Junior Homonym Research Articles

Middle Miocene Rissooidea (Caenogastropoda) of Letkés (Hungary)

A Middle Miocene (Early Badenian) Rissooidea assemblage with 19 species of ten genera is described and illustrated from the fossiliferous locality at Letkés (Börzsöny Mts, Hungary). The material represents the most highly diverse occurrence of the superfamily in the Pannonian Basin System. Nine species are recorded for the first time in this region. Rissoa federicoi nom. nov. is proposed as new name for the junior homonym Rissoia (Turboella) acuticosta Sacco, 1895.

Correction to: 'Giant Jurassic dragon lacewing larvae with lacustrine palaeoecology represent the oldest fossil record of larval neuropterans' (2023) by Du et al.

Open AccessMoreSectionsView PDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Cite this article Du Xuheng, Niu Kecheng and Bao Tong 2023Correction to: ‘Giant Jurassic dragon lacewing larvae with lacustrine palaeoecology represent the oldest fossil record of larval neuropterans’ (2023) by Du et al.Proc. R. Soc. B.2902023041120230411http://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.0411SectionOpen AccessCorrectionCorrection to: ‘Giant Jurassic dragon lacewing larvae with lacustrine palaeoecology represent the oldest fossil record of larval neuropterans’ (2023) by Du et al. Xuheng Du Xuheng Du http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3476-5074 Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for more papers by this author , Kecheng Niu Kecheng Niu http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0100-0144 Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for more papers by this author and Tong Bao Tong Bao http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7510-593X [email protected] Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for more papers by this author Xuheng Du Xuheng Du http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3476-5074 Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for more papers by this author , Kecheng Niu Kecheng Niu http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0100-0144 Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for more papers by this author and Tong Bao Tong Bao http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7510-593X [email protected] Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for more papers by this author Published:15 March 2023https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.0411This article corrects the followingResearch ArticleGiant Jurassic dragon lacewing larvae with lacustrine palaeoecology represent the oldest fossil record of larval neuropteranshttps://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.2500 Xuheng Du, Kecheng Niu and Tong Bao volume 290issue 1993Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences15 February 2023Proc. R. Soc. B290, 20222500. (Published online 15 February 2023). (https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.2500)After publication of the article [1], it was brought to our attention that the genus name we proposed for the new fossil is a junior homonym of Palaeoneurorthus Wichard, 2009 [2]. In accordance with ICZN article 60.3, we herein propose substitute names for the genus and the species, with the same type designations and diagnoses as the original publication. We thank the colleagues who pointed out this issue.Girafficervix, nomen novumin substitution for Palaeoneurorthus Du, Niu & BaoType species: Girafficervix baii Du, Niu & Bao, typification by monotypy.Diagnosis: as species.Gender: feminine.Etymology: the name is compounded from the genus name Giraffa, meaning giraffe, and cervix, Latin meaning neck, in reference to the specimen's long neck.Girafficervix baii, nomen novum, holotype YLNHM01098, paratype NIGP201165 in substitution for Palaeoneurorthus baii Du, Niu & BaoRefer to Du, Niu & Bao (2023) [1] for details on the holotype, diagnoses and etymology.Footnotes© 2023 The Authors.Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

New Replacement Names in Fossil Echinoderms (Echinodermata)

Within the genera of fossil Echinodermata three junior homonyms are found and the following replacement names are proposed: Edrioblastocystis nom. nov. pro Blastocystis Jaekel, 1918 nec Aléxéieff, 1911 and consequently Edrioblastocystidae nom. nov. to replace Blastocystidae Jaekel, 1918; Euzonohymenosoma nom. nov. = Hymenosoma Lehmann, 1957 nec Desmarest, 1823; Pennsylvanicycloscapus nom. nov. = Cycloscapus Moore and Jeffords, 1968 nec Erdös and Novicky in Erdös, 1951. Accordingly, also three new combinations (comb. nov.) are established.

