Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug Yugra Research Articles

An approach to the assessment of carbon reservesin KHMAO-Yugra using carbon maps

Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra has a large area of forest territories. And forest vegetation, like any vegetation, naturally dies sooner or later, as a result of which carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere from organic matter. This fact leads to an increase in the greenhouse effect and an increase in global warming.
 In order to prevent an increase in global temperature, it is necessary to estimate the carbon stock in the form of the amount of plant biomass, since more than 90% of the territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra (KhMAO-Yugra) is covered with forests.
 One of the ways to assess plant biomass is to create so-called carbon maps using remote sensing of the Earth (remote sensing) and machine learning methods.
 This paper provides an overview of existing solutions in the field of remote sensing and machine learning aimed at creating carbon maps. Based on this review, a research program has been proposed that will allow us to develop an approach that allows us to obtain a digital carbon map of the KhMAO with a given accuracy.

Status of biocenosis of vagina in pregnant women living in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra

Introduction. The intensive development of the mining industry led to a rapid growth in the population, large-scale migration processes to cities, the construction of numerous industrial facilities, which was accompanied by changes in the ecological, socioeconomic and cultural foundations of the local indigenous population (Khanty and Mansi) caused by the disruption of the usual rhythm of life that exists here. over the centuriesAim. The study of mass and growth parameters, the state of the biocenosis of the vagina and gastrointestinal tract in pregnant women living in the village and in the city in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra and correction of violations with metronidazole and miconazole.Materials and methods. A prospective analysis of complaints, anamnestic, anthropometric, as well as an assessment of the state of the biocenosis of the vagina and intestines in patients selected by the method of continuous sampling was carried out. We examined women from among the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the north (indigenous peoples of the North) – the Khanty and Mansi, living in the urban-type settlement. Berezovo, in camps and in the city of Khanty-Mansiysk. The comparison group included women from the migrant population (Russians) living in the city of Khanty-Mansiysk.Results. It was found that the greatest number of violations of the biocenosis of the vagina and intestines was in pregnant women living in the city, both from the indigenous minorities and the migrant population. Half of pregnant women, 50% of women, had normocenosis. Every second had inflammatory changes – nonspecific vaginitis occurred in 9.1%, vulvovaginal candidiasis in 13.6% and mixed pathogenic flora (bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis) were in 31.8% of women. Monitoring of the state of the vaginal biocenosis was carried out after 4–5 weeks and at the end of the postpartum period (40–44 days), normobiocenosis was determined. Relapses both before and after childbirth within 42 days were not observed in this contingent.Conclusion. The use of metronidazole and miconazole intravaginally is an effective trea for bacterial vaginosis in combination with vulvovaginal candidiasis with rapid relief of symptoms and no side effects.

БОЛЕЗНИ СИСТЕМЫ ПИЩЕВАРЕНИЯ: СМЕРТНОСТЬ И КАЧЕСТВО ДИСПАНСЕРНОГО НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ

Diseases of the digestive system take the 5th place in the structure of mortality of the population of the Russian Federation (73.3 per 100 thousand people) [3], and in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra - the 6th place (39.2 per 100 thousand people)[1,2]. In order to study the features of the structure of mortality from diseases of the digestive system, an analysis of statistical indicators in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra for 2021 was carried out and the quality of dispensary observation of the deceased among the adult population of Khanty-Mansiysk was analyzed.

Анализ региональных особенностей, влияющих на организацию и оказание медицинской помощи в ХМАО-Югре

Purpose of the study: assessment of the features of the geographical location, climatic conditions, economic development, demographic situation, affecting the organization of medical care in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra. Materials and research methods: statistical materials from the annual collection “Health of the population of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Ugra and the activities of medical organizations” and data of statistical reporting on the incidence of the population from the “Medstat” program were used. The analysis used indicators such as population density, the proportion of small peoples of the North, the availability of medical care, the proportion of the able-bodied population, indicators of the economic development of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra. Results. The conditions for the organization and provision of medical care on the territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra are determined by the geographic location of the area, equated to the regions of the Far North, the difficult climatic conditions that negatively affect human health, a significant proportion of the visiting population, poorly adapted to the conditions of the North, a combination of developed urban agglomerations (with a developed healthcare infrastructure) and sparsely populated areas, a significant length of the territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra, problems of transport infrastructure and low transport accessibility of remote areas.The above determine the need for approaches in planning medical care that are not typical for the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (for example, the territory of the Central Federal District). These approaches require increased costs for organizing a network of medical institutions and resource and staffing of medical care to the population, which is quite feasible taking into account the economic situation of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra. Conclusion. Factors affecting the organization and provision of medical care, and the health of the population of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra, should be attributed to the harsh climatic conditions, environmental factors associated with the extraction of minerals (oil and gas). Climatogeographic and social conditions are a risk factor for alcoholization of the population, the presence of natural focal diseases. Features of the economic development of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra requires increased costs for organizing a network of medical organizations, resource and staffing.

