Kaiser-Wilhelm Institut Research Articles

Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für medizinische Forschung

Angewandte ChemieVolume 52, Issue 11 p. 223-223 Versammlungsberichte Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für medizinische Forschung Ch. Grundmann, Ch. GrundmannSearch for more papers by this author Ch. Grundmann, Ch. GrundmannSearch for more papers by this author First published: 18. März 1939 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19390521106AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionAdd to favorites ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume52, Issue1118. März 1939Pages 223-223 This is the German version of Angewandte Chemie. Note for articles published since 1962: Do not cite this version alone. Take me to the International Edition version with citable page numbers, DOI, and citation export. We apologize for the inconvenience. RelatedInformation

Prof. Otto Hahn

ON March 8, Prof. Otto Hahn, director of the Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut for Chemistry, at Dahlem near Berlin, will reach his sixtieth birthday. To mark this event, a special number of the Zeitschrift fur physikalische Chemie will appear, in which all the articles will be contributed by members of his laboratory. A celebration of a more intimate nature is also contemplated in the Institute itself. Prof. Hahn's friends in other countries, among whom are many readers of NATURE, will wish to join with his colleagues in offering their warmest congratulations. To workers and students in the field of radioactivity the names of Otto Hahn and Lise Meitner are almost indissolubly linked together. Readers of NATURE will remember that Frl. Lise Meitner celebrated her sixtieth birthday last November, and it is most fitting that where one has led the other should not be far behind. Prof. Hahn's first work in radioactivity was an investigation of the activity of thorianite, carried out under Ramsay at University College, London. This work led to the discovery of a new radioactive substance, radiothorium. Attracted by the rapidly growing fame of Rutherford, he then went to Montreal for a year (1905–6). There he discovered a new body, radioactinium, in the actinium series and showed that there were marked similarities between the products of thorium and actinium. On his return to Berlin, there followed the discovery of mesothorium and some striking experiments on the use of the recoil phenomenon as a method of separating radioactive products. It was at this time that his association with Frl. Meitner began. Together they examined the radiations from many radio-elements and later, with von Baeyer, they discovered the presence of homogeneous groups in the (3-radiation of some products, the first indication of the now well-known (3-ray spectra.

Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für medizinische Forschung

Angewandte ChemieVolume 52, Issue 6 p. 140-141 Versammlungsberichte Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für medizinische Forschung W. Bothe, W. BotheSearch for more papers by this author W. Bothe, W. BotheSearch for more papers by this author First published: 11. Februar 1939 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19390520604AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionAdd to favorites ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume52, Issue611. Februar 1939Pages 140-141 This is the German version of Angewandte Chemie. Note for articles published since 1962: Do not cite this version alone. Take me to the International Edition version with citable page numbers, DOI, and citation export. We apologize for the inconvenience. RelatedInformation

Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für medizinische Forschung, Heidelberg

Angewandte ChemieVolume 51, Issue 46 p. 815-816 Versammlungsberichte Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für medizinische Forschung, Heidelberg First published: 19. November 1938 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19380514604AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionAdd to favorites ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume51, Issue4619. November 1938Pages 815-816 This is the German version of Angewandte Chemie. Note for articles published since 1962: Do not cite this version alone. Take me to the International Edition version with citable page numbers, DOI, and citation export. We apologize for the inconvenience. RelatedInformation

Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für medizinische Forschung

Angewandte ChemieVolume 51, Issue 32 p. 545-546 Versammlungsberichte Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für medizinische Forschung First published: 13. August 1938 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19380513207Citations: 5AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionAdd to favorites ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume51, Issue3213. August 1938Pages 545-546 This is the German version of Angewandte Chemie. Note for articles published since 1962: Do not cite this version alone. Take me to the International Edition version with citable page numbers, DOI, and citation export. We apologize for the inconvenience. RelatedInformation

Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für medizinische Forschung, Heidelberg

Angewandte ChemieVolume 51, Issue 5 p. 82-83 Versammlungsberichte Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für medizinische Forschung, Heidelberg R. Kuhn, R. Kuhn WürzburgSearch for more papers by this authorF. G. Fischer, F. G. Fischer WürzburgSearch for more papers by this author R. Kuhn, R. Kuhn WürzburgSearch for more papers by this authorF. G. Fischer, F. G. Fischer WürzburgSearch for more papers by this author First published: 5. Februar 1938 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19380510507AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionAdd to favorites ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume51, Issue55. Februar 1938Pages 82-83 This is the German version of Angewandte Chemie. Note for articles published since 1962: Do not cite this version alone. Take me to the International Edition version with citable page numbers, DOI, and citation export. We apologize for the inconvenience. RelatedInformation

Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für medizinische Forschung Heidelberg

Angewandte ChemieVolume 50, Issue 30 p. 600-601 Versammlungsberichte Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für medizinische Forschung Heidelberg R. Kuhn, R. KuhnSearch for more papers by this author R. Kuhn, R. KuhnSearch for more papers by this author First published: 24. Juli 1937 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19370503006AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionAdd to favorites ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume50, Issue3024. Juli 1937Pages 600-601 This is the German version of Angewandte Chemie. Note for articles published since 1962: Do not cite this version alone. Take me to the International Edition version with citable page numbers, DOI, and citation export. We apologize for the inconvenience. RelatedInformation

Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für physikalische Chemie und Elekrochemie

Angewandte ChemieVolume 50, Issue 15 p. 285-285 Versammlungsberichte Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für physikalische Chemie und Elekrochemie Prof. Dr. P. A. Thießen, Prof. Dr. P. A. ThießenSearch for more papers by this author Prof. Dr. P. A. Thießen, Prof. Dr. P. A. ThießenSearch for more papers by this author First published: 10. April 1937 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19370501506AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionAdd to favorites ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume50, Issue1510. April 1937Pages 285-285 This is the German version of Angewandte Chemie. Note for articles published since 1962: Do not cite this version alone. Take me to the International Edition version with citable page numbers, DOI, and citation export. We apologize for the inconvenience. RelatedInformation

Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für medizinische Forschung

Angewandte ChemieVolume 50, Issue 11 p. 221-222 Versammlungsberichte Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für medizinische Forschung First published: 13. März 1937 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19370501106AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionAdd to favorites ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume50, Issue1113. März 1937Pages 221-222 This is the German version of Angewandte Chemie. Note for articles published since 1962: Do not cite this version alone. Take me to the International Edition version with citable page numbers, DOI, and citation export. We apologize for the inconvenience. RelatedInformation

Prof. R. O. Herzog

PROF. R. O. HERZOG, who died at Zurich on February 4, made himself a name by discovering the microcrystalline structure of cellulose. He and Scherrer found it simultaneously and independently, when irradiating different kinds of cellulose fibres with X-rays. This observation gave an enormous impetus to the investigation of fibres and organic substances of high molecular weight: twenty years ago, for example, no one would have dared to write down the structural formula of cellulose or to consider the rigidity of a macromolecule containing oxygen bridges, subjects of lively discussions at many scientific meetings nowadays. Herzog himself, then the head of the newly founded Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut fur Faserstoffchemie at Berlin-Dahlem, was most active in promoting this development, and his vivid imagination played from the beginning with ideas which have materialised in recent years. Michael Polanyi, Karl Weissenberg, Hermann Mark, Max Bergmann and Erich Schmid did research in his laboratory at Dahlem, and it was remarkable how successfully Herzog was able to collaborate with younger men.

Royal Society Elections

AT the meeting of the Royal Society held on May 3, the candidates whose names were given in NATURE of March 10, p. 352, as having been selected by the Council for fellowship of the Society, were duly elected. In addition, two foreign members were elected, namely, Prof. H. L. Lebesgue, of Paris, the discoverer of ‘Lebesgue integration’, and Prof. O. Warburg, of the Kaiser-Wilhelm Institut fur Zell-physiologie, Berlin-Dahlem, who is known for his work on cellular metabolism and respiration.

Colloquium im Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie

Angewandte ChemieVolume 45, Issue 48 p. 745-745 Versammlungsberichte Colloquium im Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie First published: 26. November 1932 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19320454805AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionAdd to favorites ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume45, Issue4826. November 1932Pages 745-745 This is the German version of Angewandte Chemie. Note for articles published since 1962: Do not cite this version alone. Take me to the International Edition version with citable page numbers, DOI, and citation export. We apologize for the inconvenience. RelatedInformation