A replacement name for Nemophora divina Diakonoff, 1951 (Lepidoptera: Adelidae), a secondary junior homonym of Nemophora divina (Caradja, 1939)

Caradja (1939) described a fairy moth (Lepidoptera: Adelidae) species, Nemotois divina, from Ho Shan, Shanxi province of China. The genus Nemotois Hübner [1825] is a junior subjective synonym of the genus Nemophora Hoffmannsegg, 1798 (Fletcher 1929; Janse 1945; Jacobs 1949; Diakonoff 1951; Powell 1969; Nielsen 1980), and the combination Nemophora divina (Caradja, 1939) was first proposed by Kozlov (1997). This action made Nemophora divina Diakonoff, 1951, described from Indonesia, a secondary junior homonym of Nemophora divina (Caradja, 1939). No synonyms are known for this junior homonym; therefore, a new replacement name is proposed according to ICZN (1999: Art. 60.3). This name is based on the same holotype as the replaced name (ICZN 1999: Art. 72.7).

Disclisioproctaedmondsii (Butler, 1882) comb. nov. (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Larentiinae).

The generic assignment of the geometrid moth Xanthorhoeedmondsii (Butler, 1882) (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Larentiinae), originally described under Hypochroma Guenée, [1858], a junior homonym of Hypochroma Herrich-Schäffer, [1855] (Geometridae, Ennominae), is assessed using genitalia morphology and analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences. Morphological characters revealed closeness to the type species of Disclisioprocta Wallengren, 1861 (Larentiinae). In agreement with morphology, the molecular analysis clustered X.edmondsii with species of Disclisioprocta in a well-supported monophyletic group distantly related to members of Xanthorhoe Hübner, [1825]. Accordingly, Disclisioproctaedmondsii (Butler, 1882) comb. nov. is proposed.

Revision of the Ordovician conodont species Fahraeusodus adentatus and the new genus Pohlerodus

Fahraeusodus adentatus, the type species of Fahraeusodus, is revised based on the re-examination of the original types and a large collection of topotype specimens from the Emanuel Formation (Lower Ordovician) of the Canning Basin in Western Australia. Confirmation of a modified pastinate Pa element in the septimembrate ramiform-pectiniform apparatus of this conodont species has resulted in a redefined generic definition for Fahraeusodus. Based on this newly defined diagnosis of Fahraeusodus and its type species, all other species previously assigned to Fahraeusodus and Texania are reviewed and now placed in Pohlerodus gen. nov., which is erected herein to substitute Texania, which is a junior homonym. Yong Yi Zhen [ yong-yi.zhen@regional.nsw.gov.au ], Geological Survey of New South Wales, W.B. Clarke Geoscience Centre, 947–953 Londonderry Road, Londonderry NSW 2753, Australia.

Minute moss beetles in the Southern Hemisphere: Molecular phylogeny, historical biogeography and habitat shifts (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae)

