Kind Of Certification Research Articles

Der „Mantel des Paulus“ (2 Tim 4,13): vergessen, zurückgelassen, deponiert?

Abstract The short demand to bring Paul’s coat in 2 Timothy 4:13 has been a part of exegetical discussion for a long time. Especially the intention, the text pragmatics and the meaning of this verse are a matter of academic dispute. The point is: The interpretation of this verse has an important impact on the question of the authentic or pseudepigraphic character of 2 Tim. The following article focusses on an aspect that hasn’t been looked at much so far: the legal business of depositum as a possible historical backdrop. A third person’s (i.e. Timothy’s) mandate to pick up something deposited tells us much about his legitimacy as an authorized representative of the person who made the depositum (i.e. Paul). And possibly we also learn something about 2 Tim: 2 Tim as a letter could function as an authorizing document for the person sent out to pick up the coat – then 2 Tim 4:13 would work as a kind of certificate of authenticity of 2 Tim as an allegedly original Pauline letter.

Experimental Action Research on Improving Student’s Classroom Participation: The Case of Samara University Economics Students of 2019 G.C.

Education is a means by which people develop and acquire knowledge, skills, values and attitudes. It paves the way for development and plays vital role (serve as a catalyst) in bringing socio-cultural, economical, technological, political and environmental advancements. In case of our country, the government takes different measures to enhance the development; one is by education. But our education system faces different challenges. Among them is our students are not taking learning as their own responsibility rather they consider it as a fulfillment of having some kind of certificate. In short, they are not actively participating in the classroom. This study tries to address how to improve classroom participation in economics students from Samara University by Appling experimental action research. In doing so, the results of the study were, before policy intervention the classroom participation were so weak and poor which was only 14% of students were participate from total number of students in the classroom; whereas after policy intervention classroom participation were so nice compare to before, which was 40% of students were participate from total number of students in the classroom. At the end of the day the researchers were recommended that the concerned body could undertake the inside mentioned policy interventions (actions taken) for sustainable improvement of students’ classroom participation.

Girls Will Be Girls, in a League of Their Own – The Rules for Women’s Sport as a Protected Category in the Olympic Games and the Question of ‘Doping Down’

ABSTRACT Recent debate by feminist scholars in philosophy of sport has been focused on the status of women’s sport as a protected category. Positions have varied significantly, from no need for a protected category anymore—to allow women’s sport to flourish and to give them a fair opportunity, given that men’s sport still dominates, just as it has in the past. It will be argued that: i) the concept of a ‘protected category’ is tied logically to the concept of fair play and has been defined and enforced through the rules in sport and generally requires some kind of certification for inclusion. These specific rules will be analyzed in detail. Having separate women’s events means that logically it must be possible to exclude, and exclusion is not a popular stance as many have argued that the onus is on inclusion from a human rights perspective. Thus, sport policy makers are truly in an intractable position. On the one hand, no qualifying athlete should have to ‘dope down’ (or ‘dope up’) to compete in the Olympic Games. On the other hand, women athletes have argued that sex equality in competitive sport is a legitimate goal and that separating athletes in competition by biological sex traits is the only way to achieve this goal. It seems criminal to ask athletes to ‘dope down’ to be able to compete in the Olympic Games, however, although a new auxiliary rule creating new sub-classification of women athletes with testosterone higher than the stipulated cut off seems logical on the face of it, these cases are statistically rare. It is concluded that the community of women athletes should have the most significant voice, as historically, the criteria for the women’s sport-protected category have been predominantly determined by men. That is not to say that men’s voices, or voices outside of the women’s sports community of practitioners, cannot be heard, but they should not be the deciding factor.

Publicity of Status Registration on Family Relation Registration Act and Protection of Personal Information

This study examines the implications of the protection of personal information in the family registration system, and examines the problems and related legislative changes discussed in relation to the protection of personal information in the Family Relations Registration Act. In addition, we reviewed the remedies for the remaining issues in the protection of personal information. The Family Relations Registration Act has institutionalized various kinds of certificates after several revisions, and subdivides the disclosure contents according to the requesting party. In this process, it can be said that the family relationship registration system has advanced in the direction of allowing only the minimum necessary disclosure in disclosing the information related to the identity. The problems caused by the disclosure of information about the individual identity are closely related to the life of the general public, so the issue of disclosure of the contents of the family register and the presentation of alternatives have been actively discussed. However, the result of the amendment of the Family Relations Registration Act seems to be inferior in terms of privacy protection. Even if the change of the perception of the family has been made, it should take utmost caution in terms of protection of personal information. First, it is subjective to judge whether or not the personal information to be concealed is confidential. If they do not want the disclosure, they will have to limit disclosure. Second, identity information with personal value is characterized by the fact that it is harder to recover than personal information with property value at the time of leakage. The consequences of personal information infringement are likely to be less likely to recover than any type of loss. Therefore, when collecting and using personal information about the individual, the state should gather only the necessary information and disclose the minimum information. Also, in the revision of the related laws, the protection of personal information should be prioritized rather than administrative efficiency or rationality.

