Knowledge Competence Research Articles

‘Gear up and get ready’: Collaborative curriculum for radiographers supporting percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the operating theatre

IntroductionNewly qualified radiographers often find working in the operating theatre (OT) challenging and intimidating. These perceptions, which inhibit confidence, may hinder their effectiveness in interprofessional teamwork, which may in turn adversely affect patient outcomes. A collaborative education programme was designed, building upon the foundations of competency-based education (CBE) and simulation-based mastery learning (SBML) to examine its potential in mitigating these perceptions. The objective of this research was to assess participants’ experience and level of competency after attending the curated collaborative educational programme. MethodsThe programme was developed based on the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) model and comprises two teaching and learning phases: educational session and simulation. A collaborative approach was undertaken to develop an assessment checklist for the interprofessional simulation. Requirements for the simulation, such as scenario design, information and storyboard, task trainer, logistics, and learners' briefing, debrief, and feedback, were identified and assembled. The radiographers’ performance was recorded using a practical skills assessment checklist and a theory assessment. ResultsTwelve radiographers participated and showed improvement in their self-rating of learning objectives before and after the programme. The median (interquartile range) score achieved in the theory assessment, out of a possible of 11, was 9.00 (7.75–9.50). The median (interquartile range) score achieved in the simulation component, out of a possible of 16, was 15.00 (14.00–15.00). There was statistically significant difference in self-perceived performance in all learning objective domains. ConclusionThe findings from the programme were promising. The use of simulation and an assessment checklist proved to be useful learning tools in preparing newly qualified radiographers for work in the OT. Implications for practiceAssessment checklists are valuable tools that should be considered to facilitate teaching and learning. The use of interprofessional simulation activities can support radiographers in developing knowledge, professional skills, and clinical competency. It should be conducted in a timely manner to facilitate the introduction to role understanding and effective communication.

Fostering knowledge integration through individual competencies: the impacts of perspective taking, reflexivity, analogical reasoning and tolerance of ambiguity and uncertainty

The present study examines the influence of individual competencies on knowledge integration in inter- and transdisciplinary work. Perspective taking, reflexivity, analogical reasoning, and tolerance of ambiguity and uncertainty were investigated as core competencies for fostering knowledge integration. Additional hypotheses assumed that the positive effects are valid in the scientific and economic contexts and that individual competencies predict knowledge integration at different levels of expertise. To test the hypotheses, 421 participants, comprised of students (N = 165) and individuals working in science (N = 152) and economics (N = 104), answered questionnaires on knowledge integration and competencies of knowledge integration in an online survey. Further questions collected demographic data and inquired about experience and expertise in inter- and transdisciplinary work. The main result was that all postulated competencies positively related to knowledge integration. Analogical reasoning and perspective taking showed the strongest relationships with knowledge integration. Further results show that all competencies are positively related to knowledge integration in the student and expert sample, yet the interrelationships differ between the scientific and economic sample. This investigation into the competencies of knowledge integration contributes to the education of inter- and transdisciplinarians in academia and business practice.

A Case Study on Improving MTI Students’ Translation Competence in Project-Based Teaching

The present research taps into the development of a female Chinese MTI student’s translation competence in the course a medical English-Chinese translation project. Following a qualitative approach, we collected her various translation drafts, memos and interviews as the research data. By referring to the translation competence model containing five parts proposed by Zhang and Wang (2020), we conducted detailed analyses on her translation drafts and memos. It is found that her overall translation competence shows an upward trend, with her specialized knowledge competence and instrumental competence improving the most rapidly. Her linguistic abilities and cognitive abilities, particularly in translating complex sentences, have also demonstrated a significant progress. The interview transcripts have been used to explore her identification with the translator’s role. It is hoped that this study would contribute to discussion on translation competence development and shed light on project-based teaching for MTI programs in both China and the world.