AbstractMinute moss beetles (Hydraenidae) are one of the most speciose and widespread families of aquatic Coleoptera, with an estimated 4000 extant species, found in the majority of aquatic habitats from coastal rock pools to mountain streams and from the Arctic Circle to the Antarctic islands. Molecular phylogenetic works have improved our understanding of the evolutionary history of the megadiverse Hydraena, Limnebius and Ochthebius in recent years, but most genera in the family have not yet been included in any phylogenetic analyses, particularly most of those which are restricted to the Southern Hemisphere. Using a multimarker molecular matrix, sampling over 40% of described species richness and 75% of currently recognized genera, we infer a comprehensive molecular phylogeny of these predominantly Gondwanan Hydraenidae. Whilst the genera we focus on are morphologically diverse, and currently classified across all four hydraenid subfamilies, our phylogenetic analyses suggest that these Gondwanan genera may instead constitute a single clade. As a result of our findings, the African genus Oomtelecopon Perkins syn.n. is shown to nest within Coelometopon Janssens, the New Zealand Homalaena Ordish syn.n. and Podaena Ordish syn.n. are synonymised with Orchymontia Broun, and the South African Pterosthetops Perkins syn.n. is synonymised with Prosthetops Waterhouse, resulting in Pterosthetopini Perkins syn.n. being synonymised with Prosthetopini Perkins. Mesoceratops Bilton & Jäch gen.n. is erected to accommodate six former members of Mesoceration Janssens, which is shown to be polyphyletic. We propose the replacement name Orchymontia ordishi Jäch & Bilton nom.n. for Homalaena dilatata Ordish, 1984 (now a junior homonym); altogether 39 new combinations are proposed. Our Bayesian divergence times infer an origin for this ‘Gondwana group’ of genera in Africa plus Madagascar in the mid‐Cretaceous and suggest that both vicariant and dispersal processes, together with extinctions, have shaped the biogeographic history of these beetles in the Southern Hemisphere during the Cretaceous, resulting in geographically conserved extant lineages. Finally, we reconstruct ancestral habitat shifts across our phylogeny, revealing numerous changes in habitat occupancy in these genera, including multiple origins of fully terrestrial, humicolous taxa in different regions.

(2929–2931) Proposals to conserve the names Dipterocarpoxylon with a conserved type against Hippocrateoxylon, Dryobalanoxylon against Naucleoxylon, and Shoreoxylon against Bredaea and Grewioxylon (fossil Dipterocarpaceae, Magnoliophyta)

(2929–2931) Proposals to conserve the names <i>Dipterocarpoxylon</i> with a conserved type against <i>Hippocrateoxylon</i>, <i>Dryobalanoxylon</i> against <i>Naucleoxylon</i>, and <i>Shoreoxylon</i> against <i>Bredaea</i> and <i>Grewioxylon</i> (fossil <i>Dipterocarpaceae</i>, <i>Magnoliophyta</i>)

Replacement name for the homonym of subgenus Trimorus (Neotrimorus) (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) with description of two new species from India

ABSTRACT Trimorus (Lochana) nom. nov. is proposed as a replacement name for the subgenus Trimorus (Neotrimorus) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), a junior homonym of Neotrimorus Dalla Torre (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). This subgenus has a distinct striated medial mesoscutellar spine as well as basal depressions on the third metasomal sternum. ‘Basal depressions on the third metasomal sternum’, earlier considered to be present only in Xenomerus in Teleasinae, are now found to be shared by Trimorus (Lochana). Two new species, Trimorus (Lochana) karna sp. nov. and T. (L.) satyaki sp. nov., are described and illustrated. The following new combinations are proposed: Trimorus (Lochana) spinostriatus comb. nov.; T. (L.) scutellospinosus comb. nov.; T. (L.) ferrari comb. nov. Keys to the females and males of all species of Trimorus (Lochana) are provided. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C054A157-803A-4E9F-B2A1-ABEB88EAD4F1

A catalogue of Indian Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera).

We catalogue 1,695 Indian Pyraloidea species in 509 genera. Of these, Pyralidae comprises 518 species in 182 genera, which represents 8.35% of the global Pyralidae diversity of 6,197 species. Crambidae are represented by 1,177 species in 327 genera, accounting for 11.29% of the global Crambidae diversity of 10,418 species. Botys medullalis Snellen, distributed in Indonesia, is reinstated to species status as Sciorista medullalis (Snellen), stat. rev., comb. nov. Sylepta [sic] picalis Hampson, 1903, syn. nov. is synonymised with Syllepte picalis Hampson, 1899. A replacement name Archernis polynesiae N. Singh & Mally, nom. nov. is proposed for Archernis fulvalis Hampson, 1913a, a junior homonym of Archernis fulvalis Hampson, 1899e. We review the chronology and quantity of species descriptions of Indian Pyraloidea by various authors. Summaries of all subfamilies of Pyralidae and Crambidae present in India provide information on adult and larval morphology, food plant associations, and diversity and distribution in major biogeographic zones of India.

