the analysis rubric of online assignments, designed by teachers, enabled identifying various teacher knowledge types and their levels. The use of a validated rubric for mapping and assessing teachers’ knowledge types is a methodical contribution to research on chemistry teachers’ professional development.

The Relationship Between Farmer Competence and Shallot Farm Income (Allium Ascalonicum L.)

One of the causes of low productivity of a crop is that farmers have not fully applied production technology. One of the efforts made to increase onion production is through the adoption of innovation and new technology. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge competence, attitudes and skills of farmers with shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) farming income. The study will be conducted from January to April 2023. The method used in this study is a descriptive quantitative research method with survey research techniques. The respondents in this study were 55 shallot farmers in Sidamulya Village, Jalaksana District, Kuningan Regency. Data analysis techniques in this study use correlational analysis to measure the relationship of variables / sub-variables to other variables. The results showed that there was a moderate and real relationship between farmers' knowledge and shallot farm income, with a value of rs = 0.560 and tarithmetic value is 5.060. There is a moderate and real relationship between farmers' attitudes and shallot farm income, with a value of rs = 0.544 and a calculated value of 4.850. There is a moderate and real relationship between farmers' skills and shallot farm income, with a value of rs = 0.550 and tarithmetic value is 4.927.

Anesthesiologists’ conceptions of learning anesthesia in the context of their specialty training program: a phenomenographic study

BackgroundTraining anesthesiologists poses challenges and complexities, particularly in defining and teaching excellence in anesthesia. Existing anesthesia curricula primarily emphasize the acquisition of knowledge, practical skills, and professional competencies, often neglecting the development of intangible skills like tacit knowledge. Despite efforts to establish learning goals through carefully describing competencies, there is a risk of oversimplifying the intricate aspects of professional anesthesia practice. Therefore, the objective of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of the genuine curriculum of a specialty training program in anesthesia. This will be achieved by exploring the perceptions of learners with different levels of experience within the program.MethodsThis study employs a phenomenographic research approach to explore the conceptions of anesthesiology trainees and specialists, specifically from a student’s perspective, regarding what constitutes an excellent anesthesiologist i.e., what to learn, and the learning process associated with it.ResultsThis study identified three different conceptions of learning anesthesia within the context of a specialty training program: “Learning Competencies of Anesthesia,“ “Learning Work as an Anesthesiologist” and “Learning Being an Anesthesiology Professional.“ These conceptions ranged from a relatively instrumental view of education and self-responsibility for learning to a perspective of continuous personal reflection and development integrated with professional interaction. The three conceptions can be described in six dimensions describing the variation in approach to learning and the conceptualization of an anesthesiologist. Relationships between the conceptions and the dimensions were represented in a descriptive framework, showing the hierarchy of increasing understanding.ConclusionThis study has uncovered diverse learner perspectives among anesthesiologists at various experience levels concerning their understanding of the role of an anesthesiologist and the associated learning process. These distinct understandings can be categorized into different groups and presented in a descriptive framework that encapsulates the fundamental elements and important educational aspects of an anesthesiologist’s progression through a specialty training program in anesthesia. By recognizing and integrating these diverse perspectives, anesthesia education can be enhanced, ultimately resulting in improved preparation of future anesthesia curriculum, teaching and assessments.

A curriculum analysis of applied English translation program in the scope of translator competence: The case of Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

In today's world, the increasing desire and need for internationalization in all areas of life have increased the interaction of people speaking different languages in parallel. This situation has revealed how important the need for translation and translator is. Thus, translator training programs have become increasingly common in Turkiye and worldwide. In addition to the departments of Translation and Interpreting that offer undergraduate translation education, Applied English Translation programs at associate degrees have also been constituted. Curriculums designed to train translators, whether at undergraduate or associate degree, need to be constantly updated in line with the needs of the translation industry. The developments that cause this update can be exemplified as technological innovations, collaborations developed in different fields, and emerging markets in this sense. The translators need various knowledge, skills, and professional competencies to provide the translation service expected from them. Whereas these competencies are expressed as translation competence, a higher term in some studies, some researchers have preferred to use the concept of translator competence for the same phenomenon. Regardless of the preferred concept, this phenomenon is considered a central element in curriculum design. This competence is gained through translation training programs offered at different levels (undergraduate or associate degree) in higher education institutions. This study aims to present, in the case of Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, to what extent the Applied English Translation program curriculum given at the associate degree covers the translator competence required by the translator candidate.