FACTORS AFFECTING BUSINESS PERFORMANCE THROUGH KNOWLEDGE COMPETENCE AS A MEDIATION VARIABLE

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation on business performance through knowledge competence as a mediating variable in Sunter culinary entrepreneurs. This study uses a non-probability sampling technique with a purposive sampling technique. The sample criteria include respondents who are culinary entrepreneurs in Sunter, North Jakarta. Then, business actors who have been running their business for more than 1 year. So, in this study researchers used 100 respondents. This study was analyzed using SmartPLS version 3.3.9. The results of the study show that entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation have a positive and significant effect on business performance. Knowledge competency can mediate the effect of entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation positively and significantly on business performance. entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation have a positive and significant effect on knowledge competence.

Exploring an Interdisciplinary Curriculum in Product and Media Design Education: Knowledge Innovation and Competency Development

This study explores the implementation of an interdisciplinary curriculum in product and media design education and its impact on knowledge innovation and competency development. The curriculum is based on scaffolding theory, incorporating design proposals, workshops, digital design, marketing tests, and marketing activities guided by teachers and mentors from a branded ceramic workshop. The research findings demonstrate that the interdisciplinary curriculum facilitates knowledge innovation and fosters the development of students’ professional skills, creativity, and problem-solving skills. The study also highlights the importance of stable scaffolding, including artefact-, peer-, and teacher support, which significantly contributes to cultivating transformational competencies, as outlined in the 2030 OECD Learning Compass. Additionally, the collaboration with Shanshing Four Seasons Celadon Studio on a patented ceramic product, “Funny Monkey”, is a tangible example of the journey towards a triple-helix knowledge economy. This research underscores the importance of interdisciplinary curricula in promoting knowledge innovation and integrating transformational competencies in education. Scaffolding theory provides practical guidance for student learning and teaching strategies, presenting a sustainable roadmap for developing interdisciplinary curricula and offering a concrete and transferable pedagogical prototype for educational innovation.

Machine Learning (ML)-Enabled Automation for High-Throughput Data Processing in Flow Cytometry

Introduction Flow cytometry is widely used in clinical and research laboratories for diagnostics, biomarker discovery, and immune system monitoring. Flow cytometry data processing still uses gating- and clustering-based approaches that are highly time-consuming and subjective. Data processing time increases with panel size and number of detected populations, posing challenges to the search for new biomarkers. Low reproducibility and method limitations have thus far hindered efforts to automate and standardize flow cytometry data processing; hence, these efforts have not yielded any significant advancements in data processing methods. Here we present a new ML-based algorithm for automated cell-type labeling. Our supervised ML approach allows us to classify every event in a flow cytometry data file solely based on the presence and absence of markers, without the need for prior knowledge or assumption about cell population content in the sample. This approach enables the detection of rare and/or new cell populations with a high average quality metric (f1-score). The rapid and high-quality analysis our algorithm can perform renders it applicable in clinical settings, particularly for detecting hematological abnormalities and cancers. Methods We processed 500 blood samples from a cohort of healthy donors and patients with various cancer diagnoses using 10 different 18-channel multicolor flow cytometry panels. We then used data from either the entire or a portion of these 500 samples in a 3:1 split for training:test datasets to train and test our algorithm on each cytometry panel. To do this, we manually matched cells with certain cellular phenotypes to create 10 high-quality training sets for supervised learning and 10 test datasets, one pair for each of the 10 panels. To train the cell type classifier, we set up a two-level boosting-based model. The first-level model filters out outliers, including dead cells, cellular debris, beads, and other undefined particles, in order to hone in on the target population. The second-level model for predicting cell types within a target population is defined by two approaches. The population-based approach detects major subpopulation types in a target population and predicts the precise population labels. This approach is useful for labeling a small number of previously known or predicted subpopulations. The marker-based approach is useful for target populations with large numbers of subpopulations, such as T cells harboring different combinations of cell-surface receptors. It predicts the presence or absence of specific markers on each cell to assign its phenotype. It also allows us to construct complex hierarchies in order to detect new populations that are challenging to identify manually. Figure 1 outlines our workflow. Results We validated our final set of 10 trained models on our test dataset. The summarized number of detected cell populations in the test dataset was 221, which corresponds to the number of unique cell types predicted by our models. Table 1 shows the evaluation metrics for our algorithm for populations with > 0.1% whole blood cells (WBCs).The average quality metric (f1-score) for all antibody panels used is 0.86. This value is the mean of all f1-scores calculated for all cell populations identified by our algorithm. Mean f1-score is the highest (0.96) for large populations, lower (0.87) for mid-sized populations, and lowest but acceptable (0.77) for small populations. Mean quality score for the marker-based models is also high (0.96). Compared to manual evaluation that took approximately 1 hour to analyze one data file, the algorithm completed analysis within 10 seconds. Conclusion Our new algorithm automates cell labeling and produces high-quality outputs that are comparable to manual processing, but with a much shorter turnaround time (TAT) and without the need for prior knowledge or expert competence from the user. Importantly, it allows us to effectively and accurately filter out outliers, identify the target population, and divide this target population into multiple cell subtypes including new and rare cell subpopulations, all without a priori assumptions about cell population content in the sample. Given its ability to perform high-quality cell population analysis and its short TAT, our algorithm provides rapid, unbiased, and precise cell typing that will have utility for the diagnosis of heme malignancies and immunoprofiling.