A revision of the Australian species of Howickia Richards (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Limosininae)

Howickia Richards, 1951, the largest genus of Sphaeroceridae in Australia, is revised to include 43 species, including all wingless Australian species of the family. The following new species are described: H. acicula (TAS), H. auricoma (VIC), H. biantenna (TAS), H. cruspica (VIC), H. erythrocephala (NSW), H. flagella (TAS), H. grandisterna (TAS), H. holti (NSW), H. irwini (NSW), H. loligo (TAS), H. notechis (TAS), H. nuda (NSW), H. pertusa (TAS), H. pinnula (TAS), H. pseudovittata (NSW, QLD), H. robustaseta (NSW), H. tricolor (NSW), H. truemani (TAS), H. wamini (NSW, QLD, TAS, WA), and H. xanthocephala (QLD, NSW). The genera Apterobiroina Papp, 1979, Australimosina Papp, 2008, Bentrovata Richards, 1973, Monteithiana Richards, 1973, Popondetta Richards, 1973, and Otwayia Richards, 1973 are treated as new synonyms of Howickia. Howickia is redefined and placed in the context of a key to genera of Sphaeroceridae in Australia, the Australian species of Howickia are keyed, and a morphological phylogeny is given for the Australian species. The following new combinations are given: Howickia australis (Papp, 1979) comb. nov., Howickia cynthia (Richards, 1973) comb. nov., Howickia dealata (Richards, 1973) comb. nov., Howickia flavipes (Papp, 2021) comb. nov., Howickia flaviterga (Richards, 1973) comb. nov., Howickia flavithorax (Papp, 2021) comb. nov., Howickia regalis (Richards, 1973) comb. nov., Howickia sabina (Richards, 1973) comb. nov., Howickia truncata (Papp, 2021) comb. nov., Paralimosina nasalis (Richards, 1973) comb. nov. (formerly in Pseudocollinella Duda, 1924), Pseudopterogramma fenestrata (Richards, 1973) comb. nov. (originally as Leptocera (Limosina) Macquart, 1835, transferred to Biroina Richards, 1973 by Marshall in Roháček et al. (2001)), and Pleuroseta dorrigonis (Richards, 1973) comb. nov. (formerly in Biroina). A new name, Howickia neoregalis nom. nov. is proposed for H. regalis Marshall, 2014, junior homonym of H. regalis (Richards, 1973). The following genera are newly recorded from Australia: Chaetopodella Duda, 1920, Paralimosina Papp, 1973, Pachytarsella Richards, 1963, Parapterogramma Papp, 2008, Philocoprella Richards, 1929, Piliterga Papp, 2008, Pterogrammoides Papp, 1972, Spelobia Spuler, 1924, and Spinilimosina Roháček, 1983.

Review of Ophioplinthaca Verrill, 1899 (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea, Ophiacanthidae), description of new species in Ophioplinthaca and Ophiophthalmus, and new records from the Northwest Pacific and the South China Sea.

The ophiuroid genus Ophioplinthaca is well characterized by the deep incisions in the disc. Prior to this study, it contained 32 accepted species, but species limits and geographic distributions were not well understood. The manned submersible vehicle 'Shenhaiyongshi' was used to collect ophiuroid specimens from the deep-sea seamounts and cold seeps in the South China Sea and Northwest Pacific at 602-3600 m depth, during 2018 to 2020. The genus Ophioplinthaca was reviewed using both morphological data and a phylogenetic analysis, based on COI sequences. The taxonomic status of the genus Ophiophthalmus Matsumoto, 1917, a junior homonym of Ophiophthalmus Fitzinger, 1843 (a reptile) was clarified by proving prevailing usage of the ophiuroid name. A total of eight species were identified, including two new species, described asOphioplinthacabrachispina sp. nov. and Ophiophthalmusserratus sp. nov., and two new records. The new species are characterized by unique features of the arm skeletons. Tabular keys to all Ophioplinthaca and Ophiophthalmus species are provided. Interspecific and intraspecific genetic distance of Ophioplinthaca species ranged from 2.32% to 19.72%, and from 0.26% to 0.90%, respectively. The data suggest that species of the genus Ophioplinthaca are more widely spread around the Northwest Pacific region deep-sea seamounts than previously known.

