K-pop Research Articles

INTERAKSI PARASOSIAL PENGGEMAR K-POP DI MEDIA SOSIAL (Studi Kualitatif pada Fandom Army di Twitter)

<p>In Indonesia, the Korean wave (Hallyu) has become the most popular phenomenon in the past few years. One of the products from Hallyu is Korean pop music or also known as K-pop. The development of K-pop in Indonesia grows rapidly through the internet and social media that easy to access. The convenience offered by social media makes fans feel close to their idols. This study tries to analyze the phenomenon of fan behavior on social media towards their idols, where their media behavior leads to parasocial interactions. Parasocial interactions can be defined as the extent to which fans interact psychologically with media characters. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to see how the process of parasocial interaction and media activities carried out by Army on Twitter social media through their psychological response occurs in this study. The result of this study then analyzed using PSI-Process Scale categorization. This study used a qualitative methodology and collect data through interviews and observations. The results showed that all informants actively interacted with BTS through social media Twitter, where the parasocial interaction involved the informants' psychological responses. All of the informants give cognitive responses, affective responses, and behavioral responses when carrying out their parasocial interactions.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><strong><em>Fandom</em></strong><strong><em>, parasocial interaction, K-Pop, social media.</em></strong></p>

The Rise of Time Fengjun Entertainment

The profit generated by Time Fengjun Entertainment through the fandom culture is immeasurable. A retrospective view at the development of Chinese idol industry has shed light on the extensive achievement and revolution made in the past few year. Based on the system of Japanese pop culture (J-Pop) and Korean pop culture (K-pop), Chinese idol industry gradually forms a special scale, and also conceives its own way of identifying and nurturing idols. Time Fengjun Entertainment is the only company which focuses on the development and training of teenagers who have the potential of becoming idols. In this article, the factors underlying the rise of Time Fengjun Entertainment and the possible strategies it took are analyzed.

The Representation of Non-Heterosexuality in YouTube: Study on K-Pop Girl Group Music Video

Since the late 2000s, the Korean pop music industry (K-pop) has made significant progress outperforming the music industry of other countries. The abundance of South Korean media content showing the concept of “Girl Band” is engaging because of changes in gender representation in the Korean pop music industry. This study focuses on the representation of non-heterosexuality in the music videos of the K-Pop girl groups Mamamoo, Loona, and Red Velvet. The Music Video (MV) of the three girl bands shows other sexual orientations, as is often shown in the South Korean media. By observing the three music videos, the author found that South Korea has begun to represent several sexualities and genders that exist through the KPop industry. This study aims to analyze how the South Korean entertainment industry began to represent non-heterosexuality in the music video clips of K-Pop girl groups. The method used in the study uses a qualitative approach with semiotic analysis by John Fiske. The results of this study indicate the existence of a non-heterosexual ideology implied by the three girl groups through the content in the music video uploaded on the Youtube media platform

Korean Pop Dance: What Belongs to Who?

Can K-Pop dance really be labeled as its own genre of movement? Here, we examine issues of movement transmission and representation amidst the rising popularity of Korean Pop entertainment across the world

FANDOM EFFECT ON FANS PURCHASE DECISION TOWARDS BTS ALBUM: A CONCEPTUAL STUDY

Currently, South Korea is very popular for its pop music, which is Korean Pop or “K-Pop”. There are a lot of K-Pop groups and one of them is BTS. BTS’ albums are known to be one of the best-selling in K-Pop, with a total of more than 20 million albums sold in 2020. BTS also has a large number of fans, with Indonesia being one of the top 10 countries that have the highest number of BTS fans. Indonesia also has a BTS fan community that connects BTS fans in the country. However, Indonesia does not seem to contribute a high share in the selling of BTS’ albums, be it physical or digital. Therefore, this conceptual study intends to develop a research framework on the factor affecting purchase decisions on BTS albums. The literature that is used in this conceptual study is limited to literature that is published in 2010 or above. This study contributes to the future researcher to make further research regarding the effect of fan community towards its members’ purchase decision of BTS’ album.

Korean Pop Music a Threat to Contemporary Filipino Identity? Globalization, Nation, and Interrogation in Philippine Culture and Identity

For almost a decade, Korean Pop (K-pop) music has become a global phenomenon. Transgressing regional boundaries, K-pop music found extraordinary success in Southeast Asia, including the Philippines. Globalization of culture, however, had not only produced skeptics but also challenged the tenets of cultural identity vis-à-vis a crisis on nationalism. This paper seeks to theorize the adverse and favorable effects of K-pop music with regard to its significance to contemporary Filipino national identity through assessment of history, culture, and meaning. This paper tackles and examines its nuance to contradictions of culture and identity and how the transnationalism of pop culture, like K-pop music, contributes to the development of culture and society in the Philippines in recent history.

