Key Performance Factors Research Articles

The environmental performance of plastic packaging waste management in Germany: Current and future key factors

AbstractPlastic is a popular packaging material, but also criticized as a symbol for the make‐use‐dispose economy because of its short lifespan, its dependency on fossil fuels, and its potential contribution to marine litter. To identify current and potential future key factors for the environmental performance of plastic packaging waste (PPW) management in Germany, a life cycle assessment considering five different pathways of PPW (including deposit‐refund systems, separately collected lightweight packaging waste, and treatment of non‐source‐separated residual waste) was performed. The analysis related to the year 2017 and also considered prospective changes in the background system until 2050 by adapting inventories to shared socioeconomic pathways in line with the Paris Agreement. Key factors for the environmental performance were determined by perturbation analysis. Source separation, quality and quantity of recycled plastics, and emissions from the thermal utilization of residues were identified as key factors for the environmental performance of PPW management. While benefits of PPW management are expected to decrease due to prospective system changes, source separation and the separation of plastics from residual waste gain in importance. Potential measures for improving the environmental performance should focus on long‐term key factors, especially separating PPW from the residual waste (in households or in waste treatment facilities) as well as increasing the quantities and qualities of recycled plastics. The present study showed that the evaluation of system performance in view of changing boundary conditions is key to identify optimal configurations of future PPW management.

Parameter estimation procedures for exponential-family random graph models on count-valued networks: A comparative simulation study

The exponential-family random graph models (ERGMs) have emerged as an important framework for modeling social networks for a wide variety of relational types. ERGMs for valued networks are less well-developed than their unvalued counterparts, and pose particular computational challenges. Network data with edge values on the non-negative integers (count-valued networks) is an important such case, with examples ranging from the magnitude of migration and trade flows between places to the frequency of interactions and encounters between individuals. Here, we propose an efficient parallelizable subsampled maximum pseudo-likelihood estimation (MPLE) scheme for count-valued ERGMs, and compare its performance with existing Contrastive Divergence (CD) and Monte Carlo Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MCMLE) approaches via a simulation study based on migration flow networks in two U.S. states. Our results suggest that edge value variance is a key factor in method performance, while network size mainly influences their relative merits in computational time. For small-variance networks, all methods perform well in point estimations while CD greatly overestimates uncertainties, and MPLE underestimates them for dependence terms; all methods have fast estimation for small networks, but CD and subsampled multi-core MPLE provides speed advantages as network size increases. For large-variance networks, both MPLE and MCMLE offer high-quality estimates of coefficients and their uncertainty, but MPLE is significantly faster than MCMLE; MPLE is also a better seeding method for MCMLE than CD, as the latter makes MCMLE more prone to convergence failure. The study suggests that MCMLE and MPLE should be the default approach to estimate ERGMs for small-variance and large-variance valued networks, respectively. We also offer further suggestions regarding choice of computational method for valued ERGMs based on data structure, available computational resources and analytical goals.

Clearing the hurdles: Revisiting the under-performance hypothesis for women-led VC funded firms

ABSTRACT This study revisits the female underperformance hypothesis by investigating the influence of CEO gender on key performance factors for VC funded firms from 2011–2016. We used a matched case-control sample approach to reduce the confounding influence of industry sector on gender differences for four key performance outcomes – total capital, raised total rounds of funding, successful exit or business failure. Results show gender does not predict funding raised or firm performance, and that key legitimacy markers, including elite education, external endorsement and high-status investors, offset potential gender discounts for women-led firms. Implications are that the female underperformance hypothesis should not be perpetuated as a legitimizing myth or stereotype predicting performance of women entrepreneurs in management studies. In practice, VCs should not rule out investments or expect poor performance based on CEO gender.

Moderating Effect of Business Environmental Dynamism in the Innovativeness—Company Performance Relationship of Congolese Manufacturing Companies

Research has shown that innovativeness is a key factor in business performance. However, the link between innovativeness and organisational performance and the role of environmental dynamism are still being debated. This study thus sought to analyse the moderating effect of the dynamism of the business environment in the relationship between innovativeness and performance of manufacturing companies. In order to do this, a questionnaire was distributed to 344 owners and managers of manufacturing companies operating in the north-eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. One hundred and seventy-eight of these questionnaires were returned and used to test the study’s hypotheses. The study used an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression under the hierarchical regression analysis approach. The results confirm the positive and significant effect of innovativeness on company performance. On the other hand, results indicate that business environmental dynamism has a direct positive and significant effect on company performance. However, the dynamism of the business environment negatively influences the relationship between innovativeness and company performance. Based on these results, recommendations and further research perspectives are suggested.

