Kazan National Research Technological University Research Articles

The System of Additional Professional Education of the University as a Platform for Implementation of the Federal Project «New Opportunities for Everyone»

The global task constantly represented in the documents adopted by the government is the breakthrough development of the Russian economy. The results of the “New Opportunities for Everyone” Federal project in the framework of the national “Education” project are aimed at developing human capital - a cross-cutting condition for achieving national development goals of the country (increasing life expectancy, accelerating technological development of the Russian Federation, ensuring accelerated implementation of digital technologies in the economy and social sphere, etc.). Additional professional education at Kazan National Research Technological University is considered as an integral and real part of the lifelong learning system. The University is actively involved in the implementation of the Federal project. For this purpose, about 20 additional professional development programs have been developed and implemented.

Nobel hopes competition as a means of developing the cognitive interest of students

The importance of carrying competitions among students of general education institutions and the effectiveness of these activities as a means of developing the cognitive interest of students are shown. The article describes the experience of carrying competitions among schoolchildren and students of colleges, accumulated in the Kazan National Research Technological University. It is shown that these activities allow to reveal the creative potential of participants, and form the interest in engineering and design activities, which subsequently affects the choice of school leavers who are in demand in the modern labour market of specialties and professions.

Пути организационно-методического совершенствования очно-заочной формы обучения

The article traces dynamics of the share of first-year students using intra-extramural form of study at the Nizhnekamsk Chemical Technological Institute of Kazan National Research Technological University. Advantages and disadvantages of bachelor training in an intra–extramural form of study are considered. The author dwells on the extension of students’ age brackets which is common for our country in recent years. Defining characteristics of teaching adults are revealed. Possible directions of organizational and methodological improvement of intra–extramural form of study in terms of professional training of bachelors in a higher educational institution are featured. Main aims solved by a lecturer are defined. Special attention is paid to developing the methodology of conducting micro-seminars during laboratory classes in physics which contributes to the active independent cognitive activity of students. Attention is drawn to the need for effective supervision during the midterm assessment.

Comparative characteristics of doctoral education at universities of Russia and Belarus

Doctoral education in Russia and post-Soviet countries aims at training researchers for different spheres of national economies, including science, education, and industry. The paper presents comparative characteristics of doctoral education in Russia and Belarus, using the examples of two universities, Kazan National Research Technological University and Polotsk State University. The paper compares the forms and contents of doctoral education, the problems faced, and prospects of cooperation between the universities. In conclusion, the authors summarize similarities and differences in doctoral education, and their influence on the overall results of training. The authors show prospects to improve doctoral education as a whole.

Сопровождение профессионального образования лиц с ограниченными возможностями здоровья в Казанском национальном исследовательском технологическом университете

Сопровождение профессионального образования лиц с ограниченными возможностями здоровья в Казанском национальном исследовательском технологическом университете

Разработка практикума по микрофлюидике для англоязычного модуля «Smart Materials»

The article is devoted to the analysis of development and testing of experimental practicums for foreign students based on modern techniques. It is of special importance for programs in chemical engineering and material’s science as respective practicums provide students with opportunities to learn more about cutting-edge interdisciplinary methods used for development and investigation of modern materials properties. The purpose of the article is to develop an interdisciplinary experimental practicum on microfluids for a Master’s degree program «Smart Materials» in English. Methods. The analysis was carried out on the basis of Kazan National Research Technological University (KNRTU). The development of the experimental practicum was carried out on the basis of the KNRTU international partners’ experience: the University of Regensburg (Germany) and Carnegie Mellon University (USA) through a comparative analysis of master's programs at KNRTU and international partners, as well as teaching materials of relevant educational programs. It is concluded that microfluidic systems such as «lab-on–a–chip» devices are a promising technology for the implementation of various chemical and chemical-technological processes for the end user or group of users as well as an actual experimental environment for students studying natural sciences. The practicum was tested on Bachelor’s and Master’s students. The practicum was analyzed for its potential to be implemented as a component of short-term academic programs such as summer schools. The practicum aroused greater interest among students compared to traditional laboratory work due to the possibility of self-design and manufacture of microfluidic devices and control of the process of obtaining nanoparticles using a computer.