Estimation of the proportionality of the physical development of children of the Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous district – Yugra with non-differentiated connective tissue displasion

Background. Assessment of the physical development of children in individual regions of the Russian Federation does not lose its relevance and requires constant updating, in this regard, it is important to study it in children adapting to the climatic and geographical conditions of the North, as well as the effect of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia on it.
 Aim. Aim of the study is to study the gender and age characteristics of the proportionality of physical development in children with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia living in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug Yugra.
 Materials and methods. The analysis of physical development of 528 children of the second childhood and adolescence, living in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug Yugra, was carried out. The study group consisted of 342 children (248 boys and 94 girls) with a diagnostically significant number of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia symptoms (from 6 to 18 stigmas). The comparison group included 186 children (111 boys and 75 girls) who did not score a significant threshold of phene signs (from 0 to 5 stigmas). Physical development was assessed according to the Quetelet II weight-height index, chest-weight indices: Pignet, Vervek, and Brugsch, as well as proportionality indices: sternum, shoulder width, pelvic width, torso shape, arm and leg length indices, cranial and facial indices, interorbital-circular index.
 Results. Children without undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia during the second childhood have a tendency to malnutrition, and are characterized by a weak physique with a tendency to narrow chest. In adolescence, the tendency towards weakness of the physique persists, while height-weight ratios deviate towards normotrophy. Children with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia during the second childhood and adolescence have a rectangular or trapezoidal body with an average length, as well as long upper and lower limbs relative to the length of the body.
 Conclusion. The impact of the socio-ecological factors of the North neutralizes the differences in the rates of physical development in healthy children and persons with disorders caused by congenital disorders of organogenesis of the undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia type.

Practice of educational technologies application whitnin humanitarian disciplines training at Tyumen Industrial University

This article examines the use of modern educational technologies in the practice of the branch of the Tyumen Industrial University in the city of Surgut. The purpose of the study is to determine a number of educational technologies used in the TIU branch in Surgut. The methodology included generalization of reference and scientific literature, questionnaires, qualitative and quantitative analysis. The study included three stages. At the first stage, reference and scientific literature was summarized to determine the concept and main directions of modern education technologies. At the second stage, the experience of using modern teaching technologies in the practice of TIU branch in the city of Surgut is presented. At the third stage, a survey of students was conducted in order to identify the effectiveness of the introduction of modern educational technologies into the practice of the Tyumen Industrial University. The study was carried out on the basis of the branch of Tyumen Industrial University in the city of Surgut, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra. 70 respondents aged 18 to 22 took part in the study, of which 48 were males and 22 were females. The survey participants are various first, second and third year students. Before the survey, all students gave their verbal consent to the study, there were no people who refused to participate. After students assessed educational technologies at the university on a scale from 1 to 10, the following results were obtained: 5.7%. (4 people) of the respondents believe that all the conditions for the use of modern technologies already exist, 37.1% (26 people) rated it at 8-9 points, the majority of 52.9% (37 people) of the respondents gave a rating of 6- 7, 4.3% (3 people) gave a rating of 4-5, and none of the respondents rated the conditions for the use of modern teaching technologies at TIU as low 1-3. The number of respondents' answers in favor of each of the presented technologies was distributed as follows: 97.1% of respondents met with the design method, 84.3% with modular rating technology, 71.4% with interactive technology, 45.7% with gaming technology, 38 , 6% with the technology of problem learning, 35.7% with the technology of case learning, 20.0% with the technology of developing education. The authors came to the conclusion that among the promising technologies used in the university, it should be noted interactive (58.9%), problem-project (42.9%), modular-rating learning technologies (37.1%).