Competencies of Medical Education Instructors In Simulation-based Education: a Descriptive Phenomenological Study

Introduction: Simulation-based training is a method of creating an educational experience without being present in a real environment. Recently, this method has become a priority in medical education, particularly in the context of patient safety. It is important to address the competencies of instructors in simulation-based education alongside the advantages and limitations of this method. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the components of competency for medical education instructors in simulation-based training. Methods:This qualitative study was phenomenology. Semi-structured interviews with 8 Purposive sample of medical education instructors was conducted (from 23 October 2022 to 20 February 2023). Interviews were analyzed using the seven-step Colaizzi method. Then the identified concepts were coded using MAXQDA software. Results: 115 primary codes, 18 sub-themes and 4 main themes were identified, including: personal competence (self-directed learning and teacher's attitude), professional knowledge competence (professional development and instructional design), professional skill competence (participation, collaborate and purposeful use of simulation) and assessment competence (Assessment and continuous improvement). Conclusion: Medical education instructors need to be empowered for using simulation-based education. The indicators identified in this research can be used to improving the competences of them.

Nephrology nurses' perspectives working with patients experiencing needle-related distress.

A key skill of nephrology nursing is cannulation of patients receiving haemodialysis. Traumatic and unsuccessful cannulation experiences, particularly in the initial weeks of haemodialysis, may contribute to the onset of needle distress for patients. To identify the key knowledge, skills and attitudes of nephrology nurses working with haemodialysis patients and the competencies relevant to nephrology nursing working with patients with needle-related distress. A qualitative study involving semistructured interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and deductive, and inductive thematic analysis applied. Nephrology nurses (n = 17) were interviewed from a tertiary kidney service in South Australia. Nurses had varying roles and years of experience (range 1-30 years) working with dialysis patients within the service. Two overarching themes, (1) Flexibility in Practice and Care and (2) Responsibility of Nephrology Nursing, were identified as relevant across all knowledge, skills and attitudes of nephrology nurses working with patients with needle-related distress. Thirty-six knowledge, skills and attitudes were identified; 12 related to knowledge, 14 related to skills and 10 were identified as attitudes and were summarised under seven broad competencies. This study identifies potential knowledge, skills and attitudes and competencies required for nephrology nurses working with patients with needle-related distress. It highlights strategies that may prevent the onset and worsening of needle-related distress, as well as reduce it. It also brings to light that nurses desire additional education regarding strategies to improve the patient experience of cannulation and nurse confidence and skill in this area.

A Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Prevention of Blood Borne Infections among Students of Selected Nursing Institution at Mangaluru

