IT Companies Research Articles

Insights on the social and economic factors of the circular economy: A study of the Italian industrial and urban waste recycling sector.

In order to achieve the ambitious goals of the European Union (EU) Green Deal, Member States must implement an efficient and modern recycling industry that can combine high environmental standards with high economic performance. According to Eurostat, the amount of waste recovered, both industrial and urban, increased by 33.9% from 2004 to 2020, and the share of recovery in total waste treatment rose, respectively, from 45.9% to 59.1%. Among the EU countries, Italy exhibits the highest waste recycling rate (83.2% in 2020). This paper empirically investigates the economic, institutional, and social aspects that may be correlated to the performance of firms involved in industrial and urban waste recycling. Better performing firms would definitely provide larger benefits to the recycling industry, since turning waste into resources is crucial for the transition to a cleaner, climate neutral and circular economy. Working on a panel dataset of 3715 Italian companies, it emerges that firms performance is positively influenced by several firm-specific factors, such as age of experience, size, degree of specialization and digitalization, and by territorial factors, such as separate collection rate, regional GDP, and regional political ideology.

Investigating the linkage between knowledge sharing attitude, self-efficacy, and behavior in Bangladeshi information technology sector: Knowledge sharing intention as a mediator.

The research aims to investigate how employees' knowledge-sharing behavior (KSB) is affected by knowledge-sharing attitude (KSA) and knowledge-sharing self-efficacy (KSSE) when knowledge-sharing intention (KSI) is a mediator at IT companies in Bangladesh, using the widely accepted Theory of Planned Behavior as the underlying research framework. This investigation is explanatory in nature which emphasizes on the link among variables and follows quantitative research method. Data was assembled in google form applying convenience sampling from 295 employees working in seven IT companies of Bangladesh. The data was statistically analyzed by using partial least square-structural equation model (PLS-SEM) method. The results revealed that knowledge sharing attitude and knowledge sharing self-efficacy of employees' significantly affect their knowledge sharing intention and knowledge sharing behavior. Furthermore, there is a mediating impact on the relationship between knowledge sharing attitude and knowledge sharing behavior, and knowledge sharing self-efficacy and knowledge sharing behavior when knowledge sharing intention plays as a mediator. This paper contributes to existing literature regarding knowledge sharing intention and knowledge sharing behavior and offers policymakers an understanding on knowledge sharing attitude and knowledge sharing self-efficacy that driving knowledge sharing behavior among Bangladeshi IT personnel to achieve desired organizational goals.

Assessment of AI Influence on an IT Company Performance: Methodologies and Challenges

Assessment of AI Influence on an IT Company Performance: Methodologies and Challenges

Capital and international growth: lessons from IT companies for shaping entrepreneurship in the age of industry 4.0

Capital and international growth: lessons from IT companies for shaping entrepreneurship in the age of industry 4.0

Models and methods for forming service packages for solving of the problem of designing services in information systems of providers

Today, in the telecommunications industry, service is one of the fundamental concepts. Building a service architecture is a key stage in the service life cycle. Information systems of telecommunications providers are designed, implemented and supported by IT companies based on the End-to-End model. This requires the IT company to solve a number of complex problems. In these conditions, building a service architecture, implementing and providing a service are divided into subproblems. Solutions to subproblems must be integrated to determine the coordinated activities of both the IT company and the provider. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the goals of IT companies, providers and their customers in such a way that it is beneficial to all parties. One of such subproblems is the formation of service packages that the IT company offers to providers. The article proposes formal models for the subproblem of forming service packages that allow taking into account the interests of the IT company and providers. These are multi-criteria nonlinear mathematical programming models. To solve the subproblem of forming service packages, a two-stage algorithm and a modified version of the guided genetic algorithm are proposed. The use of these methods allows us to take into account the interests of the IT company and providers. Also, such important factors that affect the formation of packages as the base price of the service, service dependency, discount system, resource and other constraints of the IT company and providers are taken into account. The two-stage algorithm at the first stage uses classical algorithms for solving the knapsack problem, and at the second stage implements a compromise scheme to improve the solution. The second of the proposed methods uses three types of tools in combination. The first tool controls the convergence of the genetic algorithm. The second tool determines the choice of the best solutions taking into account the features of the multi-criteria problem. The third tool allows to obtain the best solutions to the optimization problem with the simultaneous choice of a discount strategy. Experimental studies have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Their ability to form the basis of the technology of forming service packages as a component of the platform for supporting the life cycle of services is also confirmed.