ANALYSIS OF FLOW AND TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION IN JOURNAL BEARING LUBRICATED WITH VEGETABLE OIL

The use of vegetable oil as a sustainable alternative to mineral oil in lubrication applications has garnered considerable attention. This research focuses on evaluating three different vegetable oils, namely palm mid olein (PMO), refined bleached deodorized palm oil (RBDPO), and rapeseed oil, for their effectiveness in lubricating a hydrodynamic journal bearing. The study examines key performance factors such as pressure, temperature, load-carrying capacity, and coefficient of friction. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is employed to compare the lubricating capabilities of the vegetable oils against engine oil. Rapeseed oil emerges as the most promising option among the vegetable oils, displaying notable advantages. It demonstrates a 22.12% higher pressure, 26.37% higher load-carrying capacity, and 0.37% higher temperature distribution compared to PMO. In contrast, while engine oil exhibits a 16.67% higher pressure distribution and 35.8% higher load-carrying capacity, it also comes with a drawback of 44.29% higher coefficient of friction compared to other vegetable oils. It is worth noting that the simulation results have been validated through experimental data, leading to the conclusion that engine oil surpasses vegetable oils in terms of pressure and temperature distribution.

THE EFFECT OF HYBRIDIZATION ON THE GOVERNANCE OF A PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) IN THE CONSPECTUS OF MANDATORY AND VOLUNTARY FINANCIAL REPORTING

In the conceptualization and theoretical framework of hybrid organizations and in the construction of a role of key performance indicators, Alter (2004), and Ponte et al. (2017) refer to hybrid organizations as the result of hybridization, between the entities with and without profit. These hybrid organizations operate on the border between the non-profit (or public) and for-profit (or private) sectors and are both market-oriented and mission--oriented. The research project presented in this work shows how a hybrid organization faces the problem/challenge of managing, measuring, and reporting financial information, as well as the tools it uses to prevent possible deviations from mission or revenue. Through a systematic review of the literature, the author intended to contribute to the identification and characterization of performance measurement tools, which allow the control of both objectives, social and financial performance, in the hybrid organizational context, to reduce the risk of unwanted deviations. The performance of a PPP is measured from at least three perspectives: (1) the private aspects, such as a return of investment, (2) the public aspects, such as improvements in quality of life, and (3) the partnership itself, as an organization and management capacity. As a hybrid organization, the company cannot simply look for financial performance, social responsibility issues are also at stake, as well as a set of non-market aspects, such as: ethical behavior, contribution to social development, as well as improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families (Ponte et al 2017). Bearing in mind that performance management is only as effective as its measurements (Grossman, 2012), the measurement tool proposed matches the strategic challenges and control needs of hybrid organizations. The identified model, SBSC, provides a better understanding of the company’s sustainability strategy, inside and outside, associated with a holistic view of the aspects of social responsibility, as well, tracking its impact on the other key performance factors.

The use of Cause and Effect Diagram (Fishbone) and its impact on Personal Quality Management: Case Study in a classroom during the pandemic of COVID – 19

Personal quality and total quality management (TQM) are key success factors for organizational performance. The combination of individual and team quality management actions leads to motivated people in the workplace and can create high quality processes, relationships and outputs. The Cause and Effect Diagram (Fishbone) is one of the seven most known quality tools and it provides a systematic way of looking at effects and the causes that create or contribute to those effects. It helps an organization to identify, analyze and improve quality issues.
 This study examines the use of the Cause and Effect Diagram (Fishbone) quality tool in a classroom during the pandemic of COVID – 19. After the use of the tool by the class participants on personal and team level, students were also asked to assess its impact and provide feedback over the connection of this tool application to personal quality development.
 The researchers concluded that on a team basis, the Cause and Effect Diagram helped the team members visually diagram the problems and allowed them to truly diagnose the problem, to separate a problem's content from its history, and facilitated team consensus around its causes. Finally, it is well – known that by team action are cultivated skills such as cooperation, team – thinking, determination, persuasion, creativity, inspiration, fast problem solving, synergy, immediate decision making and direct communication.
 EL Classification: Μ19
 Keywords: Total Quality Management, Personal Quality, Cause and Effect Diagram, Personal and Team Projects

