Joint Session Research Articles

Nuclear Medicine Image Interpretation Progress in the Assessment of Cardiac Sarcoidosis: July <b>2019</b> ASNC/JSNC Joint Session

Sarcoidosis is a significant disease affecting the heart. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is a well-validated method for identifying significant focal inflammatory sarcoid lesions. The recent progress in image interpretation in nuclear medicine improves the diagnosis and the risk stratification in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis. Especially, metabolic activity, texture analysis, phase analysis, right ventricle assessment, and digital PET/CT are promising methods to assess cardiac sarcoidosis. This review focuses on the latest data analyses and image interpretation used in nuclear medicine to assess cardiac sarcoidosis.

Science’s role in socioeconomic development of integrated scientific and technological space of the union state of Russia and Belarus

On June 18, 2019, the Presidiums of the Russian Academy of Sciences and of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus held a joint session to discuss results of cooperation in 2018, prospective projects of Union State programs, and short-term plans for cooperation between the Russian Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Particular attention was paid to scientific support for development of strategic directions for long-term spatial-territorial and socioeconomic development of Russia and Belarus and to the concept of the United Eurasia megaproject.

Halide Perovskites: Low Dimensions for Devices

Celebrating 10 years from the technological revolution brought about by the first report of halide perovskite solar cells, Symposium G of the EMRS Spring Meeting 2019 was dedicated to the memory of the late George C. Papavassiliou (Figure 1), a vibrant pioneer in the early days of the field during the 1990s. The Symposium, entitled Halide Perovskites: low dimensions for to reflect the important potential of these tunable semiconductors in technology, was designed with the intention of bringing together researchers from across all breadths and lengths of the field. From the discovery of new materials to the study of their photophysical properties-from both theory and experiment viewpoints-to more technical studies related to the implementation of perovskites into functional devices, the Symposium highlighted most aspects of the perovskite research that have been actively studied to date. In this respect, the symposium proved successful in providing key opportunities for discussions on progress in new material development as well as to introduce new potential applications beyond optoelectronics, with energy-related developments standing out. Among the 12 invited talks the 56 oral presentations and its 38 poster presentations (including a joint session with Symposium B-Emerging photovoltaics: strategies for more stable devices), the Symposium delivered lively discussion stimulated by the invited researchers who delineated the different themes of the Symposium. B. Lounis showed how the exciton-phonon coupling operates in perovskites, presenting an excellent account on the photo-physics of halide perovskite nanocrystals the single-particle level 1. On a more applied topic, M. Bodnarchuk explained the intricacies of the synthesis and emission tuning of colloidal perovskite nanocrystals, showing how much the interface interactions between the inorganic perovskite and the organic surfactants can influence the properties, and proposed innovative methodologies on how to control the interactions 2. On the phonon problem, R. Schaller presented a high-throughput study of many perovskite derivatives, experimentally pinpointing the anharmonic nature of the phonons that derive from the dynamically disordered nature of the crystal lattice 3. P. Plochocka covered the excitons present in the perovskites and highlighted very vividly how to manipulate excitons using (enormous) magnetic fields and extract useful information on their binding energy and lifetimes within the perovskite structure 4. Shifting the dimensionality to perovskite nanowires, the presentation of E. Horvath introduced many innovative methods to produce functional perovskite nanowires that can be shaped at will to various morphologies, by manipulating the substrate pattern and the surface conditions 5. Figure I.

Children’s Safety Workshop: A Demonstration of Human Factors Professionals’ Preparaton with Practicing Attorneys

This special joint session with shared interest from multiple technical groups (Forensics professional, Children’s issues, and Safety) presents an interactive demonstration of human factors preparation with “client” attorneys. Actual attorneys, exhibits and experts from a matter that took place in South Florida will work with the audience to “prepare” the case and give example cross-examination testimony. The attorneys and experts will then form a panel to respond to audience questions.

