Junior High School Teachers Research Articles

TEACHERS' QUESTIONS TO PROMOTE STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING IN EFL CLASS

Critical thinking has important role in the EFL class. It can be developed through questioning. However, English teachers are rare to address the critical thinking questions to their students. Therefore, this study aims to investigate to what extent teachers use questions to promote students' critical thinking. This study employed a qualitative approach with open-ended questionnaires and interview to collect data. Seventy-eight of English junior high school teachers in Indonesia were involved in this study. The results of this research revealed that majority teachers employed critical thinking questions. They posed the questions for clarification, assumption, reasons and evidence, viewpoints or perspective, the implication, consequence or alternative, prediction, agreement and disagreement, and summary and conclusion to promote students' critical thinking skill.

Digitalization of Education and Its Impact on Urban Society: A Study on Junior High School Teachers

This study aims to determine the impact of digitalization of education on urban society. The Background of this research is that the rapid development of technology and information has resulted in changes in various aspects of life, especially in urban areas. One area that feels the impact is the realm of education. The teacher’s ability to provide material accompanied by suitable methods will provide good learning outcomes. The approach in this research is qualitative by using an evaluation method through case studies. This is done by two junior high schools in the Jabodetabek region. The impact of digitalization of education for urban communities is the opening of understanding of teachers and students about the benefits of digital in the world of education. It started the program by making every student aware of the importance of reading through the School Literacy Movement by facilitating students and teachers with libraries. Education is developing in the digitalization of education by encouraging students and teachers to use digital libraries. This effort is strengthened by implementing learning by making digital-based teaching materials, namely by including images, photos and videos in each lesson. One of the teacher's innovations in digital-based learning is to facilitate virtual field trips, where each student can access various interesting information and historical places by using the services of a bolger or guide directly at the destination.

The Influence of Principal Leadership Behavior on Junior High School Teacher Performance

This study aims to determine the effect of principal leadership behaviour on teacher performance. This type of research used in this study is ex post facto. This study's population was 926 teachers at State Junior High Schools in Palu who carried out learning activities in the 2017/2018 academic year. The sampling technique was carried out randomly. The number of samples is 90 teachers consisting of 8 junior high schools in Palu City, and data collection uses a questionnaire. Based on the results of descriptive analysis, it is known that the frequency of leadership behaviours for the very high category obtained a value of 53.33%, the high category of 45.56%, and the low category of 1.11%. The frequency of teacher performance for the very high category obtained a value of 62.22% and the high category of 37.78%. Based on the simple linear regression test results, it is known that there is an influence of the principal's leadership behavior on teacher performance by 24.8%, while other variables influence teacher performance of 75.2%. The influence of principal leadership behaviour on teacher performance shows a positive and significant regression coefficient. In this study, the principal showed good behaviour and was aware of his responsibilities as a leader in his school related to human resource management, namely the teachers he led. The principal always strives to create conducive school conditions by creating mutual respect between teachers and school principals, then between teachers and school members. Teachers participated in finding solutions to problems currently being faced by the school and providing equal opportunities for teachers to develop themselves. It means that if the principal's leadership is excellent, the teacher's performance will increase.

Multimedia technology integration in teaching junior high school English

Multimedia technology integration in teaching junior high school English

Errors and Adherence to Inhaled Medications in Chinese Adults with COPD.

Adherence to inhaled medications is key to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) control and management. To assess errors and adherence to inhalation therapy in COPD patients, and identify potential factors associated with poor adherence. This cross-sectional study was conducted from October 1, 2022, to November 30, 2022, in 24 hospital outpatient departments in different cities of Hunan Province, China. Adherence to inhaled medications was measured using the 10-item Test of Adherence Inventory, and the results were expressed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. A total of 2218 clinically confirmed adult COPD patients completed the questionnaires, and 1423 patients with more than a 3-month history of inhalation therapy were analyzed. This study found that 61.3% of patients made one or more use errors. Not holding the breath after inhalation or holding the breath for less than 3s had the highest reporting rate (30.7%). A considerable proportion of patients (66.6%) demonstrated suboptimal adherence to inhaled medications. Patients who resided in rural areas (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.12-1.88), used dual therapy (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.05-2.05), and exhibited common use errors (OR 3.02, 95% CI 2.39-3.82) were more likely to present suboptimal adherence. Patients with CAT (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test) score < 10 (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.56-0.94), a junior high school education and above (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.57-0.94), and duration of inhaled medication use > 3years (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.47-0.83) were associated with better adherence. Suboptimal adherence to inhaled medications and many inhalation therapy errors were identified among COPD patients. Common use errors in inhaled medications, CAT score, and education background were predictive of and influenced adherence to inhaled medications. It is necessary to strengthen training in Chinese patients about inhaler use and follow-up intensively with patients throughout treatment, especially for patients with risk factors.

