A new species,Bursaphelenchus ulmophilussp. n., from thehofmannigroup is described morphologically and molecularly. This nematode species was found associated with Dutch elm disease ofUlmusglabrain parks of St Petersburg, Russia, and is vectored by adults and larvae of the bark beetlesScolytusmultistriatusandS. scolytus.Bursaphelenchus ulmophilussp. n. is characterised by the following features: body length 600-850 μm, stylet 12-14 μm long with base slightly and smoothly expanded, but lacking knobs, median bulb almost spherical in female and slightly ovoid in male, pharyngeal gland lobe dorsal, 4-5 body diam. long. This species has an oval spermatheca filled with spherical nucleic sperm 4-5 μm diam. Female post-uterine sacca0.5 of the vulva-anus distance andca3 vulval body diam. long, female tail reflexed, strongly hooked ventrally with a digitate or conically rounded tip. The male has seven caudal papillae arranged as 1 + 2 + 2 + 2, P1 is unpaired, anterior to cloacal opening, paired P2 at cloacal aperture, paired P3 and paired pore-like ‘gland papilla’ P4 at the lateral edges of the bursa which has the posterior border rounded to truncate. Phylogenetic analyses of the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA, partial 18S rRNA and ITS rRNA gene sequences revealed thatB. ulmophilussp. n. formed a clade with species of thehofmannigroup and shared close relationships withB. hofmanniandB. pinasteri.