ITS Types Research Articles

Categorization of mHealth Coaching Technologies for Children or Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: Systematic Review.

Managing type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents can be difficult for parents, health care professionals, and even patients. However, over the last decades, the quality of services provided to patients with diabetes has increased due to advances in IT. This study aims to comprehensively document the range of IT tools used in the management of diabetes among children and adolescents, with a focus on identifying the technologies most commonly used based on their frequency. In addition, the study aims to explore relevant methodologies for developing diabetes technology and provide valuable information to developers by delineating essential phases of the design process. The literature search was focused on MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, and Google Scholar for relevant studies. Keywords such as "type 1 diabetes," "adolescents," "kids," "mHealth," "children," and "coaching" were combined using Boolean operators. The inclusion criteria were open access, English-language papers published between 2012 and 2023 focusing on patients younger than 18 years and aligned with our research goal. The exclusion criteria included irrelevant topics and papers older than 18 years. By applying the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method, 2080 studies were recognized, and after selection, 33 papers were agreed upon between the researchers. Four primary categories were defined: types of IT, methodology identification, purpose identification, and feature determination. Among these, mobile health (mHealth) apps emerged as the predominant type of information, garnering 27 mentions. In particular, user-centered design was identified as the most prevalent methodology, cited 22 times. The primary purpose of self-monitoring blood glucose values was mentioned 20 times, while patient education was the highest among common characteristics, with 23 mentions. Based on our research, we advocate for developers to focus on creating an mHealth app that integrates gamification techniques to develop innovative diabetes management solutions. This app should include vital functionalities such as blood glucose monitoring, strategies to improve hemoglobin A1c levels, carbohydrate tracking, and comprehensive educational materials for patients and caregivers. By prioritizing these features, developers can enhance the usability and effectiveness of the technology, thereby better supporting children or adolescents with diabetes in their daily management endeavors.

Anxiety and Depression in Advanced and Metastatic Lung Cancer Patients-Correlations with Performance Status and Type of Treatment.

Background and Objectives: The treatment of advanced and metastatic lung cancer is multimodal, and it is coordinated by a multidisciplinary team. Anxiety and depression occur frequently in patients with lung cancer, creating considerable discomfort in therapeutic management. At the same time, these psychoemotional symptoms affect the patients' quality of life. Objective: This research seeks to identify correlations both between anxiety and depression and the patients' performance statuses, as well as between anxiety and depression and the type of treatment: radiotherapy, chemotherapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), immunotherapy and palliative care. Materials and Methods: The study evaluated 105 patients with lung cancer from two oncologic centers. Patients were assessed for anxiety and depression using the questionnaire Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The HADS is a self-report rating scale of 14 items. It measures anxiety and depression, and has two subscales. There are seven items for each subscale. There are 4-point Likert scale ranging from 0 to 3. For each subscale, the score is the sum of the seven items, ranging from 0 to 21. Results: The most powerful correlation with statistical significance was observed between the IT type of treatment (immunotherapy) and the normal level of anxiety, PC = 0.82 (p < 0.001) as well as the normal level of depression. Palliative treatment was correlated with anxiety and depression, both borderline and abnormal. For ECOG 3-4 performance status and abnormal anxiety, respectively, abnormal depression was significantly associated. Also, continuous hospitalization was associated with abnormal anxiety and depression. Conclusions: Early assessments of anxiety and depression are necessary in patients with advanced and metastatic lung cancer, with unfavorable performance status, who have been admitted to continuous hospitalization, and who require palliative care.