The Project-Based Learning Model Improves Science Knowledge Competencies of Class V Elementary School Students

The weak learning process is different from the objectives of science lessons. The teacher only conveys concepts to students that must be memorized without using learning media. This study aims to analyze the effect of the Project Based Learning model on the science knowledge competence of fifth-grade students in elementary school. This type of research is quasi-experimental with a non-equivalent control group design. The population of this study amounted to 190 students of fifth-grade elementary school. The sample in the experimental group was 31 people, and the control group was 36 fifth-grade elementary school students. The data collection method used is the objective test method. Research data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques (t-test). The results of data analysis obtained the average pre-test score of the experimental group 14 in the low category, and the average pre-test in the control group was 12.41 in the low category. The average post-test of the experimental group was 18.80 in the medium category, while the average post-test in the control group was 15.33 in the low category. Based on the results of the t-test analysis, it was found that the Project Based Learning model significantly influenced the science knowledge competence of fifth-grade elementary school students. It was concluded that the Project Based Learning model could improve the science knowledge of fifth-grade elementary school students.

Perception of cultural competence among physiotherapy students in Bangalore, karnataka

Background: Cultural Competence is defined as having sensitivity towards different cultural groups, this includes awareness of the effect of factors such as immigration, stress, perceived lack of harmony in a person's life, language barriers, myths, taboos, and the potential for these factors to enhance or inhibit professional practice. Physiotherapy students are in the need to possess a high level of cultural competence to provide health care to patients from various cultural backgrounds. As it emphasis the importance of culturally competent practice as well as enhances health outcome and lowers health disparities.
 Aim Of Study: “To study the awareness and knowledge of cultural competence among physiotherapy students in Bangalore, Karnataka”.
 Methodology: with a sample size of 200, a set of question were prepared by the investigators and data is collected using structured interview method where a set of closed ended questions were asked to the first year and second year physiotherapy students.
 Results: The principal findings revealed that out of 200 students, majority of physiotherapy students strongly agreed to the statement that “Culture is not external but is within the person” and majority of students had very limited knowledge in understanding the way they think and act when interacting with their peer of different cultural background.
 Conclusion: This study concluded that it will be of great value if multicultural education interventions are included in the curriculums of undergraduate physiotherapy students to prevent health care disparities.

Investigation of Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) Competencies of University Students

Just as technology has entered every aspect of our lives today, it has significantly changed the fields of art and graphic design as well. Developing technologies and new teaching approaches have also affected fine arts education and therefore the students studying in this field. The aim of this study is to examine the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) competencies of students studying at the Faculty of Fine Arts. The study, which was conducted with the survey model, was conducted with the participation of 212 students studying at the Faculty of Fine Arts of Necmettin Erbakan University and Selçuk University in the 2022-2023 academic year. According to the findings of the study, the TPACK competencies of the students of the Faculty of Fine Arts are at medium level. The technological knowledge of the participant students differs according to their gender. The technological knowledge of male students was found to be significantly higher. In the study, TPACK competencies of the students showed significant differences according to their grade and achievement levels. Students in 3rd and 4th grades were found to have high TPACK competence compared to students in lower grades. Again, students with high achievement level obtained high TPACK scores compared to their middle and low achieving peers.

DEMYSTIFYING DATA PROCESSING TEACHERS’ PROCEDURAL, FUNCTIONAL, PEDAGOGICAL, AND CONTENT KNOWLEDGE IN AN ICT-BASED CLASSROOM IN SOUTH AFRICA