Plastic Deformation of Metals

DR. F. KÖRBER, director of the Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für Eisenforschung, Düsseldorf, delivered the twenty-second annual May lecture of the Institute of Metals in London on May 11, on “The Plastic Deformation of Metals”. Basing his remarks on the results of a series of investigations conducted at Düsseldorf during recent years, Dr. Körber dealt with the stress relationships and also with the course of the flow of the material during the most important of the mechanical shaping processes. Discussions were entered into on the conditions requisite for the commencement of plastic flow and also on the possibility of drawing conclusions from the resulting flow phenomena as to the distribution of stress in the material at the inception of deformation. The disturbances in the material in consequence of the more marked deformations in drawing, extrusion, and rolling were traced by a suitable method of investigation. The results were compared with the deformation structures obtained by X-ray methods. The knowledge of the deformation processes so obtained enabled conclusions to be drawn as to the energy or power used in the shaping operations. An exact analysis of the course of deformation in the transition zone led to estimates of the internal losses during the alterations in form. Quantitative treatment of the stress relationships which occurred in the zone of deformation is possible in so far as the pressure created at the surface of contact between the tool and the material is known by actual measurements. From the results of determinations along the roll-gap of the pressure between the rolls and the stock being rolled, a complete quantitative presentation of the distribution of stress in the transition zone between the rolls has been formulated.

Colloquium im Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie

Angewandte ChemieVolume 45, Issue 17 p. 310-311 Versammlungsberichte Colloquium im Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie Prof. Dr. M. Polanyi, Prof. Dr. M. PolanyiSearch for more papers by this author Prof. Dr. M. Polanyi, Prof. Dr. M. PolanyiSearch for more papers by this author First published: 23. April 1932 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19320451707AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionAdd to favorites ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume45, Issue1723. April 1932Pages 310-311 This is the German version of Angewandte Chemie. Note for articles published since 1962: Do not cite this version alone. Take me to the International Edition version with citable page numbers, DOI, and citation export. We apologize for the inconvenience. RelatedInformation

An experimental investigation of the flow behind circular cylinders in channels of different breadths

The general characteristic of two-dimensional floe behind a cylinder of any cross section are well known, and for the purpose of mathematical investigation it has been assumed that at an appreciable distance from the obstacle, the vortices in the wake assume a regular formation known as the “unsymmetrical double row” or “Karmanstrasse” -in which each vortex is opposites the mid point of the interval between consecutive vortices on the other row. The form of the wake seen experimentally justifies, in some measures, the adoption of this assumption. The theoretical investigation of the stability of such double row in a channel* brought out some unexpected results and of it was thought that an experiments investigation would throw some light on the subject. Quite a number of experiments have, from time to time, investigated the two-dimensional flow behind a cylinder, but there has been no systematic attempt to find the effect of the channel walls on the dimensions of the karman street. Further, the existence of some possible simple functional relation between the various dimensions has almost always been masked by the choice of an obstacle of complicated cross section, the most usual obstacle being one of aerofoil section. It was therefore thought advisable to use some cylinder of circular section so as to avoid, to some degree, the complications introduced by the shape of the obstacle. No theoretical explanation of the result is attempted, but the figures derived from the investigations are submitted as information on various features of the flow. The actual experiments were conducted by Herr m. Schwabe at the Kaiser Wilhelm-Institute für Strömungsforschung, at Göttingen, and it was his patient investigation that was made it possible to obtain a complete description of the vortex motion. Figs. 1-6 of this paper, and part of the tables, were completed by him at Göttingen. I feel extremely grateful to him for leaving undertaken the investigations and for having carried them out in such an efficient manner. My thanks are also due to Prof. L. Prandtl, Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut, for having allowed the experiments to be conducted in his laboratory and for having put at my disposal the apparatus and facilities which made the experiments possible. In the last instance, however, my thanks are due to the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research whose Senior Research Award enabled me to finance the investigation.

BERLIN

<h3>Hereditary Research on Tuberculous Twins</h3> At the June 18 session of the Berliner Medizinische Gesellschaft, Privatdozent von Verschuer, member of the Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für Anthropologie und Eugenik in Dahlem, reported the results of a research on tuberculous twins, which he carried out in collaboration with Diehl. For the elucidation of the question of the significance of hereditary influences in the onset and course of tuberculosis, research on twins affords a unique opportunity of observing persons with identically the same hereditary predisposition; namely, in enzygotic twins, and to compare their behavior with biovular twins with like hereditary qualities. Von Verschuer collected seventy-five pairs of tuberculous twins, nineteen of whom were uniovular, thirtyeight biovular of the same sex, and eighteen biovular of different sex. At the time of the examination, tuberculosis was manifest in forty-two pairs of twins—in either one or both of the twins; in nineteen pairs of twins there were

Colloquium im Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie

Angewandte ChemieVolume 43, Issue 14 p. 296-296 Versammlungsberichte Colloquium im Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie First published: 5. April 1930 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19300431409AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionAdd to favorites ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume43, Issue145. April 1930Pages 296-296 This is the German version of Angewandte Chemie. Note for articles published since 1962: Do not cite this version alone. Take me to the International Edition version with citable page numbers, DOI, and citation export. We apologize for the inconvenience. RelatedInformation

