Japanese Colony Research Articles

Becoming Visible

Systematic entomology as the study and ordering of insect biodiversity is a material-based practice that relies on insect bodies as a resource. Especially large amounts of insect specimens were collected and traded globally in the decades surrounding the turn of the twentieth century, often relying on colonial infrastructures. Taking colonial-era Taiwan as a case study, this paper asks under which circumstances specific places became collecting sites. It takes a series of articles on the insect fauna of the island as a point of departure, titled H. Sauter’s Formosa-Ausbeute after the German naturalist who sent the specimens around the world in the early twentieth century. It explores how collecting specimens was entangled with colonial infrastructure projects, insect policies, and forest-based industries. After Taiwan became a Japanese colony in 1895, newly constructed railways, including push car lines and logging trains, gave naturalists access to inner frontiers. Conversely, insects moved into the spotlight by disrupting these same infrastructures. A rush into the mountains was brought on by the island’s abundance in old growth forests, as evergreen trees such as camphor laurels became valuable export resources. The location of insect collecting sites was determined not just by ecological factors but by forest-based industries and colonial policies as well. As ancient trees were felled and aboriginal peoples violently displaced, insect collectors followed colonial infrastructures into the mountains, resulting in what a German entomologist called the “mass fabrication” of articles about Taiwan’s insect fauna.

Contested Memories of the Past: The Politics of History Textbooks in Taiwan

A Japanese colony from 1895 to 1945, and then a retreat for the defeated Nationalist government beginning in 1949, Taiwan has been struggling to find its identity. Remnants of this identity crisis can be seen in political realm, with its extreme polarization on various social, political, and historical issues. This article explores the ongoing textbook controversy in Taiwan, situating it in evolving domestic and international contexts. It suggests that Taiwan society’s representation of its colonial and Cold War past is highly contested, which was influenced by democratization. It attempts to provide an overview of the course of the textbook controversy in Taiwan from a historical perspective, and to show the reactions from educators, students, and the general public. Through an analysis of the different ways that Taiwan’s history was interpreted and represented in its history textbooks, this article shows how these factors help construct Taiwan’s contested identity.

Japanese Literature in the 20th Century and Dalian

This book focuses on the relationship between the Japanese colony of Dalian and Japanese literature in the 20th century. In the urban space of Dalian, the relationship between Japanese writers’ colonial experience and literary creation is revealed. The author discusses Japanese literature in Dalian by dividing it into two eras：the prewar-war period and the postwar one up until today. Dalian has become a city that is both exotic and modern at the same time, having undergone grandiose urban planning undertaken by the Soviet Union and redevelopment on the part of Japan. Meanwhile, behind such prosperity, the Chinese have lived a life of poverty and misery. Dalian, a modern city where prosperity and poverty are cheek by jowl, is an urban space in which Japanese writers created literature, and this book positions this Japanese work in the field of colonial literature.

Making a Modern U.S. West: The Contested Terrain of a Region and Its Borders, 1893–1940 by Sarah Deutsch