Tanggung Jawab Notaris Dalam Pembuatan Minuta Yang Dibuat Berdasarkan Keterangan Palsu

In Article 1 paragraph (1) of laws No.2 of 2014 concerning the amendment to the Laws No. 30 of 2014 concerning the office of a notary states that a notary is a Public Official authorized to make an Aunthentic deed and has other authorities as set up in the legislation or under other laws. Deed made before a notary can be classified in two (2) kinds of certificates, namely partij deed/deed of the parties and the deed of relaas/officials. The problem discussed in this thesis is what is the legal regulation of the production of notarial deed in the legislation in Indonesia, what is the legal effect of a deed made based on false information by the parties involved. The type of research is the study of normative law because there is a conclict norm between the two regulation, the statute approach, the analytical and conceptual approach and the coparative approach. Sources of primary legal materials of legislation, secondary legal materials used in the studies may be in the form of books and articles in electronic format. The data collection was done through library research covering primary legal materials. Data processing and analysis of legal materials were done through descriptions of situationsor events. This technique did not search for or explain relations, did not test hypothesesor make predictions. The conclusion of the study demonstrates that notaries in running his or her office must pay attention to and must be subject to the Laws No. 30 of 2004 concerning the post of a notary which has been amended by the enactment of Laws No 2 of 2014 concerning the amendment to the Laws No 30 of 2004 concerning the office of a notary and ethical codes for a notary which constitutes applicable regulations for moral guidance for a notary profession. A deed that contains false information which is provided by the parties can be cancelled. Deed cancellation can be done by a notary if demanded by the parties who suffer losses.

ENFOQUE À LEGISLAÇÃO BRASILEIRA E EUROPEIA SOBRE A INDICAÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA

The adoption of the Geographical Indication (GI) is associated with the tradition of knowledge and food. Bearing in mind that the studies on this topic are still very recent and scarce in Brazil aimed to conduct a literature review of existing law sand norms in Brazil and in Europe on the aspect of geographical indication. We used the qualitative method, through a descriptive study and using the literature search. It is observed that concerns about Geographical Indications are the oldest in the countries of the European Union, and European legislation brings strong regulation son the subject. In Brazil this vision brought by the Geographical Indication is still very recent and walks to a greater appreciation and regulation of such products. It follows GIs bring extremely positive contributions to local economies and to regional dynamics, providing the real meaning of value creation, acting as a kind of certification with defined attributes, ensuring their consistency with prescribed standards.

Incentives to Fair trade certification: the case of orange production in the state of Paraná, Brazil

The authors believe that contemporary challenges related to sustainable rural development planning and food security are encouraging experiments with new models of rural development that includes Fair trade arrangements. The article is based on the outcomes of a case study of motivations to adopt these arrangements among orange cultivators located in the state of Parana, in South Brazil. These arrangements are seen as an alternative, successful strategy for the small-scale farmers located in this area. The evidences confirm that the main impulse to make use of this kind of certification is related to expectations of improvements in quality of life for producers and their families. Regular access to markets was assumed as one important economic feature. From the environmental perspective the certification process allows too for coherent enforcement of the established regulations and also for the strengthening of so-called “good practices”. Otherwise, monitoring reveals the emergence of several obstacles due to cultural factors and to working contingencies. Bureaucratic control of the certification dynamics was considered rather as a positive factor of improvement of the whole productive system.

Верховенство права як юридичне обличчя держави

The purpose of this article is not to define the Rule of Law in a purely theoretical way. Rather, the focus is on how the concept is actually used by international policy-makers who advocate the export of the Rule of Law to fragile countries or to countries in their transition from one regime to another. The way this is done, as well as the peculiarities of this discourse, can be understood as soon as one takes into account that the export of the Rule of Law is a form of regulation by donor-countries, in particular as a form of goal-regulation. In goal-regulation, certain aims are imposed and further regulation is outsourced to the recipient countries, who are then obliged to report on the concrete measures they have taken and the institutional arrangements they have established. These concrete achievements function like a kind of certificate and can be labelled as a legal triple AAA, necessary for a good reputation, and, consequently, resources but may have very little relation to the rule of law in any of the philosophical meanings of that term.

Does Corporate Social Responsibility Affect the Performance of Firms?

Over the last two decades in OECD countries increasingly more firms are certifying as Socially Responsible (CSR is the acronym for Corporate Social Responsibility). This kind of certification is assigned by private companies that guarantee that a certain firm’s behaviour is environmentally and sociologically correct. Some papers (including Preston and O’Bannon, 1997; Waddock and Graves, 1997; McWilliams and Sieger, 2001; Ullman, 1985) tried to establish if there exists a link between Social Responsibility certification and the performance of firms. Their results were ambiguous and did not show any common connection. This ambiguity depends mainly on the static nature of their analyses and on the problem of whether performance is affected more by certification costs or by increasing sales due to an effect on reputation. Our work would like to discover whether certain performance indicators are affected by a firm’s social responsible behaviour and their certifications by looking at panel data. The novelty of our analysis is due to its dynamic aspect and from a CSR index that intersects two of the three main international indices (Domini 400 Social Index, Dow Jones Sustainability World Index, FTSE4Good Index), to be objective and obtain a representative sample. The main results seem to support the idea that CSR firms which are more virtuous, have better long run performance. They have some initial costs but obtain higher sales and profits due to several causes reputation effect, a reduction of long run costs and increased social responsible demand.

