Methodological Justification Research Articles

Theoretical and methodological justification of the future teacher's professional training based on a collaborative environment

Theoretical and methodological justification of the future teacher's professional training based on a collaborative environment

Seasonal influenza in children: complications, treatment, prevention (subject publication review).

Aim: To study the specificity of seasonal flu in children, in particular, in young children, as well as treatment, prevention and complications of seasonal flu. Materials and Methods: For the methodological justification of the article, we used the pool of research technologies. Methods of theoretical analysis, system-analytical, comparative methods provided us with the opportunity to characterize the features of influenza incidence in children. Conclusions: A distinctive feature of influenza is the high lability of the genes of the infectious agent. In this regard, it is extremely important to timely update information about new strains of the pathogen, creation of new types of vaccines and antiviral drugs, as well as changes in the course of the disease. Our literature review is intended to improve the medical community.

Методологические и практические вопросы стратегий развития моногородов: возможности предикативной аналитики

The purpose of the article is to study the problems associated with the stabilization of the situation in single-industry towns and the methodological justification of the practical possibilities of using predicative analytics in obtaining a predictive assessment of the growth points and taking into account risk factors during the creation of a strategy for sustainable development of a mono-profile territory. The historical significance of single-industry towns is shown and the reasons for the subsequent decline in their socio-economic indicators and the state of infrastructure are given. The consequences of the dependence of socio-economic indicators of single-industry town development on the financial results of the activity of a city-forming enterprise are analyzed. The expediency of developing a unified approach to technologies for solving the problems of single-industry towns development using predictive analytics tools in the process of planning the territory development is argued.

Региональная система научно-методического сопровождения педагогических работников и управленческих кадров образовательных организаций общего образования

The effectiveness of the education system in general and general education in particular depends on highly qualified teaching staff carrying out educational activities. A high level of professional training of pedagogical staff implies their continuous professional development (training). In order to create an effective system of ad-vanced training for teachers and school leaders, it is necessary to have a comprehensive system of scientific and methodological support for this activity. Relevance of the problem under study. The relevance of the devel-opment of the system of support for the professional development of teaching staff is due to the lack of a uni-fied approach to the organization of the activities of methodological support services, as well as insufficient scientific methodological justification of this activity, the lack of connection between science and practice. Mate-rials and methods of research. Analysis of normative legal acts on the problem; official websites of federal and regional executive authorities managing in the field of education; analysis of domestic and foreign academic research on the problem. The results of the research and their discussion. The comparative analysis of the im-plementation of the system of scientific and methodological support of professional activity of teachers and school managers was carried out; the main directions of activity for the improvement and development of the system of scientific and methodological support of professional activity of teaching staff were determined; the system of professional development of teaching staff in educational organizations of general education was proposed.

Разработка технологических схем и обоснование параметров крепления восточного борта карьера «Железный» тросово-канатными анкерами на основе формирования и анализа больших данных

Productivity of a mining enterprise is limited by the possibility of its transportation subsystem, which efficiency improvement is an urgent scientific and practical task. Studying the processes of formation and transformation of material flows allows us to clarify the design methodology of continuous haulage systems. The normative methodology of belt conveyors selection is based on treating the material flows as normally distributed random variables, with the point value, i.e. the irregularity coefficient, being used as the main indicator. There are doubts in methodological justification of such an approach. The normal law of distribution in the classical variant adequately describes a random variable changing within infinite limits, and real mine material flows via the conveyor lines are random variables with unilateral constraints. The majority of tasks on finding the design ranges of material flows can be solved using experimentally established distribution functions (or probability density functions) of random quantities of material flows. Based on the publications in recent years, as well as on our own experimental studies, it is proposed to describe material flows by piecewise linear probability density functions, in particular the triangular ones, and to summarize material flows on the basis of general theoretical provisions of classical probability theory. The paper solves a particular problem of finding an analytical solution of the sum of two random material flows defined by the triangular distribution laws and compares the results of numerical integration of the probability densities of the material flows.