Reviewed by: Making a Modern U.S. West: The Contested Terrain of a Region and Its Borders, 1893–1940 by Sarah Deutsch William G. Robbins MAKING A MODERN U.S. WEST: THE CONTESTED TERRAIN OF A REGION AND ITS BORDERS, 1893–1940 by Sarah Deutsch University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, 2022. Bibliography, index, notes. 656 pages. $50.00 cloth. Making a Modern U.S. West, a volume in the University of Nebraska Press History of the American West Series, covers the period from the 1890s to the eve of World War II. The first of the four chronological sections covers the federal government’s organization of its new continental and overseas empire and the lives of people in its territories. The second section treats trans-border movements involving corporate money, organized labor, women’s suffrage, and government and capital suppression during World War I. Part three focuses on speculative investment in natural resources and tourism in the 1920s, and the fourth part involves the deportation of Mexican laborers, New Deal efforts to organize union workers, and John Collier and the Indian Reorganization Act. To slow speculative activity in public lands, Congress passed the Federal Reserve Act in 1891, permitting the president to withdraw federal forests from the public domain. The problem, Sarah Deutsch writes, was that forests were “under the purview of the Department of Agriculture, which had no foresters. The Department of the Interior had foresters but no reserves” (p. 41). In fact, the opposite was true, the forest reserves were under the Interior Department and foresters were in the Department of Agriculture. President Theodore Roosevelt transferred the forests to the Department of Agriculture in 1905 under Chief Forester Gifford Pinchot and the Forest Service. Deutsch misidentifies the Homestead Act (1862) with the Enlarged Homestead Act of 1909, the legislation designed to settle the arid West. The act doubled land grants to 320 acres, attracting an inrush of homesteaders to arid regions. A period of extended drought “forced three-quarters of those who had arrived since 1916 to leave” (p. 133). The great American dilemma, race, functioned differently depending on location. Deutsch identifies conflicting and inconsistent accounts in federal commissions involving the classification of Mexicans. An Industrial Commission report in 1901 grouped Mexicans and Indians as “foreign whites,” while most of its commentary focused on Chinese and Japanese immigrants who dominated the news. When commissioners learned that Mexicans composed one-third of maintenance workers on Southwest railroads, they devoted one paragraph in the 800-page report to “Mexican peon labor.” The Dillingham Commission in 1911 complained about the lack of data on Mexicans in the United States but still devoted a few pages to Mexicans as an unprogressive race but intelligent enough for common jobs. Deusch devotes considerable attention to cross-border revolutions, giving greater attention to the Southwest than insurgencies north of the forty-ninth parallel. She offers an important reality about the southern border: “The Mexican Revolution laid bare that the history of the Mexican North and the U.S. Southwest were inseparable” (p. 132). Radical democratic movements existed across both southern and northern borders. Women’s movements followed similar trajectories, Montana electing the first woman to Congress in 1916, Canadians electing the first woman to sit in a legislature in the British Empire, and two Mexican states sponsoring Mexico’s first women’s congresses. The federal government joined with western corporations in suppressing the Industrial Workers of America and the Non-Partisan League when the United States entered World War I. To tell the story of the Northwest lumber industry, the government’s organization of the Loyal [End Page 404] Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen, and the suppression of unions, the author relies on Harold Hyman’s nearly sixty-year-old book, Soldiers and Spruce (1963). Making a Modern U.S. West explains the conflicted state and federal efforts to marginalize Indians’ and other minorities’ rights to land ownership. Deutsch cites John Collier’s importance as a forceful proponent of fighting for the integrity of Pueblo lands. During the 1920s, fears about Japanese land ownership among White landowners along the West Coast prompted California to worry that the state was becoming a Japanese colony. Legislatures in...

A STUDY ON THE INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE (ICH) PROCESS AND THE METHOD OF CONSERVATION OF CULTURES IN SOUTH KOREA

Kore, coğrafi konumu nedeniyle Kore Savaşı (1950-1953)’nın gerçekleştiği yıllara kadar çevresindeki yakın ülkelerin sömürgeciliğe varan saldırılarına maruz kalmıştır. Sömürge altında yaşadığı dönemlerde toprağını sömüren ülkenin kültürlerini hatta yaşam biçimlerini kabul etmek zorunda kalmıştır. Örneğin Çin’in etkisi altında kaldığı dönemlerde (M.Ö 109) Kore yarımadası, Çin’in dinini, dilini hatta siyasi düzenini bile benimseyerek yaşamıştır. Yakın tarihte Japon sömürgesi (1910-1945) altında yaşamış olan Kore, bu dönemde Japonya’nın çeşitli baskılarına maruz kalmıştır. Japonya’nın uyguladığı baskılarda amaç Kore halkının, kendi kültürüne karşı yabancılaşması ve Japon kültürünü yaygınlaştırmaktır. Bu nedenle Kore, sömürge dönemlerinde kendi geleneksel kültürlerinin değişime uğrayacağını düşünerek geleneksel soyut kültürlerini korumaya çalışmıştır. Bu amaçla çeşitli kurumların ve eğitim merkezlerinin açılmasına destek vermiştir. Güney Kore Hükümeti, 2005 yılında UNESCO’nun Somut Olmayan Kültürel Miraslar sözleşmesini imzalayarak soyut kültürel varlıklarının yerel ve uluslararası düzeyde bilirliğini arttırmayı amaçlamıştır. Bu makale çalışmasında, Güney Kore Hükümeti’nin somut olmayan kültürel miraslarını korumak için kurduğu kurumlar, her yıl düzenli olarak gerçekleştirdiği festivaller ve programlar ele alınmıştır. Böylelikle Güney Kore Hükümetinin geleneksel somut olmayan kültürlerini nasıl korudukları hakkında genel bir araştırma yapılmıştır.