Václav Havel at the End of the Cold War: The Invention of Post-Communist Transition in the Address to U.S. Congress, February 21, 1990

A mere three months after the peaceful Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia, and less than a year after his last imprisonment under the communist regime, playwright-turned-president Václav Havel stood before a joint session of U.S. Congress in February of 1990. In his address, Havel marked, for his American audience, the new freedoms being established at home. More than just a victory lap, however, Havel’s visit articulated the importance of the invention of post-communism, as the end of the Cold War had to be constructed for his global audience. Havel’s version of invention in the speech used temporality and embodiment as key rhetorical materials—as he emphasized the opportune moment of the end of the Cold War, he also embodied the higher moral sense of responsibility and democratic civic culture that he believed the moment called for. However, this inventive process was understood differently by his American, European, and Czech audiences, and his attempts to transcend Cold War frames were highly contested. Havel thus became a complex symbol of the transition between the Cold War and the post-Cold War, which showed the tensions around the implementation of a “new world order.”

Architectural Acoustics: From Auditoria to Zoos

The Technical Committee in Architectural Acoustics deals with sound in the built environment. Any type of building requires consideration of sound during the design process. In some cases, sound quality is very important (e.g., concert halls), in others, sound clarity is essential for speech communication (e.g., classrooms) and in some, the presence of unwanted sound can be detrimental (e.g., hospitals). All of these scenarios are considered by architectural acoustics. Because of the broad range of applications, TCAA often crosses interests with other Technical Committees. Noise, Musical Acoustics, Psychological and Physiological Acoustics are some of the most common ones to hold joint sessions with and have research and application interests in common. As TCAA is one of the largest ones in the Society, it also has a great number of subcommittees dedicated to specific topics such as Classroom Acoustics or Green Buildings. The committee members are also varied, with a good mix of academics, industry and practitioners, as well as students.

Preface

It is our pleasure and honour to introduce this prestigious publication – The Proceedings of the Institute of Physics International Conferences Electrostatics 2019 and Dielectrics 2019. The conferences were organised by the Dielectrics & Electrostatics Group of the Institute of Physics, and for the first time were co-located in the historic city of Manchester, UK from 8th to 12th April 2019. Electrostatics 2019 was the 15th conference in the series since its inauguration 66 years ago. The conference has been held at many venues around the UK, but this was the first time in Manchester. We are proud to say that is was something of a home coming for electrostatics as two of the founders of the Electrostatics Group, then known as the Static Electrification Group, were based in Manchester: Dr N Gibson and Dr P S H Henry. This year also marks the 46th Anniversary of the Dielectrics Group, which is now part of the Dielectrics & Electrostatics Group, and was formerly the Dielectrics Society.Manchester is the second largest city in Great Britain. The city is also home to many discoveries. The luxury car company Rolls-Royce was first established in Manchester in 1904. In the late 1940’s, professors at Manchester University developed the first computer that had a stored programme and memory. More recently, graphene, also known as a wonder material, was first extracted by two professors at Manchester University: Sir Andre Geim and Sir Kostya Novoselov, for which they were awarded the Noble prize in Physics in 2010. The world’s first intercity railway was designed and built by the great George Stephenson was opened in 1830, operating between Manchester and Liverpool. Manchester is also famous for its cotton industry and was even known as Cottonopolis in the 19th century.Electrostatics 2019 spanned across four days and included fifteen oral presentation sessions and three poster presentation sessions. The final two sessions of Electrostatics 2019 were joint sessions forming the first two sessions of Dielectrics 2019, which continued into the fifth day with a total of seven oral presentation sessions and one poster presentation session. The conferences were truly international with delegates attending from across the globe: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Ireland, Japan, South Korea, Lebanon, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia, USA and, of course, United Kingdom. There was also a balanced representation between academic/research institutions (∼60%) and industry (∼40%), which was an added highlight of the conference. There were a significant number of research students attending and presenting their work, which was really an exciting benefit as students will be our future scientists/professors/CEO’s. There were also exhibitors, who were very active and lively in engaging with the delegates.