Unveiling Excellence: Exploring the Driving Factors Shaping Junior High School Teachers' Performance

The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of compensation, work discipline, and work environment on the job performance of private junior high school teachers in the North Pillau Dullah Subdistrict of Tual City. The population in this study consists of private junior high school teachers in the North Pillau Dullah Subdistrict of Tual City, with a total sample size of 66 individuals. The data collection methods used in this study include questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis method employed involves both descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis, specifically multiple linear regression analysis. This method is utilized to measure the impact of Compensation, Work Discipline, and Work Environment on the job performance of private junior high school teachers in the North Pillau Dullah Subdistrict of Tual City. Based on the F-test results, the independent variables (compensation, motivation, and work discipline) collectively exhibit a positive and significant influence on the dependent variable (teacher job performance). The correlation coefficient testing reveals a high level of correlation or relationship between compensation, motivation, and work discipline with teacher job performance, amounting to 72.1%. Additionally, motivation stands out as the most dominant factor influencing the job performance of private junior high school teachers in the North Pillau Dullah Subdistrict of Tual City.

A Practice Study on the Teaching of English “Micro-discourse” Writing in Junior High School based on the Concept of Production-oriented Approach

English writing, as a crucial link in English teaching, is a learning method based on the features of language use of English, cultivating students' integrating skills of using English language and realizing their self-expression. In view of the writing dilemmas such as lack of motivation and knowledge, Separation between Learning and Using, singularity of evaluation in junior high school English writing teaching, this thesis will propose a “micro-discourse” writing method based on the theory of production-oriented approach, which takes “micro-length,” “micro-elements” and “micro-conception” as the design ideas, and takes output-driven, input-enabled, output practice, and teacher-student evaluation as the teaching route to develop new learning strategies and teaching methods. Therefore, it can stimulate students' motivation for language learning, effectively cultivate autonomous learning ability, realize their absorption and internalization of writing knowledge, and truly improve junior high school students' English writing, as well as provide new ideas for exploring optimal English teaching methods, and further implement the reform requirements for English teaching in junior high school as set forth in English Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education.

Teachers Pedagogical Competence in Terms of Supervisors Academic Supervision and Teaching Experience

" This study aims to determine the pedagogical competence of teachers in terms of supervisors' academic supervision and teachers' teaching experience. This type of research is ex post facto which consists of two independent variables, namely supervisor academic supervision (X1) and teacher teaching experience (X2) and one dependent variable, namely teacher pedagogical competence (Y). The study population was all private junior high school teachers in Binamu District, Jeneponto Regency. Class random sampling and the number of samples used Slovin. Data collection techniques are divided into two, namely questionnaires for variables X1 and X2 and tests for variable (Y). The results of the study found that: 1) teachers' pedagogical competence is influenced by supervisors' academic supervision and teachers' teaching experience, both jointly and partially.

Impact of Headteachers' Leadership Styles on Teachers' Job Performance in Sagnarigu Municipality in Northern Region of Ghana

Teachers' productivity and job performance in educational settings are significantly dictated by several factors, including the leadership styles employed by headteachers in the governance of schools. However, there is an ongoing debate among scholars in educational management as to which school governance style is the most effective and can facilitate high productivity among teachers. This research was therefore carried out to explore the effects of headteachers' leadership styles on the job performance of junior high school teachers in Sagnarigu Municipality in Ghana's Northern Region. The research adopted cross-sectional design informed by three research questions. Out of 82 schools, Yamane (1967) formula for sample size determination was used to randomly sample (N = 68 school heads) to complete a Questionnaire for Headteachers' Leadership Style (QHLS). Using Cronbach alpha formula, the reliability of the items on the questionnaire was validated. The Standardized Lesson Observation Scale (SLOS) was used to observe the instructional quality of 40 teachers. The study found excellent performance of teachers in quality lesson delivery with female teachers out-performing the males. Also, the sampled schools had more male teachers than females. The democratic leadership style was the most frequently used by headteachers with autocratic leadership approach being the least utilized. There was no statistically significant relationship between headteachers' leadership styles and job performance of teachers. The demographic characteristics of headteachers have no statistically significant influence on their leadership styles. The study recommends recruitment of more females as headteachers, capacity building for heads of schools, and periodic organization of Continuous Professional Development (CPD) programs.