Team collective efficacy as a mediator of coaching leadership effects on exhaustion: a multilevel investigation

Purpose Team-based work is increasing within organizations nowadays. Despite calls for differentiation between individual and team levels of analysis, research on leadership effects at multiple levels is still limited. By integrating the Conservation of Resources and Social Cognitive theories, this paper aims to analyze the relationships between coaching leadership, team collective efficacy and individual exhaustion via multilevel modeling. Design/methodology/approach This paper opted for an exploratory study testing a 2-2-1 multilevel mediational model, positing team collective efficacy as a key factor in mediating the relationship between coaching leadership at the team level and exhaustion at the individual level. The hypotheses were tested on a sample of 311 employees, nested in 72 teams (Msize = 5.70, SDsize = 2.82 team members) of a large Italian company that provides financial services. Findings Results supported the positive association between coaching leadership and team collective efficacy, which, in turn, was negatively associated with team members’ average score in exhaustion and fully mediated the effect of coaching leadership on exhaustion, even controlling for team design features (i.e. task interdependence and team virtuality). The association between coaching leadership and exhaustion was only indirect, explained by team collective efficacy. Research limitations/implications Because of the self-report nature of the measures and the cross-sectional nature of the data, this research results might raise problems of variance in common methods and not allow causal conclusions to be drawn. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions further. Practical implications This paper includes several practical implications for enhancing group efficacy beliefs, which have an impact on individual well-being within the team. Originality/value This paper addresses the lack of empirical findings on the multilevel nature of the relationship between coaching-based leadership, collective team effectiveness and individual exhaustion.

Impact of Digital Transformation on Employee Engagement in Indian IT Companies

This study examines the relationship between digital transformation initiatives and employee engagement levels in IT companies located in Bangalore, India's premier tech hub. Using a mixed-methods approach, data was collected from 250 employees across 10 IT firms through surveys and in-depth interviews. The results indicate that while digital transformation generally enhances employee engagement, the relationship is moderated by factors such as age, technological adaptability, and organizational culture. The findings provide insights for IT leaders to effectively manage digital transformation while maintaining high levels of employee engagement.

Complicating the Innovative Model of a High-Tech IT Company

This paper examines the combined impact of significant modern trends on competitive processes in the IT industry. These trends include industry digitalization, the use of artificial intelligence tools in software engineering, and the concept of an IT company without physical offices and with fully virtualized production processes. The determination of the level of influence of these trends on the European information technology market is based on the author's research from 2020-2023. It is already obvious that the combination of these trends has a serious impact on the industry, but this impact continues to grow, which requires the management of IT companies to manage timely changes at the strategic level. The article offers an updated list of signs of an IT company achieving high-tech status, defines elements of a corporate strategy that allow using related advantages, and presents tactical steps for implementing timely changes. The article also presents a fundamental route for an IT company to achieve the status of a promising high-tech company with a global level of competitiveness.

Taxation regime for IT companies

The study defines that digital transformation must encompass all spheres of life in most countries within the next few years. This is linked to the development of an innovative information society, where the digital economy will become the main component. Attention is drawn to the definition of «information technologies». It is noted that the IT sector combines private law and public law relations, reflecting its complex nature in the modern legal system. It is emphasized that this, in turn, will contribute to the effective functioning of business entities in the information technology sector, helping to avoid negative consequences that may arise from deficiencies in legal regulation. IT is one of the leading industries in the Ukrainian economy at present, with its volumes growing each year. Statistics show that the IT sector is one of the few industries in the national economy that can respond more quickly to sharp changes in Ukraine’s external environment. The main taxation systems for business entities in the IT sector and tax rates are outlined. Attention is focused on the legal regime of Diia City, where IT sector entities can become residents. It is noted that the Diia City regime should provide not only favorable and flexible conditions for doing business, including attracting Ukrainian IT specialists, but also advantageous taxation. It is emphasized that Diia City, together with gig contracts, is designed to reduce the practice of registering employees as individual entrepreneurs. Companies that opt for the Diia City regime are offered nearly identical taxation in relation to employees and enhanced control over them. The advantages and disadvantages of gig contracts for the Ukrainian IT sector are discussed. At the same time, it is pointed out that effective legal regulation, taking into account the peculiarities of wartime, is critically important for ensuring the stable operation of Diia City resident companies. In conclusion, it is emphasized that the legal regime of Diia City, introduced to stimulate the digital economy in Ukraine, has become an important tool for regulating the IT sector since its launch in 2022. The further development of the Diia City legal regime should aim at supporting the stability of the IT sector, ensuring the retention of skilled personnel in Ukraine, as well as creating conditions for achieving a swift peace and the recovery of the economy after the war.