병원행정직원들의 MBTI 성격유형이 직무만족, 조직몰입에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of MBTI personality types on job satisfaction and organizational commitment among administrative workers at hospital-level medical institutions. As for the research method, 140 structured questionnaires were used in the final analysis, focusing on research subjects who agreed to the questionnaire, targeting administrative staff at hospitals located in Busan and Ulsan. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and correlation were used using the SPSS 27.0 program. Analysis, multiple regression analysis was performed. The results of the study showed that in job satisfaction, the NT type was higher than the ST type in system-related satisfaction (p=.028), and in emotional commitment, the NF type was higher than the ST type (p=.033). This significant difference appeared. In terms of decision-making type, the EF type was found to have significant differences in job satisfaction and organizational commitment compared to the IT and IF types. Based on these research results, the NF emotional type was found to be more suitable to increase work satisfaction and organizational commitment of workers in health care institutions. Hospitals are institutions that provide medical services, and for efficient work response and patient safety, it is believed that it is necessary to confirm the satisfaction, emotional commitment, and continued commitment of hospital administrative staff with their work and system.

Measuring multi-year changes in the Symbiodiniaceae algae in Caribbean corals on coral-depleted reefs.

Monitoring coral cover can describe the ecology of reef degradation, but rarely can it reveal the proximal mechanisms of change, or achieve its full potential in informing conservation actions. Describing temporal variation in Symbiodiniaceae within corals can help address these limitations, but this is rarely a research priority. Here, we augmented an ecological time series of the coral reefs of St. John, US Virgin Islands, by describing the genetic complement of symbiotic algae in common corals. Seventy-five corals from nine species were marked and sampled in 2017. Of these colonies, 41% were sampled in 2018, and 72% in 2019; 28% could not be found and were assumed to have died. Symbiodiniaceae ITS2 sequencing identified 525 distinct sequences (comprising 42 ITS2 type profiles), and symbiont diversity differed among host species and individuals, but was in most cases preserved within hosts over 3 yrs that were marked by physical disturbances from major hurricanes (2017) and the regional onset of stony coral tissue loss disease (2019). While changes in symbiont communities were slight and stochastic over time within colonies, variation in the dominant symbionts among colonies was observed for all host species. Together, these results indicate that declining host abundances could lead to the loss of rare algal lineages that are found in a low proportion of few coral colonies left on many reefs, especially if coral declines are symbiont-specific. These findings highlight the importance of identifying Symbiodiniaceae as part of a time series of coral communities to support holistic conservation planning. Repeated sampling of tagged corals is unlikely to be viable for this purpose, because many Caribbean corals are dying before they can be sampled multiple times. Instead, random sampling of large numbers of corals may be more effective in capturing the diversity and temporal dynamics of Symbiodiniaceae metacommunities in reef corals.

Implementation of ICT Management System in Madrasah (Multi-Site Study of State Madrasah Aliyah (MAN) in the District of Central Tapanuli)

This study analyzes the differences and similarities in implementing ICT management systems in MAN Sekabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. This study used qualitative research methods with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that (1) The difference in planning in MAN 1 is more about problem identification, and MAN 2 is more about achieving goals. In comparison, MAN 3 is more about adjusting the needs of madrasahs, and implementation in MAN 1 prioritizes learning with laptops, projectors, and the internet. At the same time, MAN 2 has not been carried out optimally. At the same time, MAN 3 prioritizes the implementation of learning in mastering office materials, graphic design, and animation, and evaluation in MAN 1 is more about implementing supervision. MAN 2 is more about evaluating results. In comparison, MAN 3 is more about assessment. (2) The planning equation is carried out through teamwork, implementation by utilizing all types of IT based on the madrasah's needs, and evaluation is carried out as material for improvement. This study concludes that there are significant differences and similarities in implementing ICT systems, as assessed by planning, implementation, and evaluation.

Algal symbiont diversity in Acropora muricata from the extreme reef of Bouraké associated with resistance to coral bleaching.