Teamwork, collaboration and networking: self-reported behavioural change following pre-licensure interprofessional clinical learning

ABSTRACTThe majority of studies exploring the impact of interprofessional education (IPE) for pre-licensure health professionals have focused on IPE experiences in the classroom, online or through simulation. Research into IPE in clinical settings has been carried out, however, to date most studies have focused on short-term outcomes related to learner reaction, attitudes and perceptions, and knowledge and skills. This study adds to the literature investigating IPE in clinical settings for pre-licensure health professionals by investigating the experiences of learners who, following their IPE clinical placement, had moved into other clinical (workplace) environments. To understand what, if any, influence the clinical IPE experience had on their subsequent professional practice, 13 participants (students and graduates) from five professions were interviewed. Inductive thematic analysis identified that, following their IPE placement, participants engaged in interprofessional practice by seeking and sharing information, embedding other professional goals into patient sessions and conducting joint sessions. Several factors influenced the ability and capacity to collaborate at the individual and organisation level. Findings from this study suggest that the dedicated IPE placements enhanced both student and graduate openness and ability to collaborate with other professions in subsequent clinical workplace settings.

Gap Analysis Regarding Prognostication in Neurocritical Care: A Joint Statement from the German Neurocritical Care Society and the Neurocritical Care Society

Background/ObjectivePrognostication is a routine part of the delivery of neurocritical care for most patients with acute neurocritical illnesses. Numerous prognostic models exist for many different conditions. However, there are concerns about significant gaps in knowledge regarding optimal methods of prognostication.MethodsAs part of the Arbeitstagung NeuroIntensivMedizin meeting in February 2018 in Würzburg, Germany, a joint session on prognostication was held between the German NeuroIntensive Care Society and the Neurocritical Care Society. The purpose of this session was to provide presentations and open discussion regarding existing prognostic models for eight common neurocritical care conditions (aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, acute ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, traumatic spinal cord injury, status epilepticus, Guillain–Barré Syndrome, and global cerebral ischemia from cardiac arrest). The goal was to develop a qualitative gap analysis regarding prognostication that could help inform a future framework for clinical studies and guidelines.ResultsPrognostic models exist for all of the conditions presented. However, there are significant gaps in prognostication in each condition. Furthermore, several themes emerged that crossed across several or all diseases presented. Specifically, the self-fulfilling prophecy, lack of accounting for medical comorbidities, and absence of integration of in-hospital care parameters were identified as major gaps in most prognostic models.ConclusionsPrognostication in neurocritical care is important, and current prognostic models are limited. This gap analysis provides a summary assessment of issues that could be addressed in future studies and evidence-based guidelines in order to improve the process of prognostication.

Introduction to the Special issue of the Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, “Magmatic and metallogenic processes associated with large igneous provinces”

This Special volume published by the Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences consists of a collection of six papers on the petrology, geochemistry, and metallogeny of igneous rocks emplaced in large igneous provinces (LIPs). The papers provide a snapshot of results presented at a Special Session of the 2017 Geological Association of Canada – Mineral Association of Canada Joint Annual Meeting held in Kingston, Ontario, by members of the vibrant geoscience community dedicated to the study of LIPs. Participants applauded the idea of a joint session on these topics and as a result, the session fostered animated discussions and new collaborations. The scope of magmatic and metallogenic studies of LIPs often precludes the type of brainstorming that took place during the meeting. This Special volume demonstrates that a robust understanding of magmatic processes represents the essential first step towards the search for mineral deposits in LIPs worldwide.

Physiological Regulation among Caregivers and their Children: Relations with Trauma History, Symptoms, and Parenting Behavior

Parents have the opportunity to influence the development of their children’s emotion regulation skills in a variety of capacities throughout childhood and into adolescence. Only recently have we begun to explore the physiological nature of this effect and implications for the influence of social factors on individual regulation of emotion in children. Also not well understood is how contextual and experiential factors influence this relationship by impacting emotional regulation skill development in children; e.g., parents’ experiences of trauma, loss, and stress may affect parenting behavior and child emotional and behavioral outcomes. To further advance our understanding, the present pilot study investigated how children, ages 9 to 14 years old, and their primary female caregivers (N = 41 dyads) respond physiologically to affective challenge, experienced both independently and jointly. Using a community sample, we examined mother and child respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) while viewing a positive and negative video clip (task) either alone or jointly (condition). Further, we explored the influence of self-reported trauma/adversity experiences and symptoms and quality of parenting on RSA response in the dyads. Results indicate caregiver’s RSA responses were lower across conditions but demonstrated greater increases during the joint sessions than their children. Also, child and caregiver characteristics played a complex role; e.g., caregivers were more likely to increase RSA when with their child if they perceived their child to be suffering greater symptoms of trauma exposure. Caregivers may be suppressing their own arousal to play a regulatory role for the benefit of their children.