Institutional Environment for the "Green" Economy Development in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra

The paper studies the prerequisites for the "green" economy development in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra (KHMAO-Yugra). The development degree of the institutional environment of the "green" economy in Russia is compared to the CIS, European and Asian states. Based on statistical data, the scale of the prevalence of "green" economy elements in Yugra is estimated. The composition and the state of the institutional environment of the "green" economy in Russia and in Yugra are described. The features of the institutional vacuum and institutional traps of the "green" economy development in Yugra are revealed. Proposals on the institutional environment change at the regional and federal levels for the "green" economy development stimulation are given.

Investigation of physical and chemical heterogeneity of lake sediment sapropols in the okreg-yugra territory of khanty-mansi autonomous region (Russia)

The results of statistical processing of the physicochemical parameters of sapropel of lake deposits of the territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra are presented, which indicate that the heterogeneity of the composition and properties of sapropel is primarily determined by the available geographical position of the studied lakes: Their confinement to the right or left banks of the Ob River valley depend on the composition of the parent substrate the lake basins are formed on. The geomorphological factor imposes a minimal effect on the variability of the physicochemical characteristics of sapropel, being reflected only in the 4th most important of the identified factors. In contrast, none of the factors affects the deterioration of the balneological properties of sapropel.

Integrated study of land use conditions in Nefteyugansk Khanty-Mansi autonomous okrug–Yugra

The article deals with the comprehensive study of the most valuable lands in Nefteyugansk. Determining the prospects for land use has long-term and significant implications for the quality of life. The high level of investment support for development leads to the need for accurate, comprehensive accounting not only of the state of lands, but especially the conditions of their functioning.

Linguocognitive modeling of the image of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra (based on the data of federal mass media)

This article is dedicated to the problem of linguocognitive modeling of image of the region in the context of modern globalization processes and territorial identification among other constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The data of federal mass media published over the period from January 1, 2015 to January 31, 2021 served as the material for this research. The relevance of this article is defined by the interest of modern science in the problems of structural organization, substantive characterization, and typological specification of the image of separate territorial entities. The application of linguocognitive approach reveals the implicit properties of the phenomenon “the image of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra”, which is of crucial practical importance for representation of the region in the overall territorial arena of the Russian Federation. The conclusion is made on feasibility of constructing the linguistic image of the region based on its economic attractiveness (46%), cultural-historical attractiveness (17%), and spatial characteristics (11%). Each type of identification includes certain attributes of factual, associative, or symbolic nature. The scientific novelty lies in description of the conceptual model of regional linguistic space of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra, as well as the external image of the region based on the acquired data. The general methodology for determining the conceptual framework of representations on the region can be extrapolated to the practice of other Russian regions and identification of the similar processes of image design. The research perspective is determined by expansion of the material, modeling of the internal linguistic image of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra, and conducting comparative studies.

Assessment of heavy metals pollution level in sludge pit

The spatial analysis data of the concentration fields of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) is presented. The depth-areal heterogeneities of the metals distribution in the sludge pit of the well cluster within the territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra are revealed. The highest concentrations of heavy metals were observed in the places where drilling waste was discharged into a sludge pit through a sludge pipeline. The concentrations gradually decreased with distance from the discharge points.