Factors Shaping Organizational Contingency Plans: Insights into Risk Management and Preparedness

Contingency planning is vital for organizations to sustain operations amidst unforeseen challenges, particularly in the volatile and uncertain business landscape of today. This study explores the factors influencing the contingency planning process, focusing on internal elements such as leadership and organizational culture, alongside external factors like technological advancements and market conditions. Using a quantitative methodology, data were collected from 139 participants in IT companies based in Erbil, Kurdistan. The findings reveal significant relationships between organizational culture, leadership, risk management strategies, and external factors in shaping effective contingency plans. Practical recommendations are provided to enhance preparedness and resilience in the IT sector. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on risk management and business continuity, offering actionable insights for organizations striving to navigate complexities in a dynamic environment.

Impact Factors of the Maturity of FSSC in the Digital Age: A Study Based on Structural Equation Modeling

Since the mid-1980s, many multinational companies (MNCs) have transformed their finance functions into financial shared service centers (FSSCs), in order to cut costs and optimize internal operations. When it came to the 21st century, breakthroughs in technology have witnessed the rapid growth of the digital economy, promoting the digital transformation of enterprises and the digital transformation of finance. The construction of a FSSC has laid a solid foundation for the digital transformation of finance and has gained popularity in large companies. However, the practices of FSSC in China are deeply associated with the development of IT. Some scholars see it as a kind of IT application in the finance function, as evidenced by the active involvement of IT companies in the establishment of FSSCs. In this paper, the authors launched a questionnaire to measure the maturity of the FSSC in Chinese companies. Data was analyzed by using structural equation modeling (SEM), aiming to study the factors that have impacts on the maturity of FSSC and the influencing path of the factors. Influencing factors were designed based on the TOE (Technology-Organization-Environment) theory, and the maturity model of FSSC was modified from the PwC (PricewaterhouseCoopers) maturity model of FSSC. And then a structural model was constructed. Various tests for SEM were used, and the study showed that the technological and organizational conditions of enterprises have promoted the construction and development of FSSCs, while the external environmental conditions indirectly influenced the maturity of FSSC through affecting the organizational and technological conditions. The paper also showed the influencing path of the factors.

Analysis of the impact of human resources employees’ perceptions on the process of digital transformation

PurposeEmployees’ perceptions of digital transformation (DT) affect digital technology adoption and utilization. These attitudes, such as digital preparation or acceptance of digitization, are linked to personal and organisational resources. The goal is to assess employees’ impressions of (1) DT in general and (2) the organization’s DT efforts, focusing on how these efforts affect their field of activity and (3) their DT expectations.Design/methodology/approachUsing the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use Technology (UTAUT), a model was built and examined from three perspectives: demographic characteristics, employee views of DT and organisational activities in DT. We used semi-structured interviews with ten international HR employees to validate the model.FindingsBecause the IT company we studied has several digital technologies, global HR departments, and varied organisational contexts, we started with “purposive sampling”. The principal findings offer the model an extensive understanding of how demographic characteristics, employees’ views of digital transformation (DT), and organisational DT activities affect digital technology uptake and use expectations.Originality/valueThis research may help companies plan for HR department digital technology installation and use. The approach can enable further research on digital technology uptake in businesses and practical ways to meet employee expectations.