Real-Time Data Sensing for Microseismic Monitoring via Adaptive Compressed Sampling

The large amount of monitoring data has posed enormous challenges to the quick response and accurate analysis of microseismic events. Compressed sensing (CS) has the advantages of low resource cost, high efficiency, and excellent data compression ratio, over conventional sensing methods. However, there are still issues to be addressed for its applications: 1) The poor quality and complex signal structure significantly increased the difficulty of keeping satisfactory efficiency; 2) The systematic design of the sparse dictionary, and the measurement matrix for microseismic signal CS are still poor; 3) The conventional recovery algorithms also require prior knowledge of signal sparsity, which is hardly possible to know or estimate in practice. Therefore, an adaptive realtime sensing method for microseismic monitoring from the perspective of systematic design was proposed in this work. We first analyzed noise and signal structure characteristics to construct an over-complete learning dictionary. Secondly, according to the learned dictionary, we analyzed the key performance factors of random projection through comparison between different matrices. Thirdly, we explored the relationship between the signal sparsity and the residual energy decay during data recovery with the greedy pursuit algorithms, and then presented an energy-ratio based sparsity adaptive matching algorithm. Finally, we carried out the performance evaluation of the proposed realtime sensing method through synthetic signals and field monitoring data.

Evaluation of Bond (Adhesive) Strength Between Conventional Concrete and Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Interface

Good bond strength between overlay and substrate is a key factor in performance of concrete repairs. This thesis was aimed at studying the evaluation of bond strength between conventional concrete substrate and steel fiber reinforced concrete. Many factors such as surface roughness, existence of micro cracks, compaction, curing etc. influence `the bond strength. The quality assurance of the bond strength requires test methods that can quantify the bond strength as well as identify the failure mode. There have been numerous investigations led to development of different test methods. The forces which are applied in each test and the failure mode are important in order to choose the proper test. An interpretive study on test methods is presented. While this study can provide individually useful information on bond strength and bond characterization.

The Moderating Role of Liquidity in the Relationship between the Expenditures and Financial Performance of SMEs: Evidence from Jordan

The current paper aims to investigate the moderating role of liquidity in the relationship between accounting and advertising expenditures and the financial performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Jordan. Furthermore, the present paper highlights the importance of managing expenditures and improving financial performance. Since the performance of Jordanian SMEs is extremely critical, furthermore, the present paper explores the possibility of empowering these businesses in order to achieve profitability. This paper is based on descriptive statistics, regression, and correlation analysis in order to analyze the data, collecting secondary data from 200 SMEs. The results demonstrate that accounting expenditures are key factors for financial performance, especially in SMEs. Moreover, SMEs are more sensitive to liquidity challenges, which significantly impact their short-term expenditure and consequently influence their financial performance. It is evident that accounting expenditures moderated by liquidity have a positive effect on the financial performance of SMEs. However, our findings indicate a negative effect regarding the relationship between advertising expenditures and financial performance. According to the results of this study, regulators may offer new regulations and legislation in the future to the Ministry of Finance and the Amman Stock Exchange.

Comparison of the effects of long-lasting static stretching and hypertrophy training on maximal strength, muscle thickness and flexibility in the plantar flexors