Astroblastocystis nom. nov. - a new replacement name for Blastocystis Jaekel, 1918 (Echinodermata, Parablastoidea).

The generic name Blastocystis has been proposed at least twice for different organisms for which nomenclature is governed by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Blastocystis Jaekel, 1918, is a junior homonym of the generic name Blastocystis Alexeieff, 1911. We propose the following Astroblastocystis nom. nov. as a new replacement name (neonym) for Blastocystis Jaekel, 1918.

Taxonomic status of genera of Buccininae (Neogastropoda, Buccinidae) updated based on molecular data with description of new species and corrections of nomenclature of Buccinum

The status of five genera recognized within subfamily Buccininae (Buccinidae) is critically re-assessed based on the molecular phylogenetic analysis of the cox-1, 16S, and 28S gene fragments. Our results suggest restoring Volutharpa P. Fischer, 1856 from synonymy of Buccinum and we also consider Plicibuccinum Golikov &amp; Gulbin, 1977 as valid genus. New molecular data provide further support for the synonimization of Bathybuccinum Golikov &amp; Sirenko, 1988 with Buccinum Linnaeus, 1758. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that Thysanobuccinum Golikov #38; Gulbin in Golikov, 1980 and Ovulatibuccinum Golikov &amp; Sirenko, 1988 as currently construed are nested within Buccinum and their subgeneric rank is not confirmed. Therefore, we synonymize these genera with Buccinum. In the absence of molecular data the monotypic genus Corneobuccinum Golikov &amp; Gulbin, 1977 is provisionally considered valid. Two new species, Buccinum hasegawai sp. nov. and B. bizikovi sp. nov. are described from the Kurile Islands; these species were previously erroneously identified as Bathybuccinum bombycinum (Dall, 1907) and Ovulatibuccinum ovulum (Dall, 1907), respectively. New replacement names are proposed for the secondary junior homonym Buccinum perlatum (Fraussen &amp; Chino, 2009) and the primary junior homonyms Buccinum coronatum Golikov, 1980 and Buccinum costatum Golikov 1980.

Phytosaurian Nomenclature: Parasuchia, Phytosauria or Belodontia?

The nomenclatural status of Phytosaurus Jæger is here analyzed in accordance with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. In the past, several authors have interpreted it as both a family-group and/or a genus-group name, but each of these approaches fails in several articles of the Code. Phytosaurus Jæger is here interpreted as originally established for a collective-group and cannot be used as a nominal genus in binomina, but takes precedence over any other younger homonym, and the first available one is Phytosaurus Wagler. Being an invalid junior homonym, the class-group name Phytosauria Baur and the family-group name Phytosauridae Lydekker, which are based on Phytosaurus Wagler, are ultimately rejected. Conversely, the class-group names Parasuchia Huxley and Belodontia Brauns, as well as the family-group name Belodontidae Cope, are older but have some taxonomic restrictions in relation to Belodon plieningeri Meyer. To avoid proposing new names for old ones, the solution to fix the higher-order nomenclature for phytosaurs is to designate a neotype for Belodon plieningeri Meyer. Keywords: Parasuchia, Phytosauria, Belodontia, Archosauriformes, Triassic, collective-group.