Coparenting in the feeding context: perspectives of fathers and mothers of preschoolers.

This study examined how fathers and mothers coparent around child feeding. Father-mother pairs (N = 30) of preschool-aged children (M child age = 4.1years old) participated in joint or group interview sessions. Three themes emerged from the qualitative analysis: (1) couples' division of labor regarding feeding tasks seemed to align with stereotypical gender roles; (2) couples noted that they attempted healthier family eating habits in comparison to families of origin and recognized the influence of extended family on their attempts at healthier feeding; (3) couples agreed on the importance of family mealtime, routines, and healthy meals, yet disagreed on strategies to limit unhealthy foods and achieve harmonious family meals. This study identified processes of coparenting and child feeding areas that were particularly challenging to manage among parents, which could be important targets for childhood obesity interventions. V, descriptive study.

Neural Correlates of Transmitted Light Experience during Meditation: A Pilot Hyperscanning Study

Certain individuals during deep meditative states can transmitt and give out an aura or ‘light, which is perceived by others through some unknown connections, visual, telepathic or other. Despite various anecdotal, historical accounts of such induced light experience (ILE), its underlying neural mechanism is not known. In this pilot study, we investigated the neural correlates of ILE by simultaneously recording the EEGs of an expert Teacher, who is claimed to elicit ILE, and his Pupil (N=2) during joint sessions under various instructions, given separately to the Teacher (transmit/ do not transmit) and to the Pupil (receive/ do not receive). In a further condition both teacher and pupil wear opaque goggles during transmit/receive instruction, limiting the visual/outputinput. We observed a robust increase in the high frequency beta (12-30 Hz) and gamma oscillations (30-70 Hz) in the Teacher’s brain whenever he was instructed to transmit. Electric field tomography analysis localized these effects over several brain regions including the fusiform gyrus, angular gyrus and the cerebellum. Finally, we found that the Teacher’s and Pupil’s brain responses were synchronized, especially in the alpha band (8-12 Hz) during transmit/receive condition, and the information flow was directional, i.e. from the Teacher to the Pupil; interestingly, this enhanced interbrain synchrony disappeared with opaque goggles. These results were interpreted in terms of heightened internally selective attention as manifested by high frequency beta-gamma oscillations and of joint attention as manifested by interbrain alpha synchrony. Altogether, our results provide the first neuroscientific evidence underlying the phenomenological experience of induced light.

