Job-related Well-being Research Articles

Unhappy Working with Men? Workplace Gender Diversity and Employee Job-Related Well-Being in Britain: A WERS2004 Based Analysis

This paper attempts to establish empirically the link between workplace gender diversity and employee job-related well-being. Using nationally representative linked employer-employee data for Britain, I employ econometric techniques that account for unobserved workplace heterogeneity. I find that gender diversity is associated with lower employee well-being among women in several of the equations estimated. The magnitudes of the estimated effects also tend to increase with (women's) group size. Workplace equality policies do not appear to ameliorate these effects.

Working Conditions and Three Types of Well-Being: A Longitudinal Study With Self-Report and Rating Data.

The mean of self-report and observer ratings of working conditions was used to predict 3 types of well-being in 52 young workers: general well-being, job-related well-being, and spillover from work to nonwork domains. Longitudinally, job control predicted spillover. There was no strong evidence for reverse causation. Synchronously, Time 2 job stressors predicted all types of well-being, and job control predicted general well-being. Because dependent variables at Time 1 are controlled for, this indicates short-term effects. Results for stressors are in line with a stress reaction model, indicating a rather quick symptom development but reversibility. The effect of control on spillover, however, suggests a sleeper effect model, with symptoms appearing with delay.

Well-being of intensive care nurses (WEBIC): a job analytic approach.

This paper presents the results of a validation study of the so-called well-being of intensive care nurses (WEBIC)-questionnaire that is designed to perform a detailed job analysis of intensive care unit (ICU) nurses' jobs. The WEBIC-questionnaire is based on modern sociotechnical systems theory, and distinguishes four integrated task categories: (1) operational, (2) organizing, (3) preparatory, and (4) supportive tasks. For each task, the WEBIC assesses (1) how demanding this task is, and (2) how satisfying the performance of this task is. Using the WEBIC, information is gathered about ICU nurses' qualitative workload, and typical job-related risks for ICU nurses' well-being at work can be mapped. A cross-sectional survey on work and well-being of almost 2000 ICU-nurses in 13 different European areas was conducted. Exploratory factor analyses were performed to study the validity of the factorial structure of the WEBIC-questionnaire. The construct validity of the WEBIC-questionnaire was studied by performing hierarchical multiple regression analyses of the WEBIC-factors on two types of job-related well-being, i.e. burnout and general job satisfaction. Results of the exploratory factor analyses showed that the hypothesized four-factor structure of the WEBIC is confirmed by our data. Internal consistencies of the different factors varied from 0.77 to 0.91. Intensive care unit nurses' most central (operational) tasks turned out to pose the greatest demands, but also seemed to drive their satisfaction. With respect to the relationships between the four WEBIC-factors, and burnout and general job satisfaction, it was found that, especially for the satisfying tasks, significant relationships with these outcomes were found. The reliability and construct validity of the WEBIC-questionnaire can be considered satisfactory. Furthermore, the questionnaire provides a systematical and detailed coverage of ICU nurses' tasks. In relation to this, the questionnaire is not only useful for scientific purposes but also for practical use.

Stress among Farm Women: A Structural Model Approach

Research on the relationship between job-related stress and well-being has focused largely on organizational work contexts. Using a Dutch sample, we examined stress in a typical family business setting--the family farm--to explore how the farm wife's contribution to farm work is related to her well-being. We used LISREL to test an explanatory model based on the Michigan stress approach. In this model, farm women's farm contributions and their predictors, perceived role and financial stressors, husband support, self-esteem, and mental and physical health complaints were included. The results show that husband support is more important for farm women's well-being than the role-related or financial stressors. The implications of the findings are briefly discussed.