Анализ уровня и структуры заболеваемости населения ХМАО-Югры

Purpose of the study: assessment of the level and structure of the incidence of the population to determine the main categories of diseases most common in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra, as well as making a territorial comparison of the incidence of the population. Materials and research methods: statistical materials from the annual collection “Health of the population of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra and the activities of medical organizations” and data of statistical reporting on the incidence of the population from the Medstat program were used, in particular, the primary morbidity of the population of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra in different age groups, the general incidence the population of different age groups of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra. The analysis used indicators such as primary morbidity, general morbidity, one-year mortality (died within the first year from the date of diagnosis) in malignant neoplasms. Results. The primary morbidity of the population in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra tends to grow in all age groups. The indicators of primary morbidity of the population of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra in 2018 are 17.1% higher than in the Russian Federation and 12.2% higher than in the Ural Federal District. In the structure of primary morbidity, the first place is taken by diseases of the respiratory system, the second place in the structure of the primary morbidity of people over working age is taken by diseases of the circulatory system, and the third place is by diseases of the genitourinary system. The overall incidence rate of the entire population is 1896 per 1000 population. In 2018, 41.2 cases of tuberculosis per 100 thousand of the population were detected for the first time in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra (in the Ural Federal District – 61.6, in the Russian Federation – 44.4 per 100 thousand of the population). This pathology tends to decrease and compared with 2017 decreased by 10.2% (the Russian Federation decreased by 8.1%, the Ural Federal District – 2.1%). The number of patients with newly diagnosed HIV infection in 2018 decreased by 1.5% compared to 2017 and amounted to 82.3 per 100 thousand population, which is higher than in the Russian Federation (58.5), but lower. than in the Ural Federal District (108.2) per 100 thousand population. Since 2012, there has been a tendency towards an increase in the incidence of malignant neoplasms, but the detection rate of malignant neoplasms at stages III-IV has not changed since 2015 and is 39.5%, which is higher than in the Russian Federation (38.5%). Conclusion: the primary morbidity in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra in 2018 is 17.1% higher than in the Russian Federation. In the first place are diseases of the respiratory system (48.4%, of which in children – 66.4, and in persons of older working age – 22.2%). In second place in children is infectious pathology, and in people of working age – diseases of the genitourinary system. The second place in morbidity in older people of working age is diseases of the circulatory system. The district has a high level of infectious and parasitic diseases. The number of patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis is lower than in the Ural Federal District and the Russian Federation. The number of patients with HIV infection is higher than in the Russian Federation, but lower than in the Ural Federal District. There is a tendency towards an increase in the number of malignant neoplasms. The number of neoplasms is lower than in the Ural Federal District and the Russian Federation. In the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra, there is a positive trend in the reduction of socially significant diseases, such as tuberculosis, HIV infection, STIs, alcoholism, drug addiction, injuries and an increase in overall morbidity, including malignant neoplasms, which indicates the availability of medical care, health literacy of the population and carrying out appropriate preventive work.

The Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra (Russia) typical intra-bog algocenoses analytical assessment

The work was carried out on the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug nine typical intra-bog lakes freshwater algae material in the period 2008-2018. The studies were carried out according to the classical methods adopted in algology. Species identification was carried out using light microscopes Nikon ECLIPSE E200 and OLYMPUS SX4, taking into account the nomenclature changes published in the international electronic database Algae Base. Algae, mainly phytoplankton, were studied in nine lakes with a 50 to 1162 hectares area. Each of the analysed limnological systems is characterized by both general and specific features, which, on the one hand, reflects belonging to high latitudes water bodies, and on the other hand, indicates the differences between each of the systems, due to their type and anthropogenic load. A high significance was revealed in the families Desmidiaceae and Eunatiae all lakes, a generic ranks structure significant diversity, in which the genera Dinobryon, Eunotia, Staurastrum are of the greatest importance. The work analyses the identified algae taxonomic composition calculates the algocenoses saturation, specificity, and similarity coefficients, and the dominants’ composition.

Influence of the oil production complex on surface and underground water and their current ecological state

The article deals with the problems of surface waters in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra, which contain a large amount of oil products and phenols. Oil is the most dangerous pollutant for water resources. The land "flavored" with oil dies for several decades, oil oppresses soil biota, pollutes surface and ground waters. We need innovative purification methods and technologies to purify and improve the conditions of water.

Анализ особенностей половозрастного состава населения ХМАО-Югры за 2018-2019 гг.