All Astir

All Astir Mary K. Bercaw Edwards The bicentennial of Melville’s birth continues to be a rich, wonderful, and packed year. The Twelfth International Melville Conference, “Melville’s Origins,” will occur June 17–20, 2019, in New York City just as this issue of Leviathan appears. Thank you to Jennifer Baker (New York University) and Tony McGowan (United States Military Academy at West Point), the Co-Chairs of the conference organizing committee, and to the other members of the committee, Dawn Coleman (University of Tennessee) and Martha Elena Rojas (University of Rhode Island), for all their hard work conceiving, organizing, and running the conference. The New York conference includes the inauguration of the Melville Society Travel Grant Fund. Meredith Farmer, who initiated the fund, writes with heartfelt appreciation for all those who were able to donate: “Thanks to you we were able to give eight $300 grants paired with waived conference registration fees—far more than the three we had initially projected. We are thrilled to be able to support so many people’s work, and we would like to congratulate our award winners: José Alfaro, Pilar Martínez Benedí, Jaime Campomar, Adam Fales, Alex Moskowitz, Caitlin Smith Oyekole, Kylan Rice, and Nicholas Spengler.” The 2019 MLA conference, which was held in Chicago in January, included two Melville Society panels, “Melville’s Quarrel with Modernity,” chaired by Kim Evans, and “Reading The Confidence-Man Today,” chaired by Rodrigo Lazo, as well as a joint session, “American Lives: Whitman and Melville,” organized by John Matteson and Edlie Wong. Abstracts from “Melville’s Quarrel with Modernity” and “Reading The Confidence-Man Today” appear in this issue of Extracts. There was also a Melville Society dinner at the Palm Chicago. The year 2019 also saw the inaugural Melville symposium at the University of Kansas: “Melville and Race: A Mini-Symposium on the Bicentennial of Melville’s Birth.” The symposium was endowed by prominent Melville scholar Elizabeth Schultz, most recently author of “The New Art of Moby-Dick,” which appeared in the March issue of Leviathan (21.1). Schultz, Professor Emerita at the University of Kansas where she taught from 1967 to 2001, also endowed the Herman Melville Distinguished Professorship in the Department of English at Kansas. Randall Fuller, the first to hold that title, organized the [End Page 147] symposium: speakers included Wyn Kelley (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) on “Retouching Whiteness: Racial Ambivalence in Melville’s Late Work”; Ivy G. Wilson (Northwestern University) on “Lost at Sea: The Racial Terror of Domestic Work in Moby-Dick”; and Robert S. Levine (University of Maryland) on “Race, Emigration, and Nation in Redburn.” Kelley spoke about the aesthetics of whiteness in Melville’s “The Berg,” “Rip Van Winkle’s Lilac,” and Billy Budd. She argued that Melville leaves the sublime behind in his later work in favor of disgust and dismay at “bleached” whiteness. Wilson spoke about Fleece and gave a Marxist reading of capitalism and slavery in Moby-Dick, drawing on the work of C. L. R. James. Levine looked beyond the black-white binary in Redburn to examine hierarchies within whiteness, such as Anglo-Saxon vs. Celt. Click for larger view View full resolution MLA panel: “American Lives: Whitman and Melville.” Left to right: John Bryant, John Matteson, Kevin Beliele, Meredith Farmer, and Micah Bateman. Photo courtesy of Brian Yothers. The year 2019 marks the bicentennial for both Melville and Whitman. The Berkshire County Historical Society is working with the Berkshire Athenaeum to celebrate the 200th anniversary of Melville’s birth. The Athenaeum is seeking a “Literary Landmark” designation, which is awarded to libraries associated with writers of note. If awarded, the celebration of the designation will occur on Melville’s birthday, August 1, to be followed by a Moby-Dick marathon reading held at Melville’s former home Arrowhead, also in Pittsfield, Mass. The reading will pause for the annual Monument Mountain [End Page 148] Hike, before finishing. Arrowhead’s Summer 2019 exhibit is “Melville at Home in the Berkshires.” Other institutions are also eager to celebrate Melville’s bicentennial. The Jepson Center in Savannah, Georgia, will mount a major exhibit that will run from October 11, 2019, through February 16, 2020...

Editorial

The European Solid-State Device Research Conference (ESSDERC) and its sister conference the European Solid-State Circuit Conference (ESSCIRC) have been organized jointly for more than 40 years in order to provide an annual forum for presenting novel and groundbreaking results, for intense discussion of current hot and emerging topics. Both conferences are widely considered to be Europe’s flagship conferences in microelectronics bringing together device physics experts, semiconductor technologists as well as IC designers from academia and industry. To foster discussions and knowledge exchange between scientists and engineers across the communities, the conferences feature joint sessions as well as plenary presentations.

El control parlamentario de los secretos oficiales

La reforma del Reglamento del Congreso de los Diputados se ha convertido en una verdadera asignatura pendiente, tal y como puedan ser la reforma del Senado o la modificación del régimen constitucional en cuanto a la sucesión de la Corona o la aprobación del Reglamento de las Cortes Generales que para regir las sesiones conjuntas de ambas Cámaras prevé el artículo 72.2 de la Constitución.
 Este artículo pretende contribuir al homenaje que el Nº 100 de la Revista de las Cortes Generales quiere hacer a la Constitución de 1978 en el XL Aniversario de su promulgación. Se trata de exponer la líneas generales en las que se enmarca la reforma del Reglamento del Congreso, destacando el contraste entre el deseo manifestado prácticamente por todos los grupos políticos con representación parlamentaria de llevar a cabo una complete modificación del Reglamento y la falta de éxito en todos los intentos de conseguirlo, analizando las dificultades para lograrlo así como recogiendo las distintas reformas parciales aprobadas hasta la fecha.