문화재 명칭의 ‘寺址’ 사용 연원과 개선안 연구

The purpose of this study was to consider the beginning and origin of the use of ‘Saji(寺址)’ used as a term of tangible cultural properties, and propose an plan for improvement, by finding out problems. The terms of cultural properties should be crated for people to easily understand and remember. The ‘Saji’, however, has many homophones, so it would be difficult to understand it, unless the Chinese character is simultaneously written. Although the original Korean nouns, such as ‘Jeolteo’, ‘Sagi(寺 基)’ and ‘Saji(寺址)’ are synonyms, ‘Sagi(寺基)’ was used as the transcription of ‘Jeolteo’ in the data produced before the creation of Hangeul, while ‘Saji(寺址)’ seems to be used, as Japanese attached it to the names of our cultural p roperties, a fter t he p eriod of J apanese colony. T he t erm ‘Jeolteo’ may be easily understood as the name of cultural properties, so this study proposed that it is better to attach ‘Jeolteo’ to the names of cultural properties, rather than ‘Saji’. The types of how ‘Saji’ is combined with the names can be divided into two: ‘Sa’ of the proper noun ‘Hwangryongsaji’ cannot be separated, so only ‘ji’ should be replaced by ‘teo’‘ ; ’Saji’ should be replaced by ‘Jeolteo’, for ‘Jahangrisaji’, the type in which the word ‘Saji’ is combined with the proper noun ’Janghangri’ The meaning of ‘Saji’ might be understood, when Chinese characters were often used or they were simultaneously written. Now, however, they are not simultaneously written in most cases, and moreover, many generations cannot understand them. It is desirable to change the names of cultural properties into those which every people can easily understand. Furthermore, it is also necessary to remove ‘Saji’, as the term is a trace of the Japanese colony.

신해혁명과 한국 - 한인 지사 金秉萬의 河南에서의 활동을 중심으로 -

This article closely tracks the activities of Kim Byung-man (金秉萬, 1872-1932), a Korean independence activist who fled to Henan(河南) province of China in November 1909, just before Korea became a Japanese colony. Having insisted on the restoration of the Joseon Dynasty and the implementation of the constitutional monarchy, he turned into a republican immediately after the exile through active exchanges with local Chinese revolutionary leaders such as Yang Yuanmao(楊源懋), and Liu Jixun(劉積勛). He also interacted with the revolutionary movement leaders in Henan and Shandong(山東) provinces, and responded to theirs requests for support in cooperation with Cho Seonghwan(曺成煥), who were active in Beijing at that time. Kim Byung-man’s thought and activities show the influences of the Xinhai Revolution on Korea, as well as the Koreans’ widespread support for the revolutionary movements not only in the principal centers of the revolution like Guangdong(廣東), Shanghai(上海), or Nanjing(南京), but also in other parts of China. In this sense, the Xinhai Revolution was not just a republican revolution of a particular country China, but a republican revolution of all of East Asia.