A new species of Elcanidae (Insecta: Orthoptera) from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber

A new species of Elcanidae (Orthoptera: Elcanoidea), Panorpidium maculosum sp. nov., is described based on an exquisite specimen with both wing and body preserved from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber. Wing venation suggests attribution to Panorpidium mainly on developed ScP (with six branches), three longitudinal branches between basal part of RP and CuA + CuPaα, and area between MP and anal edge of tegmen narrow. Body morphologies exhibit similarity to Burmelcana including metatibia with pairs of spine-like spurs in distal half, metatibia with three apical spurs, and metabasitarsus with a row of stout spines on ventral margin. Thereby the combined characters of Panorpidium maculosum sp. nov., including body structures and wing venation, indicate that Burmelcana and Panorpidium belong to one genus and Burmelcana is junior homonym name of Panorpidium. Additionally, the new species distinguishes from the species of Panorpidium mainly by metathoracic basitarsus with a row of stout spines on distal half and area between MP and anal edge of tegmen narrow with oblique and netted crossveins, and is erected as a new species. Our new find not only confirms subfamilial assignation of Burmelcana to the Elcaninae, but also provides evidence for incorporating Burmelcana longirostris Peñalver and Grimaldi 2010 to Panorpidium.

Hyoliths from the Bystraya Formation (Cambrian Series 2) of eastern Transbaikalia (Zabaykalsky Krai), Siberia

The hyolith fauna of the middle Bystraya Formation (Cambrian Series 2) of eastern Transbaikalia (Zabaykalsky Krai), Siberia, includes at least 17 described taxa distributed between the orders Hyolithida and Orthothecida. Species of Microcornus, Parkula, Conotheca, Neogloborilus and Cupitheca are widely reported from Cambrian strata elsewhere. Triplicatella uslonica sp. nov. is known only from Transbaikalia. Dauritheca is proposed as a replacement generic name for the junior homonym Pachytheca, originally described from Xinjiang, China, and its range is extended to Transbaikalia. A conch with prominent comarginal ribs is referred to Salanytheca daurica sp. nov., a genus otherwise known from the early Cambrian of Mongolia and northern Siberia. John S. Peel [john.peel@pal.uu.se], Department of Earth Sciences (Palaeobiology), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Alexander P. Gubanov [Alexander.Gubanov@pal.uu.se], Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Nomenclatural changes for two spider genera as a consequence of homonymy (Arachnida: Araneae)

One junior homonym was detected in the order Araneae where no junior synonym could be used and the following replacement name is therefore proposed: Pholcitrichocyclus Ceccolini & Cianferoni nom. nov. pro Trichocyclus Simon, 1908 nec Eschscholtz, 1825 nec Günther, 1870. The genus Leucognatha Wunderlich, 1992 is revalidated to resolve the homonym Sancus Tullgren, 1910 nec Sancus de Nicéville, 1891.

Morphological and molecular evidence of eight new species of the genus Scaptodrosophila Duda (Diptera, Drosophilidae) from China.

By integrating morphological and molecular evidences, seven new species of the Scaptodrosophila coracina species group and one new species of uncertain affinity to this genus from China are recognized and described: S. angustifolia sp. nov., S. apunctata sp. nov., S. latifoliacea sp. nov., S. longiciliata sp. nov., S. melanovittata sp. nov., S. polytricapillum sp. nov., S. undulata sp. nov. and S. curvata sp. nov. A key to the examined species is provided. Intra- and interspecific, pairwise p-distances with DNA barcodes (partial sequences of the mitochondrial COI, i.e., cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene) are calculated and summarized. In addition, S. zebrina Liu Chen, 2018 from Yunnan, China is recognized as junior homonym of S. zebrina (Bezzi, 1928) and renamed as S. zebromyia nom. nov.

A new replacement name in Rhagidiidae (Acariformes: Prostigmata: Eupodoidea)

The recently proposed name Sigthoria Ceccolini and Cianferoni, 2021 (replacement for the rhagidiid genus name Thoria Zacharda, 1980 nec Stål, 1864) turned out to be preoccupied (junior homonym of Sigthoria Koenike, 1907) and it needs to be changed. The substitute name Thorrhagidia Cianferoni and Ceccolini nom.n. is proposed here, together with two updated new combinations (comb.n.).