This study offers an in-depth analysis of the challenges and opportunities confronting the leather industry in Bangladesh, a sector poised for significant growth. Through extensive literature review and qualitative research, the paper identifies key areas such as policy framework strengthening, enhancing financial accessibility for SMEs, promoting technological innovation, and ensuring environmental compliance as instrumental for the industry’s sustainable development. Furthermore, the study underscores the need for human capital development, infrastructure enhancement, and strengthened industry associations to bolster the sector’s competitiveness on the global stage. Recognizing the industry’s potential contribution to Bangladesh’s economic development, this research proposes comprehensive policy recommendations to aid stakeholders in realizing this potential. Limitations of the study and avenues for future research are also discussed, inviting further academic and practical engagement in this vital sector.