Background of the Study: Blood borne pathogens are microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria that are carried in blood. A blood borne disease that can be spread through contamination by blood and other body fluids. In health care setting, blood born pathogen transmission usually occurs by Percutaneous exposure to the workers mostly happens when they are handling infected patients. 1The aim of our study was to assess the knowledge regarding prevention of blood borne infection among students of selected nursing institution at Mangaluru.
 Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted among104 undergraduate students. Subject was selected using purposive sampling techniques. The information was collected using a demographic Proforma and a self - administered questionnaire. The overall knowledge on prevention of blood born infection was graded as adequate, good, and inadequate.
 Results: The overall knowledge score was majority (64.4%) had average, 33.7% had good and minority (1.9%) had good knowledge regarding blood born infection and its prevention. In this study there was significant (P<0.05) association between knowledge score with age, gender whereas there is no significant association between knowledge score with year of study, previous knowledge on standard precautions and source of information. 
 Conclusion: The present study concludes that the nursing students have a fair knowledge regarding the cause of blood born infections. Competent knowledge is needed to prevent the spread of blood born infections. Successful prevention strategies of blood born infections require a high level of awareness of the infected individual as well as a detailed knowledge among healthcare professionals and society.

Evaluating a Situational Judgment Test for Use in Medical School Admissions: Two Years of AAMC PREview Exam Administration Data.

To examine the relationship between the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Professional Readiness Exam (PREview) scores and other admissions data, group differences in mean PREview scores, and whether adding a new assessment tool affected the volume and composition of applicant pools. Data from the 2020 and 2021 PREview exam administrations were analyzed. Two U.S. schools participated in the PREview pilot in 2020 and 6 U.S. schools participated in 2021. PREview scores were paired with data from the American Medical College Application Service (undergraduate grade point averages [GPAs], Medical College Admission Test [MCAT] scores, race, and ethnicity) and participating schools (interview ratings). Data included 19,525 PREview scores from 18,549 unique PREview examinees. Correlations between PREview scores and undergraduate GPAs ( r = .16) and MCAT scores ( r = .29) were small and positive. Correlations between PREview scores and interview ratings were also small and positive, ranging between .09 and .14 after correcting for range restriction. Small group differences in mean PREview scores were observed between White and Black or African American and White and Hispanic, Latino, or of Spanish origin examinees. The addition of the PREview exam did not substantially change the volume or composition of participating schools' applicant pools. Results suggest the PREview exam measures knowledge of competencies that are distinct from those measured by other measures used in medical school admissions. Observed group differences were smaller than group differences observed with traditional academic assessments and evaluations. The addition of the PREview exam did not substantially change the overall volume of applications or the proportions of out-of-state, underrepresented in medicine, or lower socioeconomic status applicants. While more research is needed, these results suggest the PREview exam may provide unique information to the admissions process without adversely affecting applicant pools.

Maker Culture: dissemination of knowledge and development of skills and competencies for the 21st century

The investigation of 21st century skills, in the context of Maker Culture, revealed the importance of interpersonal and intrapersonal skills, in addition to technical skills. These socio-emotional skills play a fundamental role in promoting the integral development of individuals. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of Maker Culture, its essential competencies and its influence in various areas. It highlights the importance of recognizing this culture as a transformative force that shapes the present and future of education, innovation and the dissemination of knowledge in an inclusive and collaborative way. The research adopted a methodology that included the selection of articles in the Scopus database, quantitative analysis and data visualization with the help of specialized software. The investigation revealed a constant increase in academic production on Maker Culture, with notable growth from 2017 onwards, indicating a growing and continuous interest in this movement, in addition to its relevance in areas of knowledge such as computer science, education and intelligent systems, highlighting its interdisciplinarity and applicability in different areas. Therefore, from this research, it is suggested that Maker Culture is not only a production movement, but also a training movement, preparing 21st century makers for the challenges of the contemporary era.

Predisposing Factors of Intercultural Sensitivity Among Nursing Students: A Predictive Correlational Design.

Intercultural sensitivity in health care improves health care quality due to effective communication, intervention, and increased satisfaction. The present study aimed to compare the intercultural sensitivity of undergraduate nursing students in two different countries and identify predisposing factors of intercultural sensitivity. A predictive correlational study was conducted with 980 undergraduate nursing students at a university in Turkey and the United States. A questionnaire and the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale were used for data collection. Multiple linear regression revealed that the country in which nursing students were studying, and speaking a second language were found as significant predictors of intercultural sensitivity in the current study. The findings of the two-way variance analysis indicated that the interaction effect between nursing students in two schools and sociodemographic variables was not statistically significant (p > .05). Nursing students from both universities presented a moderate level of intercultural sensitivity. This level is low compared with previous results reported in the literature. The study findings may help faculty administrators make new arrangements in the nursing curriculum and contribute to providing equal, and non-discriminatory health services to people. Intercultural education programs within the curriculum should be offered as independent courses and/or integrated within courses to develop culturally competent knowledge, awareness, and skills throughout undergraduate nursing education.