Forensic Human Factors 101: Interactive Transportation and Product Liability Case Studies

This special joint session with shared interest from multiple technical groups (Forensics Professional Group, Product Design Technical Group, Safety Technical Group, and Surface Transportation Technical Group) provides audience members with an opportunity to conduct a forensic analysis of two cases involving human factors issues. The audience will form four groups in order to conduct their analysis of the behavior and actions of either the plaintiff or the defendant(s) involved in their assigned case. Participants in this session will be provided with information about the case they are analyzing, including descriptions of the circumstances surrounding the case and other factual information required to conduct a forensic analysis. One case will involve a collision between a commercial vehicle and a pedestrian, while the other will relate to the alleged failure of an air regulator utilized in diving. The teams will be asked to develop outlines of expert opinions relying on their knowledge, experience, and familiarity with applicable research. At the conclusion of the teams’ discussions, each team will briefly present the opinions reached by the team. To conclude the session, the audience will have the opportunity to discuss both cases and the value of human factors professionals in litigation. This session will emphasize the broad application of human factors and that forensic human factors work is accessible to a variety of practitioners.

The 2018 Bioinformatics Open Source Conference (GCCBOSC 2018).

In 2018, the annual Bioinformatics Open Source Conference was held for the first time in conjunction with the Galaxy Community Conference, as an experiment to see if we could reach people in the bioinformatics community who aren’t part of the audience attracted by ISMB. Held in June 2018 at Reed College in Portland, Oregon, GCCBOSC (Galaxy Community Conference and Bioinformatics Open Source Conference) attracted over 300 participants from around the world. The meeting started with two days of training, followed by two days of talks and poster/demo sessions (with some joint and some parallel sessions). The joint sessions included well-received keynote talks by Tracy Teal, Fernando Pérez and Lucia Peixoto, as well as a panel discussion about documentation and training. After the main meeting, many attendees stayed for up to four additional collaboration days, an extended version of the Codefests that have been held in conjunction with previous BOSCs. GCCBOSC was a successful experiment. The organizers concluded that the best way to serve the broadest community of potential BOSC attendees will be to partner some years with the International Society for Computational Biology (ISMB) and others with GCC.

Communication training for inter‐specialty clinicians

Inter-specialty clinicians often co-lead family conferences for hospitalised patients. Families frequently report receiving different messages from different clinicians. We developed a communication training workshop that crosses disciplines and co-trains clinicians in one setting to create a culture of delivering a unified message. We developed a 2-day paediatric communication skills workshop to teach the skills necessary to conduct a family conference. The workshop was targeted at nurse-practitioners and faculty clinicians representing the different specialties that co-manage children in an intensive care unit. Our primary outcomes were learner self-assessment of skills attainmentand workshop satisfaction. We also evaluated the feasibility ofrecruiting busy clinicians. Fifteen clinicians, including eight critical care faculty members (80% of eligible participants), three subspecialty faculty members (100% of eligible participants) and four nurse-practitioners (100% of eligible participants), participated. Learners' self-reported confidence improved in all communication metrics assessed. From pre- to post-workshop, confidence increased from 39% to 94% for 'giving bad news' (p < 0.05), from 50% to 83% for 'conducting a family conference' (p < 0.05), and from 39% to 100% for 'eliciting a family's values/preferences (p < 0.05). Every learner rated the workshop as important to their clinical practice and 100% would strongly recommend it to others. All reported the time commitment was not burdensome and 74% would choose this 2-day format over shorter formats. When clinicians learn together, they are more likely to speak the same language when communicating with each other, and ultimately to deliver the same message to families CONCLUSIONS: An inter-specialty communication training workshop for different types of clinician was well received. It is feasible to co-train different types of clinician in a joint session. When clinicians learn together, they are more likely to speak the same language when communicating with each other, and ultimately to deliver the same message to families.

Relaciones del Gobierno con las Cortes Generales: Control y responsabilidad

El trabajo pretende analizar el contenido del Título V de la Constitución de 1978, relativo a las relaciones entre el Gobierno y las Cortes Generales. El estudio se realiza no tanto desde la perspectiva de su interpretación jurídica, sino desde la óptica preferente de la utilización práctica de las técnicas de control y responsabilidad política, examinando los usos desviados o inapropiados de las mismas que el autor ha podido constatar en su experiencia parlamentaria.