Maximal strength measured via maximal voluntary contraction is known as a key factor in competitive sports performance as well as injury risk reduction and rehabilitation. Maximal strength and hypertrophy are commonly trained by performing resistance training programs. However, literature shows that long-term, long-lasting static stretching interventions can also produce significant improvements in maximal voluntary contraction. The aim of this study is to compare increases in maximal voluntary contraction, muscle thickness and flexibility after 6 weeks of stretch training and conventional hypertrophy training. Sixty-nine (69) active participants (f = 30, m = 39; age 27.4 ± 4.4 years, height 175.8 ± 2.1 cm, and weight 79.5 ± 5.9 kg) were divided into three groups: IG1 stretched the plantar flexors continuously for one hour per day, IG2 performed hypertrophy training for the plantar flexors (5 × 10–12 reps, three days per week), while CG did not undergo any intervention. Maximal voluntary contraction, muscle thickness, pennation angle and flexibility were the dependent variables. The results of a series of two-way ANOVAs show significant interaction effects (p < 0.05) for maximal voluntary contraction (ƞ2 = 0.143–0.32, p < 0.006), muscle thickness (ƞ2 = 0.11–0.14, p < 0.021), pennation angle (ƞ2 = 0.002–0.08, p = 0.077–0.625) and flexibility (ƞ2 = 0.089–0.21, p < 0.046) for both the stretch and hypertrophy training group without significant differences (p = 0.37–0.99, d = 0.03–0.4) between both intervention groups. Thus, it can be hypothesized that mechanical tension plays a crucial role in improving maximal voluntary contraction and muscle thickness irrespective whether long-lasting stretching or hypertrophy training is used. Results show that for the calf muscle, the use of long-lasting stretching interventions can be deemed an alternative to conventional resistance training if the aim is to increase maximal voluntary contraction, muscle thickness and flexibility. However, the practical application seems to be strongly limited as a weekly stretching duration of up to 7 h a week is opposed by 3 × 15 min of common resistance training.

Experimental investigations on fuel spatial distribution characteristics of aeroengine afterburner with all typical components

The fuel space distribution is a key factor in the combustion performance of afterburner. We have investigated the fuel space distribution and flow field in afterburner with all typical components. In this study, the complete afterburner test section of the afterburner is composed of a typical mixing diffuser, fuel supply system, flame stabilizer and heat shield. At the same time, we built an experimental system that enables a wide operating range of the afterburner. A temperature measuring rake, a pressure measuring rake, a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system and a laser particle sizer were used to measure the flow field and fuel distribution in the combustor. It was found that the fuel particle size in the combustor space along the flow direction decreases, then increases and then gradually decreases. This is because the fuel particle size is smallest at the vortex nucleus in the recirculation zone after the stabilizer. The increase of the incoming Mach number will lead to an increase in the range of the recirculation zone behind the stabilizer, thus making the fuel distribution in the entire combustor more uniform. When the diffusion ratio is increased from 1.0 to 1.4, a significant asymmetric counter-rotating vortex pair can be formed after the stabilizer. Compared with the blockage ratio of 0.2 and 0.4, when the blockage ratio is 0.3, the fuel particle size will be reduced by 24%–32%. The spatial distribution of the fuel is not sensitive to pressure changes, and under the experimental conditions, the fuel particle size will increase by 9–25 µm with the decrease of pressure. In summary, when the diffusion ratio is 1.4 and the blockage ratio is 0.3, the afterburner has the most reasonable fuel distribution and flow field, which is conducive to the stable and efficient operation of the afterburner..

Multi-scale synergic optimization strategy for dielectric energy storage ceramics

Dielectric capacitors, serving as the indispensable components in advanced high-power energy storage devices, have attracted ever increasing attention with the rapid development of science and technology. Among various dielectric capacitors, ceramic capacitors with perovskite structure show unique advantages in actual application, such as excellent adaptability in high temperature environments. And the optimization of their energy storage performances has become a hot research topic recently. This review presents the basic principles of energy storage in dielectric ceramics and introduces multi-scale synergic optimization strategies according to the key factors for superior energy storage performance. By summarizing the common points in numerous works, several universal modification strategies are reviewed and future research on fatigue fracture of ceramic capacitors under multi-field including but not limited to force, electric and thermal coupling conditions is also anticipated.

Key factors of educational CRM success and institution performance: A SEM analysis

Customer relationship management (CRM) success is vital in today’s growing business practice, including in higher education institutions (HEIs). Within this study context, educational customer relationship management (EdCRM) is utilized to manage the interaction between educational institutions and their future and current students. This study aimed at determining the predicting role of institutional capability (IC), student orientation (SO), digital technology (DT), and facilitating condition (FC) to EdCRM success. The study also assessed FC and EdCRM success as factors affecting institution performance (IP). The instrument of the current study was adapted from prior studies and piloted; the pilot data were validated through explanatory factor analysis (EFA). The main data were gathered from 537 respondents. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) procedures were used to examine the hypotheses. Findings indicated that the EdCRM success was significantly predicted by IC, SO, and DT. Meanwhile, FC was reported to insignificantly predict EdCRM success. FC and EdCRM success strongly predicted IP. Recommendations were proposed for the betterment of EdCRM success and IP in HEIs.