From the Berlin Olympics marathon to a park in Seoul: Sohn Kee-Chung and the construction of sports heritage in South Korea

Runner Sohn Kee-chung (1912–2002) was a top athlete in the mid-1930s who won the marathon in the 1936 Berlin Olympics. Sohn was a Korean, yet he competed for Japan because Korea was a Japanese colony. To his contemporaries and in post-colonial Korea, Sohn became an admirable symbol of anti-colonial resistance, yet, at the turn of the 21st century anxieties have surfaced following indications that his place in national collective memory may not be stable. I identify that meaningful moment and argue that the challenge to Sohn’s iconic image sparked a major commemorative wave to memorialize him and confirm his status as a national hero through concrete representations. I demonstrate how the related sites create through Sohn a sports heritage that celebrates the Korean nation and the values of reunification and peace, yet at the same time actually anchors South Korea’s legitimacy vis-à-vie the rival sister to the north.

Establishment of Shrines and Shrine Policy for Japanese Colony of Karafuto

본 연구는 가라후토에 있어서 신사의 창건과 신사정책은 일본 정부의 가라후토의 개척과 일본인 이주라는 상호 밀접한 관계 속에서 추진되었음을 인지하고 그 특징을 밝혀보고자 하였다. 에도시대 후기에는 어장과 상업교역에 종사하는 일본인은 에도막부로부터 허가를 받으면 가라후토에서 거주가 가능하였다. 그래서 어장 개발이 추진되었던 구？？코탄이라는 지역에는 일본인이 거주하며 생활하였고 신불습합의 벤텐샤라는 신사가 많이 창건되었다. 1910년에 가라후토에서는 처음으로 국가가 공인하는 신사로서 관폐대사 가라후토신사가 창립되었고 개척에 관련된 신들을 제신으로 모셨다. 이는 1910년에 들어 가라후토청이 일본 내지로부터 개척과 농업 이주를 적극적으로 추진한 것과 관계가 있다. 하지만 농업 이주는 순탄하지 못했고, 1915년까지 가라후토에서의 ‘척식=개척과 식민’은 어업이 중심이었다. 1920년에 들어 제지･펄프 산업이 발전하면서 공업제품의 생산량 증가와 함께 일본인 이주자도 큰 폭으로 상승세를 보였다. 1921년에 가라후토청은 신사규칙을 공포하고 시행하였는데 1921년 한 해에만 창립허가를 받은 신사는 30곳이었다. 이는 척식에 의한 가라후토의 공업발전과 함께 일본인의 이주 정착이 증가하였고 이에 따라 신사의 창건도 증가하였음을 의미한다. 그리고 신사가 많이 창립된 곳은 가라후토의 주요 산업이라 할 수 있는 어업과 제지･펄프 공업이 개발되고 발전한 지역이었다. 이상과 같은 근거를 토대로 가라후토의 신사는 ‘개척’과 ‘경제적 목적으로 일본인을 이주시키는’=‘척식’과 밀접한 관련성을 가지고 있음을 제시하였다.

"The Book "" The History and Custom of Taiwan Indigenous Peoples "" and the Formation of the Indigenous Educational Policy in the Early Days of the Japanese Colonial Period "