A Literature Review of Employee Moonlighting in the IT Industry and Its Impact

The global economic landscape and environment are undergoing rapid transformations, prompting changes in human resource management (HRM) practices. The rise of flexible work arrangements, such as remote work and work-from-home options, offered primarily by IT companies, has led to a surge in moonlighting—where individuals take on secondary jobs to meet financial demands or to earn additional income. This shift reflects a growing concern among employees for financial stability rather than career growth amid economic uncertainties. Employees often work beyond their primary employment for extra compensation, impacting their work-life balance and employers’ compliance policies. The phenomenon of moonlighting in the IT sector has become a point of concern, especially regarding its effects on efficiency. This study also looks at the prevalence of moonlighting in the IT industry and the connection between employees’ primary and secondary jobs. Is it feasible for employees to work for multiple companies without their employer’s knowledge? How can organizations provide financial support to reduce the appeal of moonlighting? What if employees could manage multiple roles efficiently without compromising any of them? Understanding when employees shift from occasional to full moonlighting is crucial for addressing these concerns.

Virtual relational capital for business development: a case study

Purpose The study aims to investigate virtual relational capital (VRC) to evaluate to what extent virtual relations (VR), obtained by using new technologies, support the development of firms, also considering the increasing sustainability’s needs. The study addresses the literature gap on VRC dynamics through an empirical analysis. Design/methodology/approach The investigation focuses on a single case study in the lighting industry, deepening the case of a small Italian company. The case is analyzed through the lens of the CAOS framework model by Paoloni, nurtured through direct semi-structured interviews with the entrepreneur and some managers and consultants, and data collected via web scraping. Findings VRC, obtained by the use of new technological tools, contributes to developing and fostering the innovation ecosystem in which companies need to create new skills and synergic alliances with other stakeholders. Moreover, VR can improve commercial and sales performance, stakeholder engagement and sustainability, including alignment with the circular economy and waste management principles. VRC can support smaller companies with more limited resources to connect to a broader range of actors, raising their voices with policymakers and other relevant international institutions. Originality/value The study contributes to the theoretical understanding of VRC, especially in an era in which new technologies play a fundamental role for both businesses and people. It also provides practical insights into how companies, especially smaller ones, can maximize their sustainable impact by strategically adopting virtual interactions with meaningful stakeholders like customers, key executive partners, industrial associations and policymakers.

Impact of Renewable Energy Adoption and Organizational Culture on Employee Productivity in Jordanian Technology and IT Companies: The Mediating Role of Workplace Sustainability

Impact of Renewable Energy Adoption and Organizational Culture on Employee Productivity in Jordanian Technology and IT Companies: The Mediating Role of Workplace Sustainability

Knowledge Management and Employee Performance in the Information Technology Sector

Background: Knowledge management involves the identification, gathering, and organization of both explicit knowledge, such as documents and procedures, and tacit knowledge, including the skills and experience of individuals within an organization. Information technology is a knowledge-intensive industry, so knowledge management is crucial for employee performance. Objectives: The objective of this study is to examine the status of knowledge management practices within the IT sector, specifically knowledge creation, sharing, retention, and actionable knowledge support, and their influence on employee performance. Methods: This adopts a descriptive and explanatory research design. Purposively, it considered 310 employees working in IT companies in Nepal; 303 responses were considered for analysis. A questionnaire survey measured knowledge management with 27 items and employee (task) performance with six items. The study adopted PLS-SEM to analyze the data. Results: This study found that actionable knowledge support, knowledge sharing, and knowledge retention emerged as the primary influencers of employee performance within the IT sector. Specifically, active involvement in knowledge-sharing and retention contributes to employee performance. Among the factors, actionable knowledge support is vital for employee performance. However, a relationship between knowledge creation and performance was not found. Conclusion: This study helps improve our understanding of IT knowledge management dynamics in developing countries like Nepal, based on knowledge creation, sharing, retention, and actionable knowledge support. Future research on knowledge dynamics and performance may build on these findings. The knowledge-intensive nature of the IT sector affects employee performance. These findings could lay the groundwork for future research on knowledge dynamics and performance in this industry.