The effects of analytics capability and sensing capability on operations performance: the moderating role of data-driven culture.

Studies indicate that organizational capability is a key factor in operational performance, and that both sensing and analytics capabilities have a significant influence on operational performance. This study develops a framework to examine the impact of organizational capability on operational performance, with a specific focus on the implementation of sensing and analytics capabilities. We combine strategic fit theory, the dynamic capability view, and the resource-based view to examine how micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) strategically integrate a data-driven culture (DDC) with their organizational capabilities to enhance operational performance. We carry out empirical research to investigate whether a DDC moderates the influence of organizational capability on operational performance. Structural equation modeling of survey data from 149 MSMEs reveals that both sensing and analytics capabilities have a positive impact on operational performance. The results also suggest that a DDC positively moderates the influence of organizational capability on operational performance. We discuss the theoretical and managerial implications of our findings, the limitations of the study, and opportunities for further research.

Sport-specific differences in key performance factors among handball, basketball and table tennis players

Abstract Change of direction speed, reaction time, sprint speed, and explosive strength are important factors that determine athletes’ performance in the majority of sports. From the practical standpoint, it is of interest to investigate to what extent they differ among athletes of team and individual sports. We compared 7 handball, 11 basketball, and 15 male table tennis players in four reaction time tests, 505 Agility test, 5m and 20m sprints, squat, countermovement, and drop jumps. Basketball players performed better in reaction time to fast generating stimuli (12.6%, p=.001) and countermovement jump height (14.5%, p=.05) than handball players. In addition, they achieved a higher reactive strength index (25%, p=.01) than table tennis players. Handball players were faster in the 505 Agility test compared to table tennis players (4.6%, p=.04). Results revealed that performance of basketball players is mainly determined by explosive strength, handball players by change of direction speed, and table tennis by speed of response to visual stimuli. These differences may be ascribed to long-term adaptation to sport-specific stimuli. Novel assessment methods and devices should better determine key performance factors of athletes with regard to sport-specific tasks.

Exploring empowerment as an enabler of effective knowledge management

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the degree to which trust influences job satisfaction and job performance by building on research in the organizational sciences about the relationships between interpersonal trust relationships, cognitive empowerment, job performance and job satisfaction. This study's primary research question is: What factors contribute to job satisfaction and job performance?Design/methodology/approachData are collected through a field survey. The data set has 738 responses from employees who work in the financial sector in Turkey. Structural equation modelling was used to validate the hypotheses.FindingsThis study's main findings are that when considering job satisfaction and job performance, cognition-based trust (CBT) has a strong influence on both constructs, whereas affect-based faith has a medium effect on job satisfaction and no significant effect on job performance.Originality/valueIn an organization where trust is established, knowledge exchange will be facilitated and knowledge management will be done correctly. Therefore, trust is a critical factor for knowledge management. On the other hand, knowledge is an important key factor for job performance. Trust has two parts: affect-based trust and CBT. Psychological empowerment has four variables: impact, competence, meaningfulness and self-determination. This study aims to investigate the relationships between psychological empowerment, trust, job satisfaction and job performance.