<p>本文主要目的在於從《臺灣蕃人事情》報告，來看日治初期官方原住民教育政策之形成。《臺灣蕃人事情》是民政部事務囑託伊能嘉矩和粟野傳之丞呈給民政長官後藤新平的覆命書，此覆命書係為實施蕃人教育預作準備。本書大部分內容由人類學調查所組成，可作為從人類學的角度看待教育的特殊視角。在蕃人教育措施準備上，覆命書中提及針對各族原住民「開化發達」的程度不同，給予適當之教育措施。對照日本總督府隨後原住民教育政策之發展，覆命書確實有其若合符節之處，也有差異之處。會有差異之處的原因，在於殖產部門所管轄的原住民區域，發展出與文教部門不同的原住民教育措施。</p> <p> </p><p>The main purpose of this article is to analyze the relation between the formation of the official indigenous education policy in the early period of Japanese colony and the report “The History and Custom of Taiwan Indigenous Peoples ". “The History and Custom of Taiwan Indigenous Peoples “was the official report for the Chief of the Civil Affairs, Goto Shinpei, by two officials of Department of Civil Affairs, Ino Kanori and Suo Chuanji. The purpose of survey was the preparations for educating indigenous peoples. Most part of this report was based on field study, which could help to see education from an anthropological perspective. For establishing an education system for indigenous peoples, it divided to the different levels of civilization of each different ethnic group of indigenous peoples, and then gave each an appropriate education. Comparing the subsequent development of the indigenous education system that Taiwan Governor’s Office of Japanese initiated, it found there were some similarity and difference between the official report and the practical policy. The reason for the difference based on the development of indigenous educational policy that was different from the educational unit in the indigenous areas under the jurisdiction of the developmental department.</p> <p> </p>

Citizen Policing in Chinese Societies: A Preliminary Comparative Study on the Models of Citizens’ Participation in Policing in China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan

Abstract This article aims to conduct a preliminary comparative study on different models of citizens’ participation in Chinese societies. In examining citizen policing in Chinese societies, this article covers the major geographical locations in China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. By using thematic analysis, this article has identified three main themes to assess volunteer policing in three Chinese societies, which all connect to the concepts of institutions and social capital: institutional development, institutional impact, and Guanxi as a common socio-cultural challenge. The role of citizens in law enforcement work is contextualized in the different forms of governments in these three societies. In China, there is a lack of legislature at the central level to regulate auxiliary police forces. The local governments developed various forms of auxiliary police systems monitored by public security authorities. Hong Kong, due to its former status as a British colony, has developed a well-established model of the modern auxiliary police system. In Taiwan, the auxiliary police system was influenced by both Chinese institutional development and the Japanese colony; however, a lack of detailed legislature at the local level is found, which has impacted the implementation of volunteer policing. Despite the difference, three of them all have faced the common challenges affected by Guanxi, which is the rudimentary dynamic in personalized social networks of power and is a crucial system of beliefs in Chinese culture. The author concludes that the institutional factors and Guanxi are important determinants of successful implementation of volunteer policing in three Chinese societies.

Wybrane komponenty współczesnej mentalności koreańskiej związane z grzecznością

Selected components of contemporary Korean mentality related to politeness In the twentieth century, Korea had a violent change in its history. Initially, Korea lost its independence and became a Japanese colony. It regained freedom after the defeat of Japan, but soon, the Korean War broke out. From that time until today, Korea has been divided into two parts: the southern one and the northern one. After the war, South Korea was a country under military dictatorship for a long time. South Korea after the Korean War belonged to one of the poorest countries over the world. In the present time, however, South Korea has become a country that has a great impact on the global economy. This change in history had a huge impact (positively and negatively) on the mentality of Koreans. The aim of my article is to present the economic development of South Korea from a Confucian point of view and to analyze the impact of Korean history in the twentieth century on the mentality of Koreans and its operation in Korean society (work ethos and ethos of science, Korean language, etc.).

Направление хянтхосэк в корейской живописи: искусство в условиях колониального режима

Korea lost its independence in 1910 and remained a Japanese colony until 1945. During the colonial period, the main theme in Korean painting was ’Hyangt’osaek’ or “local color”. ‘Hyangt’osaek’ is a series of paintings on the ethnographic features of Korea theme, images of the country and people; artists painted views of the Korean countryside, women, and children in traditional costumes. Paintings on the theme of “local color” were shown at the Joseon Art Exhibition, the country’s only regular major exhibition, which from 1922 to 1944 was conducted by the Japanese government. The study presents the essence of ’Hyangt’osaek’ painting and reveals what guided the artists when they were choosing the subjects of their works, the criteria which the Japanese jury presented to the paintings, the reasons why the jury of the exhibition and the Japanese government encouraged the theme of “local color”, and what kind of an image the works have formed.