Knowledge, attitude, and ethical concepts of Sudanese medical students regarding stem cells and its application.

One of the major challenges that stem cell transplantation faces is a lack of donors due to a lack of knowledge and awareness of the importance of stem cell transplantation, this implies that health care providers should arm themselves with sufficient knowledge to contribute positively to raising awareness. This is an analytical cross-sectional study of 1040 medical students from 10 universities from various Sudanese states, through an online self-administered pre-tested and structured questionnaire formulated by the authors with a particular focus and/or reflection on the knowledge and attitudes of medical students. The median knowledge score among all students was 8.0 (6-9) with the majority of students confirming that stem cells are capable of dividing and can self-renew for a long period (88.6%). Regarding attitude, the median score among the participants was 23 (17-27) with (47.9%) agreeing that competency in stem cell knowledge is important for them as future health care providers. In terms of ethical attitude; the majority of the students (59, 2%) think there's a need to obtain ethical approval before conducting research. Moreover, (45.9%) of students believe that health practitioners have the right to use stem cells in treatments if those treatments have been scientifically proven to be effective on animals and on human cells in the laboratory. It is important to promote educational programs that inform medical students about the full range of possibilities offered by stem cell research. Furthermore, more studies is required to determine how society and religion affect medical students' attitudes toward stem cells.

The process of supervising teachers from the perspective of the development of scientific thinking

Professionalizing educators remains a contemporary subject, requiring constant adaptations to social changes. Supervising educators becomes essential for enhancing performance and professional development, directly influencing their scientific thinking. In the context of fostering scientific thinking in students, supervision focuses on curriculum content expressing competencies in declarative, procedural, and conditional knowledge. This process identifies strengths and weaknesses in teaching, providing constructive feedback and facilitating access to resources for improvement. Viewed as a knowledge-sharing process, supervision contributes to maintaining educational standards and fostering a culture of continuous learning. Psychologists see the supervisor's responsibility extending to the quality of services received by all involved parties. For the development of scientific thinking, supervision may involve specific strategies such as self-reflection, explicit metacognitive learning, the development of self-monitoring skills, and constructive feedback. These strategies can be tailored to the individual needs of educators, contributing to the formation of professionals with strong critical and analytical thinking skills. To develop declarative, factual, and conceptual knowledge, supervisors can use active learning techniques, research, and critical discussions. Supervising procedural knowledge involves careful observation, data analysis, and idea generation. By combining these strategies, supervising educators becomes a complex and personalized process, contributing to the formation of a professional force prepared to encourage scientific thinking in students and respond to the challenges of an ever-changing society.

Ukraine Trauma Project: the feasibility of introducing advanced trauma-care skills to frontline emergency medical services responders

ObjectivesTo design, develop, deliver and assess a training initiative on haemorrhage control for emergency medical services (EMS) staff in Ukraine, in an active wartime setting.DesignUsing the Medical Research Council framework...

An Overview of Emerging Global Trends in Higher Education

Abstract: Development in modern society imposes a need for changes in the higher educational system. The key actors in production of knowledge, promoting social, technological and pedagogical research are Universities and higher education institutions. The primary goals of higher education institutions are to improve the quality of learning and teaching through the use of new technology. Access to the internet and easy mobility across the countries has resulted in more penetration in the country. Technology and Artificial Intelligence has helped higher education institutions in shifting gears to more accessible form of student and teacher assessment encompassing student-teachers specific feedback, evaluation, proctored online examinations and much more. Higher education institutions have adapted to more experiential learning methodology The continuing revolution in the global trends in higher education is intensifying. However, issues like quality, access and internationalisation have predominated the higher education system for some time. The 21st century is emerging as a knowledge economy. The workforce segments require advanced education and efficient research skills. The purpose of the higher education system is to prepare students with new skills, broader knowledge base and competency to be a part of a more complex world

