Khorezm Region Research Articles

Massive obstetric bleeding: optimization of total hysterectomy surgery technique and conservative treatment

Objective. Reducing maternal mortality during massive obstetric bleeding (MOB) through optimizing total hysterectomy technique and improving the quality of infusion therapy.
 Materials and methods. The analysis and evaluation of the results of MOB treatment in a comparative aspect were carried out in retrospective and prospective groups from 2014 to 2019 in Urgench perinatal center and three maternity complexes of Khorezm region, Uzbekistan. The retrospective group included 72 pregnant women with an average blood loss of 2450.0±80.0 ml, while the prospective group included 78 pregnant women with an average blood loss of 2530.0±70.0 ml.
 Results and discussion. 1,419 (6.2 %) cases out of 22,896 deliveries in the retrospective group were accompanied by abnormal blood loss, and the MOB frequency of more than 1500.0 ml was determined in 0.3 % of all deliveries. 5 (62.5 %) of 8 cases of maternal mortality were directly related to MOB. In the retrospective group, a total hysterectomy was performed using traditional method for MOB, with an interoperable blood loss of 860.0±110.0 (p<0.05). Qualitative and quantitative composition of infusion therapy in this group averaged: saline sodium chloride solution 4350,0±350.0; Heloplasm (INN) -500,0±100,0; hydroxyethylated starch 1800.0±150.0; Rheosorbilact 400.0±50.0 and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) 1650.0±110.0. Optimized version of total hysterectomy in a prospective group differs from the traditional with one “hemostatic suture” imposed on all three formations (fallopian tube, own and round ligament). Imposed first in the distal, then proximal, and on descending and ascending departments a. uterinae during the operation. The optimized version of total hysterectomy resulted in reduction of interoperative blood loss by an average of 340.0±60.0 ml in MOB and reduction of operation time by 22.0±4.0 min, thereby improving the outcome of the operation. Amount of saline sodium chloride solution was injected in average by 1900.0; Refortan by 600.0; FFP by 230.0 less, and INN, Gelofuzin by 500.0 and Rheosorbilact by 400.0 more in the prospective group than in the retrospective group.
 Conclusions. Optimized version of total hysterectomy with improved qualitative and quantitative composition of infusion therapy for MOB contributed to reduction of maternal mortality by 19.7 % in the prospective group compared to the retrospective group.

The First 5 Years Characteristics of Growth and Development of Children Residing in the Regions of Uzbekistan

Introduction: Nutritional issues in children are associated with a complex of factors. Early assistance to thechild is feasible with the on time detection of developing deviations in the health, growth and development.The actual tasks were to determine the level of growth and development of children in the regions of theRepublic of Uzbekistan, assess the effectiveness of programs implemented in the country to improvenutrition and prevent micronutrient deficiency based on the application of new standards for the growth anddevelopment of children, as well as develop relevant proposals and recommendations.Materials and Method: 3969 children under 5 years old living in 6 regions of Uzbekistan were observed.In order to monitor the growth and development of children, anthropometric measurements were carried outin the following periods: the first measurements - at birth, the second and third - at the age of 15 days and1 month, then monthly until the expiration of 12 months, 1 time in 3 months - between 12 and 36 months,every 6 months - between 36 and 60 months and then annually. An immunological study was conducted aswell for children with malnutrition.Results: The percentage of BF in the city of Tashkent was 78.6%, Tashkent region - 66.4%, Khorezm region- 67.3%, Fergana region - 85.7%, Bukhara region - 72.2% and the Republic of Karakalpakstan - 89.0 %Based on those results, it can be stated that in the region where the percentage of IHV was lower (Tashkentand Khorezm regions), the percentage of children with low body weight is greater. By the end of 2012 andthe beginning of 2013, the percentage of children of the first 6 months of life with reduced weight decreasedin all regions. The dynamics of reduced weight by the end of 2012 among children aged 6-12 months waspositiveConclusion: Anthropometric indicators in children of the first 5 years of life, regardless of gender, inalmost all studied regions in terms of body weight and body length/height in most cases were same level. Inchildren under 5 years old, low body weight relative to age prevailed among the forms of impaired physicaldevelopment and nutrition in all regions.