THE EFFECT OF PARENT EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND ON STUDENT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS

Islamic boarding schools are institutions where students live who are not accompanied by their parents in their daily lives. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of parental education on the learning abilities of students living in Islamic boarding schools. This research uses a quantitative approach with the research subjects being Islamic boarding school-based junior high school students in Garut, Tasikmalaya Regency and City, West Java, Indonesia. The sample used was 161 students consisting of 63 students from class 1, 57 people from class 2 and 41 people from class 3 MTs (Junior High schools). Data analysis used the Multivariate Analysis of Variance (Manova). The results of the analysis show that there is a significant effect between parents' educational background on the ability to learn Mathematics, Indonesian and Arabic. Meanwhile, for English and science subjects, parents' educational background does not have a significant effect. Even though there is no effect, in general the educational background of bachelor’s parents has a better comparison across all subjects. Differences appear in the subjects of English, Science, Mathematics and Indonesian, where the junior high school education background is much better than the high school education. Meanwhile, for Arabic subjects, the results of the analysis show that the educational background of elementary school parents is better than high school.

Pengaruh Peran Kepala Sekolah dan Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran terhadap Motivasi Mengajar Guru di Sekolah SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Bula Kabupaten Seram Bagian Timur

This study aims to determine (1) the influence of the role of the principal on teaching motivation, (2) the effect of the use of instructional media on teacher teaching motivation, (3) the effect of the role of the principal and use of instructional media jointly on teacher teaching motivation in public junior high schools in the district of Bula, East Seram regency. This type of research is expost-facto using quantitative methods. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire or a Likert distribution questionnaire. The population as well as the sample in this study were all 69 PNS/Non PNS school principals and teachers from 3(three) public junior high schools in Bula District, East Seram Regency. The results showed that: 1) the role of the school principal (X1) had an effect on teachers’ teaching motivation (Y) by 6.3% based on (R square) of 0.063, (2) The use of instructional media (X2) had an effect on teachers’ teaching motivation (Y) of 23.6% besed on (R square) of 0,236, and (3) the role of the school principal (X1) and the use of instructional media (X2) has an effect on teacher motivation (Y) of 23,7% based on (R square) of 0.237. Based on the results of the reseach conducted, the variabel of the role of the school principal and use of learning media should be increased in order to increase the motivation to teach teachers in public junior high schools in Bula District, East Seram Regency.

Hubungan Antara Perilaku Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dan Disiplin dengan Motivasi Kerja Guru pada SMP di Pulau Buana

This study aims to determine the relationship between the behavioral orientation of school principals and discipline leadership with the work motivation of teachers in junior high schools on the island of Buano. The research method used in this research is quantitative research. From this data it can be concluded that: 1) There is a relationship between the leadership behavior of school principals and teachers' work motivation because the significant value is &lt; 0.05 or 0.150 &lt; 0.05. The value of the Pearson correlation is 0.912, which means that there is a degree of relationship at very low correlation. 2) There is a relationship between work discipline and teacher motivation because the significant value is &lt;0.05 or 0.00 &lt;0.05. The value of the Pearson correlation is 0.873, which means that there is a high degree of correlation. 3) There is a positive and significant relationship between the principal's leadership behavior and work discipline with the teacher's work motivation because the significant value is &lt;0.05. Thus it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant relationship simultaneously between the leadership behavior of school principals and work discipline with teacher work motivation. so it can be concluded that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted.

The prevalence of insufficient physical activity and the influencing factors among Chinese adults in 2018

Objective: To understand the prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged ≥18 years in China and to explore the influencing factors. Methods: The China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance was conducted in 298 counties/districts in China in 2018, covering 31 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities). A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select permanent residents aged ≥18 years. A questionnaire including Global Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to collect information about the participants' demographic characteristics and physical activity through face-to-face interview. A total of 183 769 participants completed the survey. After complex data weighting, the prevalence of insufficient physical activity, occupation, transportation, and leisure-time physical activity time was analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the influencing factors related to insufficient physical activity. Results: The prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged ≥18 years was 22.3% (95%CI: 20.9%-23.7%) in China in 2018, with males [24.4% (95%CI: 23.0%-25.8%)] significantly higher than females [20.2% (95%CI: 18.6%-21.8%)]. Adults aged 70 years and above [28.4% (95%CI: 26.9%-29.9%)] were significantly higher than adults in other age groups, followed by adults aged 18-29 years [26.4% (95%CI: 24.4%- 28.3%)] and 30-39 years [23.4% (95%CI: 21.5%-25.3%)], and tended to increase with increasing education and total sedentary behavior time (P<0.001). The weekly occupation, transportation, and leisure-time physical activity time appeared 958.6 (95%CI: 911.4-1 005.8) minutes, 234.5 (95%CI: 224.7- 244.2) minutes, and 88.6 (95%CI: 83.5-93.7) minutes, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that males, adults living in rural areas or northern China, ≥70 years, with junior high school education, an annual household income per capita <6 000 yuan and institutional/clerical/ technical occupation and longer total sedentary behavior time were related to a higher prevalence of insufficient physical activity. Conclusions: In China, over one-fifth of the adults had lower physical activity levels. Adults who are male, young adults, more educated, institutional/clerical/technical occupation, and with more extended total sedentary behavior are the populations that need to be focused on to promote physical activity-related health.