Widespread coral bleaching has generally been linked to high water temperatures at larger geographic scales. However, the bleaching response can be highly variable among individual of the same species, between different species, and across localities; what causes this variability remains unresolved. Here, we tracked bleached and non-bleached colonies of Acropora muricata to see if they recovered or died following a stress event inside the semi-enclosed lagoon of Bouraké (New Caledonia), where corals are long-term acclimatized to extreme conditions of temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen, and at a nearby control reef where conditions are more benign. We describe Symbiodiniaceae community changes based on next-generation sequencing of the ITS2 marker, metabolic responses, and energetic reserve measures (12 physiological traits evaluated) during the La Niña warm and rainy summer in 2021. Widespread coral bleaching (score 1 and 2 on the coral colour health chart) was observed only in Bouraké, likely due to the combination of the high temperatures (up to 32°C) and heavy rain. All colonies (i.e., Bouraké and reference site) associated predominantly with Symbiodinaceae from the genera Cladocopium. Unbleached colonies in Bouraké had a specific ITS2-type profile (proxies for Symbiodiniaceae genotypes), while the bleached colonies in Bouraké had the same ITS2-type profile of the reef control colonies during the stress event. After four months, the few bleached colonies that survived in Bouraké (B2) acquired the same ITS2 type profiles of the unbleached colonies in Bouraké. In terms of physiological performances, all bleached corals showed metabolic depression (e.g., Pgross and Rdark). In contrast, unbleached colonies in Bouraké maintained higher metabolic rates and energetic reserves compared to control corals. Our study suggests that Acropora muricata enhanced their resistance to bleaching thanks to specific Symbiodiniaceae associations, while energetic reserves may increase their resilience after stress.

Inherited Thrombocytopenias Predisposing to Hematologic Neoplasms. Experience of the Spanish Group for Inherited Platelet Disorders (GEAPC)

Introduction In inherited thrombocytopenic disorders (IT) associated with germline genetic variants in the transcription factors RUNX1 (RUNX1-RT) and ETV6 (ETV6-RT) or ankyrin 26 (ANKRD26-RT), bleeding is usually not clinically relevant. However, patients have a high risk (10-45%) of developing hematologic malignancies (HM). Genetic diagnosis at an early stage of life is essential for these patients and their families, as the underlying genotype determines the natural history of the disease and, consequently, its prognosis and clinical management. High-Throughput Sequencing (HTS) has greatly facilitated diagnosing and providing personalized medicine for these patients. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency, clinical characteristics, platelet phenotype and molecular alterations of patients with IT predisposing to HM, within the series of IT patients recruited by the Spanish Group of Inherited Platelet Disorders (GEAPC). Methods Since 2008, we have enrolled 296 patients (174 families) suspected of having any type of IT. They were selected according to their clinical and biological background. Bleeding (bleeding score (BS); ISTH-BAT), complete blood count and smear, and in many patients platelet phenotyping (platelet aggregation (LTA), cytometry, microscopy, etc.) were performed. Sanger sequencing of candidate genes (until 2014) or HTS was used for genetic diagnosis of patients. Candidate genetic variants were classified in accordance with the ACMG/AMP criteria, also taking into account the adapted specifications for RUNX1. Results Genetic diagnosis was obtained in 208 patients (76.3%) (135 families), identifying 26 different types of IT. Thirty patients (17 families) had RUNX1-RT (14.4%), 16 (5 families) had ANKRD26-RT (7.7%) and 7 cases (4 families) had ETV6-RT (3.4%). In patients with RUNX1-RT, the median age at identification of cytopenia and at genetic diagnosis was 17 (0-56) and 27 (1-71) years, respectively. Mild-to-moderate thrombocytopenia (95x109 pl/L (15-142)) and mild bleeding (BS=2(0-12)) was observed in 89% of these patients. Of the 13 patients evaluated, 83.3% had a reduced LTA at 2µg/ml collagen and 80% had low levels of glycoprotein Ia (collagen receptor). We identified 15 different variants in RUNX1 (8 novel); 47% missense, 30% nonsense, 12% large deletions, 6% splicing and 6% frameshift. Sixty-five percent of the variants were classified as pathogenic (PV), 6% as likely pathogenic (LPV), and 29% of uncertain significance (VUS). In 7 cases the variant was de novo. Ten patients (33.3%) developed HM (median age 49 years) (Table 1). Of these, 53% had at least one family member with HM (AML, 53.5%; MDS, 10.7%; CML, 7.1%; AML-post-MDS, 3.6%) or solid tumor (breast cancer, 14.2% [50% BRCA2+]; prostate, 7.1%; stomach, 3.6%). In 16 cases with ANKRD26-RT, thrombocytopenia was identified at age 16 (0-60 years), while the genetic diagnosis was made at age 36 (0-79 years). In all cases the thrombocytopenia was moderate [median: 53.5x109 pl/L (8-119)], mostly asymptomatic (BS=1.5(0-12)) and not associated with platelet dysfunction (5 cases studied). We detected 3 different variants in the 5'UTR of ANKRD26 (1 LPV, 2 VUS). One patient had a de novo variant. Twenty-five percent developed neoplasia (3 HM cases; 1 breast cancer) at 42 years of age (median). Two of 5 families had a history of HM (MDS or AML) (Table 1). The ETV6-RT patients were genetically diagnosed at the age of 30 (3-59) years, while thrombocytopenia, moderate [97 x 109 cells/L (8-119)] and not associated with a bleeding diathesis (BS=0 (0-4)), was detected at the age of 12 (2-33) years. In one case, a defect in LTA, activation and platelet dense granule number was detected in platelet function studies. In this group we identified 4 different ETV6 missense variants (2 PV and 2 LPV/VUS). One patient developed B-ALL at the age of 12 years (Table 1). Conclusions Inherited thrombocytopenia that predisposes to HM is the most common form of IT in this Spanish cohort (25.5% of cases [19% of families]). We found an excessive delay (10-20 years) in the genetic diagnosis of patients with respect to the age of identification of the cytopenia. The high rate of development of HM of 28% reinforces the critical importance of early genetic diagnosis of these IT in order to apply optimal surveillance and clinical management aimed at early detection of their evolution to neoplasm.