"The Book The History and Custom of Taiwan Indigenous Peoples and the Formation of the Indigenous Educational Policy in the Early Days of the Japanese Colonial Period "

<p>本文主要目的在於從《臺灣蕃人事情》報告，來看日治初期官方原住民教育政策之形成。《臺灣蕃人事情》是民政部事務囑託伊能嘉矩和粟野傳之丞呈給民政長官後藤新平的覆命書，此覆命書係為實施蕃人教育預作準備。本書大部分內容由人類學調查所組成，可作為從人類學的角度看待教育的特殊視角。在蕃人教育措施準備上，覆命書中提及針對各族原住民「開化發達」的程度不同，給予適當之教育措施。對照日本總督府隨後原住民教育政策之發展，覆命書確實有其若合符節之處，也有差異之處。會有差異之處的原因，在於殖產部門所管轄的原住民區域，發展出與文教部門不同的原住民教育措施。</p> <p> </p><p>The main purpose of this article is to analyze the relation between the formation of the official indigenous education policy in the early period of Japanese colony and the report “The History and Custom of Taiwan Indigenous Peoples ". “The History and Custom of Taiwan Indigenous Peoples “was the official report for the Chief of the Civil Affairs, Goto Shinpei, by two officials of Department of Civil Affairs, Ino Kanori and Suo Chuanji. The purpose of survey was the preparations for educating indigenous peoples. Most part of this report was based on field study, which could help to see education from an anthropological perspective. For establishing an education system for indigenous peoples, it divided to the different levels of civilization of each different ethnic group of indigenous peoples, and then gave each an appropriate education. Comparing the subsequent development of the indigenous education system that Taiwan Governor’s Office of Japanese initiated, it found there were some similarity and difference between the official report and the practical policy. The reason for the difference based on the development of indigenous educational policy that was different from the educational unit in the indigenous areas under the jurisdiction of the developmental department.</p> <p> </p>

Preliminary Examination of the Temür kerem-Publication of the Command of the Mongoli an Army during the Japanese Colony

Preliminary Examination of the Temür kerem-Publication of the Command of the Mongoli an Army during the Japanese Colony

Plan composition and actual conditions of official university residences in former Showa‐Cho during the Japanese colonial period in Taiwan

AbstractIn 1895 (Meiji 28), Taiwan was ceded from the Qing dynasty to become a Japanese territory, and it remained a Japanese colony for the next 51 years, until 1945. During this period, many “Japanese‐style houses” were built throughout Taiwan for Japanese immigrants. As senior civil servants, the faculty members of the Taipei Imperial University were provided with official residences. However, as the number of immigrants increased, the number of official residences did not increase proportionally, and a housing shortage ensued. As the demand for individual residences gradually increased, the residents themselves took the initiative, proposing and developing a residential area. The former Showa‐Cho area was selected as a suitable location for official university residences primarily intended for the faculty members of the Taipei Imperial University because it was within walking distance of the educational institutions. This study clarifies the background, process, and reasons for building official university residences in former Showa‐Cho, from the time when the faculty members of the Taipei Imperial University arrived in Taiwan until individual residences were built in 1929. Further, the features and composition of the plans and as the actual conditions of the official residences built by the Taipei Imperial University are examined.

Horai Rice in the Making of Japanese Colonial Taiwan

Author(s): Leow, Wei Yi | Abstract: In 1912, Eikichi Iso arrived to serve as a plant breeder in the Japanese colony of Taiwan. Iso and his researchers developed crossbred Horai rice that produced the round grains desired by Japanese consumers. This article explains how Horai rice made Taiwan into an economically viable possession of the Japanese Empire. Iso matched the terrain and conditions of Taiwan to the regions of the Japanese home islands closest in character, and the varieties from each region were selected for experimentation at field stations located in the matching Taiwanese region. The experiments yielded new varieties of rice that fostered trade relations between Taiwan and the home islands. This change brought about higher incomes but also increased costs for the farmers. The addition of a new cash crop unsettled Japanese attempts to manage the sugar industry, instigating greater state intervention in rice markets, even as war demand meant that Taiwanese rice became indispensable. The success of Horai gave Taiwan an identity as a rice colony, which its leaders sought to leverage as expertise to colonize newly conquered Hainan. The movement of people, ideas, and the genetic materials of rice plants created a “Japanized” Taiwan that in turn expanded beyond the shores of the island colony. Keywords: Taiwan, Japanese Empire, history of agriculture, history of science, rice, Horai, genetics