Engineering Education: Transformation for Industry 4.0 (SYNERGY 2019 Conference Results Review)

The article summarizes the results of the plenary session of the international conference «Engineering education: transformation problems for industry 4.0 SYNERGY-2019», held at the Kazan National Research Technological University from 4 to 5 September 2019. Forum which brought together representatives of universities and industrial enterprises of Russia and abroad, was devoted to the training of engineers of the petrochemical industry. Among its delegates were representatives of international societies for engineering education, five national research universities and nine supporting universities of PC «Gazprom», state authorities and industrial enterprises of Tatarstan. It was possible to observe the work of the plenary session in real time on the Internet in all the supporting universities of Gazprom. The event was organized by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, the International Society for Engineering Pedagogy IGIP, the National Fund of Training of Staff (NFTS), the Association of Engineering Education of Russia (AEER) as well as the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Tatarstan and the Kazan National Research Technological University. The General sponsor was the Public Joint Company «Gazprom». The conference gathered 155 participants from 15 universities of Russia, Kazakhstan and Estonia. Representatives of 11 industrial enterprises spoke, 55 reports made presentations.

The impact of project studies while teaching undergraduates on the choice of a master’s program

The paper presents the results of the identified internal contradictions of MA and BA courses and the facts that influenced the choice of a masters program on the example of students studying at Kazan National Research Technological University, at Innovation in Chemical Technology Department. One of the features of teaching bachelors at Innovation in Chemical Technology Department was the introduction of project training in the educational programs of the department as part of the university development strategy. The introduction of the project training method affected the degree of teaching students of the department. Students project activities are aimed at revealing their mental and creative abilities, implementing personal leadership or performing skills, applying theoretical knowledge gained to solve problems related to the implementation of innovative projects, assessing their effectiveness and efficiency in practical innovative projects. This type of training allows to teach students to independently develop in the real sector of the economy, as well as to evaluate the knowledge gained during BA course training, as well as to assess the shortcomings and gaps in the field of individual disciplines for the entire period of study. Such a conscious self-esteem is necessary to make a decision on continuing education at a MA course.

Training Software Complex "Automated Control System of Enterprise"

This paper describes the integrated enterprise management system implemented on the basis of the training laboratory “Automation and Process Control Systems” in the Kazan National Research Technological University. It is designed to teach bachelors and masters the principles and standards of design and development of MES class systems.

Sociology of Students: A Theoretical Perspective and Research Practice

Higher school as a social institution aims at the formation of the most valuable resource of the XXI century that human capital is. Students are now an influential group of young people, and taking into consideration students’ “advanced” status, its social activity (including network) and socio-political and socio-economic potential, we can assume that it is the student youth, which de- termines the youth “agenda”. This makes constant research of students relevant and important, both at the theoretical and academic level of sociological science and at the level of applied knowledge focused on the constant monitoring of social well-being, lifestyle, values, opinions and activity of students in specific universities and in a whole country. Students are active participants of economic and social life; they have a significant political potential. The authors present the results of the monitoring of social well-being of first-year students at Kazan national research technological University. The method applied was a questionnaire study with the use of electronic resource. The article also dwells on the current state and trends of student studies, as well as the processes of their institutionalization. The authors emphasize the importance of sociological surveys of student life conducted with the help of student sociological labs.

Faculty Training for Online Teaching: Roles, Competences, Contents

An important trend in higher education is an increasing use of digital technologies and an expansion of online-learning formats, which poses new challenges for university faculty to master the pedagogical competences in teaching online.Universities are forced to expand their educational activities in the online environment, and to involve an increasing number of teachers in the design and delivery of online courses. However, faculty members often do not have the necessary skills and competencies, and their experience in the use of digital technology is insufficient. Meanwhile, the success of online teaching depends not only on advanced methods and technologies, but first of all on the quality of faculty involved. An important issue is how teachers are trained to perform these tasks. To ensure the effectiveness of online education, the Institute of Further Professional Education of the Kazan National Research Technological University is developing approaches to training faculty for the transition to virtual learning environment. They should take into account factors, incentives and barriers affecting faculty’s participation in online teaching, and analyze changes in the activities of teaching stuff in the online environment.The paper dwells on the foreign experience in training faculty for online teaching. We analyzed publications considering new roles and competencies of online teachers, barriers and motivations that encourage faculty to participate in online learning. The paper gives an overview of the content of foreign training courses aimed at the formation of a complex of subject, pedagogical and technological competences of faculty related to online teaching. The main goal of the analysis was to determine the core competencies of online teachers, so that to reflect them in the program of training faculty for teaching online.

Integrative Training of Future Engineers to Innovative Activities in Conditions of Postindustrial Economy

The article substantiates the necessity of new priorities and paradigms of innovative engineering activity, changing the role of an engineer and the nature of engineering education. It is demonstrated that the basis of modern technologies is interdisciplinary research that determines the need for integrative training of engineers for innovation. The main characteristics, distinctive features and structure of such activity are given. Based on the qualification levels of future engineers’ and the stages of their professional competencies formation, the requirements for innovative engineers are formulated and a comprehensive approach to the formation of engineering competencies is substantiated. The change of the most important trends in the field of engineering training made it possible to update the main provisions of the classical concept of engineering education. The vector of further development of Kazan National Research Technological University as a university center for technological development of the Republicof Tatarstanin the field of chemical technologies has been outlined.