Oxidative stress responses of the scleractinian coral Acropora digitifera from the tropical Bidong Island, Malaysia - focus on protein thiol groups' detection

Over the past 40 years, recurrent episodes of coral bleaching have been observed around the world, which have led to coral reef degradation. The investigation of several biomarkers' responses is essential to understand the phenomenon. The present field experiment study was conducted on nine healthy colonies of the scleractinian coral Acropora digitifera collected in Bidong Island (north-eastern Peninsular Malaysia) between 2019 and 2020 to evaluate their oxidative stress status through the assessment of Symbiodiniaceae (SD) density, antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid oxidation, and protein thiol, with special emphasis on temperature. This study revealed that the presence of the dominant SD ITS2 type C3 from 2019 to 2020 suggests that the relationship between A. digitifera and the genus Cladocopium remains unaffected by the temperature. Concomitantly, there was no significant increase in antioxidant enzyme activities (glutathione S-transferase and catalase) with temperature, indicating that A. digitifera was capable of managing oxidative stress even in a warm environment. The monthly mean antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were lowest in July 2020 and then increased significantly in the subsequent sampling month, indicating a biochemical regulation to maintain cellular homeostasis. Meanwhile, the level of sensitive protein thiol was highest at 30.8 °C and significantly reduced up to 60% as temperature fluctuated, showing that proteins undergo only a small range of oxidative modifications. In addition, we found a weak negative correlation between SD density and thiol content, which may indicate that (1) the presence of SD constantly causes subtle oxidative pressure on coral hosts and (2) the presence of high SD density increases the potential for thiol oxidation. We conclude that there is no direct evidence of A. digitifera experiencing considerable oxidative stress and cellular damage, provided the rate of disturbance remains low.

A Multi-Task Classification Method for Application Traffic Classification Using Task Relationships

As IT technology advances, the number and types of applications, such as SNS, content, and shopping, have increased across various fields, leading to the emergence of complex and diverse application traffic. As a result, the demand for effective network operation, management, and analysis has increased. In particular, service or application traffic classification research is an important area of study in network management. Web services are composed of a combination of multiple applications, and one or more application traffic can be mixed within service traffic. However, most existing research only classifies application traffic by service unit, resulting in high misclassification rates and making detailed management impossible. To address this issue, this paper proposes three multitask learning methods for application traffic classification using the relationships among tasks composed of browsers, protocols, services, and application units. The proposed methods aim to improve classification performance under the assumption that there are relationships between tasks. Experimental results demonstrate that by utilizing relationships between various tasks, the proposed method can classify applications with 4.4%p higher accuracy. Furthermore, the proposed methods can provide network administrators with information about multiple perspectives with high confidence, and the generalized multitask methods are freely portable to other backbone networks.