The Effect of Education and Training and Work Environment on Teacher’s Performance

The purpose of this study is to examine and assess the effect of education and training and work environment on teacher’s performance. This study uses quantitative research methods and the research design is in the form of an influence study, to determine the effect between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The findings demonstrated that there is a significant effect of the education and training and work environment partially and simultaneously on the performance of State Junior High School teachers in Pemulutan District. The novelty of this article, where the school will have good teacher’s performance, all stakeholders should create good work environment and give chance for teachers’ education and training.

Junior High Robotics Inspiration: Engaging Students with Exciting Interactive Socialization

This study elucidates the impact of a dynamic robot-focused socialization endeavor on the students of SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Porong. Targeting grades 7, 8, and 9, the initiative aimed to bridge the educational void resulting from the school's relocation. The presentation encompassed diverse national and international junior-level robot contests, along with rudimentary insights into robot components and their functionalities, aligning with the students' foundational aptitudes. Practical involvement, including hands-on interaction with an android smartphone-controlled sumo robot, generated enthusiasm reminiscent of play. A noteworthy upshot was the emergence of approximately 10 female students displaying a newfound interest in robotics. This venture not only augmented general knowledge but also spurred curiosity and engagement, emphasizing the potential for broader academic implications in the realm of junior high school education.&#x0D; Highlights:&#x0D; &#x0D; Interactive Exposure: The socialization event introduced students to national and international robot contests, fostering awareness and igniting interest in the field.&#x0D; Hands-on Experience: Through direct interaction with a smartphone-controlled sumo robot, students were engaged in a playful yet educational manner, encouraging active participation.&#x0D; Gender-Inclusive Impact: The initiative notably attracted around 10 female students, potentially contributing to gender diversity and inclusivity in the realm of robotics education.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Robotics, Junior High School, Socialization, Engagement, Sumo Robot

The Relationship Between Mothers' Knowledge Level about Exclusive Breastfeeding and Providing Exclusive Breastfeeding Behavior

Child health problems in Indonesia are affected by the high infant mortality rate (IMR). One of the reasons for the high infant mortality rate in Indonesia is the low level of breastfeeding immediately after birth (initiation of breastfeeding) and exclusive breastfeeding. This study aimed to determine the relationship between mothers' knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of ​​the sub-district health center. This study used an analytic survey study using a cross-sectional method. Data was collected using a questionnaire with a sample of 81 mothers with children aged 0-6 months, taking samples with purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. Characteristics of the last educational research respondents 30 (37%) had junior high school education. The employment status of housewives was 34 (42%), 21 (25.9%) private, and 15 (18.5%) farmers. The average maternal age at productive age was 20-35, namely 46 (56.8%) mothers. The level of knowledge of mothers about exclusive breastfeeding mostly has a sufficient level of understanding of as many as 39 (48.1%) mothers. Mother behavior of infants aged 0-6 months mostly gave exclusive breastfeeding to their babies, as many as 47 (58%) mothers. There is a significant relationship between mothers' knowledge level about exclusive breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding to infants aged 0-6 months in the working area of ​​the Krai health center with a p-value of 0.001. Mothers should actively ask midwives to explain the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding to motivate mothers to provide it to their babies.

Basic Knowledge of Middle School English Teachers in Indonesia in Assessing Students ' Writing Ability

&lt;p&gt;The capacity to plan lessons and assess students’ learning defines junior high school teachers’ professionalism. Because it significantly affects how they evaluate students’ writing learning outcomes, junior high school English teacher must have a solid foundation in assessing writing. 87 Junior high school teachers from the district and 38 junior high school teachers from the municipality were asked to participate in this quantitatively descriptive study by completing questionnaires regarding their fundamental writing assessment knowledge. Only 16.09% of district teachers and 26.32% of municipal teachers received scores above 60 as a result. These teachers still have significant difficulties planning, implementing, and evaluating writing even though they are all credentialed and routinely report significant professional activities. All stakeholders, particularly schools and the ministry of education.&lt;/p&gt;

Application of machine learning for risky sexual behavior interventions among factory workers in China.