The paper examines the level of Procedural, Functional, Pedagogical, and Content Knowledge (PFPCK) competency needed by Data Processing (DP) teachers to effectively use Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools in ICT-based classrooms. A descriptive survey research design was used in the study. Three research questions were raised, and one hypothesis was formulated to guide the study. 130 DP teachers randomly selected from 11 Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) colleges in Gauteng province in South Africa formed the sample population. The instrument used in the study was a self-developed questionnaire titled Data Processing Teachers Competency of Procedural Functional Pedagogical Content Questionnaire (DPTCPFPCQ). Personal and observation checklists were also used in the study. The data were analyzed using mean scores and t-tests. The results showed that DP teachers possessed the necessary competency of PFPCK needed to use ICT tools in the digital classroom. It was also revealed that there was a significant difference in the level of competency and acquisition of skills between the pre-service and in-service DP teachers in the use of ICT in the class. It was therefore recommended that the management of TVET colleges and other similar institutions should help to improve DP teachers procedural, and functional knowledge in the use of ICT as a pedagogical tool in ICT-enhanced classrooms. KEYWORDS: ICT-based classrooms, Procedural, Functional Knowledge, DP teachers.

Information and educational environment as a means of developing competences in residency in the pediatrics and pediatric cardiology

Introduction. At present, in connection with the development of new state educational standards in the system of higher medical education of the Donetsk People»s Republic, including at the postgraduate level, a competency-based approach is being widely introduced. Purpose setting. To familiarize teachers with the peculiarities of mastering competencies in residency in the specialties «Pediatrics» and «Pediatric Cardiology» at the Department of Pediatrics no. 3 of the Faculty of Internship and Postgraduate Education of the Donetsk State Medical University named after M. Gorky using remote technologies. Methodology and methods of the study. At the Department of Pediatrics no. 3, postgraduate training programs have been developed, including for the training of highly qualified personnel in residency in the specialties «Pediatrics» and «Pediatric Cardiology». The purpose of the residency is to train a qualified pediatrician or pediatric cardiologist who has a system of theoretical knowledge and professional competencies, capable and ready for independent professional activity, using modern scientific and technological achievements in the diagnosis and treatment of major diseases in children and adolescents. Results. Teachers of the Department of Pediatrics no. 3 have created selfstudy courses for pediatric residents and pediatric cardiologists on the university»s remote website. Each course contains general information, lectures and materials to prepare for practical exercises. The use of the information and educational environment stimulated the independent purposeful work of a pediatric intern or a pediatric cardiologist intern to form knowledge and further master all the competencies necessary for successful professional activity. Conclusion. The effectiveness of distance learning depends on the methodologically competently structured by the teacher of the educational process and the information and communication capabilities of the higher education institution.

Independent Learning and Student Learning Responsibilities Characteristics of Mathematics Knowledge Competence in Fifth-Grade Elementary School

Independent Learning and Student Learning Responsibilities Characteristics of Mathematics Knowledge Competence in Fifth-Grade Elementary School

Can High-Fidelity Patient Simulation Be Used for Skill Development in Junior Undergraduate Students: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

High-fidelity patient simulation (HFPS) is widely used in professional training to enhance students' competence in clinical management. A guideline for HFPS provides a systematic approach to direct students to learning during the simulation process. Problem-solving (PS) and clinical reasoning (CR) skills are essential to developing students' professional competence in safe and effective care. These two skills should be initiated in the early training. A structured guideline was developed for HFPS. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the structured HFPS guideline on the development of PS and CR skills in junior nursing students. The students were required to go through four sessions, pre-briefing, simulation design, facilitation, and debriefing, for the HFPS; the study utilized the Problem-Solving Inventory (PSI) and the Nurses' Clinical Reasoning Scale (NCRS) to measure PS and CR abilities before and after HFPS. Bivariate analysis, a one-sample t-test, and an independent t-test were performed to evaluate the performance of the PS and CR skills during the two study periods. A total of 189 students were recruited, with 92 in the intervention group and 97 in the control group. The research assistant was responsible for student recruitment through email invitations and allocating the students into the control group or the intervention group. A Wilcoxon analysis was performed and revealed significant differences in PS and CR between the two groups (p < 0.001). The analytic results showed that the PSI, particularly in domains of Problem-Solving Confidence (PSC) (p < 0.001) and overall PS (p < 0.001), and the CR (p < 0.001) had significant improvement after HFPS, particularly in the intervention group. The study concluded that the structured HFPS guideline significantly improved the students' problem-solving and clinical reasoning abilities. Nurse educators play an important role in providing explicit learning instructions in a simulation guideline that directs and guides students to learn at each stage of HFPS. The students can be directed to be engaged in their learning through HFPS to enhance their competence in knowledge and skill development (PS and CR) for their personal and professional development.