Tragopogon pratensis: Multiple introductions to North America, circumscription, and the formation of the allotetraploid T. miscellus

AbstractTragopogon (Asteraceae) includes two recently and repeatedly formed allopolyploids, T. mirus and T. miscellus, both of which formed in western North America following the human‐mediated introduction of three diploids from Europe: T. dubius, T. porrifolius, and T. pratensis. We recently investigated the genetics of the introduction history to North America of T. dubius, the shared parent of both allopolyploids. Here, we investigate the introduction of T. pratensis into North America, the second diploid parent of T. miscellus. Using ITS sequence data, we found that T. pratensis as currently defined in the narrow sense is polyphyletic and comprises at least four different major ITS types in its native range. Of these native range ITS patterns, two have been introduced from Europe into North America and now occur widely across Canada and the U.S.A. Although the allotetraploid T. miscellus formed multiple times in western North America, only one of these ITS types was involved in the recurrent formations. These results for T. pratensis parallel our findings for T. dubius and further suggest that not all genotypes of these two species may be able to participate in the formation of allopolyploids. Our phylogenetic analyses reveal that several entities traditionally considered part of T. pratensis in the narrow sense are genetically distinct and mark unique lineages that may ultimately merit recognition as separate species. This proclivity for genetically distinct entities (potential cryptic species) within species recognized based on morphology appears common in Tragopogon. To unravel the complexities of what is referred to as “T. pratensis”, more intensive phylogenetic analyses involving many more samples from across the geographic range of the species are required, as are detailed assessments of taxonomy, morphology, and cytology.

RESURRECTION OF PLESIOCREADIUM WINFIELD, 1929 (DIGENEA: MACRODEROIDIDAE) WITH PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES AND SUPPLEMENTAL OBSERVATIONS OF ITS TYPE SPECIES FROM RIVERS IN ARKANSAS, MISSISSIPPI, NEW YORK, AND TENNESSEE.

We herein resurrect and emend PlesiocreadiumWinfield, 1929 (Digenea: Macroderoididae) and provide a supplemental description of its type species, Plesiocreadium typicumWinfield, 1929, based on adult specimens collected from the intestine of bowfins, Amia calva Linnaeus, 1766 (Amiiformes: Amiidae), captured in the L'Anguille River (Mississippi River Basin, Arkansas), Big Lake (Pascagoula River Basin, Mississippi), Chittenango Creek (Oneida Lake, New York), and Reelfoot Lake (Tennessee River Basin, Tennessee). Plesiocreadium spp. (Pl. typicum and Plesiocreadium flavum [Van Cleave and Mueller, 1932] n. comb.) differ from other macroderoidids by having a dorsoventrally flat forebody, ceca that extend posteriad beyond the testes and that do not form a cyclocoel, testes that are greater than one-half of maximum body width, a cirrus sac that is dorsal to the ventral sucker and arches dextrad or sinistrad, a uterine seminal receptacle, asymmetrical vitelline fields that remain separated anteriorly and posteriorly and that extend anteriad to the level of the ventral sucker, and an I-shaped excretory vesicle. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses (ITS2 and 28S) recovered monophyletic Plesiocreadium sensu stricto (as defined herein) sister to Macroderoides trilobatusTaylor, 1978 and that clade sister to the remaining macroderoidids, with sequences ascribed to species of Macroderoides Pearse, 1924 recovered as paraphyletic. We regard Macroderoides parvus (Hunter, 1932) Van Cleave and Mueller, 1934, M. trilobatus, and RauschiellaBabero, 1951 as incertae sedis. Arkansas, New York, and Tennessee comprise new locality records for Pl. typicum.