Analysis on the Application of Communicative Language Teaching in Senior High School English Class

Communicative Language Teaching method is one of the main teaching methods in foreign language teaching. According to CLT, the foreign language classroom should be a place which is full of communication, and the final destination of English learning is communication. Compared with traditional teaching methods, communicative teaching method has its unique charm and characteristics. English is a language. The purpose of English teaching is to let students learn to communicate in English. As language becomes a means of communication, the acquisition of foreign language knowledge and communicative competence depends on specific communicative activities such as listening, speaking, reading and writing. The English syllabus also clearly requires that English teaching should cultivate students' communicative competence. However, looking at the current situation of English Teaching in China, it can be found that the vast majority of students' ability to communicate in English is relatively weak. In order to improve students' ability to communicate in English, communicative teaching method has been paid more and more attention by teachers. However, it is undeniable that everything has two sides. There are also many deficiencies in the implementation of communicative teaching method, which need us to further explore. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the evaluation and analysis of the application of Communicative Language Teaching of teaching practice.

Perception of Sports Science Students in Higher Education on Basic Digital Competences: Spanish Case

In order to improve the teaching–learning process at the university level, it is essential to consolidate students’ digital competences (DCs) during their initial training. This development is analysed in the area of sports management as part of the physical activity and sports science (CAFyD) bachelor’s degree. Students (n = 236) from private (n = 120) and public (n = 116) universities participated by completing the COBADI questionnaire (registered trademark: 2970648®), structured into three dimensions: (I) Competences in knowledge and use of ICTs in social communication and collaborative learning; (II) competences in the use of ICT for information search and processing; and (III) virtual and social communication tools of the university. Likert scale responses ranged from 1 to 4 points. The results show significant differences in terms of the type of university. In terms of gender, females have a better digital perception, with a significant difference (… I know how to use programs…). This pioneering research is of relevance for higher education professors in the field of sports, as it helps to detect areas where students lack DCs and engages them in the enhancement of their learning.

Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Model Cooperative Tipe Two Stay Two Stray Berbasis Tradisi Upacara Benyaru untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Peserta

This research aims to develop learning tools using the Two Stay Two Stray Cooperative Model Based on the Benyaru Ceremony Tradition to Improve Participants' Competence. This study uses a development design adopted from 4D design, namely Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate. The results of the development show that the progress achieved on the LKS instrument has produced teaching materials and lesson plans that meet the criteria. valid and can be used as a learning tool. The results of the research attitude competency test show an increase in learning outcomes at SMPN 1 Long Ikis (which is used as an exam school) as well as at SMPN 2 Long Ikis and SMPN 5 Long Ikis. The knowledge competency research shows better learning outcomes both at SMPN 1 Long Ikis, as well as at SMPN 2 Long Ikis and SMPN 5 Long Ikis, this supports this. This is clear because the attitude scores and learning outcomes have exceeded the KKM. Based on the attitude competency test, learning outcomes have increased at SMPN 1 Long Ikis (which was used as a trial school) as well as at SMPN 2 Long Ikis and SMPN 5 Long Ikis.

Analisis Pembentukan Identitas Diri Tokoh Utama dalam Novel Sesuk Karya Tere Liye Berhubungan dengan Faktor Perasaan dan Implikasi Pada Pembelajaran Sastra di SMA

This research aims to: (1) describe the formation of the main character's self-identity in the novel Sesuk by Tere Liye in relation to feelings factors, (2) Describe the implications of the main character in the novel Sesuk by Tere Liye in Literature Learning in High School. The data source in this research is the novel Sesuk with Structural theory. The research method used is a description method with a qualitative description approach. A qualitative description approach is used to describe the formation of the main character's self-identity in the novel and describe the implications for literature learning in high school. The results of this research: (1) Analysis of the formation of the main character Sesuk's self-identity in the novel Sesuk by Tere Liye based on the factor of feeling happy. In the novel Sesuk by Tere Liye, the feelings that emerge are sad, happy, happy and moved. (2) implications for literature learning in high school in accordance with Basic Competencies (KD), Learning Materials and learning activities related to novels for class XII Indonesian language competency knowledge and skills.