Pengembangan Soal Faktual, Konseptual, dan Prosedural Pada Materi Tekanan Zat Kelas VIII SMP/MTs

Core knowledge competencies require students to master the dimensions of factual, conceptual, and procedural knowledge. If the knowledge gained by students is not balanced, it will affect their way of thinking. Knowledge competence can be measured one way through the problem instrument. Facts on the ground state that the instrument questions used have not been able to measure these three pieces of knowledge. The purpose of this study is to describe the development process and products resulting from the development of factual, contextual, and procedural questions on material stress. This research is development research that uses the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The results obtained are in the form of 10 questions, which consist of 7 multiple choice and 3 essays. Based on theoretical validation by the validator, it was declared very valid with an average score of 97.03%. The reliable value of multiple-choice questions is 0.726 and essay questions are 0.826 with high criteria. The difficulty level of multiple-choice questions and essays is 90% with moderate criteria. The different power of multiple-choice questions is 50% with good and sufficient criteria.

The Role of Internal Auditors Characteristics in Cybersecurity Risk Assessment in Financial-Based Business Organisations: A Conceptual Review

Purpose: This paper aims to establish a theoretical framework that will enhance the examination of the role of internal auditors in cybersecurity risk assessment in financial-based business organizations. Financial-based business organizations are institutions or companies that render financial services to public and private stakeholders in an economy. It is a powerful sector in the economy of every country. This drive poses a lot of challenges to organizations. Hence, business organizations strategically devised a means to safeguard the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of information. Also, innovation poses many risks and threats to the internal audit function in an organization. Theoretical Framework/Findings: Using the competency and planned behaviour theories (McClelland 1973 and Ajzen,1991), this study disclosed that the task performance of cybersecurity risk assessment by the internal auditor is influenced by the required internal auditor’s characteristics of professional ethics of integrity and objectivity, personality traits, professional skills competency professional knowledge competency and deterrence and rewards to advise the management on the implications of cyber security risk on business organisations for monitoring and mitigations. Methodology: A literature review approach is adopted to highlight the role of internal auditors in cyber security risk assessment in financial–based business organizations. Research Limitation/Implication: This conceptual paper has consequences for the practice of internal auditing. This approach is helpful to academic scholars in testing it out in the real world. This model is helpful to practitioners when evaluating the function of IAs in the cybersecurity risk assessment context. Originality/Values: Earlier auditing-related studies haven't addressed this problem. This study makes an effort to close such a gap and investigate the subject of the internal auditor’s characteristics and cyber security risk assessment among financial-based organizations.

Occupational therapy services for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder on the primary healthcare platform

INTRODUCTION: The diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is complex. In a low middle income country, like South Africa, early recognition of ASD rarely occurs on the primary health care (PHC) platform.To mitigate late diagnosis of ASD, which has a poorer prognosis, the purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge and clinical competencies required by inexperienced occupational therapists to improve early detection of and service delivery for children with ASD at the PHC level METHODS: A descriptive qualitative design explored the perceptions of occupational therapy experts as to the required knowledge and clinical competencies necessary for inexperienced occupational therapists to deliver services to children with ASD on the PHC platform. Thematic inductive analysis was used to analyse the data FINDINGS: Two themes emerged: Theme one: the perceived critical knowledge for early identification, assessment and treatment of children with ASD.Theme two: the clinical competencies required forassessment and effective treatment of children with ASD on the PHC level CONCLUSION: This study identified the perceived knowledge and clinical competencies needed to improve early identification and service community-based delivery for children with ASD on the PHC platform by early career occupational therapists IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE ■ This study provides critical knowledge and clinical competencies to occupational therapists to facilitate effective therapeutic services to children with ASD on the PHC platform. ■ The study identified appropriate screening, assessment and intervention that could assist occupational therapy service planners to reduce the gap of service delivery for children with ASD within the concept of UHC provision on a community-based level in SA. ■ Faculty at tertiary educational institutions may utilise the findings in order to adapt curriculums to better prepare inexperienced occupational therapists with working with children with ASD on the community-based level.