Investigation of the Stability of Natural Water-Oil Emulsions Formed During the Extraction of High-Viscosity Petroleum of the Republic of Kazakhstan

The Institute of Combustion Problems, in conjunction with the Kazan National Research Technological University, is carrying out research in the process of dehydration, desalination, transportation and primary processing of oil. In the course of the research, the methods used to determine the wetting and washing capacity, as well as the dispersion analysis of oil dispersed systems, were developed in the Institute. In order to change the viscosity and fractional composition of high-viscosity oils for improvement of further works, there is used an electrohydraulic action technology. It is established that the object of investigation is high-viscosity and heavy oil, is capable to form a stable commercial emulsion system in the collection system. The average size of water globules in oil is 9.8 μm and aggregate resistance is 89.3%. Experimental modeling of the universal emulsion of oil dispersion system is suitable for further study of the demulsification processes of water-oil emulsion, allowed to establish the regime conditions for dispersion and preparation of a stable water-oil emulsion. The aggregative stability (As, %) was estimated by centrifuging the water-oil emulsion under given different conditions for carrying out experimental studies, followed by the determination of the amount of water released from the oil in the process of separation of the system into two coexisting phases.

Evaluation of analytical capabilities of total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for the analysis of drinks with sucrose matrix

Multielement analysis of food products, including drinks, is important for an assessment of the content of the useful and toxic elements for the human body. In this paper, the main problems and their solutions in the analysis of sugar-containing drinks by Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry ( TXRF ) method have been considered. The organic sucrose matrix causes certain difficulties both in the preparation of the samples and in the processing of measurement data for TXRF. The following most common sample preparation procedures for TXRF were considered: direct, based on the analysis of initial sample, dilution with water and acid digestion. In order to assess the fulfillment of the thin layer criterion, the physical characteristics of dried samples on the carriers were determined after applying each of the above-mentioned preparation procedures, and the corresponding surface density values were established. The obtained values were compared with the theoretical ones. Based on the calculation of mass absorption coefficients for C 12 H 22 O 11 matrix, it was found that the method of acid digestion was suitable for the quantitative determination of light (14 < Z < 20) elements. When analyzing the sample without the preliminary preparation or after diluting the sample with water, the influence of absorption effects was noted due to the mismatch of the surface density with the thin layer criterion. This mismatch of the samples in the direct analysis was confirmed by the measurements using a method based on an angle incidence scanning of the primary radiation on the sample, establishing a violation of the conditions for the effect of total external reflection. The detection limits were calculated for the considered sample preparation procedures, and it was concluded that the quantitative identification of Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, and Pb trace elements at the level of tens of μg/l was possible by the acid digestion procedure. The application of the addition method to assess the trueness of elemental determination led to the conclusion that it was possible to use the direct analysis of sugar-containing drinks for the elements with Z ≥ 24 in the concentration ranges of 0.5–10 mg/l. Key words : X-ray fluorescence, TXRF, soft drinks, matrix effects, absorption effects, sucrose, multielement analysis, addition method (Russian) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2019.23.4.009 A.S. Maltsev 1, 2 , A. von Bohlen 3 , R.A. Yusupov 2 , S.A. Bakhteev 2 1 Institute of the Earth’s Crust, SB RAS, Lermontov st., 128, Irkutsk, 664033, Russian Federation 2 Kazan National Research Technological University, Marksa st., 68, Kazan, 420012, Russian Federation 3 Leibniz-Institut fur Analytische Wissenschften ISAS, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Str. 11, Dortmund, 44139, Germany

Multielement analysis of tea by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with full external reflection