Purpose of the study: assessment of the gender and age structure of the population in terms of its impact on the upcoming dynamics of natural increase and changes in the population. Materials and methods of research. We used statistical materials from the “Health of the population of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra and activities of medical organizations” annual collection and data of statistical reporting of the population from the program “Medstat”, in particular the number of persons residing on the territory of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra, number of female and male population by age category (children, adults of employable age, people over employable age). Such indicators as demographic potential of gender and age structure of population, mortality, fertility, natural population growth, life expectancy, demographic load were used in the analysis. Results. It was revealed that life expectancy for 2018 in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra is 1.4 years higher than the national average and amounts to 74.3 years (Russian Federation – 72.9 years, Ural Federal District – 72.01), which indicates high quality and availability of medical care in the Okrug. The dependency ratio (ratio between the employable part of the population and the non-employed population (children, retirees) in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra is: 657 citizens of nonworking age per 1,000 citizens of working age, in the Ural Federal District – 803, in the Russian Federation – 804, which indicates a younger composition of the District’s population than in the whole country. The natural increase of the population in 2018 was 7.3 per 1,000 population, in 2017-7.9 (Russian Federation – natural decrease 1.6, the Ural Federal District – natural increase 0.0). The total fertility rate (number of children per woman) in KhMAO-Yugra is 1.84 (in the Russian Federation – 1.57), which indicates that the birth rate in the Okrug is higher than in the whole country. Conclusion. The age structure of the population of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra is different from the age structure of the Russian Federation as a whole; the maximum number of persons is in the age group of 30-39 years old. Despite the low proportion of people over the employable age, we should note a steady trend towards an increase in the number of this age group in the Okrug. Life expectancy for 2018 in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra is 1.4 years higher than the Russian average and amounts to 74.3 years (Russian Federation – 72.9 years, Ural Federal District – 72.01 years). The analyzed data testify to the young composition of the population, as the maximum number of persons is in the age group of 30-39 years old. There are high birth rates and low mortality rates of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra population.

Three Silver Dishes from Yugra

We introduce medieval silver dishes found near Peregrebnoye, Oktyabrsky District, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra, Western Siberia. In our opinion, they are associated with the Peregrebnoye I fortified site, dating to the late first to early second millennia AD. They may also have belonged to an Ob Ugric sanctuary. A chronological and cultural attribution of the dishes is proposed. The dish likely representing an ibex is considered to be Sogdian, belonging to the second stage of School A, according to B.I. Marshak. It has several parallels among the medieval silver vessels from the Kama basin. The tripod dish, showing a lion clawing a deer against a background decorated with a circular stamp, is either Sogdian or eastern Iranian, dating to late 8th to 10th centuries. The one representing a king riding a horse and accompanied by two warriors is a somewhat simplified replica of Sasanian prototypes, and could have been manufactured in one of the trade centers of eastern Iran or Central Asia no earlier than the 8th century—likely in the 9th–10th centuries. The Peregrebnoye finds are analyzed with reference to the 8th–10th century Sogdian and eastern Iranian silver vessels from the Lower Ob region. Their distribution area includes the Severnaya Sosva and Synya Rivers, and the vicinity of Berezovo.

Формирование механизма обеспечения экономической безопасности предприятий топливно-энергетического комплекса Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югры

The article substantiates the relevance of considering the issues of ensuring the economic security of enterprises of the fuel and energy complex, their role in the national security system. A characteristic is given to the fuel and energy complex of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra - the main oil and gas producing region of the country; the main challenges and threats to the economic security of enterprises of the fuel and energy complex of this region are identified. The key elements of the mechanisms of economic security of enterprises are considered. The author's mechanism for ensuring the economic security of enterprises of the fuel and energy complex on the basis of network interaction is proposed.

Interrelation of hydrochemical indicators and the microbial community structure in the rivers within oil fields of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra

Assessing the quality of environmental objects, identifying the causes of pollution and predicting the future state is an urgent and important task, since it is the quality of natural objects that largely determines the state of human health. This paper presents results of the statistical analysis of the data of water quality monitoring in the rivers within oil fields of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug Yugra during 20182019. The correlation analysis (according to Pearson) was carried out to identify the relationships between the samples of hydrochemical parameters and the number of microorganisms of various ecological-trophic groups. As a result of the correlation analysis of the relationship between the indicators of the chemical composition of water, a direct and inverse correlation was obtained for the following indicators: total iron, anionic surfactants, nickel, phenols, copper, sulfates, ammonium ions, lead, phosphates, manganese. The maximum value of the correlation coefficient is observed for Ni and Cr concentrations. For total iron and manganese, a significant positive correlation is also revealed. The distribution of chemical compounds in the rivers doesnt have a pronounced correlation dependence, which is probably due to the heterogeneity of the composition of the waters, as well as to the increasing impact on the environment of the oil and gas complex.

Study and teaching of regional history in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra

В статье характеризуются итоги учебной и исследовательской деятельности по изучению и преподаванию региональной истории ХМАО-Югры. Особое внимание уделено новому пособию по истории региона для учащихся 10-х классов.

Проблемы и перспективы этнокультурного образования в ХМАО-Югре

Проблемы и перспективы этнокультурного образования в ХМАО-Югре