Уточнение методов расчета грузопотоков конвейерных транспортных систем угольных шахт

Productivity of a mining enterprise is limited by the possibility of its transportation subsystem, which efficiency improvement is an urgent scientific and practical task. Studying the processes of formation and transformation of material flows allows us to clarify the design methodology of continuous haulage systems. The normative methodology of belt conveyors selection is based on treating the material flows as normally distributed random variables, with the point value, i.e. the irregularity coefficient, being used as the main indicator. There are doubts in methodological justification of such an approach. The normal law of distribution in the classical variant adequately describes a random variable changing within infinite limits, and real mine material flows via the conveyor lines are random variables with unilateral constraints. The majority of tasks on finding the design ranges of material flows can be solved using experimentally established distribution functions (or probability density functions) of random quantities of material flows. Based on the publications in recent years, as well as on our own experimental studies, it is proposed to describe material flows by piecewise linear probability density functions, in particular the triangular ones, and to summarize material flows on the basis of general theoretical provisions of classical probability theory. The paper solves a particular problem of finding an analytical solution of the sum of two random material flows defined by the triangular distribution laws and compares the results of numerical integration of the probability densities of the material flows.

Methodology of Teaching Basic Types of Speech Activity in Foreign Language to Pedagogical Students

The study of the methodology of teaching foreign languages to students is very important in the context of globalization and the rapid development of high technologies. The article’s aim is to study the methodology of teaching students four types of speech activity in foreign languages. The problem is that universities currently do not pay enough attention to the integrated development of all four types of speech activity, which can only be realized through the use of modern information and communication interactive technologies. The following research methods are used in the article: analysis of scientific literature, induction, deduction, comparison, complex analysis and forecasting, which allowed experimentally to substantiate and show the feasibility of using podcasts on electronic educational platforms when teaching university students a foreign language. The article’s author comes to the conclusion that the use of a set of exercises based on listening to podcasts is effective for the development of four types of speech activity among students, and is useful for providing more informative language material relative to traditional teaching methods. Podcasts increase the level of general cognitive activity of students and motivation, as they provide emotional involvement in obtaining new information. Thanks to podcasts, teachers have the opportunity to individualize learning, differentiate tasks for students based on their level of knowledge and interests, and show the wide possibilities of self-education. The article’s author believes that a promising direction for further research may be the search for the possibilities of methodological justification for the inclusion of podcasts in the curricula of universities.

EE688 Case for Clear Communication and Justification of Survival Extrapolation Methodology: A Review of NICE Submissions in Oncology

EE688 Case for Clear Communication and Justification of Survival Extrapolation Methodology: A Review of NICE Submissions in Oncology

Reserves as a Terminological System of Economic Analysis

Socio-economic conditions of functioning of economic entities are determined by changes in the internal and external environment, limited and inaccessible resources, multidirectional requests of participants in economic relations. This leads to the need to introduce tools for more cost-effective and efficient management of activities in the short and long term. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive study of such tools for improving the efficiency of an economic entity as the search, identification, mobilization and implementation of reserves. The author used such scientific methods as analysis, synthesis, comparison, as well as systematic and logical approaches. Based on the analysis, the following results were obtained: the concept of «reserves» is defined as a polysemic term widely used in both economic and other scientific fields; a set of characteristics of reserves is justified in relation to the tools for improving the efficiency of an economic entity. It is also proved that at present reserves should be considered as a means of ensuring the reliability of the system’s functioning, under the condition of a deep and comprehensive study of its activities, highlighting its phenomenological features as the basis of the policy of searching, identifying, and implementing reserves. The continuity of analytical work in the field of improving the efficiency of economic entities of various types is substantiated. The leading role of the works of the professor at the Moscow Financial Institute (in the present century — the Financial University) S.B. Barnholz in the methodological justification and practical implementation of the search, identification and mobilization of reserves is reflected. The possibility of further development of the ideas and experience of the Soviet period during the construction of an economic entity’s performance management system is shown. Approaches to the classification of reserves as socio-economic instruments for improving the quality of the functioning of the economic system are substantiated. The key directions of developing a methodology for searching, identifying and mobilizing reserves are highlighted, for which it is proposed to use a standardization tool. The value of its application to analytical procedures is revealed both to improve the efficiency of the functioning of an economic entity and to improve communication with internal and external stakeholders.