A Study on the New Paradigm Prospects for the Korean Pop Music Industry: Focusing on the Live Concerts Since the Post-COVID Era

A Study on the New Paradigm Prospects for the Korean Pop Music Industry: Focusing on the Live Concerts Since the Post-COVID Era

A Study on the Growth Pattern and Regional Competitiveness of the Korean Music Industry

Purpose - Korean pop music and movies have attracted a vast audience across the world, resulting in a rapid increase in the export of cultural products in the 21st century. This phenomenon is often called as the Korean Wave. The Korean music industry has played a pivotal role in the export of cultural goods and services, as well as the general Korean Wave phenomenon. This research was performed to examine the growth pattern and competitiveness of the Korean music industry by region. Design/Methodology/Approach - This study collected data on the seven sub-industries of the music industry of Seoul, seven Cities and nine Provinces for the period from 2013 to 2018. The data are regrouped for four regions: Seoul Metropolitan Region (Seoul, Incheon, and Kyunggi-do), Central Region (Daejeon, Sejong, Kangwon-do, Chungcheongnam-do, and Chungcheongbuk-do), Honam Region (Kwangju, Cheonranam-do, Cheonrabuk-do, and Jeju-do), and Yeongnam Region (Busan, Daegu, Wulsan, Kyungsangnam-do, and Kyungsangbuk-do). The paper then examined the data by applying shift-share analysis and regional growth differential analysis. Findings - The Korean music industry has experienced rapid growth, while the metropolitan region leads the Korean music industry in sales. However, the metropolitan region lacks competitiveness in some sub-industries. Such sub-industries in other regions will be able to compete with leading regions and increase their competitiveness over capital regions. Research Implications - The Korean music industry plays a central role in the export of culture related services, products and goods. Moreover, the Korean music industry can improve images of Korean goods and services of international consumers. For a sustained growth of the Korean music industry, it is pivotal to find effective methods to correct the regional imbalances within the Korean music industry.

Determinants of Consumption Behaviors of Korean Pop Culture in Taiwan

This paper presents a qualitative analysis of associations between intrinsic (e.g., functional), extrinsic (e.g., social) and cultural consumption values, and consumption behavior of Korean pop cultural contents (KPCC) in Taiwan. Moderation effects of Korean language abilities on associations are also investigated. Results show that intrinsic consumption value has the strongest association with KPCC consumption behaviors. Functional, epistemic, and conditional values have strong associations, whereas emotional and social exhibit weak associations. Cultural value is not a strong predictor of consuming KPCCs due to Korean and Taiwan cultural characteristics not being substantially different. Language abilities weakly moderate relationships between KPCC consumption values and consumption behaviors. Implications and suggestions are addressed. The research contributes findings and implications to the domain of KPCC marketing and retailing in Taiwan.

Beyond Slacktivism: The Cases of K-pop Fans and Tiktok Teens

With recent technology and social media, new forms of political activism have become widespread. Young people in particular, have been willing to embrace these new forms of activism. This paper examines new trends in digital activism through qualitative observations of Twitter and Tiktok, and three case studies of young people’s digital activism. In the first case study, Korean pop music (K-pop) fans thwarted police’s attempts to identify protesters by crashing police apps. In the second, they rendered white supremacist hashtags useless, by drowning out the hashtags with their own tweets. Finally, K-pop fans, along with Tiktok users, played a prank which humiliated the Trump reelection campaign. The study expands upon the life cycle effect and generational effects theories of political behavior, and develops a continuum with which to conceptualize and understand the nature of activism. It concludes that digital activism is characteristic of Gen Z, and has real-world impacts. This article pushes back on the notion that digital activism is mere “slacktivism” (low effort token support of a social movement). Instead, it argues that activism evolves along with technology and time, and that digital activism’s real-world impacts can be just as effective as conventional political activism.

A CYBERCULTURE STUDY: K-POP AND THE NEW MEDIA - BTS AND TWITTER

This paper intends to describe, analyze, and reflect on the presence of K-Pop in the cybernetic environment, as a cultural and artistic manifestation of the XXI century, as well as to study and evaluate the participation of the band BTS (and its fan community) in the social network Twitter, looking for an understanding of its identity and contribution to the cyberculture universe. The importance of “Korean Pop” for the global music industry is, in present times, an undeniable fact, because of the success of several artists and groups of Korean heritage and/or managed by labels from South Korea that have been occupying the top places in charts previously dominated by Anglo-Saxon performers. The band Bangtan Sonyeondan, known worldwide as BTS, formed by Big Hit Entertainment in 2010, is pointed by the critics and specialists as one of the most successful and mediatic groups of the last years. The comparisons between the Beatlemania from the 60s and the behaviour of its fan base (self-proclaimed Army) are quite common. In this context, we intend to study this cultural phenomenon as a new form of culture and interaction between artists and admirers, using social media and new socialization techniques created and adapted to cyberspace.
 