SUBJECT: ANEMIA AND ITS TYPES.

SUBJECT: ANEMIA AND ITS TYPES.

Role of Information Technology to Control Corruption on Local Government in Nepal

Information Technology is very powerful tool to reduce corruption, increase the transparency &amp; accountability and develop the nation in today's world. This study describes the role of IT in local government for accountability, transparency &amp; corruption control. Improvement of delivery service mechanism, open government, administrative reform, law enforcement and social capital through information technology can provide accountability, efficiency, transparency to the public. This study is focused on local governments of Nepal. Corruption, lack of transparency, accountability &amp; efficiency are the main problem for development of local society in local governments. To reduce these types of problem IT can play vital role. The main aim of this study is to explore the current status of information technology and its use in local governments. The researcher has applied field survey, direct interview and observation method to collect primary data from employees, public and elected representative body of local governments for currents status and utilization of IT. The researcher has analyzed current status of IT and its utilization by their employees, public &amp; elected representative for different activities in local governments then concludes impacts of it on transparency, accountability &amp; control corruption in local governments.&#x0D; Overall proper implementation of Information Technology played vital role to increase the accountability, transparency and efficiency of work by delivering quick service and other activities in local governments and reduce the corruption &amp; develop the society of local governments.

THE USE OF INNOVATIONS IN THE TEACHING PROCESS AND ITS TYPES

THE USE OF INNOVATIONS IN THE TEACHING PROCESS AND ITS TYPES

Ecological Dynamics of Broad- and Narrow-Host-Range Viruses Infecting the Bloom-Forming Toxic Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa.

Microcystis aeruginosa is predicted to interact and coexist with diverse broad- and narrow-host-range viruses within a bloom; however, little is known about their affects on Microcystis population dynamics. Here, we developed a real-time PCR assay for the quantification of these viruses that have different host ranges. During the sampling period, total Microcystis abundance showed two peaks in May and August with a temporary decrease in June. The Microcystis population is largely divided into three phylotypes based on internal transcribed sequences (ITS; ITS types I to III). ITS I was the dominant phylotype (66% to 88%) except in June. Although the ITS II and III phylotypes were mostly less abundant, these phylotypes temporarily increased to approximately equivalent abundances of the ITS I population in June. During the same sampling period, the abundances of the broad-host-range virus MVGF_NODE331 increased from April to May and from July to October with a temporary decrease in June, in which its dynamics were in proportion to the increase of total Microcystis abundances regardless of changes in host ITS population composition. In contrast, the narrow-host-range viruses MVG_NODE620 and Ma-LMM01 were considerably less abundant than the broad-host-range virus and generally did not fluctuate in the environment. Considering that M. aeruginosa could increase the abundance and sustain the bloom under the prevalence of the broad-host-range virus, host abundant and diverse antiviral mechanisms might contribute to coexistence with its viruses. IMPORTANCE The bloom-forming toxic cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa interacts with diverse broad- and narrow-host-range viruses. However, the dynamics of the Microcystis population (at the intraspecies level) and viruses with different host ranges remain unknown. Our real-time PCR assays unveiled that the broad-host-range virus gradually increased in abundance over the sampling period, in proportion to the increase in total Microcystis abundance regardless of changes in genotypic composition. The narrow-host-range viruses were considerably less abundant than the broad-host-range virus and did not generally fluctuate in the environment. The expansion and maintenance of the Microcystis bloom even under the increased infection by the broad-host-range virus suggested that highly abundant and diverse antiviral mechanisms allowed them to coexist with viruses under selective pressure. This paper expands our knowledge about the ecological dynamics of Microcystis viruses and provides potential insights into their coexistence with their host.