Components of the Industrial and Personnel Recovery System in War-Affected Regions during the Martial Law in Ukraine

This article focuses on the importance of a methodological approach to building a management system for industrial recovery in regions and the integration of skilled labor into the regional economy even during wartime. The purpose of the article is to provide a scientific justification for the impact of internal and external environments on the regenerative processes in the industrial economy during the period of martial law and after the cessation of hostilities, as components of the system for restoring the industrial potential of regions. A comprehensive and interconnected examination of the challenges facing the state today with the systemic problems of the development of the industrial economy in the pre-war period lays the foundation for successful transformational transformations and the speed of regenerative processes of economic and social recovery. The author claims that the economic-social, economic-ecological and social-ecological components of recovery processes are closely related and affect the final result - industrial recovery today and sustainable development of regions and the state in the future. The author notes that transforming the challenges of the external environment into opportunities in building the industrial recovery system through the application of a management system embodies an additional resource for optimizing and accelerating the regenerative processes in the industrial economy. This requires a broad, comprehensive analysis of the interplay between internal and external environmental factors for transformational changes of external challenges into additional opportunities, thereby enhancing the hidden, existing, and underutilized potential of regions through the construction of quality coordination processes in the industrial recovery system. The article elaborates on the theoretical and methodological justification for the impact of effective management and coordination approaches on the restoration processes to achieve the ultimate goal – the recovery of the industrial economy and sustainable development of the region, determining optimal models for operational monitoring of process progress, studying the impact of cutting-edge technologies on recovery processes, as well as overcoming technological gaps and creating conditions for the return of skilled migrants to Ukraine.

Principles of transport means maintenance optimization: equipment cost calculation

Purpose. Justification of principles and methodology for effective calculation of the equipment costs and optimization of transport means maintenance. Methodology. The results of the presented scientific research were obtained using general and special methods of cognition: abstract and logical analysis, systematization and combination, method of theoretical generalization, method of dialectical cognition, deduction and induction, and statistical analysis. This paper analyzes the relationship between the probability of failure prevention by the maintenance system and the associated costs. The research investigates how the variation in the technical condition change rate influences the length of the operation cycle and the rate of its decline. The study’s outcomes are analyzed, including the formation of points of minimum unit costs, the effect of spare parts’ cost, and the practical importance of the conclusions drawn. Findings. This paper outlines the economic methodology for determining the specific expenses of maintaining means of transport. The methodology considers the distribution of expenses for spare parts, labor, and other components. Using this methodology, it is possible to estimate the total costs of maintenance and make informed decisions about the efficient use of resources. It has been determined that the cost of spare parts impacts the efficiency of the maintenance system. Therefore, it is imperative to balance the cost for spare parts and safety, while considering the probability of failure. The method outlined in this work is versatile, which allows its adaptation and application to the specialized road transport. Originality. The paper further develops the methodological approach to calculating equipment costs for transport maintenance, which is used to improve service efficiency and reduce expenses. The approach enables a comprehensive evaluation of the outcomes of enhancing failure prevention probability through the maintenance system. It also aids in managing unused parts’ resources, particularly during short operating cycles. Practical value. The study’s findings can optimize the maintenance system, increase operational efficiency, and enhance the safety and reliability of means of transport, while reducing the costs associated with spare parts, labor, and other maintenance components. This approach aids in conserving resources, reducing operating costs, and is crucial for the financial stability and profitability of management companies.

A Metaphysical Foundation for Religious Thinking in Public? On Sharing Reason with Afro-protestant Thought

Abstract This article examines metaphysics as a method for religious thinking in public. Such a method invites criticism because 1) no one institution or population group can determine how well others use reason and 2) religious justifications for optimal reason-sharing emanate from privileged institutions. Reason is worth using and sharing when traditions share limit-questions. On what basis had the determination – that some use and share reason better than others – seemed plausible? Some scholars base their determination on appeals to metaphysics. The first part of this article introduces public theology’s origins in American civil religious discourse. The second part examines a foundational method for public reason. These parts establish a relationship between a description of public theology and an examination of its use of reason in David Tracy’s methodological justification of metaphysics. The third part shows how Afro-protestant thought mediates public and emancipatory reason by asking whose inquiry liberates and why.

Investment attractiveness of Central Asian countries: factors and evaluation criteria

In the context of clear geopolitical trends, foreign investment play a significant role in the development of national economies. The work’s aim is analyzing the investment attractiveness’s level of the Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and conduct a study to increase their potential, give recommendations on the assessment methodology. The main foreign investors of them are EU countries, Turkey, China and Russia. These countries are strategic regions as continental highways of trade in the world and are main producers in Eurasia, while consuming the main raw materials of the region. When determining the investment attractiveness, the key factors were substantiated by the results of world studies and the leader among the states was identified on a factor-point scale. As part of the study, the correctness of the hypothesis about the operation of the P. Samuelson principle was tested: GDP growth can be ensured through the growth of foreign investment. The conducted correlation-regression analysis helps substantiating proposals concerning the state management of investments and shows the countries’s dependence on specific factors. The methodological justification includes identify dependencies between them, the review studies, which justify the ranking criteria. The grouping investments by segmenting domestic markets made it possible to determine directions for the development of economies, to clarify further investment research and approaches to expertise. The significance of the results of the study is determined by the possibility of further development of investment state concepts, the addition of mechanisms for increasing investment in the identified deficit areas.