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Dancing K-Pop with Chinese and “English in Class Please”: Policy Negotiations as Relational-Languaging Episodes

Pointing out that language policy negotiations in classroom discourse are an understudied kind of “language-related episode”, and proposing that Tim Ingold’s notion of “meshwork” dissolves a boundary that typically encloses their analysis, this paper examines how a rich and indicative example of student group interaction on a British university campus in China becomes interwoven with multiple threads, including: different languages, Korean pop dance moves, coffee from the campus Starbucks, and the teacher’s repeated attempts at English-Medium Instruction policy enforcement. Our example was discovered in corpus recordings of group activities during classes in English for Academic Purposes, then transcribed for embodied activity (primarily speech and gesture) and further explored in relation to the multiple threads which visibly and audibly became involved. Analysis of the episode shows how students’ relational-languaging behaviours must negotiate, respond, and adapt to the policy enforcement, illustrating some of the tensions immanent to the transnational higher education experience.

Increasing Visibility of the Turkish Fans of South Korean Popular Culture through Translation

Having made a remarkable contribution to social questions in translation studies, the sociological approach to translation explores the interaction between human agents, translated texts, and their context of production and reception (Chesterman, 2006; Wolf & Fukari, 2007; Wolf, 2011). The research in this study is focused on target text users/pro-consumers. In line with this aim, this study is centered on Turkish fans of South Korean popular culture, most of whom have consumed, produced, and distributed diverse Korean popular culture products largely through translation. The present research particularly intends to problematize Korean fandom in Turkey considering John Fiske’s approach to fandom, which is based on Bourdieu’s consideration of culture, operating like an economic system to distribute its resources unequally and therefore distinguishing between individuals who possess greater degree of capital and the others deprived of it. This research, based on the Internet-mediated interviews (with 43 Turkish fans of South Korean pop culture), argues that Bourdieu’s consideration of fans as a group that is devoid of social and cultural power and is considered undistinguished in their cultural preferences and interpretative practices partly fails to enlighten the case of the Korean Wave fans in Turkey. This study has revealed that, cultural capital is not fixed but open to struggles, disclosing the fact that accumulation of popular cultural capital can bring prestige to certain fans that are more involved in and possess high knowledge within the fan community. Then, it has been posited that social networks play a far more major role in the formation and persistence of the fan community than does the accumulation of cultural capital. It has also been observed that popular cultural capital of Korean Wave fans can readily be converted into high social capital since Turkish fans who display their accumulated popular cultural capital are able to broaden their reach to other fans. Lastly, this research discloses that, Turkish fans’ increasing visibility and their influence over mass culture appear to form a particular kind of fan habitus which allows for variability in tastes and actions of the fans.

When A Diatom is Adopted by K‐pop Fans—the Story of an Accidental Outreach Hit

When A Diatom is Adopted by K‐pop Fans—the Story of an Accidental Outreach Hit

Impact of diversifying media content on country's economic potential: case study of South Korea

The popularity of Korean pop culture in the world can be considered an exceptional phenomenon of 2020. One should note that processes reflecting the effective interaction of state structures with the spheres of the creative industry in the modern economy have a special scientific potential at the moment. These creative industry spheres include art, cinema, animation, music, game development and software products. The most successful case in this area is the developed system of cultural media export in South Korea. Research into the economic opportunities of creative industries as a new stage in modern society is becoming a practically significant way to solve the problems of increasing the country's economic power in the Digital Age. The experience of South Korea is still insufficiently covered in Russian research. The practical significance of research in this field is associated with the study of the use of cultural products as a tool for economic growth.

Determinants of Consumption Behaviors of Korean Pop Culture in Taiwan

This paper presents a qualitative analysis of associations between intrinsic (e.g., functional), extrinsic (e.g., social) and cultural consumption values, and consumption behavior of Korean pop cultural contents (KPCC) in Taiwan. Moderation effects of Korean language abilities on associations are also investigated. Results show that intrinsic consumption value has the strongest association with KPCC consumption behaviors. Functional, epistemic, and conditional values have strong associations, whereas emotional and social exhibit weak associations. Cultural value is not a strong predictor of consuming KPCCs due to Korean and Taiwan cultural characteristics not being substantially different. Language abilities weakly moderate relationships between KPCC consumption values and consumption behaviors. Implications and suggestions are addressed. The research contributes findings and implications to the domain of KPCC marketing and retailing in Taiwan.