Modern Trends in the Prevention of Liver Echinococcosis

The results of diagnostics and treatment of patients with liver echinococcosis were analyzed for the periodfrom 2010 to 2018. The follow-up amounted to 59 patients with recurrent liver echinococcosis. The acidformingfunction of the stomach was analyzed in 34 patients who were on inpatient treatment for liverechinococcosis. Indicators of secretion were reliably biased towards hypoacidity. We examined 31 familiesof patients. The total number of examined was 93. In 66,7% of family members who had previously beenoperated on for echinococcosis, reduced acidity was found. This indicates that the risk of infection withechinococcosis is much higher in a hypoacid state than in normoacidic or hyperacidic gastric juice. Amethod of using drugs based on albendazole in the preoperative period, as well as to prevent relapses in thepostoperative period, has been developed and proposed. The analysis of the incidence of liver echinococcosisin all districts of the Khorezm region was carried out. In all areas, especially in the most endemic ones,sanitary and educational activities are carried out both among the population and among the medical staffof regional clinics. Conducted interconnection with the veterinary service of the region, as well as with thesanitary and epidemiological bodies. The proposed method for applying Decasan residual cavity treatmentand ultrasonic cavitation has shown impressive efficiency due to the lower number of relapses

Impact of Climate Change on Groundwater Management in the Northwestern Part of Uzbekistan

Global climate change can have a significant impact on the development and sustainability of agricultural production. Climate scenarios indicate that an expected increase in air temperature in semiarid Uzbekistan can lead to an increase in evapotranspiration from agricultural fields, an increase in irrigation water requirements, and a deterioration in the ameliorative status of irrigated lands. The long-term mismanagement of irrigation practices and poor conditions of drainage infrastructure have led to an increase in the water table and its salinization level in the northwestern part of Uzbekistan. This article presents the results of an analysis of the amelioration of irrigated lands in the Khorezm region of Uzbekistan as well as the modeling of the dynamics of water table depths and salinity levels using the Mann–Kendall trend test and linear regression model. The study estimated the water table depths and salinity dynamics under the impact of climate change during 2020–2050 and 2050–2100. The results show that the water table depths in the region would generally decrease (from 1.72 m in 2050 to 1.77 m by 2100 based on the Mann–Kendall trend test; from 1.75 m in 2050 to 1.79 m by 2100 according to the linear regression model), but its salinity level would increase (from 1.72 g·L−1 in 2050 to 1.85 g·L−1 by 2100 based on the Mann–Kendall trend test; from 1.97 g·L−1 in 2050 to 2.1 g·L−1 by 2100 according to the linear regression model). The results of the study provide insights into the groundwater response to climate change and assist authorities in better planning management strategies for the region.

Integration of natural elements into the traditional house (of Khorezm region, Uzbekistan) for the climate improvement

This article is dedicated to the analysis and recommendations for the solution of a number of landscape problems related to architecture in the Khiva city. In particular, the advice is given on the use of methods such as "Chor-minor", "Chor-bag", which had existed in the Middle Ages.

The study of the growth of cuttings of varietal mulberry in conditions Khorezm region

The study of the growth of cuttings of varietal mulberry in conditions Khorezm region

Predictive Calculations of the Bulk Water Reservoir Capacity Using a Geographic Information System

The Tuyamuyun hydro-complex on the Amu Darya River, consisting of one in-channel and three off-channel basins with a design volume of 7.8 billion m3, was intended to improve the supply of irrigation water and electricity to the Khorezm region and the Republic of Karakalpakstan and to control the catastrophic floods in the lower reaches; it was put into operation in 1984. The water reservoir complex is in joint use by the Republics of Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. Numerous measurements showed that the useful volume of the reservoir due to siltation decreased from 2.34 billion m3 to 770 million m3, i.e. by 67%. To partially compensate for the lost capacity, it was proposed to build-up the protective levees and to erect the new dams, where the topography of the area allowed. Using the GIS, the predictive volumes to increase the capacity of the Channel water reservoir have been proposed, depending on the water level in the reservoir, which between the marks ▽130.0 and ▽131.5 amounted to 527.3 million m3. The necessity was shown to increase the height of the following protective dams: No. 1 ▽134.5, No. 2 ▽134.8, No3 ▽136.7, No. 4 ▽134.4, No. 5 ▽136.4. No. 6 ▽137.9, No. 8 ▽138.6, No. 9 ▽135 and land dam 134.8.

Time series analysis and forecasting of service sphere: Case study from Khorezm region, Uzbekistan

Time series analysis and forecasting of service sphere: Case study from Khorezm region, Uzbekistan

ВРЕД СОСУЩИХ ВРЕДИТЕЛЕЙ ЦИТРУСОВЫХ КУЛЬТУР

The article discusses the harm, biology and morphology of sucking pests of citrus crops. Citrus whitefly on citrus, in case of early settlement and high density, yield can be reduced up to 30%. It can give up to 3-4 generations. In the conditions of the Bukhara and Khorezm regions of Uzbekistan, citrus whitefly (Dialeurodes citri.) Can develop, which is distinguished by its smaller size and yellowish color.Citrus aphids One of the most common and dangerous pests of lemons and tangerines is aphids. It most often affects the plant during the period of active growth of young shoots, settling on them and quickly sucking juice from them. By this, it slows down its development; one can also observe that the leaves of citrus dry and fall, and young growth dries out

THE VEGETATION PERIOD OF WINTER WHEAT IN SOUTHERN AREAS OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

This article investigates the average vegetation temperature and the amount of precipitation for the irrigated area during the vegetation period based on meteorological and agrometeorological observations conducted at meteorological stations in the Republic of Karakalpakstan and Khorezm region. Changes in thermal regimes and temperatures and precipitation required for the development of the phenological phases of winter wheat have been studied in the region. The phenological phases of winter wheat planted in the region are analyzed depending on the thermal regime. Given the meteorological conditions, the optimal timing of winter wheat sowing is recommended.

CLINICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL AUDIT OF MEDICATIONS USED IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER CIRRHOSIS AT SEVERAL HOSPITALS IN KHOREZM REGION

Retrospectively, 239 medical histories of patients with cirrhosis of the liver treated during 2005-2015 in some hospitals of the Khorezm region were studied using a questionnaire. The questionnaire included 36 names of hepatoprotectors widely used in practical medicine in our country. Based on the data obtained, it was found that in the Khorezm region, the incidence of cirrhosis of the liver in women exceeds that of men. The frequency of liver cirrhosis in urban patients is twice lower than in rural ones. In the treatment of patients with cirrhosis of the liver, hepatoprotectors have a relatively high efficiency when used in combination.

REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PILGRIMAGE TOURISM IN UZBEKISTAN AND IN THE MAIN POINTS OF THE GREAT SILK ROAD

The holy places of Khorezm region are studied in the article, their role in the development of pilgrimage tourism in Uzbekistan and in the main destinations of the Great Silk Road is determined.

THE MAIN ELEMENTS OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF SOYBEAN VARIETIES CULTIVATION ON LOW SALINE SOILS IN KHOREZM REGION, UZBEKISTAN

The optimal timing of sowing soybean varieties on low saline soils of the Khorezm region is one of the most important agricultural practices. The material presented indicates that the land and water resources and thermal regime of the region are sufficient to ensure the growth and development and complete ripening of all soybean varieties with the highest possible efficiency. Analyzing the data obtained, it is necessary to indicate that in low saline soils of Khorazm region the best sowing dates for varieties Dustlik, Eureka 357 and Orzu are in the second decade of May. The use of rizotorphin while sowing soybean seeds leads to increased yields. Cultivated soybean varieties using rizotorphin leave on the field more crop residues, rich in nitrogen, and therefore are excellent forecrops for other agricultural plants. Preliminary salt leaching and land reclamation measures to combat negative impact of soil salinization are absolutely necessary before sowing soy.

Development of Statehood in Central Asia during the Achaemenid Period (6th — 4th centuries BC )

The paper examines the progressive significance of the entry of Parthia, Margiana, Khorezm and other regions of Central Asia into the structure of the Achaemenid State, the political regime of which had no obvious features of the occupation order based on the brutal exploitation of the conquered peoples, but rather flexible and adapted to the specificities of each area. The unification of the Central Asian peoples under the authority of the Achaemenid dynasty was also facilitated by their national, linguistic and mental similarities, since the Persians, on the one hand, the Saks, the Dahs, the Parthian, the Caspian, Khorezmians — on the other, were in previous epochs related to peoples and, most likely showed a tendency to political consolidation.On this basis it is concluded that the power of the Persian kings among the peoples of Central Asia, despite separatist tendencies and a number of anti-government speeches, was legitimate. Mutual cooperation and strong ties between the center and the provinces led to stability, peace, the creation of favorable conditions for the development of economic and trade relations, the establishment of regular monetary treatment, respect for the cultural, religious and linguistic identity of peoples and the balance of interests of social communities. The Achaemenid rule introduced in the history of legal thought the idea of fighting between the good and the evil, the proportionality of personal and State interests, the codification of the laws of the conquering peoples, their legal customs and religious norms in accordance with the general imperial law.This historical and legal experience was not only creatively perceived and applied by geopolitical successors of the Achaemenid state — Alexander the Great, Seleucids, Arshakid and Sassanid, but also in the context of modern national and state interests may be relevant for the Russian Federation, Iran, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan — leaders of the modern integration, defining the foreign policy and geopolitical orientations of the Central Asian region.

ДИНИЙ ХАЛФАЛАРНИНГ ХОРАЗМ ХАЛФАЧИЛИГИДАГИ ЎРНИ

The article says that, in the Khorezm region of Uzbekistan, the performer of folk songs and folk epic tales, as well as excerpts from dastans and their songs, are called half. Khalfachilik - the art of half was formed and developed in Khorezm in the Middle Ages.In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, this art acquires its status and form of performance, which was functioned by women in the female half of the Ichkari.

BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF SAINT MARY'S THISTLE (SILYBUM MARIANUM (L) GAERTN.) CULTIVATED IN SOIL-CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF KHOREZM REGION, UZBEKISTAN

In the world economy, in particular in Uzbekistan, the demand for herbal medicines remains stable and quite high every day. In this regard, there is a need to expand the raw material base due to cultivated and wild medicinal plants. Among them, St. Mary's Thistle (Silybum marianum (L). Gaertn.), Which is considered a new culture in the Republic of Uzbekistan, in particular the Khorezm region, is very significant. However, the possibilities of its application and cultivation technology, varietal differences, biological, physiological and biochemical features in the Khorezm region have not been studied. This article presents the results of studies of varietal differences in the dynamics of growth of the leaf surface, photosynthetic potential, the accumulation of green and dry biomass in the development phases of varieties of St. Mary's Thistle cultivated on saline soils of the Khorezm region. The study of the biological characteristics of various varieties of St. Mary's Thistle (Silybum marianum (L). Gaertn.) Panacea, Debut and Samaryanka. Thus, based on the research results and the noted biological features and varietal differences of the St. Mary's Thistle, the possibility and expediency of expanding the crops of this crop in the soil and climatic conditions of the Khorezm region are shown.

CONDITION OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEMS IN THE KHOREZM REGION AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THEIR IMPROVEMENT

This article provides information on the state of irrigation and drainage systems, the main types of groundwater regime, changes in the dynamics of the groundwater level, as well as changes in their salinity in the Khorezm region. The data on the distribution of land by salinity, the change in the total length of drainage systems on irrigated lands of the Khorezm region of the Republic of Uzbekistan are given. Recommendations are given for improving the passage of drainage water from irrigated areas. A set of organizational, land reclamation, land reclamation, and operational measures aimed at improving the technical and land reclamation condition of irrigated lands by improving the performance of irrigation and land reclamation systems has been substantiated. Rational methods of irrigation of crops in the Khorezm region are given.

AMINO ACIDIC COMPOSITION OF TRITICALE VARIETIES GROWN IN THE CONDITION OF KHOREZM REGION

The article provides an analysis of the total protein and gluten content, amino acid composition of 11 triticale varieties grown in moderately saline soils of Khorezm region. According to the results of the analysis, the total amount of 20 amino acids in 7 varieties of triticale was higher than in the control of soft wheat Krasnodarskaya-99, close in 3 varieties and low in 1 variety. Of all the amino acids studied, asparagine and glutamic acid, glutamine and cysteine were higher than other amino acids, tyrosine, methionine, phenylalanine and lysine were lower (0.7 to 0.12 mg / g), while Svat, Sergey and Prag serebristiy was found to be high in Silver varieties. In particular, the amino acid lysine triticale, which is important for animal nutrition, was found to be almost the same as in the control of Dustlik, Farkhod and Valentin-90 soft wheat varieties Krasnodar-99, but twice as high as in all other varieties.

THE ISSUE OF LEXIC LEVELS OF KHOREZM DASTANS’ ONOMASTICS

This article encompasses an overview of the dastans’ onomastics and gives a review of the etymology of proper nouns used in Khorezm national dastans. It also provides information on folklore, including linguocultural, ethnolinguistic, and sociolinguistic aspects of proper nouns found in the folklore lexicon.The article cites the studies of Uzbek scientists and foreign scholars, particularly American linguist and anthropologist Edward Sepir, who conducted research in the field of onomastics and relied on their methods of investigation. Dastan onomastics in Khorezm region differs with some of its features from the onomastics in other regions of Uzbek folklore. This area was inhabited by people who spoke the language of the Persian language group, the ancient Khorezmian language. Later, Turkic languages were spoken in the area, and the inhabitants of the area became accentuated in the Turkic language group. However, the elements of the ancient Khorezm language, which are the language of Persian languages group, have not disappeared completely. This article analyzes such names. It is true that the language of the Khorezm dastans contains lexical, and onomastic elements, which are borrowed from other languages, such as Arabic and Persian, however, as other articles have commented on them, the work is mainly about ancient Khorezmian and Mongol onomastic units. The ethnonymic materials from the Mongolian language, such as dorman (dorman), kenagas (ќenagas), nogay (noĝay), kipchak (qipcaq), nayman (nayman), qongirot are analyzed, while the onomastic units of the ancient Khorezmian language include etymological data on toponyms such as Chartak, Shamakh, Darband, Kushdarband, Khorezm, Khiva, as well as phytonyms of Yavshan, Janggal and others.

ECOLOGICAL AND AGROTECHNICAL VALUE OF THE SOY PLANTS ON THE SALTED SOILS OF THE ARAL AREA

Soybean cultivation on saline soils of the Khorezm region is one of the most important agricultural practices. In terms of environmental values, soy is a very favorable crop. The study of soybean varieties on the medium saline soils of Khorezm set us the task of evaluating the available mid-ripening soybean varieties from the point of view of the possibility of their cultivation and to evaluate them.