Sentimental tourism to a lost land: age and roots diversification

Objetivo (límite 100 palabras)Este estudio pretende explorar el fenómeno del turismo sentimental en Europa Central y Oriental, que consiste en viajar a lugares relacionados con el pasado de las personas o de su país por motivos sentimentales en referencia a acontecimientos históricos perturbadores (por ejemplo, cambios fronterizos, territorios perdidos), e identificar diferentes segmentos dentro de los turistas sentimentales.Diseño/metodología/enfoque (límite 100 palabras)Se realizó una encuesta a 400 turistas sentimentales polacos para comparar sus actitudes y comportamientos al visitar una tierra “perdida” según la edad y las raíces familiares. Se realizaron pruebas t de muestras independientes y ANOVA para comparar las opiniones de los turistas sentimentales por edad y origen fronterizo. Se aplicó un análisis factorial exploratorio para identificar las dimensiones subyacentes del funcionamiento del destino. Se aplicó un análisis de conglomerados para clasificar a los turistas en segmentos en base a su percepción del funcionamiento del destino.Resultados (límite 100 palabras)Este estudio analizó la actitud y el comportamiento de los turistas sentimentales en función de la edad y los arraigos o raíces familiares. Se revelaron algunas diferencias significativas en el motivo del viaje, el interés por las atracciones patrimoniales y la percepción de los resultados del destino entre los distintos grupos. El estudio también identifica tres factores clave del “funcionamiento” de los destinos: la accesibilidad, el sentimiento y las infraestructuras y la seguridad. Basándose en análisis factoriales y de conglomerados, los turistas sentimentales polacos se dividieron en tres tipos de vinculaciones: los turistas sentimentales de más edad vinculados personalmente, los turistas sentimentales más jóvenes vinculados cognitivamente y los turistas con interese generales.Originalidad/valor (límite 100 palabras)A diferencia del turismo de raíces, el turismo sentimental es único al incluir a turistas sin arraigos personales pero que sienten un sentimiento hacia el destino basado en la herencia compartida de territorios perdidos. Este estudio muestra el apego de los turistas sentimentales a una tierra perdida que solía pertenecer a su país y la diferente percepción del destino que tienen los turistas de raíces y los que no lo son. El turismo sentimental en Europa Central ofrece una nueva perspectiva para considerar la relación entre los turistas y los lugares patrimoniales, así como la segmentación turística a través de la comparación de los turistas de raíces y los que no lo son.

Determinants of Reactive Agility Performance in Table Tennis Players

BACKGROUND: Table tennis is considered as a reaction sport, in which reaction speed is the key factor of sports performance. However, in addition to the quality of sensory (or cognitive) functions, it also requires a rapid motor response. Reactive agility is one of the most important qualities of table tennis performance. It comprises both sensory and motor components. Therefore, the aim of this study was to find the relationship between reactive agility performance and reaction speed (sensory part), sprint and change of direction speed, and muscle strength parameters (motor part) and thus to identify determinants of reactive agility in table tennis players. METHODS: Fifteen male competitive table tennis players (26.3 ± 4.0 years, 179.4 ± 6.0 cm, 77.2 ± 6.4 kg) performed the Reactive Agility Test (RAT), three reaction time tests (simple and choice reaction, reaction to four visual stimuli), sprint for 5 m, 505 Agility test, countermovement and drop jumps. RESULTS: Pearson correlation coefficient revealed a significant relationship between RAT performance and reaction time to four visual stimuli (r = 0.801, p &lt; 0.001). Nonsignificant, but the medium correlation was found between RAT performance and choice reaction time (r = 0.404) and decision-making time, which was calculated as a difference between choice and simple reaction time (r = 0.410). These results showed that reactive agility is determined by the cognitive component (reflected by the reaction time) in table tennis players. CONCLUSION: It seems that fast reactions associated with hand movements are more important than explosive strength and speed abilities in table tennis performance. Therefore, the trainers should focus primarily on the development of reaction-speed abilities in their training program. Secondary, they should focus on more specific movements (e.g., lateral change of direction or speed of first steps) rather than linear sprint speed or changing of direction under angles higher than 90°. Additionally, it seems that explosive strength training has only supportive character in relationship to the sports performance.

A Wireless Rowing Measurement System for Improving the Rowing Performance of Athletes.

The rowing technique is a key factor in the overall rowing performance. Nowadays the athletes' performance is so advanced that even small differences in technique can have an impact on sport competitions. To further improve the athletes' performance, individualized rowing is necessary. This can be achieved by intelligent measurement technology that provides direct feedback. To address this issue, we developed a novel wireless rowing measurement system (WiRMS) that acquires rowing movement and measures muscle activity using electromyography (EMG). Our measurement system is able to measure several parameters simultaneously: the rowing forces, the pressure distribution on the scull, the oar angles, the seat displacement and the boat acceleration. WiRMS was evaluated in a proof-of-concept study with seven experienced athletes performing a training on water. Evaluation results showed that WiRMS is able to assess the rower's performance by recording the rower's movement and force applied to the scull. We found significant correlations (p < 0.001) between stroke rate and drive-to-recovery ratio. By incorporating EMG data, a precise temporal assignment of the activated muscles and their contribution to the rowing motion was possible. Furthermore, we were able to show that the rower applies the force to the scull mainly with the index and middle fingers.