온라인 대중음악 페스티벌 공연 현황과 개선방안 연구 - 공연 기획자를 중심으로 -

This study aimed to deal with the current performance status and improvement plans, focusing on the event organizers of <#Save Our Stages> in Korea, an online pop music festival held in March 2021. Based on this, it also aimed to arouse social interest in online pop music festivals that were not preceded in the past and to present the potential for the development of online pop music festivals in the future. The scope of this study for the achievement of its purposes was <#Save Our Stages> in Korea, the pad campaign-type online pop music festival held for the first time in Korea with the purpose of revitalizing its indie live venues that have been stagnant due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, It selected five event organizers of <#Save Our Stages> in Korea and then conducted in-depth interviews with them as a method for a qualitative study through an in-depth interview. The results of the in-depth interview were as follows. First, the sustainability of the online pop music festival turned out to be rather negaive, but considering that the future performance culture will be changed to be held both online and offline, it seems necessary to conduct a study on pop music festivals from various perspectives. Second, the problems of online pop music festivals included lack of budget and technical problems, so it seems that the technical problem should be solved by strengthening the online performance platform while securing the budget through an increase in both the quality of the festival and its ticket price. Third, it seems that there is a need to implement regulations without any discrimination between genres and to prepare practical support policies through close communication between the relevant industry officials and government ministries. It has a limitation that it has suggested improvement plans of and the potential for the development of online pop music festivals with a single case of <#Save Our Stages> in Korea, but it has suggested that it would be a study on the problems that the Korean pop industry should solve in the future.

K-Pop Artist and Discourse on Musical Genie : Focused on the Case of ‘B.I’

2019년, K-Pop 아티스트 비아이(B.I)는 스스로 ‘천재’가 되고 싶다고 하면서환각제인 LSD(Lysergic acid diethylamide) 구매를 시도하였고, 그가 작성한 SNS 메시지가 기사를 통해 공개되면서 사회적으로 이슈가 된 바 있다. 이후, 수사과정을 통해 LSD 구매는 실제로 이루어지지 않았다고 밝혔다. 이에 대한 수사과정과는 별개로 연구자는 그가 LSD 구입을 시도하면서 ‘천재’를 언급하게 된것이 현재 대중음악 분야에서 일반적으로 ‘천재’를 수식할 때와는 다른 독특한사례로 인식하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 Skate식의 본질적 사례연구 방법을중심으로 18세기 후반 독일에서 탄생한 음악적 ‘천재 미학’의 이론적 검토를 진행하고자 하였다. 연구 방법으로 첫째, ‘천재’가 무엇인지 탐구하기 위해 ‘천재 미학’ 과 ‘음악적 천재’에 관한 문헌 연구를 진행한다. 둘째, 가수 비아이의 사례에 관계된 다각적 자료를 수집 및 분석한다. 셋째, 비아이의 사례에서 확인할 수 있는현시대에 ‘천재’ 미학의 유효성에 대한 여러 담론을 논의하고 변화된 ‘천재’의의미를 재조명한다. 본 연구는 해당 사례에 드러난 근본적인 배경을 탐구하고K-Pop과 ‘천재’의 연계성 및 ‘천재 미학’에 대한 새로운 통찰력을 제시하는 것에 목적이 있다.

Does virtual reality affect behavioral intention? Testing engagement processes in a K-Pop video on YouTube

The current study tested the effects of a celebrity's virtual reality (VR) video on YouTube on audience transportation, parasocial interaction, identification, worship, and behavioral intention of social campaign participation. In addition to VR effects, fans and nonfans were compared with each other for engagement. The media content of BTS, a Korean pop boy band, was experimented in six groups: VR video with a headset, 360-degree video, 2D video, audio, news article, and control. A posttest only experiment was conducted among 142 participants in total. Results found that the VR with a headset group showed a significant difference from the news article group in transportation into BTS. The VR with a headset group had higher parasocial interaction with BTS than the control group. BTS fans were more likely than nonfans to show significant transportation, parasocial interaction, identification, worship, and behavioral intention.

AN INTERPRETING ANALYSIS OF IU’S HIT SONGS THAT ACHIEVE PERFECT ALL-KILL

Nowadays, all about K-Pop (Korean Pop) widely known in the world, South Korea’s music industry is known to have a music chart system that is very influential on the career and achievement of a singer. The system is to measure the success of a group or solo singer when they release a song. Some of the terms that are known by most K-Pop fans are real-time all-kill (RAK) certificates, certified all-kill (CAK), and perfect all-kill (PAK). Songs that receive RAK, CAK, or PAK certificates, can be interpreted as best-selling songs played on digital music services in Korea. This is an interpreting analysis of IU’s hit songs taken from 2011 until 2020, aimed to see what linguistic factors that makes them hit and achieve PAK. This research used a qualitative method. This research concluded 8 from 15 of IU songs make it achieve PAK because of numerous factors such as: the music, the instrument, the singing style, and the lyric with figurative languages. In academic environments, teacher may teach the students how to analyze song lyric because it is useful to teach vocabulary, idiom, and also elements of poetry. Keywords: Analysis, Interpreting, Music, IU