Industrial Efficiency and Fatigue

The problems of industrial efficiency and fatigue offer increasing scope for the use of that special knowledge of human life with which medical men are equipped by their training. Success and prosperity of industry depend as much on health and efficiency of workers as on the efficiency of machines. Impetus given by European War to study of this human factor; national necessity led to establishment of Health of Munition Workers Committee which later developed into the Industrial Fatigue Research-now the Industrial Health Research-Board of the Medical Research Council. In Germany extensive investigations are now pursued at the Kaiser-Wilhelm Institut für Arbeitsphysiologie, at Dortmund, into such problems as relationship of age to capacity for heavy muscular work, influence of diet and nutrition on human efficiency, and optimum height of stairs up which loads have to be carried; new system of training apprentices developed in Germany since the war.Factors influencing efficiency and capacity for work of employees may be placed in two general groups, intra-factory conditions, and extra-factory conditions. Many of these factors have been investigated in this country and in America. In particular, the effect of the environmental conditions of temperature, humidity and air-movement on human efficiency has been studied: but much remains to be done.

A mechanism of gelatinisation

In seeking to account for the transition of certain liquids to rigid jellies three main lines of explanation have been put forward, namely, (1) a micellar theory according to which the process consists in the separation of a dissolved or dispersed substance in the form of interlacing fibrils which are generally supposed to be associated with some of the solvent, any free solvent remaining enmeshed in the network so produced; (2) a theory which assumes a modification of the properties of the solvent in the neighbourhood of the disperse phase so as to produce rigidity of the whole system, without requiring any particular spacial arrangement of the solid units; and (3) an emulsion theory, which regards jellies as emulsions of two partially miscible liquid phases possessing an interfacial tension. Of these three theories , the last-named fails to provide a theoretically satisfactory explanation of the mechanical properties of jellies; it would only account for rigidity when the disperse phase occupied the major part of the total volume, and is not supported by any direct experimental evidence. The micellar theory, on the other hand, is supported in certain cases—for example, in that of sodium stearate in water, where a solid phase separates in the form of tenuous crystals—by direct ultra-microscopic observations, and a similar fibrillar structure is often assumed when no such arrangement is actually visible. It has also been shown that some of the elastic properties of jellies of gelatin and of cellulose acetate are best accounted for by this theory. Within the last few years an important class of reversible jellies, chiefly metallic oxides, has been investigated, and their properties have been extensively studied and described in a series of papers published from the Kaiser-Wilhelm Institut at Dahlem. In one of the earliest of these papers, describing some ultramicroscopic observations of gelatinising ferric oxide sols, it was concluded that the formation of the jelly was not caused by any actual contact between the particles of ferric oxide, which remained more or less uniformly distributed in the liquid, the only apparent difference between the jelly and the sol which gave rise to it being the absence of brownian movement in the former. This observation, if correct, is evidently consistent with the second theory and definitely negatives the first. Further, measurements of the viscosity, at different rates of shear, of a number of sols, some of which are capable of gelatinising, and of suspensions of starch grains in an indifferent organic liquid can be explained by assuming the existence of a layer of liquid adherent to the surface of the particles, its thickness being diminished as the rate of shear increases. Finally, Porter and hedges have pointed out that their observations on the distribution of suspended particles of gamboge under gravity can be expressed in terms of Porter's general formula of osmotic pressure if the effective volume of the particles is taken to be considerably greater than that actually measured. Apart from the possibility that a number of different explanations may be needed to account for the production of various kinds of jellies, it may be noted that, up to the present, direct observation has pointed to a fibrillar structure in some soap jellies and to an absence of structure in certain jellies formed from oxide sols. The object of the present paper is to show that sols which owe their stability to an electric charge may be expected to give rise to jellies when that charge is reduced, and to present some experimental evidence for this view.

Colloquium im Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für physikalische und Elektrochemie

Angewandte ChemieVolume 41, Issue 14 p. 360-360 Versammlungsberichte Colloquium im Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut für physikalische und Elektrochemie First published: 7. April 1928 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19280411406AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionAdd to favorites ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume41, Issue147. April 1928Pages 360-360 This is the German version of Angewandte Chemie. Note for articles published since 1962: Do not cite this version alone. Take me to the International Edition version with citable page numbers, DOI, and citation export. We apologize for the inconvenience. RelatedInformation