Success of ChatGPT, an AI language model, in taking the French language version of the European Board of Ophthalmology examination: A novel approach to medical knowledge assessment

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT, a cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) language model developed by OpenAI, in successfully completing the French language version of the European Board of Ophthalmology (EBO) examination and to assess its potential role in medical education and knowledge assessment. ChatGPT, based on the GPT-4 architecture, was exposed to a series of EBO examination questions in French, covering various aspects of ophthalmology. The AI's performance was evaluated by comparing its responses with the correct answers provided by ophthalmology experts. Additionally, the study assessed the time taken by ChatGPT to answer each question as a measure of efficiency. ChatGPT achieved a 91% success rate on the EBO examination, demonstrating a high level of competency in ophthalmology knowledge and application. The AI provided correct answers across all question categories, indicating a strong understanding of basic sciences, clinical knowledge, and clinical management. The AI model also answered the questions rapidly, taking only a fraction of the time needed by human test-takers. ChatGPT's performance on the French language version of the EBO examination demonstrates its potential to be a valuable tool in medical education and knowledge assessment. Further research is needed to explore optimal ways to implement AI language models in medical education and to address the associated ethical and practical concerns.

Employers Feedback on Psychosocial Counselling Graduates' Performance in Selected Healthcare Facilities in Malawi.

Psychosocial counselling is vital for addressing mental health challenges in Malawi, a low-income country in sub-Saharan Africa. However, there is a shortage of qualified mental health professionals, including Psychosocial counsellors. The Saint John of God College of Health Sciences aims to produce competent graduates in psychosocial counselling, but there is a lack of information on the quality of graduates and their ability to meet employer expectations. This qualitative study aimed to explore employers' feedback on psychosocial counselling graduates' performance in selected healthcare facilities in Malawi. This qualitative approach employed an explorative research design. Eighteen participants were selected purposefully from ten healthcare facilities across three regions of Malawi. They were interviewed independently using a semi-structured interview guide. The data were analysed thematically using content analysis approach. The study reveals the assigned responsibilities of psychosocial counselling graduates, including providing HIV/AIDS therapeutic services, individual and group counselling, crisis intervention, and coordinating referrals. Employers recognize the graduates' competence in communication skills, empathy, theoretical knowledge, and professionalism. However, some weaknesses were identified, such as difficulties in maintaining boundaries, limited knowledge of health-related terms, and a lack of proactivity. Suggestions for improvement include teaching professionalism, incorporating health-related terms in the curriculum, following up with graduates, continuing the practicum aspect, establishing partnerships, and expanding training in evidence-based practices. The study explored employer feedback on psychosocial counselling graduates from Saint John of God College of Health Sciences in Malawi. The study to identified strengths, areas for improvement, and recommendations were made to improve the Psychosocial counselling academic programme. Implementing them can improve graduates quality and mental health outcomes in Malawi.

Effect of Training on Physicians' Palliative Care-Related Knowledge and Attitudes in Vietnam.

Palliative care remains largely inaccessible in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and efforts to increase access are impeded by lack of training of proven effectiveness for physicians. To measure the effectiveness of palliative care training for Vietnamese physicians. The palliative care-related knowledge, attitudes, and self-assessment of Vietnamese physicians were studied prior to a basic course in palliative care (baseline), just after the physicians completed the course (post), and 6-18 months later (follow-up). The self-assessment scores and knowledge scores increased significantly from baseline to post and decreased significantly from post to follow-up, but the follow-up scores remained significantly higher than baseline. There were significant interactions between changes over time of the knowledge scores and baseline age, degree, years of graduation, training, type of work, and whether participants had ever prescribed morphine for pain. Medically appropriate attitudes increased significantly from baseline to post and did not decrease significantly from post to follow-up. Our basic palliative care course in Vietnam resulted in significant and enduring improvements among physicians in palliative care-related knowledge, attitudes, and self-assessed competence. To respond to the enormous unmet need for palliative care in LMICs, primary care providers and physician-specialists in many fields, among others, should receive palliative care training of proven effectiveness, receive ongoing mentoring or refresher training, and be given the responsibility and opportunity to practice what they learn.