Методологические подходы в организации педагогического сопровождения информационной безопасности подростков

The article deals with the actual problem of information security of adolescents, which is revealed through factors affecting the development of personality. The purpose of the study is the methodological justification of the developed and implemented model of pedagogical support of information security of adolescents in an institution of additional education and pedagogical conditions for its successful implementation. The work is based on theoretical analysis and generalization of pedagogical practice. The material for the study was the content of training courses on programming in an institution of additional education. The results of the study showed that the presented model of pedagogical support of information security of adolescents should be based on synergetic, axeological, socio-cultural and activity approaches. The article specifies the pedagogical conditions under which it is possible to form the qualities of a person capable of resisting information threats and conforming to the norms of our society.

Моделирование образовательного пространства кадетской школы-интерната как потенциала для самореализации воспитанников

The research is relevant because there are not enough studies investigating the potential of cadet institutions’ learning environment regarding its impact on pupils’ self-realization. The purpose of the research is to study a set of conditions of the learning environment of a cadet boarding school that shape pupils’ self-realization. Hypothesis: successful self-realization of cadets at a boarding school depends on three factors: modeling of the learning environment (it should include theoretical and methodological justification, identification of resources and conditions for successful self-realization of cadets), determination of criteria, indicators and diagnostic tools, and development and testing of extracurricular activities, additional education programs, innovative technologies, methods, forms and socio-cultural practices. The study is designed to last three years (2021–2024). Methods: theoretical analysis of scientific literature; analysis and synthesis of teachers’ experience in cadet boarding schools; modeling of the learning environment of a cadet boarding school. The theoretical model includes such components of the learning environment of a cadet boarding school as conceptual, resource-environmental, motivational-value, contentactivity and evaluative-effective. Participation in projects is considered to be a leading activity that provides cadets with opportunities for self-realization. To study self-realization, the authors’ questionnaire “The study of self-realization of cadets in the learning environment of a cadet boarding school” was developed (the authors are E. V. Kamaeva, L. P. Shustova, N. A. Lobankova). This questionnaire diagnoses pupils’ satisfaction with the conditions of the learning environment in a cadet boarding school in terms of their self-realization in various activities. Results: the authors have carried out a theoretical analysis of the problem of how to create a learning environment in cadet institutions; the authors have also identified the resources and conditions for successful self-realization of pupils at a cadet boarding school; additionally, the authors have determined the criteria and indicators to monitor the effectiveness of this process as well as the directions and content of cadet self-realization activities. Main conclusions: modeling the learning environment of a cadet boarding school and testing it in practice will contribute to the successful development of the processes of personal and professional self-determination of cadets and their self-realization in various types of socially useful activities. The educational-methodical and scientific-methodical support of the process of self-realization of pupils at a cadet boarding school developed on the basis of the pedagogical model can be used to create the learning environment in cadet institutions of the Ulyanovsk region and Russia.

Factor Model for The Migration Processes Development in Kazakhstan

Migration, being a reflection of socio-economic processes, processes in society, highlights issues related to the identification of the phenomena that cause it. The purpose of the article is to build a multifactorial model for the development of infectious processes. In the course of the study, the main factors affecting the interaction of processes in Kazakhstan in 1991-2021 were identified, a theoretical and methodological justification was given for the dependence (independence) of the regulation of processes on wages, formal and informal employment, assessment of the standard of living of the population, cultural and educational level development of the Kazakhstan population in their morbidity-temporal aspect. Correlation coefficients were calculated and the degree of analysis of indicators was estimated based on calculations of pairwise regression between variables using the SPSS 23 program.

Factor Model for The Migration Processes Development in Kazakhstan

Migration, being a reflection of socio-economic processes, processes in society, highlights issues related to the identification of the phenomena that cause it. The purpose of the article is to build a multifactorial model for the development of infectious processes. In the course of the study, the main factors affecting the interaction of processes in Kazakhstan in 1991-2021 were identified, a theoretical and methodological justification was given for the dependence (independence) of the regulation of processes on wages, formal and informal employment, assessment of the standard of living of the population, cultural and educational level development of the Kazakhstan population in their morbidity-temporal aspect. Correlation coefficients were calculated and the degree of analysis of indicators was estimated based on calculations of pairwise regression between variables using the SPSS 23 program.