The main goal of this work was to assess the analytical capabilities of the full external reflection X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry method (TXRF) in the analysis of tea leaves and their infusions. As objects of the research, 19 samples of various sorts of Krasnodar tea were used. Two techniques of sample preparation were employed based on an open vessel acid digestion and a preparation of the suspension. The results of the certified standard tea sample analysis confirmed the possibility of the quantitative determination for the following elements: Mg, P, S, K, Ca, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, Sr, Ba, and Pb. The best measurement results were achieved using the acid digestion technique. The analysis of the suspension could be carried out during the determination of elements such as Ca, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, and Sr; for other elements, matrix effects were the interfering quantification factor. It was also found that the reliable determination of volatile elements, such as Cl and Br, was possible only when analyzing suspensions. The overall measurement uncertainty, including all stages of analysis, for most of the elements averaged to no more than 16%. The wavelength dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence method was used as a comparison method for the obtained measurement data of Krasnodar tea samples. The comparison was made using the Student's criterion and the convergence evaluation, based on which it was concluded that the data was in the good agreement for most of the elements. In addition, the analysis of tea infusions prepared according to the consumer procedure was carried out in order to study the solubility of the various elements and assess the quality and safety of tea. The results could be used in the laboratories for the quality control and for the assessment of the chemical composition of tea. Key words : X-ray fluorescence, TXRF, WDXRF, tea, infusion, multielement analysis DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2019.23.2.009 (Russian) A.S. Maltsev 1, 2 , D.S. Sharykina 1 , E.V. Chuparina 3 , G.V. Pashkova 1 , A.G. Revenko 1 1 Institute of the Earth’s Crust, SB RAS, Lermontov st., 128, Irkutsk, 664033, Russian Federation 2 Kazan National Research Technological University, Marksa st., 68, Kazan, 420012, Russian Federation 3 Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry, SB RAS, Favorsky st., 1A, Irkutsk , 664033, Russian Federation

Modeling and Optimization of Chemical Engineering Processes and Systems

Articles prepared based on the materials of the American-Russian Chemical Engineering Scientific School “Modeling and Optimization of Chemical Engineering Processes and Systems”, which was held at Kazan National Research Technological University on May 23−25, 2016, have been reviewed. The development and application of modern simulation and optimization methods for solving the problems of designing, managing, and studying chemical engineering processes and systems for using rationally energy and raw materials, ensure safety and protection of the environment, and provide sustainable development are discussed.

Methodical aspects of group work organization of the trainees in the professional development programs in long distance format

In Russia and abroad the teamwork gained popularity in the labor market as a form of collective interaction between multiprofessional groups of specialists in implementing business projects, carrying out research and development projects, designing technological solutions and creating innovative products. At the same time, in the educational practice, especially when using distant educational technologies, the command method of instruction is quite rare. The reason for this is that the teamwork in the implementation of educational programs requires fixating individual educational outcomes of each trainee, their contribution to the performance of the group task. It complicates the organization of the educational process. As the result, educational organizations do not often use this educational form because of the complexity of its application in the conduct of intermediate and final attestation. Research goal. search and validation of a problem solution that can be formulated as a contradiction between the need to perform group homework assignments in distant learning and the necessity to fix the individual educational results of each trainee for the purpose of intermediate and final attestation. The authors of the article offer basic methodological principles that allow finding the balance in-between the requirements of legislation and preserving the team approach in the process of group work of trainees. Materials and methods. The initial materials of the research are an overview of existing publications on the organization of teamwork of trainees is used, including the implementation of training in a long distance format, the legislation of the Russian Federation regarding interim and final certification of trainees, as well as practical experience in implementing training programs, based on ANO “E-learning for Nanoindustry (“eNano”)”. Based on these materials, the authors offer basic methodological principles, obtained empirically and subject to validation in the process of research. The validation of the proposed principles was carried out using the example of an advanced training program “Design and Development of Electronic Training Courses”, implemented by ANO “eNano” by an expert survey, and based on a statistically significant sample. Results. As the result of research, the authors obtained confirmation of the effectiveness of the proposed methodological principles, using the expert survey method by questioning 35 participants who had completed the above-mentioned advanced training program in a completely distant format. This total set was formed from three flows, within which the trainees were divided into groups of 3–4 people and themselves moderated the roles within the subgroups when performing group (team) assignments. Particular value in this sample is that all trainees have higher educational level and all they are employees and lecturers of five Russian universities (Samara State University, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, P.G.Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Kazan National Research Technological University, National University of Science and Technology, Moscow), among them – 6 professors, doctors of sciences, 18 associate professors, candidates of sciences, 2 deans, 2 heads of departments, 4 directors of distance learning centers. Conclusion. The authors hope to continue this research, extending it to professional retraining programs and masters’ programs in the full long distance format.

« […] Local police officers are accused of violence […] but case officers have an opportunity to commit acts of violence with impunity » - Interview with Ekaterina Khozhdaeva, Associate Professor in Sociology, Kazan

PIPSS.ORG - Could you introduce yourself? Ekaterina Khozhdaeva: I work in Kazan State Technological University, which is now known as Kazan National Research Technological University, Department of Sociology, Political Science and Management. As soon as I realised, that I was a social scientist (it happened in my fourth year at the University), I decided to specialise in empirical studies. My first topic was mass media in Tatarstan. It was the topic of my thesis. Simultaneously, we started re...