Smartphone-Based Video Antenatal Preterm Birth Education

Preterm birth is a leading cause of infant mortality and child morbidity. Preterm birth is not always unexpected, yet standard prenatal care does not offer anticipatory education to parents at risk of delivering preterm, which leaves parents unprepared to make health care choices during the pregnancy that can improve survival and decrease morbidity in case of preterm birth. To evaluate the effect of the Preemie Prep for Parents (P3) program on maternal knowledge of preterm birth, preparation for decision-making, and anxiety. Recruitment for this randomized clinical trial conducted at a US academic medical center took place from February 3, 2020, to April 12, 2021. A total of 120 pregnant persons with a risk factor for preterm birth were enrolled between 16 and 21 weeks' gestational age and followed up through pregnancy completion. Starting at 18 weeks' gestational age, P3 program participants received links delivered via text message to 51 gestational age-specific short animated videos. Control participants received links to patient education webpages from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. At 25 weeks' gestation, scores on the Parent Prematurity Knowledge Questionnaire (scored as percent correct), Preparation for Decision Making Scale (scored 0-100), and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anxiety computerized adaptive test. Analysis was based on an intention to treat. A total of 120 pregnant participants (mean [SD] age, 32.5 [4.9] years) were included in the study; 60 participants were randomized to each group. Participants in the P3 group scored higher than those in the control group on knowledge of long-term outcomes at 25 weeks (88.5% vs 73.2%; estimated difference, 15.3 percentage points; 95% CI, 8.3-22.5 percentage points; P < .001). Participants in the P3 group reported being significantly more prepared than did participants in the control group for neonatal resuscitation decision-making at 25 weeks (Preparation for Decision Making Scale score, 76.0 vs 52.3; difference, 23.7; 95% CI, 14.1-33.2). There was no difference between the P3 group and the control group in anxiety at 25 weeks (mean [SE] PROMIS Anxiety scores, 53.8 [1.1] vs 54.0 [1.1]; difference, -0.1; 95% CI, -3.2 to 2.9). In this randomized clinical trial, pregnant persons randomly assigned to the P3 program had more knowledge of core competencies and were more prepared to make decisions that affect maternal and infant health, without experiencing worse anxiety. Mobile antenatal preterm birth education may provide a unique benefit to parents with preterm birth risk factors. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04093492.

The Business Diplomacy of Mayora Indah Ltd. on The Kopiko Brand Through Export to the Philippines and Promotions on Korean Dramas

Diplomacy in business is needed to make market expansion activities more effective. This step by MNCs is then referred to as business diplomacy and also benefits the state because it can simultaneously become a means of diplomacy and achieve state interests. Mayora Indah Ltd. is a giant MNC from Indonesia that can dominate the global market. The success of Mayora Indah Ltd. in filling the global market can be seen in the popularity of Kopiko as their flagship product. This article aims to determine the strategies of business diplomacy taken by Mayora Indah Ltd to achieve the company's interests successfully. This article will then review the concepts related to business diplomacy proposed by Alammar &amp; Pauleen (2016) as a foundation for analyzing the case study. This research finds that in the core knowledge competencies, Mayora Indah Ltd. applies internal knowledge through exposure to Kdrama producers related to Kopiko, with the aim that they can understand the product that will later be aired. Meanwhile, on multi-perspective consideration, Mayora Indah Ltd. invests in manufacturing in the Philippines and buys coconut commodities for environmental scanning.

Impact of Information Technology Towards Organizational Performance

Since the beginning of the 21st century, numerous organizations have extensively implemented information technology into their operations. With regard to this, it captures the interest of researchers, practitioners, academicians, and policymakers to comprehend the role of organization dynamic capability in information technology and the role of digital leadership in enhancing organizational performance and enabling the information technology process. There was limited study on the impact of technology on the performance of government agencies. Therefore, this research focuses on government agencies in Malaysia. This study was conducted to seek the true role of information technology in organizational performance and the impact of information technology on organizational performance. Through an analysis of the 131 randomly selected workers, this paper investigates the impact of information technology on organizational performance. This study examines the effects of IT Operation, IT Knowledge, and IT Competence on the performance of an organization. In this research, SPSS was used for normality and reliability analysis, as well as descriptive organization multiple regression analysis. The result revealed that only IT Competence has a positive impact on organizational performance. The finding also revealed that the impact of information technology on the performance of an organization is minimal and contributes a minor impact.