Digital Innovation Performance of Selected Returnee Employees Among Selected It Companies in Guangzhou Towards an Improved Organizational Culture

This study examined the digital innovation capabilities of returnee employees in selected IT companies in Guangzhou and their impact on organizational culture. A sample of 235 returnee employees from 25 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) was analyzed to evaluate digital innovation performance indicators, such as success rate, speed, quality, market influence, and internal efficiency improvement. The study also assessed the relationship between the employees' backgrounds and digital innovation performance on organizational culture. Findings indicated that most returnee employees were male, aged 36-40, and held college degrees. Digital innovation performance was rated highly effective, with differences significant based on age, education, and years of service in the current organization, but not gender or role. Excluding market influence, there was a positive relationship between digital innovation performance and organizational culture, with internal efficiency improvement having the strongest correlation. Recommendations were made to boost digital innovation and organizational culture through enhanced employee engagement, technology adoption, and continuous improvement.

Impact of Organizational Shared Values and Value Congruence on Organizational Performance: A Study of IT Companies in Bangalore City

Organisational values are the principles and beliefs that help companies build culture and act as a guiding tool in shaping a company’s behaviour. They are the basis for making decisions and prioritising tasks. Also, aligning values is essential for a committed workforce to enhance performance both at individual and organisational levels. The study examines the effect of organisation-shared values and value congruence on organisational performance. This work was done based on a sample assessment of 550 employees working in IT companies in Bangalore. The response was collected using value taxonomy and value congruence statements. HR dimensions of qualitative organisation performance, such as employee satisfaction, employee morale, turnover and absenteeism, communication, HRM practices, and Top management, were tested using a questionnaire. Regression, correlation, and factor analysis techniques were used to derive the statistical values to support the interpretations. The findings indicated that shared organisational values such as individual values, organisation core values, values about relationships, and societal values have an optimistic impact on the performance of an organisation. Further, the study also revealed that higher congruence values significantly impact organisational performance.

Assessing Working Attitudes of Remote Workers to Enhance Management Control System: A Case Study of COVID-19 Lockdowns in Italy

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly transformed organizational operations, with remote work emerging abruptly as a prevalent practice during lockdowns and maintaining a pivotal role in contemporary business organizations. This paper in-vestigates the working attitudes shaped by the forced shift to remote work in Italy during the two major waves of COVID-19 lockdowns, exploring a two-wave sur-vey involving 30 Italian companies and 1,861 workers. This research examines the challenges faced by remote workers, their perceptions, and the implications for management control systems. Results indicate that Italian workers' attitudes to-ward the sudden shift to remote work varied widely, depending on both demo-graphic and organizational factors. Specifically, trust in direct supervisors, number of children, and age emerged as major determinants of workers' attitudes and opinions. Furthermore, these opinions were associated with perceived stress levels.

Coping with a protracted crisis: a case study of IT-Integrator in Ukraine

Learning outcomes This case study offers the following learning opportunities for students: to identify and assess how a management team can establish effective working relationships to build a cohesive team during times of severe crisis and to prepare business for the restoration period; and to find alternative ways aimed at restoring the company’s operations and suggest ways of adapting to the new, normal situation. Case overview/synopsis This case study examines the strategic decisions of IT-Integrator, a Ukrainian IT company, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. It highlights the leadership of vice president Nadiia Omelchenko in navigating the crisis, focusing on initial chaos, the development of a business continuity plan and efforts to restore operations and ensure employee safety. Despite warnings, the outbreak of war on February 24, 2022, was unexpected, with no established emergency protocols. Companies independently decided on measures for safety and business continuity, especially those critical to infrastructure and banking. In 2021, IT-Integrator faced reluctance within its executive team regarding resource allocation for wartime scenarios. Omelchenko’s push for a comprehensive business continuity plan proved crucial. Despite the plan’s effectiveness, unpreparedness for the crisis’s scale hindered recovery efforts. During the early days of the invasion, Omelchenko managed the dual challenge of safeguarding the business and its employees amid uncertainty and workforce reduction. Each decision had significant implications, requiring a balance between immediate survival and future stability. The case of IT-Integrator underscores the importance of proactive crisis management, strategic planning and resilient leadership. Omelchenko’s experience offers valuable lessons for businesses facing similar crises, emphasizing preparedness, adaptability and a focus on both immediate and long-term recovery. Complexity academic level This case study is suitable for MBA and executive development programs. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 6: human resource management.