Innovation and Strategy in Micro, Small and Medium Businesses

The aim of this research is to analyze the innovation carried out by micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in connection with the strategic profile they have according to Miles and Snow’s typology (1978). The results show that prospector type companies are the ones that make further innovation in the productive, product/service, and management processes, however all types of companies claim to care for innovation in these issues, including reactor companies. In regard to ISO’s quality certification or its equivalent, analyzer companies are the ones that to a greater degree have already obtained some kind of certification.

The Impact of Forest Certification on Firm Financial Performance in Canada and the U.S.

The purpose of this article is to examine empirically the impact of environmental certification on firm financial performance (FP). The main question is whether there is a “green premium” for certified firms, and, if so, for what kind of certification. We analyze the short-run and the long-run stock price performance using an event-study methodology on a sample of Canadian and U.S. firms. The results of short-run event abnormal returns indicate that forest certification does not have any significant impact on firm FP regardless of the certification system carried out by firms. Unlike the short-run results, the long-run post-event abnormal returns suggest that forest certification has, on average, a negative impact on firm FP. However, the impact of forest certification on firm FP depends on who grants the certification, since only industry-led certification (Sustainable Forestry Initiative, Canadian Standards Association and ISO14001) are penalized by financial markets, whereas non-governmental organizations–led Forest Stewardship Council certification is not.

A software product certification model

Certification of software artifacts offers organizations more certainty and confidence about software. Certification of software helps software sales, acquisition, and can be used to certify legislative compliance or to achieve acceptable deliverables in outsourcing. In this article, we present a software product certification model. This model has evolved from a maturity model for product quality to a more general model with which the conformance of software product artifacts to certain properties can be assessed. Such a conformance assessment we call a ‘software product certificate’. The practical application of the model is demonstrated in concrete software certificates for two software product areas that are on different ends of the software product spectrum (ranging from a requirements definition to an executable). For each certificate, a concrete case study has been performed. We evaluate the use of the model for these certificates. It will be shown that the model can be used satisfactorily for quite different kinds of certificates.

Does Corporate Social Responsibility Affect The Performance of Firms?

Over the last two decades in OECD countries increasingly more firms are certifying as Socially Responsible (CSR is the acronym for Corporate Social Responsibility). This kind of certification is assigned by private companies that guarantee that a certain firm’s behaviour is environmentally and sociologically correct. Some papers (including Preston and O’Bannon, 1997; Waddock and Graves, 1997; McWilliams and Sieger, 2001; Ullman, 1985) tried to establish if there exists a link between Social Responsibility certification and the performance of firms. Their results were ambiguous and did not show any common connection. This ambiguity depends mainly on the static nature of their analyses and on the problem of whether performance is affected more by certification costs or by increasing sales due to an effect on reputation. Our work would like to discover whether certain performance indicators are affected by a firm’s social responsible behaviour and their certifications by looking at panel data. The novelty of our analysis is due to its dynamic aspect and from a CSR index that intersects two of the three main international indices (Domini 400 Social Index, Dow Jones Sustainability World Index, FTSE4Good Index), to be objective and obtain a representative sample. The main results seem to support the idea that CSR firms which are more virtuous, have better long run performance. They have some initial costs but obtain higher sales and profits due to several causes reputation effect, a reduction of long run costs and increased social responsible demand.

Universally composable anonymous Hash certification model

Ideal function is the fundamental component in the universally composable security model. However, the certification ideal function defined in the universally composable security model realizes the identity authentication by binding identity to messages and the signature, which fails to characterize the special security requirements of anonymous authentication with other kind of certificate. Therefore, inspired by the work of Marten, an anonymous hash certification ideal function and a more universal certificate CA model are proposed in this paper. We define the security requirements and security notions for this model in the framework of universal composable security and prove in the plain model (not in the random-oracle model) that these security notions can be achieved using combinations of a secure digital signature scheme, a symmetrical encryption mechanism, a family of pseudorandom functions, and a family of one-way collision-free hash functions. Considering the limitation of wireless environment and computation ability of wireless devices, this anonymous Hash certification ideal function is realized by using symmetry primitives.

Certification of algorithm 245 [M1]:treesort 3:proof of algorithms—a new kind of certification

Certification of algorithm 245 [M1]:treesort 3:proof of algorithms—a new kind of certification

The Library World Volume 6 Issue 6

The Library World Volume 6 Issue 6