Assessing the likelihood of engaging in high-risk sexual behavior can assist in delivering tailored educational interventions. The objective of this study was to identify the most effective algorithm and assess high-risk sexual behaviors within the last six months through the utilization of machine-learning models. The survey conducted in the Longhua District CDC, Shenzhen, involved 2023 participants who were employees of 16 different factories. The data was collected through questionnaires administered between October 2019 and November 2019. We evaluated the model's overall predictive classification performance using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. All analyses were performed using the open-source Python version 3.9.12. About a quarter of the factory workers had engaged in risky sexual behavior in the past 6 months. Most of them were Han Chinese (84.53%), hukou in foreign provinces (85.12%), or rural areas (83.19%), with junior high school education (55.37%), personal monthly income between RMB3,000 (US$417.54) and RMB4,999 (US$695.76; 64.71%), and were workers (80.67%). The random forest model (RF) outperformed all other models in assessing risky sexual behavior in the past 6 months and provided acceptable performance (accuracy 78%; sensitivity 11%; specificity 98%; PPV 63%; ROC 84%). Machine learning has aided in evaluating risky sexual behavior within the last six months. Our assessment models can be integrated into government or public health departments to guide sexual health promotion and follow-up services.

Intraseasonal variation of the association between heat exposure and mortality risk in Shandong province, China

Exposure to ambient high temperature has been associated with numerous health outcomes. It remains largely unclear whether the heat effect may vary in the course of the warm season. This study aimed to explore the intraseasonal variation of the association between heat exposure and mortality risk during the warm season in Shandong province between 2013 and 2018. Daily data on mortality and meteorological conditions were collected from each of the 1822 sub-districts in Shandong Province during the 2013–2018 warm seasons (June–September). Conditional logistic regression with a distributed lag non-linear model was used to fit the heat-mortality association over lag 0–10 days from early (June–July) to late (August–September). The extreme heat effect was defined as the cumulative odds ratio (OR) at the 97.5th percentile of the temperature range compared to the minimum mortality temperature (MMT). Stratified analysis was conducted by sex, age-group, educational level, and cause of mortality. A J-shaped association between ambient heat and mortality risk was consistently observed across the warm season, with the MMT located at 22.5 °C. The extreme heat effect (OR) decreased significantly from 3.52 (95%CI: 3.10, 4.00) in the early warm season to 2.85 (95%CI: 2.48, 3.28) in the late warm season (P = 0.028). Females, elderly aged over 75 years, individuals with junior high school education or lower, and cardiorespiratory patients were more vulnerable to heat exposure compared to other population subgroups, especially in the early warm season. In conclusion, this study observed a J-shaped association between ambient warm temperature and mortality risk, with the effect size of extreme heat decreasing substantially from the early to the late warm season. The findings highlight the importance of developing health promotion strategies to offset the adverse impact of early heat.

Junior High School Teachers’ Perspectives on Integrating Computers in Lessons

The Global and Innovation Gateway for All (GIGA) School Program, an initiative by the Japanese government to provide each student in compulsory education with a computing device, was implemented in March 2021. This case study followed two junior high school English teachers for their first year of using the devices. The aim was to discover, through a series of semi-structured interviews, how the devices were integrated into the classroom as well as the participants’ beliefs regarding the pedagogical benefits of the technology. Through trial and error, both teachers found applications that suited their pedagogical style, and made extensive use of the technology over the course of the year; one participant utilized the devices to enhance a teacher-centered approach and the other to facilitate a student-centered one. With device programs becoming prevalent around the world, such case studies can contribute to the ongoing collective learning experience. 文部科学省 が全国の小中学校の生徒一人一人にパソコンを支給する「GIGAスクール構想」が2021年3月に施行された。本研究は、1人1台端末の導入1年目である中学校英語教師2名 に対して追跡調査を行った。その目的は、半構造化インタビューを通じて、コンピュータがどのように教育現場に組み入れられているのか、また、コンピュータがもたらす教育上の利点に関して参加者の見解を明らかにすることにある。2名 の教師は試行錯誤の結果、それぞれの教育スタイルに合ったアプリケーションを見つけ、1年の間にテクノロジーを幅広く活用していたことが明らかとなった。1名は教師主体 のアプローチの強化、もう1名は生徒主体のアプローチ の促進のために端末を活用した。1人1台端末が世界中で普及する中、本研究が継続的な集合学習に貢献することが期待される。