Methodological aspects of cost accounting and calculation of the cost of it services

The article examines the essence of the concept of «IT-service» and provides a critical assessment of the state of regulatory regulation of the costing of services. It is found that the insufficiency of regulatory regulation and the lack of theoretical research on the choice of an organizational and methodological model of costing information products and services in practice encourage adaptation of the general costing methodology without taking into account the peculiarities of the technology of providing IT-services (production of IT-products), which reduces the reliability of costing calculations and does not contribute to the adoption of effective management decisions. Therefore, based on the study of scientific works, the significant differences inherent in IT-services were defined and systematized, and the specific features of IT-services and their provision technologies were determined. It has been proven that the established features of IT-services have a significant impact on the organization and methodology of cost accounting for the provision of IT-services. It was concluded that the most adequate to the nature of IT-services and the features of the technology of their provision is the non-contract (project) method of accounting with the detailing of production costs by customers, IT-projects and types of information services. Taking into account the requirements of the current regulatory framework and the technological features of the provision of IT-services, the composition of cost items for the implementation of IT-projects has been identified, which will contribute to streamlining the accounting of costs and calculating the cost of IT-services. In order to take into account the peculiarities of the provision of IT-services, the ratio of cost accounting objects and calculation objects is proposed, and calculation units are differentiated depending on the type of IT -services. Taking into account the insignificant amount of indirect costs for the provision of information services, a traditional approach to their distribution using a single basis – the working time of programmers – is proposed. An organizational and methodological model of project costing of IT-services is proposed. The practical application of the given proposals will ensure the complete inclusion of costs in the cost of IT-services, the reliability of cost calculations, and the improvement of the quality of management decision-making.

PID CONTROLLER. ITS TYPES, WORKING AND APPLICATIONS

PID CONTROLLER. ITS TYPES, WORKING AND APPLICATIONS

PID CONTROLLER. ITS TYPES, WORKING AND APPLICATIONS

PID CONTROLLER. ITS TYPES, WORKING AND APPLICATIONS

Mamdani Fuzzy-Based Assessment of Telework Capability of Philippine Government Employees

Due to the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Philippine government encouraged enterprises and businesses to utilize flexible work arrangements such as work-from-home (WFH) or telecommuting setup. Nowadays, the key components necessary for a telecommuting include a WiFi-enabled IT equipment, secured work environment, and reliable internet connection, while research shows that type of work and computer literacy are also key factors for telework implementation. Multiple studies in relation to telework have already been conducted but some studies were deemed inconclusive and need further analysis. Therefore, in this study, a Mamdani fuzzy-based model was developed for telework capability assessment for Philippine government employees based on four significant factors namely: internet speed, IT equipment availability, computer literacy, and type of work, which are expressed in linguistic representations. The proposed fuzzy system can provide a feedback telework capability score based on the four input parameters which may also be characterized with the potential telecommuting cost requirement.

Time and cost-efficient identification of Trichophyton indotineae.

During the past 5 years, an outbreak of recalcitrant dermatophytosis due to a novel Trichophyton species generally resistant to terbinafine, T.indotineae, has spread out from South Asia to many countries around the World. These isolates cannot be reliably differentiated from other Trichophyton spp. on the basis of morphological traits and the current laboratory diagnostics relies on sequencing of ribosomal DNA ITS region. In this study, we aimed to introduce two inexpensive and rapid PCR-based assays for differentiation between T.indotineae and other dermatophytes. The first introduced assay is based on PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis, involving the amplification of TOP2 sequences and the digestion of PCR products by Cfr13I restriction enzyme. The second assay is proposed as conventional endpoint species-specific PCR amplification of the C120-287 intergenic locus. To validate the assays, a total of 191 Trichophyton spp. and 2 Microsporum canis strains with known ITS region sequences were used. From the T.mentagrophytes / T.interdigitale species complex (TMTISC), strains with 18 different ITS genotypes were tested. The sample of TMTISC isolates included 41 T.indotineae strains. TOP2 PCR-RFLP and T.indotineae-specific PCR were positive with testing on DNA of all 41 T.indotineae isolates and two strains of T.mentagrophytes belonging to ITS Types XIII and XVI, but negative with other species and other TMTISC ITS genotypes (n=152). Therefore, the specificity of both new assays was 99%. The two developed diagnostic assays provide accurate and cost-effective means of identifying cultured T.indotineae isolates.