To my daughter

To my daughter Jinhee Han (bio) To my daughter is inspired by the historical issue of the “comfort women” who served Japanese troops in South Korea during the 1940s when Korea was a Japanese colony. During this time, the Japanese government treated female Korean teenagers as sex slaves for members of the Japanese military. In 2016, global pressure built around the issue and calls were made for Japan to apologize to the women involved and to ask for their forgiveness. In several places in South Korea and some cities in foreign countries, statues have been erected to remember the historical fact of the comfort women victims of Japanese troops (see, e.g., the monument Pyeoungwaui Sonyeosang [lit. “A peace monument”] shown in figure 1). My piece, To my daughter, written for B-flat trumpet and bass trombone, is itself a monument dedicated to the comfort women victims and speaks with empathy about the sadness of their history and hope for justice. The music is constructed on an incomplete B-flat chromatic scale, using vowel sounds as a symbol of suppression; each section repeats certain phrases in a search for freedom. For more detailed information on the comfort women, please visit http://www.truetruth.org/know/know.htm. Click for larger view View full resolution Fig. 1. Pyeoungwaui Sonyeosang. Photograph used under Creative Commons license. http://cafe.daum.net/_c21_/bbs_search_read?grpid=1LBcw&fldid=SXjG&datanum=9983 [End Page 63] Click for larger view View full resolution [End Page 65] Click for larger view View full resolution [End Page 70] Jinhee Han jinhee han is a New York City–based composer from Seoul, South Korea. She holds a master’s degree from Hanyang University and a professional studies diploma from Mannes School of Music at the New School under the direction of Robert Cuckson. She currently serves as founder and director of the Asian Women Composers Association in New York City, where she collaborates with a variety of talented musical projects from various countries, such as Lilac94, the Half Moon Project, Concrete Timbre, and Cobalt. She is a member of the New York Composers’ Circle. Her recent publications include Ya-Li Ya-Li Ya-la Shung for soprano and flute by Diaphonia Edition in Italy and Yaygara for trumpet solo. Selected collaborations include Habitat Home NYC 2019 and the forthcoming book New Music with Brahms Guitar, CD volume 1. She has been admitted to the doctor of musical arts degree program in composition beginning in the fall of 2020 at Boston University College of Fine Arts School of Music. Copyright © 2020 Suzanne G. Cusick

From Japanese Colony to Sacred Chinese Territory: Taiwan’s Geostrategic Significance to China

This paper shows that while China now attaches geostrategic importance to Taiwan, it has not always done so. It has only accorded such significance to Taiwan in the post-Mao era. By reviewing how Taiwan became a Japanese colony, how it came under the control of Chiang Kai-shek’s government, and how it came to be seen by the government of the People’s Republic of China as a sacred territory before being deemed geostrategically significant, this paper seeks to demonstrate that Taiwan’s importance to China is not based on geography, an immutable factor. Instead, it was the result of contingencies of history and the changed calculations of succeeding governments in China. This leads to the important conclusion that the geostrategic importance the Chinese government now attaches to Taiwan may change if the Chinese leadership alters its strategic calculus or if the government itself is replaced.

일제강점기 한국 고대 건국신화에 대한 이해와 인식 - ‘滿鮮史’와 日鮮同祖論을 중심으로 -

일제강점기 한국 고대 건국신화에 대한 이해와 인식 - ‘滿鮮史’와 日鮮同祖論을 중심으로 -