THE DIGITAL ACMELINGUISTIC TECHNOLOGY IN THE INDIVIDUAL EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORY OF A MODERN STUDENT

This article deals with the digital acmelinguistic technology in the individual educational trajectory of a modern student as an effective way to improve the professional communicative competence in the independent study of a foreign language. The scientific novelty lies in the response to the requirement for practice-oriented learning, immersion of students in an authentic professional environment. The methodological basis is acmelinguistics. The theoretical and methodological justification is the acmeological, activity-based, interdisciplinary, intercultural and communicative approaches. The principles of interfacing cultures, methods of content analysis, description of a communicative situation and participant observation prove that with the help of the technology under study it is possible to solve such important issues as: the development and improvement of different types of speech; unlocking of the creative potential; the ability to use an authentic learning environment to find the information needed.

On the need to increase the age categories of male military personnel for rationing of the nutritional status

Introduction. The purpose of the study is scientific and methodological justification of the need to increase the number of age groups to clarify the standards for assessing the nutritional status of military personnel.
 Materials and methods. The study involved one thousand three hundred seventy six 18 to 53 years male servicemen under medical examination. The following methods were used: anthropometry, assessing body composition (bioimpedance, caliperometry), the functional state and adaptive reserves. Statistical data analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel and Statistica 10.0 software products.
 Results. Based on the results of the analysis of literary sources and own research, for assessing and rationing of the nutritional status there were identified 4 age groups of military personnel, differed from each other at a highly reliable level (p>0.001) for all the studied indicators.
 It was found that representatives of the 1st age group (18–20 years) were characterized by the best values of adaptation of the cardiovascular system and the body’s resistance to physical exertion, as well as high reserve functionality and recovery rate after physical exertion. Representatives of the 2nd age group (21–27 years old) are objectively the best in most of the indicators studied by us compared to other age groups. In the military personnel of the 3rd age group (28–35 years), in general, with satisfactory results for most of the parameters studied, there was a significant decrease in the indicators of the functional state, compared with the first two groups. Representatives of the 4th age group (36 years and over) had the highest percentage of values of the studied indicators below the norm.
 Limitations. The medical examination, which included measurements of body size, composition, and assessment of functional status, involved 1,376 18 to 53 years male servicemen, which is a sufficient reference sample. 
 Conclusion. The necessity of increasing the number of age groups to assess the nutritional status in male servicemen is substantiated. Based on the conducted research, 4 age groups of military personnel were identified to assess the nutritional status, which differ from each other at a highly reliable level.

НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ФИНАНСОВОЙ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ РОССИЙСКИХ КОММЕРЧЕСКИХ БАНКОВ: СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ

This article presents recommendations for improving the financial stability of various types of Russian credit institutions. Currently, the main problem associated with the methodological justification and practical implementation of these tools is the pres- ence of different types of banks in the credit system of the Russian Federation, which implies different conditions for their functioning. In this regard, the task of develop- ing practical tools for improving the financial stability of various types of banks be- comes urgent. The purpose of this study is to scientifically substantiate a set of measures aimed at improving the financial stability of Russian commercial banks. The main objectives of the study are to identify problems related to the achievement of financial stability of banks, scenario forecasting of solutions to this problem, economic justification of the effectiveness of the proposed measures. Federal and regional banks were chosen as the object of this study: this sample is due to the unequal opportunities to attract and sources of financial resources of this type of banks, which is one of the key fac- tors to ensure their financial stability. This also determined the direction of recom- mendations for the object of research we have chosen. The main conclusion of the study is to determine the degree of effectiveness of vari- ous measures and their impact on the financial stability of the type of banks under consideration. It is proved that for regional banks, the greatest effect is provided by such measures as the attraction of a subordinated loan, as well as the securitization of mortgage loans. The operating income of this type of banks is also important. For the federal bank, a measure to reduce interest expenses and increase income from inter- est-bearing transactions has a more significant impact. Operating income and ex- penses for this type of bank have less impact on the level of financial stability. It is also worth noting that to increase financial stability, it is necessary to take measures at the macro level. The direction of further research on this topic may be related to the justification of macroeconomic trends, as well as the justification of their impact on Russian tanks of various types. The results obtained in this study take into account the differences between the banks-objects of research and allow us to scientifically prove and specify the directions for improving financial stability that are relevant for each of them.